CN206219514U - One kind synthesis ammonia or methyl alcohol system - Google Patents
One kind synthesis ammonia or methyl alcohol system Download PDFInfo
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- CN206219514U CN206219514U CN201621256833.5U CN201621256833U CN206219514U CN 206219514 U CN206219514 U CN 206219514U CN 201621256833 U CN201621256833 U CN 201621256833U CN 206219514 U CN206219514 U CN 206219514U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a kind of synthesis ammonia or methyl alcohol system, is related to synthesize ammonia/methanol technics technical field, for heat utilization ratio is low in solving synthesis ammonia or methyl alcohol system, the more problem of amount of steam.The synthesis ammonia or methyl alcohol system include：Oxygen generation system, gasification system, transformation system, desulphurization system, decarbonization system and the synthesis system being sequentially connected；Oxygen generation system is cryogenic air separation unit oxygen generating plant or THE PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION OXYGEN GENERATING DEVICE；Gasification system includes the gasification reacting furnace for 1.51MPa~4.0MPa continuous gasifications that pressurize, the furnace wall of gasification reacting furnace is half jacket structured or complete jacket structured, the inner chamber of the furnace wall of gasification reacting furnace is connected with the bottom of gasification reacting furnace, and water vapour is passed through in the gasification reacting furnace.The synthesis ammonia or methyl alcohol system gasify for continuous pressure and generate synthesis ammonia or methyl alcohol, and heat utilization ratio is higher, and extraneous amount of steam is less, and power consumption is less.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to produce synthesis ammonia/methanol technics technical field, more particularly, to one kind synthesis ammonia or methyl alcohol
System.
Background technology
At present, the synthesis ammonia system of prior art and the technological process produced in methyl alcohol system are essentially identical, building-up process
Usually：Gasification → thick desulfurization → compressor → conversion → fine de-sulfur → compressor → decarburization → compressor → synthesis → final product
Product.Wherein, gasification reaction is carried out by the gasification reacting furnace in gasification installation, the gasification of gasification reaction is participated in gasification reacting furnace
Agent includes water vapour, therefore is needed during gasification reaction to being passed through a large amount of water vapours in gasification reacting furnace, water vapour
Consumption is larger.Additionally, the gas temperature that gasification reacting furnace is produced is higher, it is necessary to can be just delivered to after being lowered the temperature next
Technological process, is in the prior art that the mode washed using cold water Quench is coal gas cooling, so as to cause efficiency of utilization low.
Additionally, existing gasification installation is generally atmosphere intermission formula could meet synthesis need, it is necessary to be compressed to elevated pressures using compression device
Ask, gas compression power consumption is very big.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of synthesis ammonia or methyl alcohol system, to solve to be closed present in prior art
Heat utilization ratio is low into ammonia system, and amount of steam is more, the larger technical problem of power consumption.
Synthesis ammonia or methyl alcohol system that the utility model is provided, including：Oxygen generation system, gasification system, the change being sequentially connected
Change system, desulphurization system, compressibility, decarbonization system and synthesis system；
The oxygen generation system is cryogenic air separation unit oxygen generating plant or THE PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION OXYGEN GENERATING DEVICE；
The gasification system includes the gasification reacting furnace for 1.51MPa~4.0MPa continuous gasifications that pressurize, the gasification
The furnace wall of reacting furnace is half jacket structured, including chuck portion and fire resisting portion, inner chamber and the gasification reacting furnace in the chuck portion
Bottom connection, water vapour is passed through in the gasification reacting furnace；
The gasification system also includes washing saturator, and the bottom of the washing saturator is provided with delivery port, described to wash
The delivery port for washing saturator is connected by hydraulic pipeline with the hydraulic turbine.
It is preferred that the transformation system includes that gas water separation tank, equipment electric furnace, heat exchanger, change furnace, middle pressure steam give up
Pot, low change stove, low-pressure steam useless pot, boiler water preheater, desalination water preheater and separator；Wherein,
The gas water separation tank and the gasification system are connected, the gas water separation tank respectively with the equipment electric furnace and institute
State heat exchanger connection, the equipment electric furnace and the heat exchanger be connected with the change furnace, the change furnace with it is described
The useless pot connection of middle pressure steam, the useless pot of medium pressure steam is connected with the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger and the low change stove
Connection, the low change stove is connected with the useless pot of the low-pressure steam, and the useless pot of the low-pressure steam is connected with the boiler water preheater,
The boiler water preheater is connected with the desalination water preheater, and the desalination water preheater is connected with the separator, institute
Separator is stated to be connected with desulphurization system.
