CN206281471U - A kind of angle block gauge towards conical surface measurement - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an angle gauge facing a cone surface measurement. The angle gauge is a measuring device facing a hole-shaped workpiece with a cone surface structure. The inside of the device is mainly composed of pneumatic measuring heads T ₁ , T ₂ , and T ₃ , T ₄ , T ₅ , electric probe T ₆ , motor, proximity switch and displacement sensor, which can be used to measure the inclination angle of the cone surface, the width of the cone surface and the straightness. During measurement, the motor drives the measuring head _T6 back and forth once, and T5 moves up and down _along the direction perpendicular to _T6 , and the displacement sensor feeds back the moving distance of the measuring head, and uses these data to calculate the required size and tolerance. The utility model can effectively calculate the angle, width and straightness of the conical surface, realize automatic measurement and calculation, and has high precision, thereby reducing errors caused by human factors.

Description

An Angle Gauge Facing Cone Surface Measurement

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of precision measurement, and specifically refers to an angle gauge facing a cone surface for measurement.

Background technique

The cone surface of a hole is a very common structure. In the fields of processing, manufacturing and assembly, it is often necessary to measure various parameters of the cone surface to meet various technical requirements. However, due to structural limitations, the inclination angle of the cone surface is usually difficult to measure. Or the measurement method is relatively complicated, especially in the field of high precision, it is difficult to obtain a value with high precision. At the same time, the existing measurement methods are mainly based on manual measurement and calculation, lacking an automatic calculation method. On the one hand, this measurement method increases labor costs and time costs, and on the other hand, it is easy to cause measurement errors due to human factors.

There are some invention patents for angle gauge devices, most of which focus on mechanical structures and are used in some special occasions. The utility model name "angle gauge" (patent application number: 201220415913.6) focuses on saving a lot of calibration and centering time in processing workpieces, and also improves the processing quality of workpieces; the utility model name "angle gauge for inspecting steel sheet piles" (Patent Application No.: 201320061193.2) is used to test the angle of steel sheet piles; the utility model name "Moveable Adjustable Angle Gauge" (Patent Application No.: 200920250784.8) adopts a structure with adjustable measuring plate positions, which realizes a gauge with multiple functions and focuses on To improve the utilization rate of angle gauges, avoid the accumulation of angle gauges, and avoid the waste of materials and sites; the utility model name "a kind of verticality angle gauge for concrete specimens" (patent application number: 200820225405.5) focuses on concrete specimens Measure the angle between adjacent surfaces; the invention patent "angle gauge with lighting device" (patent application number: 201210096952.9) focuses on reading the scale data of the angle gauge in a dark environment. However, the angle gauges involved in these patents are purely manual measuring devices, and are difficult to be used in high-precision occasions.

With the development of the times and the advancement of technology, the traditional measurement method is no longer suitable for the modern intelligent manufacturing field. There is an urgent need for a fully automatic, high-precision angle gauge device to measure the conical surface, thereby improving the measurement accuracy and Measure efficiency.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the utility model provides an angle gauge oriented to the measurement of the cone surface, which is specially oriented to the measurement of the cone surface of the hole-shaped workpiece, and can be used to measure the inclination angle of the cone surface, the width of the cone surface and the straightness. It can effectively calculate the angle, width and straightness of the conical surface, realize automatic measurement and calculation, and has high precision, thereby reducing errors caused by human factors.

The utility model adopts the following technical scheme: an angle gauge facing the cone surface measurement, mainly including a cross pneumatic measuring head, a pneumatic measuring head, an electric measuring head, a gauge body cover, a screw rod, a motor, a transition plate, a handle, a torsion-resistant Wire fixing head, straight handle sensor, clamping block, proximity switch, sensor sleeve and wedge block; it is characterized in that: the twist-resistant wire fixing head is connected to the handle, the handle is connected to the gauge cover, and the handle and the gauge cover have built-in hollow cavity, the handle communicates with the cavity of the gauge cover, and the pneumatic measuring head, electric measuring head, screw mandrel, motor, transition plate, straight handle sensor, clamping block, proximity switch, sensor sleeve and wedge block are arranged on the handle Inside the gauge body cover, the lower end of the gauge body cover is set to connect the shaft of the angle gauge device, the bottom of the shaft of the angle gauge device is provided with four crossed pneumatic measuring heads, the end of the shaft of the angle gauge device is connected to the screw rod, and the screw rod is equipped with a pneumatic measuring head. The pneumatic measuring head is equipped with an electric measuring head, the top of the screw rod is connected to the motor, the middle of the screw rod is connected to a wedge-shaped block, the side of the wedge-shaped block is provided with an inductor cover, the sensor cover is connected to a proximity switch, and a straight handle sensor is placed on the top of the wedge-shaped block , the left and right sides of the straight handle sensor are provided with transition plates and clamping blocks.

