CN206322487U - Two-conductor Ground wire with insulation ocver of the anti-lightning strike type with optical fiber on a kind of overhead transmission line - Google Patents

Two-conductor Ground wire with insulation ocver of the anti-lightning strike type with optical fiber on a kind of overhead transmission line Download PDF

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Publication number
CN206322487U
CN206322487U CN201621253877.2U CN201621253877U CN206322487U CN 206322487 U CN206322487 U CN 206322487U CN 201621253877 U CN201621253877 U CN 201621253877U CN 206322487 U CN206322487 U CN 206322487U
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layer
optical fiber
ground wire
transmission line
wire
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张健
张京伦
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Abstract

The utility model is related to two-conductor Ground wire with insulation ocver of the anti-lightning strike type with optical fiber on a kind of overhead transmission line.The purpose of this utility model is the strand broking for solving OPGW, while the purpose being also up to includes saving energy and decreasing loss, reduces secondary arc current, ice-melt snow removing, field power taking.The technical solution of the utility model is:Ground wire is followed successively by fiber unit from inside to outside, layer, composite insulation layer and electroconductive magnetic volume surrounding in electroconductive magnetic body, wherein:Fiber unit is placed in ferrule for optical fiber;Layer is formed by many zinc-coated wire process in electroconductive magnetic body, and the fiber unit is located in the centre of many zinc-coated wires;Composite insulation layer is by inner insulating layer, main insulating layer and insulating outer layer is laminating forms, and wherein inner insulating layer and insulating outer layer are semi-conductive layer;Electroconductive magnetic volume surrounding is formed by many zinc-coated wire process, is coated on the outside of insulating outer layer.The utility model is applied to high voltage overhead transmission line of alternation current.

Description

Two-conductor Ground wire with insulation ocver of the anti-lightning strike type with optical fiber on a kind of overhead transmission line
Technical field
The utility model is related to the ground wire in power system high-tension overhead line, anti-lightning strike on especially a kind of overhead transmission line Two-conductor Ground wire with insulation ocver of the type with optical fiber.Suitable for high voltage overhead transmission line of alternation current.
Background technology
In the prior art, OPGW Optical fiber composite overhead ground Wires (OPGW) is the composite overhead ground wire for integrating optical fiber communication function and transmission line of electricity lightning function, belongs to power train A kind of special special optical cable circuit of system.With the construction of Fiber-optic Communication In Electric Power System network, OPGW (OPGW) increasing scale is used.As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, basic structure is big for the OPGW structure used at present Cause is identical, and optical fiber 1, which is enclosed within ferrule 2, forms fiber unit (being used to communicate), and fiber unit is located in the aluminium in blossom type In steel clad wire 101 (aluminum-clad steel wire offer mechanical strength), outermost layer is aluminium alloy wire 102 (aluminium alloy wire is easy to conductive).
But it is due to cause the understanding of OPGW (OPGW) stranded influence not enough in the past on thunderbolt, causes mesh Preceding operating OPGW (OPGW) withstand-lightning capability is low, and OPGW in operation is struck by lightning and occurred stranded Phenomenon frequently occurs.According to the part high-tension electricity coil holder of International Electrotechnical Commissio IEC-60794-4-1 (1999) optical cable the 4th Empty optical cable (OPGW), IEEE American Electronics and the Institution of Electrical Engineers, IEEE Std-1138-1994《For utility power circuit Optical fiber aerial earth wire composite rope (OPGW) experiment and performance use standard》Requirement, in existing fiber composite overhead ground wire Outer layer metal line gauge surely use aluminum-clad steel wire and aluminium alloy wire, because the fusing point of aluminium is the bottom of compared with, the easy scorification when being struck by lightning It is disconnected, using the anti-lightning poor-performing of this structure, it is more prone to cause the fusing damage of outer layer aluminium in high thunderstorm area, influences light The effect of fine composite overhead ground wire, serious threat is constituted to ultra-high-tension power transmission line and power communication.
