CN206292939U - A kind of spectrum flame detector based on flicker frequency - Google Patents
A kind of spectrum flame detector based on flicker frequency Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN206292939U CN206292939U CN201621387146.7U CN201621387146U CN206292939U CN 206292939 U CN206292939 U CN 206292939U CN 201621387146 U CN201621387146 U CN 201621387146U CN 206292939 U CN206292939 U CN 206292939U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- signal
- flame
- flicker frequency
- radiation
- determinand
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Landscapes
- Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of spectrum flame detector based on flicker frequency, and the detector includes sensing unit, computing unit and processing unit.Sensing unit includes the radiation of sensing first wave length and exports the first radiation sensor of the first signal, and senses infra-red radiation and export the photosensitive sensor of secondary signal；Computing unit is based on the secondary signal and calculates determinand flicker frequency；Processing unit is based on first signal and determinand flicker frequency judges whether flame and sends alarm signal.The spectrum flame detector based on flicker frequency in the utility model, comprehensive descision is carried out by being radiated to flicker frequency and characteristic wavelength, the influence of interference signal can be prevented effectively from, there is false alarm prevention characteristic high to the judgement of flame, high speed, highly sensitive flame detecting can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to flame detecting technical field.More particularly, to a kind of spectrum fire based on flicker frequency
Flame detector.
Background technology
During fire detector is fire automatic alarm system, scene is detected, the equipment for finding fire is used for
Fire alarm and startup fire braking measure.Main fire detector type has smoke fire detector, temperature-sensitive both at home and abroad at present
Fire detector, gaseous type fire detector and spectrum fire detector.Wherein smoke fire detector, heat fire detector
It is long to the actual fire response time with gaseous type fire detector because it detects mechanism limitation, or even due to detection parameter
Detector can not be reached and failing to report phenomenon occur.Have fast response time, detection range remote due to spectrum fire detector and
The features such as good environmental adaptability, so typically all carrying out detection using spectrum fire detector at present.
Combustion flame has various characteristics, such as the degree of heat, ionized state, the radiation of flame different parts, spectrum and fire
The pulsation of flame or scintillation, differential pressure, sound equipment etc., can be used to detect " having " or the "None" of flame.All of fuel combustion is all
A certain amount of ultraviolet and substantial amounts of infrared ray are radiated, and spectral region is related to infrared ray, visible ray and ultraviolet.Therefore, it is whole
Individual spectral region may serve to detect " having " or the "None" of flame.Due to different types of fuel, the radiation of its combustion flame
Light intensity is different, and the corresponding flame detecting element for using also can be different.It is, in general, that except containing not sending out in pulverized coal flame
The CO of light2Outside three atomic gas such as vapor, also burn thermoluminescent coke particle and carbon granule for part, and they radiate stronger
Infrared ray, visible ray and some ultraviolets, and ultraviolet tends to burned product and soot particle absorbs and is weakened quickly, because
This pulverized coal flame preferably uses visible ray or infrared ray flame detector.And in for the oily flame of radiator and igniting,
Except some CO2Outside vapor, also substantial amounts of luminous carbon black particle, it can also radiate stronger visible ray, infrared
Line and ultraviolet, therefore can be using being measured to the more sensitive detecting element of these three flames.And fuel gas is used as main combustion
During material burning, stronger ultraviolet is radiated in flame initial combustion area, can now be detected using ultraviolet flame detector.
In addition to bistable electromagnetic ripple is radiated, all of flame is in pulsatile change.For example, in the low-frequency range of 10-20Hz,
Coal dust and oil have fire and all very littles of the difference without scintillation intensity between fire；Coal dust has fire and without radiation intensity maximum difference between fire
The flicker frequency at place about 300Hz；Oil has fire and could will preferably realize inspection in 100Hz frequencies above without difference between fire
Survey.Relation between flicker frequency and radiation intensity depends on burner structure arrangement, detection method, fuel type, burner
Service condition and the factor such as viewing angle.In general：1) flame flicking frequency is higher in the initial combustion device of flame, so
Backward burnt zone reduces successively；2) detector is nearer away from flame initial combustion area, the radio-frequency component (100-400Hz) for detecting
It is stronger；3) detector probe visual angle is narrower, and detected flare up fire is truer；Vice versa.
Accordingly, it is desirable to provide it is a kind of based on flame combustion characteristic, with false alarm prevention characteristic high, high speed, height can be realized
The flame detector of sensitivity flame detecting.