There are four cross-pneumatic probes in the utility model, which are respectively cross-pneumatic probe T ₁ , cross-pneumatic probe T ₂ , cross-pneumatic probe T ₃ , and cross-pneumatic probe T ₄ , which are located at the bottom of the axis of the angle gauge device , T ₁ and T ₂ are located at the same height, T ₃ and T ₄ are located at the same height, and they are separated by a certain distance, which is used to measure the deflection angle of the shaft of the angle gauge device. The calculation method is: get the eccentricity of the upper half of the shaft, and Subtract the eccentric distance of the lower half of the shaft, and then use the trigonometric function relationship to obtain the deflection angle.

The electric measuring head _T6 described in the utility model is parallel to the straight line offset by ₄₅ ° from the vertical direction, the pneumatic measuring head T5 is perpendicular to the direction of _T6 , the pneumatic measuring head T5 is arranged _on the screw rod, and the motor drives the screw rod so that T ₆ goes back and forth along the axis, and T ₅ goes back and forth with T ₆ along the vertical axis.

There is a contact switch on the top of the measurement module of the utility model, which is covered with a sensor sleeve. When the motor drives the measuring head _T6 to return, when the proximity switch senses a metal object above the measuring head, the proximity switch is triggered and an I/O signal is sent. Stop the motor.

There is a wedge-shaped block in the angle gauge of the utility model driven by the screw rod, and the motor drives the screw rod to rotate, and at the same time drives the wedge-shaped block to move, and the straight handle displacement sensor is placed on the wedge-shaped block, so that the sensor moves up and down.

A method for measuring an angle gauge oriented to cone surface measurement, characterized in that:

(1) When measuring, place the angle gauge vertically in the hole, adjust the height of the module where the pneumatic probe _T5 and the electric probe _T6 are located to the bottom of the cone, and start the device;

(2) According to the displacement feedback of the cross pneumatic probe T ₁ , cross pneumatic probe T ₂ , cross pneumatic probe T ₃ , and cross pneumatic probe T ₄ , the distance from the axis to both sides of the hole is obtained, and the axis of the angle gauge device is calculated. The deflection angle, and then the motor drives the electric probe T ₆ to climb up from the bottom of the cone along the direction of vertical offset of 45°;

( ₃ ) At the same time, the pneumatic probe T5 moves up and down continuously and rapidly along the direction perpendicular to the electric probe _T6 , so as to record the coordinate positions of continuous points on the cone surface, and use these data to adjust the inclination angle of the cone surface , width and straightness are calculated.

The calculation method of the conical surface inclination angle described in the utility model is:

(1) The electric probe T ₆ climbs upwards from the bottom of the cone surface, and the probe T ₅ moves up and down rapidly along its own axis while moving with T _6. The axis direction of T ₆ is set as the x-axis, and the axis direction of T ₅ is set as the y-axis ;

(2) According to the feedback data of the displacement sensor, the coordinate positions of the continuous points on the cone surface can be known, and the continuous points can be drawn on the coordinate axis to obtain the shape curve of the cone surface, and the continuous points on the cone surface can be fitted into a straight line by the least square method to obtain The slope of the straight line is used to obtain the preliminary inclination angle of the slope;

(3) Due to external factors such as compressive stress, the graph drawn between the measured conical surface and the adjacent conical surface is an arc, and the points on the arc have little influence on the measurement results, so the arc is ignored when fitting the least squares method Combining with the deflection angle of the axis of the angle gauge, the inclination angle of the inclined plane can be obtained.

The measuring and calculating method of the tapered surface width described in the utility model is:

(1) Find the boundary line between the measured cone surface and the bordering cone surface. On the drawn coordinate axis, it is the intersection point of the measured cone surface curve and the bordering cone surface curve. The distance between the two intersection points is the width of the cone surface. The continuous points on the measured cone surface and the continuous points on the two adjacent cone surfaces are respectively fitted into three straight lines by the method of least squares;

( ₂ ) Since the probe T5 is spherical, and the moving direction of the probe is not perpendicular to the cone surface, there will be a systematic error, that is, the real cone surface position is outside the drawn cone surface, and it needs to be corrected. The correction method is to set a straight line The slope is k, the probe radius is r, then the straight line is translated r/cos(tan ^-1 k) along the y-axis, and three new straight lines are obtained after correction, and two intersection points are obtained, and the distance between the two intersection points is the width of the cone .

The method for measuring and calculating the straightness of the cone surface described in the utility model is: connect two points with the largest value in the y-axis direction among the continuous points on the measured cone surface, and pass the point with the lowest value in the y-axis direction as a parallel line to the previously connected straight line, The distance between the two parallel lines in the y-axis direction is the measured straightness. All measurement data is fed back to the client, and the client writes a calculation program for unified calculation to obtain the final value.