Alternatively, the decarbonization system includes at least two decarbonizing towers.
Preferably, the desulphurization system includes：Cooling tower, the cooling tower is connected with desulfurizing tower, the desulfurizing tower connection
Have cleaning tower, the desulfurizing tower is connected with poor liquid bath and rich solution groove, the poor liquid bath and the rich solution groove with desulfurization regeneration groove
It is connected, the desulfurization regeneration groove is connected with sulphur foam tank, and the sulphur foam tank is connected with filter press, the filter press and sulfur melting kettle
It is connected.
Further, the quantity of the desulfurizing tower is multiple, and each desulfurizing tower is connected in series or in parallel.
Preferably, the cryogenic air separation unit oxygenerator includes liquid oxygen pump and liquid nitrogen pump.
It is preferred that the gasification system also includes cyclone separator and the buck processing system being connected with the cyclone separator
System, the grey water treatment system include subsider, ash water tank, deoxygenation tank and dust-laden tar groove, the subsider respectively with institute
State cyclone separator, the dust-laden tar groove to be connected with the ash water tank, the ash water tank is connected with the deoxygenation tank.
Further, the discharge outlet of the hydraulic turbine is connected with the grey water treatment system.
Preferably, the ash water tank is connected with back water pump, and the deoxygenation tank is connected with deoxygenation water pump.
Relative to prior art, synthesis ammonia described in the utility model or methyl alcohol system have the advantage that：
In synthesis ammonia described in the utility model or methyl alcohol system, gasification system uses coal or coke is raw material, gasification
Agent is oxygen+water vapour, can also be oxygen-enriched+water vapour, oxygen+water vapour+CO2, oxygen-enriched+water vapour+CO2, oxygen+CO2Or
Oxygen-enriched+the CO of person2.Oxygen is provided by oxygen generation system, and raw material carries out gasified reverse with gasifying agent in the gasification reacting furnace of gasification system
Coal gas should be generated, during the course of the reaction, gasification reaction in-furnace temperature is higher, therefore is passed through cooling water in the inner chamber in chuck portion,
While furnace wall is lowered the temperature, water evaporation is water vapour to cooling water, and water vapour enters gasified reverse via gasification reaction furnace bottom
Furnace interior is answered, into the internal temperature of the temperature less than gasification reacting furnace of the water vapour in gasification reacting furnace, therefore, it can play
For the effect that the bottom section of gasification reacting furnace is lowered the temperature.
When in the gasifying agent for using comprising water vapour, the water vapour produced in chuck portion enters gasification reaction after can preheating
Stove, gasification reaction is participated in as one of the composition of gasifying agent.
When water vapour is not included in the gasifying agent for using, the water vapour that chuck portion produces can be used to preheat gasifying agent.Gas
Coal gas is sent into transformation system by change system, and the gas feeding desulphurization system after transformation system conversion carries out desulfurization, and desulphurization system is entered
Sweet shift gas is sent into compressibility after row desulfurization process, the gas after being pressurizeed through overcompression sends into decarbonization system, decarburization
System enters synthesis system to produce synthesis ammonia (or methyl alcohol) after gas is carried out into Decarburization Operation after pressurization.
During reaction, cooling water in chuck portion byproduct water while being cooled down to furnace wall, protecting furnace wall
Steam, comprising water vapour in the gasifying agent used due to this gasification reacting furnace, therefore, the water vapour in chuck portion can be via gas
The gasification agent inlet for changing reacting furnace enters in gasification reacting furnace, so as to reduce the amount of the extraneous water vapour being passed through.To sum up, with it is existing
The system for having the synthesis ammonia system in technology or producing methyl alcohol is compared, synthesis ammonia or methyl alcohol system profit that the utility model is provided
The heat by-product water vapour produced with gasification reaction, and in the part being passed through water vapour in gasification reacting furnace as gasifying agent
Participate in improve the utilization rate of heat during reaction, and reduce the intake of extraneous water vapour.