In fact, since the 1990s, the disconnection problem of composite fiber ground wire has been an international skill Art problem:Japan occurred 10 times altogether during the decade in 1983~1992 years, about 0.08 times/year hundred km;Germany has every year OPGW strands breaks event occurs, and typically breaks 1~2 strand, most multibreak 7 strands;It has been reported that on China's 500kV circuits, having every year OPGW strands breaks event occurs, and in the March, 2005 from 2000 to, occurs 47 strands breaks altogether on 21 500kV circuits Event, typically breaks 1~2 strand, the most multibreak circuit 10 strands, having even has stranded event every year.
According to the retrieval of applicant, the scheme improved to some extent at present in the field has:
1st, a kind of " the outer wraparound ice-melting optical fiber composite overhead groundwire " of Zhongtian Hitachi Cable Co., Ltd's application, the patent No.: 201320492612.8, it is a kind of outer wraparound ice-melting optical fiber composite overhead groundwire designed for ice damage prone areas, in ground wire During icing, galvanization heating ice-melt is carried out using the lenticular wire that insulate, when preventing long caused by the cable shaft tower after cable icing breaks Between power outage.
2nd, Jiangsu ZhongTian Science Co., Ltd, China Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Corporation of China, Guo Wang Sichuan Province " a kind of embedded can optical fiber composite overhead ground wire capable of melting ice " of Utilities Electric Co.'s application, the patent No.:201420251323.3, for ice The prone areas design of snow disaster evil it is a kind of it is embedded can optical fiber composite overhead ground wire capable of melting ice, be embedded with insulated electric conductor in ground wire, can be with In ground wire icing, energization ice-melt is carried out to conductor;By embedded insulated electric conductor in various intelligent monitoring equipment, communication Powered after device far end.
3rd, Guangdong Grid Company Power Dispatching Control Center, China Electric Power Research Institute, Chinese energy construction group are wide " lightning stroke-resistant optical fibre composite overhead ground wire " of eastern electric power saving design and research institute application, the patent No.:201220570388.5.Resistance to thunderbolt OPGW is mainly used in the construction of Fiber-optic Communication In Electric Power System network, and the function and optical fiber for having lightning-arrest shunting concurrently are logical The functions such as news, and with good anti-lightning performance, high thunderstorm area can be applicable.
Three above patent has improvement compared with traditional OPGW in terms of ice-melt, but due to still It is to have continued to use in the way of aluminium Baogang+aluminium alloy is as electric conductor, it is after being struck by lightning or frequently stranded, therefore, state so far The power communication authorities of family's aspect are still without these schemes of large-scale promotion application.
It is applicant's understanding that why above-mentioned existing and improved technical scheme is with still not solving optical fiber composite overhead The strand broking of line, its basic reason is to use mistake material, that is, has used aluminum-clad steel wire and aluminium alloy.
Through research, lightning current is an aperiodic transient current, is typically to quickly rise to peak value, then more slow Decline.The wave head of lightning current is steep in the extreme.Due to being usually superimposed with vibration at the starting of lightning current wave and peak value, it is difficult to really Its fixed true zero point and the time to peaking, therefore, generally use apparent wave head time t1With apparent wavelength time t2To represent thunder The rise time of electric current and full width at half maximum, are typically designated as t1/t2, as shown in Figure 3.
Pass through the spectrum analysis to lightning current:1) essence of lightning current is a kind of high-frequency impulse, and with frequency Raise and successively decrease.When wave rear is identical, wavefront is steeper, and higher hamonic wave is abundanter;In the case of wavefront identical, wave rear is more long low Frequency part is abundanter;2) energy of thunder and lightning is concentrated mainly on low frequency part, and about more than 90% thunder energy is distributed in frequency and is Thunder and lightning stream energy, as long as this explanation prevents that the lightning current of 100kHz frequencies below from scurrying into, can just be cut down 90% by below 100kHz More than.