The utility model has the advantages that: it is specially oriented to the measurement of the cone surface of the hole-shaped workpiece, which can be used to measure the inclination angle of the cone surface, the width and straightness of the cone surface, and can effectively calculate the angle, width and straightness of the cone surface, realizing fully automatic It is measured and has high precision, thereby reducing errors caused by human factors.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front sectional view of the angle gauge facing the cone surface measurement of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a measurement and calculation flow chart of the angle gauge for surface-phase-cone measurement of the utility model.

In the figure, 1, 2, 3, 4 are cross pneumatic probes, 5 are pneumatic probes, 6 are electric probes, 7 are gauge covers, 8 are screw rods, 9 are motors, 10 are transition plates, 11 Be a handle, 12 is a torsion-resistant type wire fixing head, 13 is a straight handle sensor, 14 is a clamping block, 15 is a proximity switch, 16 is an inductor cover, and 17 is a wedge block.

detailed description

The utility model provides an angle gauge facing a conical surface measurement. The embodiments of the utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that the advantages and characteristics of the utility model can be more easily understood.

As shown in Figure 1, an angle gauge facing the measurement of the cone surface mainly includes a crossed pneumatic probe (1-4), a pneumatic probe 5, an electric probe 6, a gauge cover 7, a screw rod 8, a motor 9, Transition plate 10, handle 11, twist-resistant wire fixing head 12, straight handle sensor 13, clamping block 14, proximity switch 15, sensor sleeve 16 and wedge block 17; it is characterized in that: twist-resistant wire fixing head 12 is connected Handle 11, handle 11 is connected gauge body cover 7, described handle 11 and gauge body cover 7 built-in cavities, handle 11 and the cavity Unicom of gauge body cover 7, described pneumatic probe 5, electric probe 6, screw mandrel 8. Motor 9, transition plate 10, straight handle sensor 13, clamping 14 pieces, proximity switch 15, sensor cover 16 and wedge block 17 are arranged in the handle 11 and the gauge cover 7, and the lower end of the gauge cover 7 is provided with a connection angle Gauge device shaft, four crossed pneumatic probes (1-4) are arranged at the bottom of the angle gauge device shaft, the tail end of the angle gauge device shaft is connected to the screw rod 8, the screw rod 8 is provided with a pneumatic probe 5, and the pneumatic probe 5 is An electric measuring head 6 is provided, the top of the screw rod 8 is connected to the motor 9, the middle of the screw rod 8 is connected with a wedge-shaped block 17, and one side of the wedge-shaped block 17 is provided with an inductor cover 16, and the sensor cover 16 is connected with a proximity switch 15, and the wedge-shaped block 17, a straight handle sensor 13 is placed on the top, and the left and right sides of the straight handle sensor 13 are provided with a transition plate 10 and a clamping block 14.

The shown cross pneumatic probes (1, 2, 3, 4) are used to measure the deflection angle of the axis of the angle gauge device. , 4) Displacement feedback to get the distance from the axis to both sides of the hole, so as to calculate the deflection angle of the axis of the angle gauge device.

The pneumatic probe 5 and the electric probe 6 are the main part of the measurement. The motor 9 drives the screw rod 8 to rotate, so that the probe 6 climbs up from the bottom of the cone along the vertical offset of 45°. At the same time, the pneumatic probe 5 Continuously moving up and down along the direction perpendicular to the measuring head 6, the wedge block 17 drives the straight handle sensor 13 to move along the axis, thereby recording the coordinate positions of continuous points on the cone surface.

The twist-proof wire fixing head 12 is used to fix and protect the wires that provide power and transmit signals. The proximity switch 15 and the sensor cover 16 are used to stop the motor, and when the sensor cover on the proximity switch senses the metal object above the measuring head, the proximity switch is triggered and the I/0 signal is sent to stop the motor. The transition board 10 isolates the heating phenomenon during power transmission, and the connectors are connected with the wires for power supply and data transmission.

As shown in Figure 1-2, the measurement method of the angle gauge will be described in detail below by taking the measurement of the cylinder head as an example:

(1) Place the angle gauge vertically in the cylinder head hole, and adjust the height of the modules where the probes 5 and 6 are located to the bottom of the cone surface, start the device, first measure the deflection angle of the axis of the angle gauge device, and set the probe 1, The measured distances of 2, 3, and 4 are T ₁ , T ₂ , T ₃ , T ₄ , to get the eccentricity of the upper half of the shaft, Get the eccentricity of the lower half of the shaft, and subtract the two to get:

Record T ₁ +T ₄ as P ₁ , T ₂ +T ₃ as P ₂ , then the deflection angle Where d is the distance between T ₁ and T ₃ on the horizontal plane.