The content of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of based on flame combustion radiation and pulsatile change characteristic, anti-with height
Wrong report characteristic, can realize high speed, the flame detector of high sensitivity flame detecting.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the utility model uses following technical proposals：
A kind of spectrum flame detector based on flicker frequency, the detector includes sensing unit, computing unit and treatment
Unit, wherein：
Sensing unit, including sense the radiation of first wave length and export the first radiation sensor of the first signal, and sensing
Infra-red radiation simultaneously exports the photosensitive sensor of secondary signal.First radiation sensor is used for the radiation signal of sensed characteristic wavelength simultaneously
The radiation signal is converted into electric signal output.The intensity of radiation signal and the linear positive correlation of the amplitude of electric signal, i.e. electric signal
Amplitude be used for reflect correspondence radiation signal intensity.Photosensitive sensor is used to sense the infrared signal of determinand radiation, and will
The infrared signal is converted into electric signal, can characterize the light intensity that photosensitive sensor is sensed.
Computing unit, determinand flicker frequency is calculated based on secondary signal.When carrying out flicker frequency calculating, can be according to light
The oscillogram of the infrared signal that sensitive sensor is sensed, calculates the time interval of adjacent/non-conterminous two crest/troughs, enters
One step calculates flicker frequency.
Processing unit, judges whether flame and sends alarm signal based on the first signal and determinand flicker frequency.
Preferably, first wave length is 4.4 microns.Any fuel, all can be visible to external radiation to some extent in burning
The light wave such as light and infrared ray.Fuel is different, and the optical band for giving off is just different.Burning condition is different, and Fire Radiation light wave is each
Detectability on wave band is also different.
In practice, produced naked light when hydrocarbon fire occurs, with its distinctive spectral characteristic.Burning things which may cause a fire disaster discharges
Energy major part energy concentrate on infrared band and different wave length infrared energy it is different.Near 4.4 microns of infrared portion
The curved convex part of appearance is known as CO2The CO of sympathetic response2Atomic group luminescent spectrum, it than other atoms in flame, molecule or
The wire or band spectrum that group is sent have definitely big radiation intensity.
According to flame spectrometry result, flame spectrum is the most obvious with the crest of 4.4 microns of centre wavelength, because of its energy width
Value highest, is conducive to improving detector sensitivity, and sunlight has a stronger absworption peak in this wave band, and common light exists
4.4 micron wave strong point amount of radiation are also very faint can be ignored.So be typically chosen 4.4 microns to be conducive to increasing as detection wave band
The antijamming capability of strong detector, improves reliability.
Preferably, photosensitive sensor is vulcanized lead sensor.Vulcanized lead (PbS) sensor includes lead sulfide photodetector,
It has very strong sensitiveness to infrared radiation.
Fuel is produced the infrared radiation of flicker by chemical reaction in burning, senses lead sulfide photodetector, is changed
Into after electric signal, then the treatment of amplified device, the analog quantity of 4-20mA or 0-10V is exported.In spectrum, ultrared wavelength is
More than 600nm, the spectral sensitivity of vulcanized lead sensor is 600nm-3000nm, all can be effective to most infrared radiation
Collection, while the feux rouges in also covering some visible light, so fully ensures that the authenticity for collecting flare up fire.
Preferably, when there is the first signal and determinand flicker frequency is more than first threshold, processing unit judges exist
Flame simultaneously sends alarm signal.First signal, when there is the first signal, illustrates determinand as the characteristic wavelength of combustion flame
With with flame characteristic wavelength identical wavelength to be measured.Further, if determinand flicker frequency is more than first threshold, process
The amplitude and flicker frequency of the light wave that unit is radiated according to determinand judge to have flame and send alarm signal.
Preferably, when determinand flicker frequency is more than first threshold and the first signal intensity is more than Second Threshold, treatment
There is flame and send alarm signal in unit judges.In practice in detection process, exist to be disturbed with characteristic wavelength phase co-wavelength and believe
Number possibility.In order to avoid the influence of interference signal, only meet the intensity that there is the first signal and signal and be more than first threshold
When, confirm that the first signal is present, illustrate that measured signal is combustion flame, judging unit judges there is combustion flame.If sensing
The signal intensity of the first signal be less than first threshold, then it is assumed that it is dry that first signal can not be used to excluding the interference signal
Disturb, i.e., can not illustrate whether the measured signal is combustion flame, flame detector needs further to be judged.
Preferably, computing unit is additionally operable to calculate flicker frequency rate of change based on determinand flicker frequency.Flame combustion
Flicker frequency can change with the change of combustion process.Usually, the flame combustion initial stage, flicker frequency constantly increases.Carry out
When flicker frequency rate of change is calculated, the ratio of the flicker frequency value twice of intervals, its numerical value and time interval is chosen
As flicker frequency rate of change.