For high-frequency impulse, nonferromagnetic material either weak ferromagnetism material (aluminum-clad steel wire) has such as been used, by It is non-magnet material in aluminium, magnetic linkage fracture occurs because of no magnetic conductivity in the transmission of lightning current high-frequency energy, i.e., can cause The transmission failure of magnetic energy and then thunder energy is forced to huge heat energy will be produced after light, hot-cast socket, and then aluminum steel is melted Change.And the International Electrotechnical Commission IEC and American Electronic of existing implementation electrically learn standard gauges of the IEEE in optical power grounded waveguide In journey design, aluminium Baogang to be used or aluminum alloy materials are exactly defined to outermost requirement, so arrived in lightning current When, cause magnetic linkage effectively to transmit, on the contrary melt aluminium lamination, cause line-outage contingency.This is to cause failure feelings in recent decades The continuous basic reason of condition.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned problem, the technical problems to be solved in the utility model is:According to the characteristic and iron of lightning current There is provided two-conductor of the anti-lightning strike type with optical fiber on a kind of overhead transmission line is insulated for principle of the magnetic material with thunder and lightning field energy of dissolving Line, its main purpose be solve OPGW strand broking, while the purpose being also up to include saving energy and decreasing loss, Reduce secondary arc current, ice-melt snow removing, field power taking.
The technical scheme that the utility model is used is:Two-conductor of the anti-lightning strike type with optical fiber is insulated on overhead transmission line Line, it is characterised in that the ground wire is followed successively by fiber unit from inside to outside, layer, composite insulation layer and conduction in electroconductive magnetic body Magnetic volume surrounding, wherein:
The fiber unit is placed in ferrule for optical fiber;
Layer is formed by many zinc-coated wire process in the electroconductive magnetic body, and the fiber unit is located in many galvanized steels The centre of silk;
The composite insulation layer is by inner insulating layer, main insulating layer and insulating outer layer is laminating forms, wherein inner insulating layer and absolutely Edge outer layer is semi-conductive layer;
The electroconductive magnetic volume surrounding is formed by many zinc-coated wire process, is coated on the outside of insulating outer layer.
The ferrule is made of magnetic stainless steel, preferably martensitic stain less steel.
The zinc-coated wire uses soft magnetism wire galvanization;Or martensitic stainless steel wire is zinc-plated.
The conductor cross sectional area of layer and electroconductive magnetic volume surrounding is not less than 50mm in the electroconductive magnetic body2
The semi-conductive layer thickness is 1~3mm, and the raw material of semi-conductive layer is prepared by following weight %:
Graphite 10~20
Iron powder 5~10
Crosslinked polyethylene surplus.
The main insulating layer thickness is 3~25mm, and the raw material of main insulating layer is prepared by following weight %:
MgZn ferrite powder 20~30
Crosslinked polyethylene surplus.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
1), using the magnetic zinc-plated stainless steel wire of bilayer zone as conductor after, thunder energy ejectment can be entered greatly rapidly Ground, fundamentally solves the strand broking of OPGW, protects the proper communication of optical fiber.
2), the setting of composite insulation layer to form capacity effect between inside and outside two layers of conductor and insulating barrier, equivalent to Provide energy transmission passage to the lightning wave with high frequency characteristics, contribute to ground wire quickly to remove mines, protect ground wire not by Interrupt.
3), outer contact is hanging because of the presence of insulating barrier, so shuts off the current path between ground wire and the earth, The electric energy loss on aerial earth wire is eliminated, saving energy and decreasing loss purpose is reached.
4) secondary arc current, is reduced, the reliability of power supply is improved.
5) the problem of, solving power transmission line monitoring device field power taking is difficult in operation, while being available for electric consumption on lighting.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 are two kinds of structure charts of the utility model background technology OPGW respectively.
Fig. 3 is the waveform diagram of lightning current.
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of the utility model OPGW.
Fig. 5 is the three-dimensional exploded view of the utility model OPGW.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, on the present embodiment overhead transmission line two-conductor Ground wire with insulation ocver of the anti-lightning strike type with optical fiber section It is rounded, wrap up layer by layer from inside to outside, be followed successively by fiber unit, layer 3, composite insulation layer 4 and electroconductive magnetic in electroconductive magnetic body Volume surrounding 5.
The fiber unit is placed in ferrule 2 for optical fiber 1 (one or more), and ferrule 2 is using magnetic Stainless steel is made, such as martensitic stain less steel.
Layer 3 is formed (by wire twisting machine process) by many zinc-coated wire process in the electroconductive magnetic body, the fiber unit It is located in the middle of many zinc-coated wires.Zinc-coated wire is zinc-plated using soft magnetism steel wire (or martensitic stainless steel wire).Electroconductive magnetic The conductor cross sectional area of internal layer 3 is no less than 50mm2
The composite insulation layer 4 is by inner insulating layer 4-1, main insulating layer 4-2 and insulating outer layer 4-3 is laminating forms.