(2) Probe 6 climbs up from the bottom of the cone surface, and probe 5 moves up and down rapidly along its own axis while moving with 6. The axis direction of probe 6 is set as x-axis, and the axis direction of probe 5 is set as y-axis. The feedback data of the displacement sensor can know the coordinate position of the continuous point on the cone surface, draw the continuous point on the coordinate axis, the shape curve of the cone surface can be obtained, and use the least square method to fit the continuous point on the cone surface into a straight line, and obtain the slope k of the straight line , get the initial slope angle β=90°+tan ^-1 k, due to external factors such as compressive stress, the graph drawn between the measured cone surface and the adjacent cone surface is an arc, and the points on the arc are measured The effect of the result is very small, so the point on the arc is ignored when the least square method is fitted, and the inclination angle of the inclined plane can be obtained by combining the deflection angle of the axis of the angle gauge as γ=α+β.

(3) Find the boundary line between the measured conical surface and the adjacent conical surface. On the drawn coordinate axis, it is the intersection of the measured conical surface curve and the adjacent conical surface curve. The distance between the two intersection points is the width of the conical surface. The least square method is used to fit the continuous points on the measured conical surface and the continuous points on the two adjacent conical surfaces into three straight lines respectively. Since the probe 5 is spherical and the moving direction of the probe is not perpendicular to the cone surface, a system will be generated. The error, that is, the position of the real cone surface is outside the drawn cone surface, and needs to be corrected. The correction method is as follows: set the slope of the straight line as k, and the radius of the probe as r, then the straight line translates upward along the y-axis by r/cos(tan ^-1 k ), after correction, three new straight lines are obtained, and two intersection points are obtained, and the distance between the two intersection points is the width a of the cone surface.

(4) Connect the two points with the largest value in the y-axis direction among the consecutive points on the measured cone surface, and draw a parallel line to the previously connected straight line through the point with the lowest value in the y-axis direction, and the distance between the two parallel lines in the y-axis direction The distance is the measured straightness.

The above descriptions are preferred implementation modes of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model in any form. It should be noted that, without departing from the spirit and essence of the present utility model, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and deformations according to the present utility model, but these changes and deformations should all belong to this utility model. The scope of protection of the appended claims of the new model.

It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, no matter from all points of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, so it is intended to fall within the scope of the claims All changes within the meaning and range of equivalents of the required elements are included in the present invention. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to implementation modes, not each implementation mode only contains an independent technical solution, and this description in the specification is only for clarity, and those skilled in the art should take the specification as a whole , the technical solutions in the various embodiments can also be properly combined to form other implementations that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (3)

1. An angle gauge for conical surface measurement, mainly including a crossed pneumatic probe, a pneumatic probe, an electric probe, a gauge cover, a screw, a motor, a transition plate, a handle, a torsion-resistant wire fixing head, and a straight handle Sensor, clamping block, proximity switch, sensor sleeve and wedge block; characterized in that: the twist-resistant wire fixing head is connected to the handle, the handle is connected to the gauge body cover, the handle and the gauge body cover have a built-in cavity, the handle and the gauge body The cavity of the cover is connected, and the pneumatic probe, electric probe, screw, motor, transition plate, straight handle sensor, clamping block, proximity switch, sensor sleeve and wedge block are arranged in the handle and the gauge cover, The lower end of the gauge cover is provided with an angle gauge device shaft, and four crossed pneumatic measuring heads are arranged at the bottom of the angle gauge device shaft. Measuring head, the top of the screw rod is connected to the motor, the middle of the screw rod is connected with a wedge-shaped block, one side of the wedge-shaped block is provided with an inductor sleeve, the sensor sleeve is connected to a proximity switch, a straight handle sensor is placed on the top of the wedge-shaped block, and the left and right sides of the straight handle sensor A transition plate and a clamping block are provided. 2. According to claim 1, an angle gauge facing the measurement of a cone surface, characterized in that: there are four cross-pneumatic probes, namely cross-pneumatic probe T ₁ , cross-pneumatic probe T ₂ , cross-pneumatic probe The measuring head T ₃ and the cross pneumatic measuring head T ₄ are located at the bottom of the axis of the angle gauge device, T ₁ and T ₂ are located at the same height, T ₃ and T ₄ are located at the same height, and there is a certain distance between them. 3. A kind of angle gauge facing the cone surface measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electric measuring head is parallel to the straight line offset by 45° from the vertical direction, the pneumatic measuring head is perpendicular to the direction of the electric measuring head, The pneumatic measuring head is set on the screw rod.