It is further preferred that when there is the first signal and determinand flicker frequency rate of change is more than three threshold values, treatment
Unit judges in the presence of the burning initial stage flame and send alarm signal.By setting the 3rd threshold value, flicker frequency change can be excluded
The influence that rate wave zone comes, processing unit more accurately judges the flame that there is the burning initial stage and sends alarm signal.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows：
The spectrum flame detector based on flicker frequency in the utility model, by flicker frequency and characteristic wavelength spoke
Row comprehensive descision is injected, the influence of interference signal can be prevented effectively from, there is false alarm prevention characteristic high, Neng Goushi to the judgement of flame
Now at a high speed, highly sensitive flame detecting.
Brief description of the drawings
Specific embodiment of the present utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows the spectrum flame detector structure principle chart based on flicker frequency.
Specific embodiment
In order to illustrate more clearly of the utility model, the utility model is done into one with reference to preferred embodiments and drawings
The explanation of step.Similar part is indicated with identical reference in accompanying drawing.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that below
Specifically described content is illustrative and be not restrictive, and should not limit protection domain of the present utility model with this.
Embodiment 1
As shown in figure 1, a kind of spectrum flame detector based on flicker frequency, the detector includes sensing unit, calculates
Unit and processing unit.Sensing unit include sensing first wave length radiation and export the first signal the first radiation sensor and
Sense infra-red radiation and export the photosensitive sensor of secondary signal.The radiation that first radiation sensor is used for sensed characteristic wavelength is believed
Number and the radiation signal is converted into electric signal output.The intensity of radiation signal and the linear positive correlation of the amplitude of electric signal, i.e. electricity
The amplitude of signal is used to reflect the intensity of correspondence radiation signal.Photosensitive sensor is used to sense the infrared signal of determinand radiation,
And the infrared signal is converted into electric signal, the light intensity that photosensitive sensor is sensed can be characterized.Computing unit, based on the second letter
Number calculate determinand flicker frequency.When carrying out flicker frequency calculating, the infrared signal that can be sensed according to photosensitive sensor
Oscillogram, calculates the time interval of adjacent/non-conterminous two crest/troughs, further calculates flicker frequency.Treatment is single
Unit, judges whether flame and sends alarm signal based on the first signal and determinand flicker frequency.
Any fuel, all can the light wave such as outside radiating visible light and infrared ray to some extent in burning.Fuel is different,
The optical band for giving off is just different.Burning condition is different, and detectability of the Fire Radiation light wave on each wave band is also different.It is actual
In, hydrocarbon fire naked light produced when occurring, with its distinctive spectral characteristic.The energy of burning things which may cause a fire disaster release is most of
Energy concentrates on infrared band and the infrared energy of different wave length is different.4.4 microns of curves for nearby occurring of infrared portion are convex
Play part and be known as CO2The CO of sympathetic response2Atomic group luminescent spectrum, it is sent than other atoms, molecule or group in flame
Wire or band spectrum have definitely big radiation intensity.According to flame spectrometry result, flame spectrum is micro- with centre wavelength 4.4
The crest of rice is the most obvious, because of its energy magnitude highest, is conducive to improving detector sensitivity, and sunlight has in this wave band
One stronger absworption peak, common light can be ignored 4.4 micron wave strong point amount of radiation are also very faint.So being typically chosen
4.4 microns of antijamming capabilities for being conducive to strengthening detector as detection wave band, improve reliability.
Vulcanized lead (PbS) sensor includes lead sulfide photodetector, and it has very strong sensitiveness to infrared radiation.Combustion
Material is produced the infrared radiation of flicker by chemical reaction in burning, senses lead sulfide photodetector, is transformed into electric signal,
Again after amplified device treatment, the analog quantity of 4-20mA or 0-10V is exported.In spectrum, ultrared wavelength is more than 600nm,
The spectral sensitivity of vulcanized lead sensor is 600nm-3000nm, and most infrared radiation all can be gathered effectively, while
The feux rouges in some visible light is also covered, the authenticity for collecting flare up fire is so fully ensured that.
In the present embodiment, first wave length is 4.4 microns, and photosensitive sensor is vulcanized lead sensor.