Inner insulating layer 4-1 and insulating outer layer 4-3 is semi-conductive layer, and the thickness of two layers of semi-conductive layer is 1~3mm, Semi-conductive layer is matched somebody with somebody by 10~20% (weight) graphite of addition and 5~10% (weight) iron powders in major ingredient crosslinked polyethylene (weight %) System is formed, and it is to obtain electric conductivity that graphite and iron powder are added in semi-conductive layer.The effect of two layers of semi-conductive layer is to make absolutely The conductive layer that edge layer is contacted with it is in equipotential, so as to avoid because the shelf depreciation that conductive line surfaces are rough and produce is existing As, it is ensured that cable long-term safety is run.
Main insulating layer 4-2 thickness is 3~25mm, main insulating layer by addition 20 in major ingredient crosslinked polyethylene (weight %)~ 30% (weight) MgZn ferrite powder is formulated, and it is to improve the magnetic conductivity of insulating barrier to add MgZn ferrite powder Energy.
This example electroconductive magnetic volume surrounding 5 is same to be formed (by tube-type line strander process) by many zinc-coated wire process, the number of plies Two layers, it is coated on insulating outer layer 4-3 outside.Zinc-coated wire uses soft magnetism wire galvanization, or martensitic stainless steel wire to plate Zinc.The conductor cross sectional area of electroconductive magnetic volume surrounding 5 is no less than 50mm2
Ground wire after the utility model is improved has following unprecedented advantage:
1), ferromagnetic material dissolve thunder energy calculating
The use of ferromagnetic material is to be based on U.S. electric scholar Shi Danmei intelligence (Charles Proteus in this ground wire Steinmetz 1865-1923) in ferromagnetic material magnetizing power (loss) model formation proposed before more than 100 years:
In formula, the factor such as K-consideration ironworking, magnetic flux distribution are uneven makes the ferromagnetic increased correction factor of loss; P1/50- frequency is 50Hz, the maximal magnetization capacity (loss) (W/kg) of ferromagnetic material when magnetic flux density is 1T (tesla), please It is shown in Table 1;B-ferromagnetic flux density (T);F-magnetic flux alternative frequency (Hz);GFeThe quality (kg) of-ferromagnetic material.
Maximal magnetization capacity (loss) value of the cold rolling lamination steel of the mild steel of table 1
The parameter of table 1 comes from《Ferromagnetic material magnetic ordered material Feature Description》, EP.Wohlfarth chief editors.
K=0.8 is taken, when ferromagnetic material thickness is δ=2.1mm, corresponding specific loss P1/50=36W/kg, it is assumed that thunder and lightning Average frequency f=1000Hz, B=1T (tesla) of pulse,=0.8 × 36 × 1 × 201.3 ×GFe=28.8 × 49GFe=1411.2GFe
Referring back to table 2, the statistics energy value of lightning current (Nanjing Information engineering Univ Xiao Wenan teaches teaching material):
The lightning current parameter of the positive polarity thunderbolt first of table 2
Assuming that thunder energy A=10MJ (megajoule), intends with magnetic field energy PFeCarry out containing thunder and lightning field energy relationship, then it is necessary Meet PFe>=A conditions, A≤PFe=10 × 106=1411.2GFe, draw ferromagnetic weight GFe≥7086kg.This energy replacement theory Be built upon by the energy transfer rate of electromagnetism field system be equal with the light velocity be 3 × 108M/s, therefore it can pass through Ferromagnetic material is promptly absorbed the electric field energy of lightening pulse in the way of magnetic to be lost with receiving.