Further, when gasifying agent is CO2+ oxygen or CO2+ oxygen-enriched, when water vapour is not as gasifying agent, can be further
The consumption for reducing feed coal and steam, steam is not consumed even.So that vapour content is few in coal gas, because of coal gas
Wash cooling and the waste water that produces are substantially eliminated, and the component in coal gas is more suitable for fuel gas and uses.
Further, since the washing saturator in gasification system is connected with the hydraulic turbine, therefore the ash discharged in washing saturator
Water enters the hydraulic turbine to be used to generate electricity, so as to improve water reuse rate.
Further, since compared with the gasification installation of the operation of atmospheric pressure state in the prior art, the synthesis that the utility model is provided
Gasification system in ammonia or methyl alcohol system improves operating pressure, improves the admission pressure of compressibility, so as to reduce pressure
The electric energy of consumption needed for contracting gas.
Another object of the present utility model is to propose another synthesis ammonia or methyl alcohol system, to solve to deposit in the prior art
Synthesis ammonia or heat utilization ratio is low in producing the system of methyl alcohol, the technology that amount of steam is more, power consumption is more is asked
Topic.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, what the technical solution of the utility model was realized in：
One kind synthesis ammonia or methyl alcohol system, including：Oxygen generation system, gasification system, transformation system, the desulfurization system being sequentially connected
System, compressibility, decarbonization system and synthesis system；
The oxygen generation system is cryogenic air separation unit oxygen generating plant or THE PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION OXYGEN GENERATING DEVICE；
The gasification system includes the gasification reacting furnace for 1.51MPa~4.0MPa continuous gasifications that pressurize, the gasification
The furnace wall of reacting furnace be it is complete jacket structured, it is described it is complete it is jacket structured in be provided with cooling water chamber, the cooling water chamber and institute
The bottom connection of gasification reacting furnace is stated, water vapour is passed through in the gasification reacting furnace；
The gasification system also includes washing saturator, and the bottom of the washing saturator is provided with delivery port, described to wash
The delivery port for washing saturator is connected by hydraulic pipeline with the hydraulic turbine.
Relative to prior art, synthesis ammonia described in the utility model or methyl alcohol system have the advantage that：
In synthesis ammonia described in the utility model or methyl alcohol system, gasification system uses coal or coke is raw material, gasification
Agent is oxygen+water vapour, can also be oxygen-enriched+water vapour, oxygen+water vapour+CO2, oxygen-enriched+water vapour+CO2, oxygen+CO2Or
Oxygen-enriched+the CO of person2.Oxygen is provided by oxygen generation system, and raw material carries out gasified reverse with gasifying agent in the gasification reacting furnace of gasification system
Coal gas should be generated, during the course of the reaction, gasification reaction in-furnace temperature is higher, therefore led in complete jacket structured cooling water chamber
Enter cooling water, while furnace wall is lowered the temperature, water evaporation is water vapour to cooling water, and water vapour enters via gasification reaction furnace bottom
Enter gasification reaction furnace interior, can be used for reducing the temperature of gasification reaction furnace interior into the water vapour in gasification reacting furnace.
When water vapour is included in the gasifying agent that gasification reaction is used, the water vapour produced in cooling water chamber is made
One of composition for gasifying agent participates in gasification reaction.Coal gas is sent into transformation system, the gas after transformation system conversion by gasification system
Body feeding desulphurization system carries out desulfurization, and sweet shift gas is sent into decarbonization system, decarburization by desulphurization system after carrying out desulfurization process
System enters synthesis system to produce synthesis ammonia (or methyl alcohol) after gas is carried out into Decarburization Operation after pressurization.
During reaction, it is complete it is jacket structured in cooling water while being cooled down to furnace wall, being protected furnace wall pair
Produce water vapour, comprising water vapour in the gasifying agent used due to this gasification reacting furnace, therefore, it is complete it is jacket structured in water vapour energy
Enough enter in gasification reacting furnace, so as to reduce the amount of the extraneous water vapour being passed through.When in the gasifying agent for using not comprising water steam
Vapour, only CO2+ oxygen or CO2+ it is oxygen-enriched when, chuck portion produce water vapour can be used for preheat gasifying agent, water vapour not as
Gasifying agent, can further reduce the consumption of feed coal and steam, and steam is not consumed even.So that water vapour in coal gas
Content is few, and the waste water produced because gas washing is cooled down is substantially eliminated, and the component in coal gas is more suitable for fuel gas and uses.