When being judged, when there is the first signal and determinand flicker frequency is more than first threshold, processing unit judges
There is flame and send alarm signal.First signal as combustion flame characteristic wavelength, when exist the first signal when, explanation is treated
Surveying thing has and flame characteristic wavelength identical wavelength to be measured.Further, if determinand flicker frequency is more than first threshold,
The amplitude and flicker frequency of the light wave that processing unit is radiated according to determinand judge to have flame and send alarm signal.
Embodiment 2
As shown in figure 1, a kind of spectrum flame detector based on flicker frequency, the detector includes sensing unit, calculates
Unit and processing unit.Sensing unit include sensing first wave length radiation and export the first signal the first radiation sensor and
Sense infra-red radiation and export the photosensitive sensor of secondary signal.The radiation that first radiation sensor is used for sensed characteristic wavelength is believed
Number and the radiation signal is converted into electric signal output.The intensity of radiation signal and the linear positive correlation of the amplitude of electric signal, i.e. electricity
The amplitude of signal is used to reflect the intensity of correspondence radiation signal.Photosensitive sensor is used to sense the infrared signal of determinand radiation,
And the infrared signal is converted into electric signal, the light intensity that photosensitive sensor is sensed can be characterized.Computing unit, based on the second letter
Number calculate determinand flicker frequency.When carrying out flicker frequency calculating, the infrared signal that can be sensed according to photosensitive sensor
Oscillogram, calculates the time interval of adjacent/non-conterminous two crest/troughs, further calculates flicker frequency.Treatment is single
Unit, judges whether flame and sends alarm signal based on the first signal and determinand flicker frequency.In the present embodiment, first
Wavelength is 4.4 microns, and photosensitive sensor is vulcanized lead sensor.
When being judged, when determinand flicker frequency is more than first threshold and the first signal intensity is more than Second Threshold,
Processing unit judges to have flame and sends alarm signal.In practice in detection process, exist dry with characteristic wavelength phase co-wavelength
Disturb the possibility of signal.In order to avoid the influence of interference signal, only meet the intensity that there is the first signal and signal and be more than first
During threshold value, confirm that the first signal is present, illustrate that measured signal is combustion flame, judging unit judges there is combustion flame.If sense
The signal intensity of the first signal for measuring is less than first threshold, then it is assumed that first signal can not be used for what is excluded the interference signal
Interference, i.e., can not illustrate whether the measured signal is combustion flame, and flame detector needs further to be judged.
Embodiment 3
As shown in figure 1, a kind of spectrum flame detector based on flicker frequency, the detector includes sensing unit, calculates
Unit and processing unit.Sensing unit include sensing first wave length radiation and export the first signal the first radiation sensor and
Sense infra-red radiation and export the photosensitive sensor of secondary signal.The radiation that first radiation sensor is used for sensed characteristic wavelength is believed
Number and the radiation signal is converted into electric signal output.The intensity of radiation signal and the linear positive correlation of the amplitude of electric signal, i.e. electricity
The amplitude of signal is used to reflect the intensity of correspondence radiation signal.Photosensitive sensor is used to sense the infrared signal of determinand radiation,
And the infrared signal is converted into electric signal, the light intensity that photosensitive sensor is sensed can be characterized.Computing unit, based on the second letter
Number calculate determinand flicker frequency.When carrying out flicker frequency calculating, the infrared signal that can be sensed according to photosensitive sensor
Oscillogram, calculates the time interval of adjacent/non-conterminous two crest/troughs, further calculates flicker frequency.Treatment is single
Unit, judges whether flame and sends alarm signal based on the first signal and determinand flicker frequency.In the present embodiment, first
Wavelength is 4.4 microns, and photosensitive sensor is vulcanized lead sensor.
When being judged, when there is the first signal and determinand flicker frequency rate of change is more than three threshold values, treatment is single
Unit judges the flame in the presence of the burning initial stage and sends alarm signal.By setting the 3rd threshold value, flicker frequency change can be excluded
The influence that rate wave zone comes, processing unit more accurately judges the flame that there is the burning initial stage and sends alarm signal.
The spectrum flame detector based on flicker frequency in the present embodiment with interfering signal to having extremely strong being immunized
Ability, rate of false alarm is zero：
1st, the sunshine of direct projection or reflection；
2nd, power is 100 watts of Chinese herbaceous peony headlamp at 200 meters of distance；
3rd, riflery flame at 300 meters of distance；
4th, power is the heat radiation of 500 watts of air-heater at 400 meters of distance；
5th, power is 200 watts of infrared spotlight radiation at 500 meters of distance；
6th, current strength is the arclight of 200 peaces at 500 meters of distance.