From the modelling of energy absorption equity, it is desirable to the magnetization volume P that ferromagnetic material is possessedFeThat is magnetic energy product work( The capability value A of the power for the electric field energy that rate >=thunder and lightning lotus produces, can absorb the electric field energy of thunder and lightning if reaching this requirement It is transformed among ferromagnetic material, therefore, according to formula:To ferromagnetic weight in overhead transmission line It is that the strength grade that thunderbolt is counted on corresponding trolley line by lightning current has a minimum weight demands to measure G, if with thunder and lightning Intensity is 10MJ, then the minimum weight G=7086kg of the lightning region ferromagnetic material.If with steel strand wires model LG-70mm2For Example, unit weight 570kg/km, the minimum 7086kg/570=12.4km of ground wire continuous length, i.e. 12.4km galvanized steel Silk thread is the energy of this thunder and lightning of can dissolving.P is often taken in Practical ProjectFe>=1.62A, (experience safety factor is 1.62)。
2), capacity effect rapid drainage lightning current
The utility model ground wire adds a composite insulation layer 4 between two layers of electroconductive magnetic body, so in physics knot A capacitor layers are formed on structure, according to the theoretical calculation of plate condenser, capacitanceε is the dielectric of air Constant, εrFor the dielectric constant of medium, S is area, and d is the distance between conductor, is the thickness δ of insulating barrier in this programme, That is the conductor spacing d=δ of capacitor, so generally design pressure-resistant by 30~100kV of insulating barrier, insulating barrier is generally 6~ 20mm thickness, if by the capacitance of this structure lower wire, the generally every kilometer capacitance for 0.2 μ F (microfarad) left and right, if wire Continuous length be 10~20 kilometers when, capacitance can reach 4~5 μ F electric capacity.It is in the case where transmission line of electricity is very long, then electric Capacitance accordingly increases, because lightning current is a kind of high-frequency impulse wave, and it is easy to by capacitive electrical equipment, so The ground wire of structure is equivalent to the passage that an energy transmission is provided to the lightning wave with high frequency characteristics.
If capacitance C is up to 0.2 μ F per kilometers length, if ground line length is 50km, capacitance up to 10 μ F, And the thus capacitive reactance of capacitance formationWhen lightning current frequency f is 10kHZWhen, the capacitive impedance that the ground wire is presented ForThis resistance is the equal of a good electricity Gas path, you can drain lightning current in greatly so that the passage that is constituted from this capacitor is quick.But the ground wire cable To 50HZCapacitive reactance Xc=is then presented in power-frequency voltageImpedance ratio is added when being struck by lightning About 300 times, close to high impedance, equivalent to open-circuit condition.
If arrester is connected with electroconductive magnetic volume surrounding 5 in actual installation engineering, it is possible to effectively utilize ground connection Cable reaches the effect of lightning protection, while electroconductive magnetic volume surrounding 5 again can be made to reach hanging purpose in usually operation.
3), wastage reducing and energy saving
In the prior art, band optical ground wire is used by tower ground connection, therefore with very big induced-current, its result The energy loss of circuit is increased, this additional energy loss is that the quadratic sum line length of same load current is proportional , for 200~300km of 500kV length power transmission sequence, the about millions of degree of electric flux are about lost every year, are caused sizable Economic loss.The present invention by bilayer conductive magnetic plus middle composite insulation layer, by the use of electroconductive magnetic volume surrounding 5 as Inductive layer, because the presence of composite insulation layer 4 make it that electroconductive magnetic volume surrounding 5 is hanging over the ground, so shuts off ground wire and big Current path between ground, eliminates the electric energy loss on aerial earth wire.Under normal circumstances, the electromagnetically volume surrounding 5 of ground wire with The earth shaft tower insulate, it is to avoid faradic generation.When lightning surge generation or line fault, ground wire is except by The discharging gap electric discharge of the ground insulator of installing is outer, while can also pass through the electric capacity hf channel designed by the present invention and the earth Connect, lightning current is drained automatically, it is ensured that lightning current and the effective of event gap power current release.
4), ice-melt removes the snow
Because the ground wire of transmission line of electricity is erected on the tower top of line steel tower, it is easier to form icing situation, once icing Thickness exceed design limit value, it will cause overhead line structures to be toppled over, thread breakage, short circuit grounding is formed between wire, ground wire, it is whole Bar line interruption is powered, and the safe operation to power network is caused high risks by this.Be to the de-icing method of aerial earth wire at present by Ice-melt area ground wire is all insulated over the ground, and the method for dc source is added on ground wire, but this method workload is big, and performance difficulty is removed Ice DeGrain, for the ground wire with optical fiber, the DC current of loading can also be because temperature rise is excessive and damages Optical fiber.
The utility model enables the insulation suspension of electroconductive magnetic volume surrounding 5, when to it due to being provided with composite insulation layer 4 Wire heats up because of energization when passing to DC current, reaches the purpose of ice-melt snow removing;At the same time, due to the presence of insulating barrier, Layer with optical fiber is too high without heating up, and protects the safety of optical fiber.
5) secondary arc current, is reduced
Composite insulation layer 4 of the present utility model makes electroconductive magnetic volume surrounding 5 over the ground after hanging insulation, it is possible to reduce latent power supply Stream, accelerates the extinguishing of latent power supply arc, improves the success rate of single-pole reclosing, improve electric network reliability.
6) field power taking demand, is met
In overhead transmission line running status on-line monitoring system, the power supply mode of battery is generally added using solar energy, but Show through trial operation in a few years, illumination is not enough, in the case of continuous rainy weather, equipment can not be met by storage battery power supply Power supply reliability requirement, and the life of storage battery is limited, is accomplished by within 1 year or so changing so that the operation maintenance of on-line monitoring system It can not be protected.The utility model will can produce sensing after outer contact 5 vacantly insulation with adjacent electrification in high voltage phase conductor Voltage, for 500kV circuits, induced voltage is up to 3~5kV (segmented), by that can be obtained in the transformer installed above of outer layer 5 Induction electric energy is used to illuminate and monitoring instrument.

Claims (6)

1. two-conductor Ground wire with insulation ocver of the anti-lightning strike type with optical fiber on a kind of overhead transmission line, it is characterised in that:The ground wire is by interior It is outer be followed successively by fiber unit, layer (3), composite insulation layer (4) and electroconductive magnetic volume surrounding (5) in electroconductive magnetic body, wherein:
The fiber unit is placed in ferrule (2) for optical fiber (1);
Layer (3) is formed by many zinc-coated wire process in the electroconductive magnetic body, and the fiber unit is located in many galvanized steels The centre of silk;
The composite insulation layer (4) is by inner insulating layer (4-1), main insulating layer (4-2) and insulating outer layer (4-3) is laminating forms, Wherein inner insulating layer (4-1) and insulating outer layer (4-3) are semi-conductive layer;
The electroconductive magnetic volume surrounding (5) is formed by many zinc-coated wire process, is coated on insulating outer layer (4-3) outside.
2. two-conductor Ground wire with insulation ocver of the anti-lightning strike type with optical fiber on overhead transmission line according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: The ferrule (2) is made of magnetic stainless steel.
3. two-conductor Ground wire with insulation ocver of the anti-lightning strike type with optical fiber on overhead transmission line according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: The zinc-coated wire uses soft magnetism wire galvanization.
4. two-conductor Ground wire with insulation ocver of the anti-lightning strike type with optical fiber on overhead transmission line according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: The zinc-coated wire is that martensitic stainless steel wire is zinc-plated.
5. two-conductor Ground wire with insulation ocver of the anti-lightning strike type with optical fiber on the overhead transmission line according to claim 3 or 4, its feature exists In:The conductor cross sectional area of layer (3) and electroconductive magnetic volume surrounding (5) is not less than 50mm in the electroconductive magnetic body2
6. two-conductor Ground wire with insulation ocver of the anti-lightning strike type with optical fiber on overhead transmission line according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: The stainless steel is martensitic stain less steel.
CN201621253877.2U 2016-11-22 2016-11-22 Two-conductor Ground wire with insulation ocver of the anti-lightning strike type with optical fiber on a kind of overhead transmission line Withdrawn - After Issue CN206322487U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106653169A (en) * 2016-11-22 2017-05-10 张兴莲 Lightning protection type double-conductor insulated ground wire provided with optical fiber and used for overhead line

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106653169A (en) * 2016-11-22 2017-05-10 张兴莲 Lightning protection type double-conductor insulated ground wire provided with optical fiber and used for overhead line
CN106653169B (en) * 2016-11-22 2017-12-12 张兴莲 Two-conductor Ground wire with insulation ocver of the anti-lightning strike type with optical fiber on a kind of overhead transmission line

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