To sum up, with synthesis ammonia system of the prior art or compared with producing methyl alcohol system, synthesis ammonia or first that the utility model is provided
The heat by-product water vapour that alcohol system is produced using gasification reaction, and water vapour is being passed through in gasification reacting furnace as gasifying agent
A part participate in improve the utilization rate of heat during reaction, and reduce the intake of extraneous water vapour.
Further, when gasifying agent uses CO2+ oxygen or CO2+ it is oxygen-enriched when, except save steam consumption in addition to, moreover it is possible to disappear
The generation of waste water in degassifying system.
Further, since the washing saturator in gasification system is connected with the hydraulic turbine, therefore the ash discharged in washing saturator
Water enters the hydraulic turbine to be used to generate electricity, so as to improve water reuse rate.
Further, since compared with the gasification installation of the operation of atmospheric pressure state in the prior art, the synthesis that the utility model is provided
Gasification system in ammonia or methyl alcohol system improves operating pressure, improves the admission pressure of compressibility, so as to reduce pressure
The electric energy of consumption needed for contracting gas.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly of the utility model specific embodiment or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be right
The accompanying drawing to be used needed for specific embodiment or description of the prior art is briefly described, it should be apparent that, describe below
In accompanying drawing be some implementation methods of the present utility model, for those of ordinary skill in the art, do not paying creativeness
On the premise of work, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
When in the gasifying agent that the synthesis ammonia or methyl alcohol system that Fig. 1 is provided for the utility model embodiment are used comprising water vapour
Process flow diagram；
The gasifying agent that the synthesis ammonia or methyl alcohol system that Fig. 2 is provided for the utility model embodiment are used includes CO2When work
Skill schematic flow sheet；
Fig. 3 illustrates for the technological process for synthesizing gasification system in ammonia or methyl alcohol system that the utility model embodiment is provided
Figure；
Fig. 4 illustrates for the technological process for synthesizing transformation system in ammonia or methyl alcohol system that the utility model embodiment is provided
Figure；
Fig. 5 illustrates for the technological process for synthesizing desulphurization system in ammonia or methyl alcohol system that the utility model embodiment is provided
Figure.
In figure：100- oxygen generation systems；200- gasification systems；300- transformation systems；400- desulphurization systems；500- compressions system
System；600- decarbonization systems；700- synthesis systems；201- gasification reacting furnaces；202- cyclone separators；203- coal gas gives up pot；204-
Washing saturator；205- flash tanks；206- subsiders；207- ash water tanks；208- deoxygenation tanks；209- dust-laden tar grooves；210-
The hydraulic turbine；304- gas water separation tanks；305- heat exchangers；306- equipment electric furnaces；Mono- section of transformation component of 307-；Bis- sections of conversion of 308-
Portion；309- middle pressure steams give up pot；The low change stoves of 310-；311- low-pressure steams give up pot；312- boiler water preheaters；313- desalted waters are pre-
Hot device；314- separators；401- cooling towers；402- desulfurizing towers；403- cleans tower；404- desulfurization regeneration grooves；405- rich solution grooves；
The poor liquid baths of 406-；407- sulphur foam tanks；408- filter presses；409- sulfur melting kettles.
Specific embodiment
The technical solution of the utility model is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, it is clear that described
Embodiment is a part of embodiment of the utility model, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the utility model, this
The every other embodiment that field those of ordinary skill is obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to this practicality
Novel protected scope.
It is term " " center ", " on ", D score, "left", "right", " perpendicular, it is necessary to explanation in description of the present utility model
Directly ", the orientation or position relationship of the instruction such as " level ", " interior ", " outward " are, based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, to be only
Described with simplified for the ease of description the utility model, must had rather than the device or element for indicating or implying meaning specific
Orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore it is not intended that to limitation of the present utility model.Additionally, term " the
One ", " second ", " the 3rd " are only used for describing purpose, and it is not intended that indicating or implying relative importance.
, it is necessary to explanation, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " is pacified in description of the present utility model
Dress ", " connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be fixedly connected, or be detachably connected, or integratedly
Connection；Can mechanically connect, or electrically connect；Can be joined directly together, it is also possible to be indirectly connected to by intermediary,
Can be two connections of element internal.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned art can be understood with concrete condition
Concrete meaning of the language in the utility model.