Obviously, above-described embodiment of the present utility model is only intended to clearly illustrate the utility model example, and
It is not the restriction to implementation method of the present utility model, for those of ordinary skill in the field, in described above
On the basis of can also make other changes in different forms, all of implementation method cannot be exhaustive here,
It is every to belong to the obvious change or change still in of the present utility model that the technical solution of the utility model extends out
The row of protection domain.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of spectrum flame detector based on flicker frequency, it is characterised in that the detector includes
Sensing unit, including sense the radiation of first wave length and export the first radiation sensor of the first signal, and sense infrared
Radiate and export the photosensitive sensor of secondary signal；
Computing unit, determinand flicker frequency is calculated based on the secondary signal；
Processing unit, judges whether flame and sends alarm signal based on first signal and determinand flicker frequency.
2. spectrum flame detector according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the first wave length is 4.4 microns.
3. spectrum flame detector according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the photosensitive sensor is vulcanized lead sensing
Device.
4. spectrum flame detector according to claim 1, it is characterised in that when there is the first signal and determinand flashes
When frequency is more than first threshold, processing unit judges to have flame and sends alarm signal.
5. spectrum flame detector according to claim 1, it is characterised in that when determinand flicker frequency is more than the first threshold
Value and when the first signal intensity is more than Second Threshold, processing unit judges there is flame and send alarm signal.
6. spectrum flame detector according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the computing unit is additionally operable to based on described
Determinand flicker frequency calculates flicker frequency rate of change.
7. spectrum flame detector according to claim 6, it is characterised in that when there is the first signal and determinand flashes
When frequency change rate is more than three threshold values, processing unit judges the flame in the presence of the burning initial stage and sends alarm signal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621387146.7U CN206292939U (en) | 2016-12-16 | 2016-12-16 | A kind of spectrum flame detector based on flicker frequency |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621387146.7U CN206292939U (en) | 2016-12-16 | 2016-12-16 | A kind of spectrum flame detector based on flicker frequency |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN206292939U true CN206292939U (en) | 2017-06-30 |
Family
ID=59104654
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621387146.7U Active CN206292939U (en) | 2016-12-16 | 2016-12-16 | A kind of spectrum flame detector based on flicker frequency |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN206292939U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110874907A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2020-03-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Flame identification method based on spectrum camera |
| CN111288484A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2020-06-16 | 西门子股份公司 | Flame monitor |
-
2016
- 2016-12-16 CN CN201621387146.7U patent/CN206292939U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110874907A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2020-03-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Flame identification method based on spectrum camera |
| CN111288484A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2020-06-16 | 西门子股份公司 | Flame monitor |
| US11105509B2 (en) | 2018-12-06 | 2021-08-31 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Flame monitor |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US11002675B2 (en) | System and method of smoke detection using multiple wavelengths of light | |
| US4553031A (en) | Optical fire or explosion detection system and method | |
| WO2005043479A1 (en) | Improvement(s) related to particle monitors and method(s) therefor | |
| CN106768330B (en) | A kind of flame detecting device based on spectrum | |
| CN206292939U (en) | A kind of spectrum flame detector based on flicker frequency | |
| US10126164B2 (en) | Flame sensing | |
| CN202033865U (en) | Ultraviolet and infrared composite flame detector | |
| WO2006125936A1 (en) | A flame detector and a method | |
| US20180059008A1 (en) | System and method of smoke detection using multiple wavelengths of light and multiple sensors | |
| CN105354974A (en) | Flame detection method based on three-wavelength infrared flame detector | |
| CN110009863A (en) | A kind of vertical double light path smoke detection labyrinth and its detection method | |
| EP2571001B1 (en) | Flame detector using optical sensing | |
| Jones | Flame failure detection and modern boilers | |
| CN202195883U (en) | High-speed ultraviolet flame detector | |
| CN109979154A (en) | Vertical double light path smoke detection labyrinth and its detection method | |
| US5594421A (en) | Method and detector for detecting a flame | |
| GB2372317A (en) | Infrared flame detection sensor | |
| CN206248213U (en) | A kind of flame detecting device based on spectrum | |
| US4051375A (en) | Discriminating flame detector | |
| CN206249521U (en) | A kind of false alarm prevention spectrum flame detector | |
| US4639605A (en) | Fire sensor device | |
| CA2553847C (en) | Method and apparatus for optical detection of hydrogen-fueled flames | |
| CN206726406U (en) | A kind of multispectral flame detector of pinpoint accuracy | |
| JP3524412B2 (en) | Burner combustion diagnostic device | |
| CN109682475A (en) | A kind of wooden dust flame detecting device and method based on potassium element |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |