CN206247877U - A kind of graphite electrode in graphite vacuum furnace - Google Patents
A kind of graphite electrode in graphite vacuum furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN206247877U CN206247877U CN201621361646.3U CN201621361646U CN206247877U CN 206247877 U CN206247877 U CN 206247877U CN 201621361646 U CN201621361646 U CN 201621361646U CN 206247877 U CN206247877 U CN 206247877U
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Abstract
A kind of graphite electrode in graphite vacuum furnace, the graphite electrode is made up of four graphite members, it is electrode cylinder wherein to have three parts, another part is that electrode cylinder connects lid, electrode cylinder is the cylinder for being provided with upper and lower two circular hole connected in stars, electrode cylinder connection lid is to be provided with three cylindrical tongue circular covers, cylindrical tongue is evenly distributed for circumference, described graphite electrode is arranged in graphite vacuum furnace, the upper circular hole connected in star of each electrode cylinder is connected the cylindrical tongue connection of lid with electrode cylinder during work, three electrode cylinders are each passed through three electrode holes of evaporating pan, evaporating pan is heated.Graphite electrode of the present utility model has the advantages that simple structure, easy to process, calorific capacity be strong, thermal radiation capability is big, is the ideal electrode that graphite vacuum furnace moves towards maximization.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to a kind of vacuum metallurgy equipment, specifically a kind of graphite electricity in graphite vacuum furnace
Pole.
Background technology
During metal smelt, particularly in non-ferrous metal fire reduction smelting process, the crude metal product for obtaining,
Other different metals are often liquefied, such as iron, lead, silver is liquefied in thick tin, copper, cadmium, lead are liquefied in crude zinc, melted in lead bullion
Silver, tin, zinc are solved.Crude metal product needed is refined, and sloughs impurity element therein, can just finally give product.Thick
During refining of metal, there is physical method removal of impurities, also there is chemical method removal of impurities, liquation process, condensation method, crystallisation, zone refining
Method, way of distillation etc. belong to physical method, add reagent method, electrolysis, oxidizing process, reducing process etc. to belong to chemical method.
Separated is the one kind in physical method, and boiling-point difference is there is using metal different in crude metal product,
Separated is carried out under vacuum state, separation metal, the purpose of output certified products is reached, such as pyrogenic process crude zinc passes through lead tower and cadmium tower
After separated, the impurity elements, the qualified zinc ingot metal product of output such as lead, cadmium, copper, iron, tin, indium in crude zinc can be separated.According to
The temperature of crude metal boiling point, separated can be carried out at ambient pressure, it is also possible to be carried out under vacuo, and the boiling point of such as zinc is relatively low,
Carry out at ambient pressure, and the boiling point of tin is higher, can select to be carried out under vacuum.Vacuum distillation is separated has that site environment is good, gold
The advantages of category loss is less, floor space is small, fund input is saved, is the development trend of metal separated, but due to vacuum distillation
Separation is to carry out under vacuum, and furnace pressure is very big with stove external pressure difference, and equipment needs to bear very big pressure, which dictates that
The external dimensions of vacuum distillation furnace can not possibly be too big, therefore equipment capacity is the master for limiting vacuum distillation furnace development and popularization and application
Want one of bottleneck.
Graphite vacuum retort, abbreviation graphite vacuum furnace, because graphite has, fusing point is high, boiling point is high, conductive and heat-conductive ability
Good, high temperature stability is strong, be easily worked, it is cheap the advantages of, and oxidation resistance and self-strength are moderate, are vacuum
The ideal material of retort structural member, the core component of graphite vacuum furnace is Graphite Machining Piece, such as heating electrode, evaporating pan,
Condensate pans, catch tray etc..During work, by graphite electricity cylinder, there is resistance and form resistance heating, graphite electricity post in electric cylinder to electric current
Resistance is small, electric current is big, in a short time can the very big heat of output, and with radiation mode direct heat transfer give evaporating pan heat,
Therefore, graphite vacuum furnace heat utilization efficiency is higher, and small size vacuum stove reaches 40% in, and Middle-Sized Vacuum Furnace reaches more than 50%, greatly
Type vacuum drying oven can reach more than 60%；Further, since distillation is carried out under vacuum, gaseous pressure is low, increases liquid
With the vapor pressure differential of gas, the speed of evaporation of metal separation is accelerated, therefore, although the equipment of graphite vacuum furnace is smaller,
Efficiency is larger, and such as 1 processes 20 tons of vacuum drying ovens of scolding tin, including its auxiliary device daily, and total floor space is less than 30 square metres.
At present in the graphite vacuum furnace of industrial production application, although having, the thermal efficiency is high, metal loss is small, site environment good
Advantage；But the maximization of equipment is restricted, main cause is that a heating electrode, a hair are only set in vacuum drying oven
Thermode, a thermal Finite being to provide, two is the radiant heating limited area to graphite evaporating pan, and three is three electricity of electrode
Stream phase body is gathered on a cylinder, processed complex, it is impossible to realize large electrode overall processing.The big shape of equipment is restricted,
Both equipment capacity and labor productivity had been reduced, human and material resources and financial resources consumption had virtually been increased, which also limits graphite
The further lifting of vacuum drying oven all technical and economic indicator.
The content of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of graphite electrode in graphite vacuum furnace, using of the present invention
Graphite electrode, have the advantages that simple structure, easy to process, calorific capacity be strong, thermal radiation capability is big, graphite vacuum can be made
Stove improves equipment capacity, improve production efficiency, reduces production cost, reduces energy resource consumption.
The utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose：A kind of graphite electricity in graphite vacuum furnace
Pole, including three electrode cylinders and electrode cylinder connection lid, concrete structure and annexation are：
Three electrode cylinders are the cylinder for being provided with upper and lower two circular hole connected in stars, and electrode cylinder connection lid is to set
There are three circular covers of cylindrical tongue, the cylindrical cavities at electrode cylinder lower end center are lower circular hole connected in star, electrode column
The cylindrical cavities of body upper end center are upper circular hole connected in star, and upper circular hole connected in star is not connected with lower circular hole connected in star, electrode column
The body connection side of covering is circular cover, and circular cover outer lower section is provided with three cylindrical tongues being circumferentially evenly distributed,
During work, the upper circular hole connected in star of each electrode cylinder is connected the cylindrical tongues of three for covering with electrode cylinder and connects respectively, shape
Into graphite electrode.
The graphite electrode is made up of four parts, wherein having three parts for electrode cylinder, another part is electricity
Pole body connection lid, each part is graphite overall structure.
The electrode cylinder is three, and three electrode column structures are identical, electrode cylinder 1000~3000mm high, overall diameter
100~300mm.
300~1000kVA of electrode rated power.
Vacuum in graphite vacuum furnace is 5~500Pa.
Operation principle and process：
In graphite vacuum furnace, three electrode cylinder lower end circle hole shape groove parts of graphite electrode are inserted respectively into three
In electric level bus metallic conduction head, an appropriate number of evaporating pan is then passed through into three electrode cylinders from bottom to top, then by electricity
Three cylindrical tongues of pole body connection lid are inserted respectively into three electrode cylinders, and finally in electrode cylinder lower end, circle hole shape is recessed
Groove and the junction of metallic conduction head and electrode cylinder upper end circular hole connected in star and the junction for being connected the cylindrical tongue of lid, add
The high boiling gun-metal of low melting point or tin ferroalloy.When three phase mains is input into, three-phase current passes through three electricity respectively first
Pole bus metallic conduction head, then flows separately through three electrode cylinders, then by tin copper by gun-metal or tin ferroalloy
Alloy or tin ferroalloy flow through the cylindrical tongue of connection lid, finally converge at connection lid center, complete three-phase current and connect.Work as electricity
When stream flows through electrode cylinder, because electrode cylinder has resistance, electric energy is converted to heat energy, and electrode cylinder sends very big heat, and
Heat is passed into evaporating pan with radiation mode, evaporating pan is subject to the radiant heating temperature of electrode cylinder to rise, and by major part
Heat is conducted to the crude metal liquid in evaporating pan, and crude metal fluid temperature also follows rising, makes low boiling in crude metal liquid
Metallic element preferential volatilization in gas phase, high boiling metallic element continues to retain in a liquid in crude metal liquid, triggers
The separated of crude metal alloy.
Outstanding advantages of the present utility model are：
(1), simple structure, easy to process.Existing graphite vacuum furnace, three phase electrodes are with design in a graphite cylinder
In vivo, complex structure, because graphite is very crisp, is easily broken, and difficulty of processing is big, and percent defective is high during processing, and keeing and storeing,
Handling, transport, install, using and maintenance process in, be very easy to damage or damage, cause electrode machining part expensive.This
Electrode is split as four parts by invention, and heating electrode column body is a simple cylinder, and connection lid is three circles of a band
The cover plate of keyhole-shaped recess, the structure of each part is very simple, is easily worked, high yield rate, and in keep and store, handling, fortune
It is defeated, install, using and maintenance process in, it is not easy to damage or damage, effectively reduce the price of electrode machining part.
(2), calorific capacity is strong, thermal radiation capability is big.Due to the utility model simple structure, handling ease, therefore, it is possible to
The bigger electrode of processing and fabricating；In addition, three electrodes are separately positioned on three independent electrode cylinders, electrode cylinder itself
Volume becomes big, and the surface area of electrode cylinder also becomes big, and so, electrode cylinder can be by bigger electric current, by more electric energy
Heat energy is converted to, electrode cylinder calorific capacity is strong, while also more heats can be passed to evaporating pan by surface emissivity,
Thermal radiation capability is big.Because calorific capacity is strong, thermal radiation capability it is big, therefore, it can in the larger graphite vacuum furnace of power,
Electrode power can reach 1000kVA, be that lifting means production capacity creates condition.
(3) energy-conservation.The lifting of equipment capacity, while improve production efficiency, also functions to reduce energy resource consumption, reduces life
Produce cost effect.Such as existing graphite vacuum furnace heating electrode, peak power is 250kVA, processes the weldering of Sn75%, Pb25%
During tin alloy, 20 tons for the treatment of daily, power consumption is 300 kilowatt hours/ton soldering alloy；And it is mounted with graphite of the present invention
After electric heating electrode, usual power is 600kVA, when processing the soldering alloy of Sn75%, Pb25%, about 60 tons for the treatment of, electric energy daily
It is 240 kilowatt hours/ton soldering alloy to consume, and energy-conservation reaches 20%.Using the utility model why energy-conservation, this is due to 1. setting
Three electrode cylinders of independent heating are put, three heat transfers in direction have been formed to evaporating pan, not only increased heating surface area, improved
Ability of being heated, while to be heated for evaporating pan can also be made more balance, the more uniform temperature in evaporating pan, the evaporation of metal is more equal
Weighing apparatus, improves evaporation effect；2. the electrode cylinder of independent heating, can make the increasing number of evaporating pan, the biography between evaporating pan
Matter is more with heat transfer, the evaporation energy resource consumption of high boiling substance is reduced, so as to improve efficiency of energy utilization；3. equipment and set
The big shape of standby production capacity, reduces sharing for excess loss, reduces energy excess loss.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that interior graphite electrode is incited installed in graphite vacuum described in the utility model.
Fig. 2 is the top view of the graphite electrode in graphite vacuum furnace described in the utility model.
Fig. 3 is the electrode cylinder component figure of the graphite electrode in graphite vacuum furnace described in the utility model.
Fig. 4 is that the electrode cylinder that interior graphite electrode is incited installed in graphite vacuum described in the utility model connects cover
Figure.
Marked in figure：Circle hole shape is recessed on circular hole connected in star 1-1, electrode cylinder under first electrode cylinder 1, electrode cylinder
Groove 1-2, second electrode cylinder 2, the 3rd electrode cylinder 3, electrode cylinder connection lid 4, circular cover 4-1, cylindrical tongue
4-2, cylindrical tongue 4-3, cylindrical tongue 4-4.
Specific embodiment
The technical solution of the utility model is further described below by way of drawings and Examples.
Embodiment 1
As shown in figure 1, the present embodiment is the graphite electrode in graphite vacuum furnace described in the utility model, by four
Individual part composition, wherein having three parts for electrode cylinder, another part is that electrode cylinder body connects lid, and electrode cylinder is
One cylinder for being provided with upper and lower two circular hole connected in stars, electrode cylinder connection lid is by circular cover and three cylindrical tongue groups
Into.
Concrete structure and annexation are：First electrode cylinder, 1, second electrode cylinder 2, the 3rd electrode cylinder 3
The cylindrical cavities at lower end center are circular hole connected in star 1-1 under electrode cylinder, and the cylindrical cavities of electrode cylinder upper end center are
Circular hole connected in star 1-2 on electrode cylinder, circular hole connected in star 1-2 and circular hole connected in star 1-1 under electrode cylinder does not connect on electrode cylinder
It is logical；The top of electrode cylinder connection lid 4 is circular cover 4-1, and circular cover 4-1 outers lower section is provided with three circumferentially average marks
The cylindrical tongue 4-2 of cloth, cylindrical tongue 4-3, cylindrical tongue 4-4；During work, first electrode cylinder, 1, second electricity
Pole body 2, the upper circular hole connected in star 1-2 of the 3rd electrode cylinder 3 are connected cylindrical tongue 4-2, the cylinder of lid 4 with electrode cylinder
Shape tongue 4-3, cylinder tongue 4-4 are connected respectively, form graphite electrode.
A kind of described graphite electrode in graphite vacuum furnace, three electrode cylinder component structures are identical, electrode
Cylinder 1000~3000mm high, electrode column 100~300mm of outer diameter, graphite electrode 300~1000kVA of rated power, graphite
Vacuum in vacuum drying oven is 5~500Pa.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is the first application example of the graphite electrode in graphite vacuum furnace described in the utility model.
Each electrode cylinder 1000mm high of graphite electrode, overall diameter 100mm, upper circle hole shape groove bore dia 50mm, hole
Deep 60mm, lower circle hole shape groove bore dia 40mm, hole depth 900mm, cover plate diameter 300mm, the thickness of electrode cylinder connection lid
10mm, the cylindrical tongue diameter 40mm of connection lid, 55mm high.
Graphite electrode is arranged in 20 grades of evaporating pan graphite vacuum furnaces, and after starting vacuum system, vacuum 5Pa in stove is defeated
After entering 22 volts of three-phase alternating voltage, each electrode cylinder tides over 8660 amperes of electric current, and electrode power is 300kVA.
By 280 DEG C of metal alloy liquid containing Sn80%, Pb20% of temperature, the speed of 1.25t/h is pressed in vacuum siphon mode
Degree is continuously added in graphite vacuum furnace, after being evaporated in vacuo, obtains the tin liquor 1.0t/h containing Sn99.995%, Pb0.005%
With the lead liquid 0.25t/h containing Pb99.996%, Sn0.004%.Tin liquor and lead liquid cast respectively cooling after obtain tin slab product and
Lead pig product, it is for sale.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is the second application example of the graphite electrode in graphite vacuum furnace described in the utility model.
Each electrode cylinder 2000mm high of graphite electrode, overall diameter 200mm, upper circle hole shape groove bore dia 140mm, hole
Deep 80mm, lower circle hole shape groove bore dia 120mm, hole depth 1850mm, cover plate diameter 500mm, the thickness of electrode cylinder connection lid
15mm, the cylindrical tongue diameter 120mm of connection lid, 75mm high.
Graphite electrode is arranged in 30 grades of evaporating pan graphite vacuum furnaces, and after starting vacuum system, vacuum 50Pa in stove is defeated
After entering 30 volts of three-phase alternating voltage, each electrode cylinder tides over 12000 amperes of electric current, and electrode power is 623kVA.
By 330 DEG C of metal alloy liquid containing Sn95%, Sb5% of temperature, the speed of 2.0t/h is pressed in vacuum siphon mode
It is continuously added in vacuum drying oven, after being evaporated in vacuo, obtains the tin liquor 1.9t/h containing Sn99.981%, Sb0.019% and contain
The antimony liquid 0.1t/h of Sb99.92%, Sn0.08%.Tin liquor and antimony liquid to be cast and obtain tin slab product and antimony slab after cooling and produce respectively
Product, it is for sale.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment is the 3rd application example of the graphite electrode in graphite vacuum furnace described in the utility model.
Each electrode cylinder 3000mm high of graphite electrode, overall diameter 300mm, upper circle hole shape groove bore dia 220mm, hole
Deep 100mm, recessed bore dia 200mm, hole depth 2800mm, cover plate diameter 700mm, the thickness 20mm of electrode cylinder connection lid, even
Meet the cylindrical tongue diameter 200mm of lid, 95mm high.
Graphite electrode is arranged in 45 grades of evaporating pan graphite vacuum furnaces, after starting vacuum system, vacuum 500Pa in stove,
After being input into 38.5 volts of three-phase alternating voltage, each electrode cylinder tides over 15000 amperes of electric current, and electrode power is 1000kVA.
By 460 DEG C of metal alloy liquid containing Pb90%, Zn10% of temperature, the speed of 3.0t/h is pressed in vacuum siphon mode
Be continuously added in vacuum drying oven, after being evaporated in vacuo, obtain containing Pb99.992%, Zn0.008% lead liquid 2.7t/h and
The zinc liquid 0.3t/h of Zn99.992%, Pb0.003%.Lead liquid and zinc liquid to be cast and obtain lead pig product and zinc ingot metal after cooling and produce respectively
Product, it is for sale.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of graphite electrode in graphite vacuum furnace, including three electrode cylinders and electrode cylinder connection lid, it is special
Levy and be, concrete structure and annexation are：
Three electrode cylinders are the cylinder for being provided with upper and lower two circular hole connected in stars, and electrode cylinder connection lid is to be provided with three
The circular cover of individual cylindrical tongue, the cylindrical cavities at electrode cylinder lower end center are lower circular hole connected in star, on electrode cylinder
The cylindrical cavities at end center are upper circular hole connected in star, and upper circular hole connected in star is not connected with lower circular hole connected in star, and electrode cylinder connects
The side of covering is met for circular cover, circular cover outer lower section is provided with three cylindrical tongues being circumferentially evenly distributed, and works
When, the upper circular hole connected in star of each electrode cylinder is connected the cylindrical tongues of three for covering with electrode cylinder and connects respectively, forms stone
Electrode ink.
2. the graphite electrode in graphite vacuum furnace according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the graphite electrode
It is made up of four parts, wherein there are three parts for electrode cylinder, another part is that electrode cylinder connects lid, each part
It is graphite overall structure.
3. the graphite electrode in graphite vacuum furnace according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the electrode cylinder
It is three, three electrode column structures are identical, electrode cylinder 1000~3000mm high, 100~300mm of overall diameter.
4. the graphite electrode in graphite vacuum furnace according to claim 1, it is characterised in that electrode rated power
300~1000kVA.
5. the graphite electrode in graphite vacuum furnace according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in graphite vacuum furnace
Vacuum be 5~500Pa.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621361646.3U CN206247877U (en) | 2016-12-12 | 2016-12-12 | A kind of graphite electrode in graphite vacuum furnace |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621361646.3U CN206247877U (en) | 2016-12-12 | 2016-12-12 | A kind of graphite electrode in graphite vacuum furnace |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN206247877U true CN206247877U (en) | 2017-06-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201621361646.3U Active CN206247877U (en) | 2016-12-12 | 2016-12-12 | A kind of graphite electrode in graphite vacuum furnace |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108092033A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-05-29 | 深圳力士智造科技有限公司 | Electrode flange, its manufacturing method and the vacuum drying oven using the electrode flange |
-
2016
- 2016-12-12 CN CN201621361646.3U patent/CN206247877U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108092033A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-05-29 | 深圳力士智造科技有限公司 | Electrode flange, its manufacturing method and the vacuum drying oven using the electrode flange |
| CN108092033B (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2024-03-15 | 深圳力士智造科技有限公司 | Electrode flange, manufacturing method thereof and vacuum furnace adopting electrode flange |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20230720 Address after: 546115 Henan Industrial Park, Laibin City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Patentee after: LAIBIN CHINA TIN SMELTING CO.,LTD. Patentee after: Wuzhou Huaxi Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 546115 Daqiao Road, Henan Industrial Zone, Laibin City, Guangxi Patentee before: LAIBIN CHINA TIN SMELTING CO.,LTD. |
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| EE01 | Entry into force of recordation of patent licensing contract | ||
| EE01 | Entry into force of recordation of patent licensing contract |
Assignee: Wuzhou Haotai Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd. Assignor: Wuzhou Huaxi Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd. Contract record no.: X2023980042088 Denomination of utility model: A graphite electrode installed in a graphite vacuum furnace Granted publication date: 20170613 License type: Common License Record date: 20230919 |