Embodiment one
As Figure 1-5, the utility model embodiment is provided synthesis ammonia or methyl alcohol system, including：The system being sequentially connected
Oxygen system 100, gasification system 200, transformation system 300, desulphurization system 400, compressibility 500, decarbonization system 600 and synthesis system
System 700；Oxygen generation system 100 is that deep space controls oxygen generating plant or THE PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION OXYGEN GENERATING DEVICE；Gasification system 200 is included for adding
The gasification reacting furnace 201 of 1.51MPa~4.0MPa continuous gasifications is pressed, the furnace wall of gasification reacting furnace 201 is half jacket structured, including
Chuck portion and fire resisting portion, the inner chamber in chuck portion are connected by drum with the bottom of gasification reacting furnace 201.Chuck portion is located at gasification reaction
The lower area of stove 201, the upper area of gasification reacting furnace 201 is the fire resisting portion being made up of refractory material, is set in fire resisting portion
There is insulated lining.Chuck portion inwall is had using carbon steel+stainless compound steel plate or carbon steel+stainless steel built-up welding, and chuck portion
Absorbing thermal expansion amount eliminates thermal stress deformation ability, and fire resisting portion side towards the fire is wear-resistant castable or heavy refractory matter lining.Gas
The lower area for changing reacting furnace 201 is provided with ring pipe, and drum is connected by main steam header with ring pipe, and ring pipe is provided with many
Individual steam inlet, the water vapour in drum enters inside gasification reacting furnace 201 via the steam inlet of ring pipe.
Gasification system 200 also includes dust removal separation apparatus, coal gas useless pot 203, washing saturator 204 and buck processing system
System, the delivery port of the bottom of washing saturator 204 is connected by hydraulic pipeline with the hydraulic turbine 210.Dust removal separation apparatus and gasified reverse
Stove 201 is answered to be connected, dust removal separation apparatus include one or more cyclone separators 202, when the quantity of cyclone separator 202 is many
Individual, multiple cyclone separators 202 are connected in series, positioned at two ends cyclone separator 202 respectively with gasification reacting furnace 201 and coal gas
Useless pot 203 is connected.The useless pot 203 of coal gas is connected with washing saturator 204, and dust separator, coal gas give up pot 203 and washing saturator
204 are connected with grey water treatment system, and the hydraulic turbine 210 is arranged between washing saturator 204 and grey water treatment system；At buck
Reason system include subsider 206, ash water tank 207, deoxygenation tank 208 and dust-laden tar groove 209, subsider 206 respectively with whirlwind
The useless pot 203 of separator 202, coal gas is connected, and dust-laden tar groove 209 is connected with the bottom of subsider 206, ash water tank 207 and subsider
206 tops are connected, and ash water tank 207 is connected with deoxygenation tank 208, and specifically, the bottom of cyclone separator 202 is connected with grey lock
Bucket, grey lock hopper is connected with subsider 206；Ash water tank 207 is connected with back water pump, and deoxygenation tank 208 is connected with deoxygenation water pump.
Compared with the atmosphere intermission formula fixed bed gasification system 200 for using in the prior art, the utility model embodiment is carried
In the synthesis ammonia or methyl alcohol system of confession, gasification system 200 includes gasification reacting furnace 201, in use, in gasification reacting furnace
Pressurization 1.51MPa~4.0MPa continuous gasifications are carried out in 201, that is to say, that change existing atmosphere intermission formula fixed bed gasification
It is the gasification system 200 of pressurization 1.51MPa~4.0MPa continuous gasifications, production liquid to steam ratio (ratio of steam and dry gas in coal gas)
0.6~0.8 semiwater gas, by transformation system 300 carry out transformationreation change coal gas in carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen
Gas proportion of composing, reaches setting H-N ratio (nitrogen and nitrogen ratio in dry gas), the setting hydrogen nitrogen when synthesis ammonia is produced
Than the H-N ratio for needed for ammonia synthesis, H-N ratio hydrogen-carbon ratio for needed for methanol-fueled CLC when methyl alcohol is produced, then by desulfurization system
System 400 carries out that desulfurization, compressibility 500 are pressurizeed and decarbonization system 600 carries out carbonization treatment, finally by compressibility
500 pressurizations enter production synthesis ammonia of synthesis system 700 (or methyl alcohol).
In the synthesis ammonia or methyl alcohol system of the utility model embodiment, gasification system 200 uses coal or coke is raw material,
Gasifying agent is oxygen+water vapour, can also be oxygen-enriched+water vapour, oxygen+water vapour+CO2, oxygen-enriched+water vapour+CO2, oxygen+
CO2Or oxygen-enriched+CO2, oxygen provides by oxygen generation system 100, the gasification reacting furnace 201 of raw material and gasifying agent in gasification system 200
Gasification reaction generation coal gas is inside carried out, during the course of the reaction, temperature is higher in gasification reacting furnace 201, therefore jacket structured
Cooling water is passed through in inner chamber, while furnace wall is lowered the temperature, water evaporation is water vapour to cooling water, and water vapour enters gasification reaction
Inside stove 201, into the internal temperature of the temperature less than gasification reacting furnace 201 of the water vapour in gasification reacting furnace 201, therefore,
Can play a part of to lower the temperature for the bottom section of gasification reacting furnace 201.
When in the gasifying agent for using comprising water vapour, the water vapour produced in chuck portion and/or the useless pot 203 of coal gas can enter
Enter gasification reacting furnace 201, gasification reaction is participated in as one of the composition of gasifying agent.
Further, when water vapour (CO2+ oxygen or CO2+ are oxygen-enriched) is not included in the gasifying agent for using, chuck portion
The steam of middle product is overheated in being sent to the useless pot 203 of coal gas, and the water vapour after overheat is used for heating and gasifying agent, and gasifying agent heating is laggard
Enter and participate in gasification reaction in gasification reacting furnace 201.Water vapour can further reduce feed coal and steam not as gasifying agent
Consumption, steam is not consumed even.So that vapour content is few in coal gas, the waste water produced because gas washing is cooled down
Substantially eliminate, the component in coal gas is more suitable for fuel gas and uses.
Coal gas is sent into transformation system 300 by gasification system 200, and the gas after transformation system 300 is converted sends into desulphurization system
400 carry out desulfurization, and sweet shift gas is sent into decarbonization system 600, decarbonization system by desulphurization system 400 after carrying out desulfurization process
600 carry out gas to enter synthesis system 700 to produce synthesis ammonia (or methyl alcohol) after pressurization after Decarburization Operation.When what is used
When not including water vapour in gasifying agent, the water vapour produced in chuck portion and/or the useless pot 203 of coal gas can also be used to preheat gasifying agent.
During reaction, cooling water in chuck portion byproduct water while being cooled down to furnace wall, protecting furnace wall
Steam, when, comprising water vapour, the water in chuck portion and/or the useless pot 203 of coal gas steams in the gasifying agent that this gasification reacting furnace 201 is used
Vapour can enter in gasification reacting furnace 201 via the gasification agent inlet of gasification reacting furnace 201, so as to reduce the extraneous water being passed through
The amount of steam.To sum up, compared with synthesis ammonia system of the prior art, synthesis ammonia or methyl alcohol that the utility model embodiment is provided
The heat by-product water vapour that system is produced using gasification reaction, and as gasification in water vapour is passed through into gasification reacting furnace 201
The utilization rate of heat is improve during a part for agent, and reduces the intake of extraneous water vapour.When bag in the gasifying agent for using
Containing CO2When, the C element in coal gas is originated in addition to feed coal, the CO also in gasifying agent2.So that unit raw material gas production
It is improved.And because the amounts of hydrogen for not having reaction generation in the presence of water vapour, therefore reactor in gasifying agent greatly reduces,
So as to the methane content in coal gas can also be realized significantly declining, so as to reduce the methane contained in coal gas for ultimate output
Influence.
Further, since the washing saturator 204 in gasification system 200 is connected with the hydraulic turbine 210, therefore washing saturator
The buck discharged in 204 enters the hydraulic turbine 210 to be used to generate electricity, so as to improve water reuse rate.
Further, compared with synthesis ammonia system of the prior art, nothing between gasification system 200 and transformation system 300
Compressor need to be connected, therefore compressor of the prior art just can be realized reusing and use by transforming, due in this implementation
The gas pressure that the gasification system 200 of the synthesis ammonia system that example is provided is sent out can reach 4.0MPa, can reach existing pressure
The outlet pressure of the level Four cylinder of contracting machine, so after transformation, first, second, third and fourth grade of cylinder of compressor is not used, therefore, need
Following transformation is done to existing compressor：First, second and third grade of cylinder is low-pressure stage cylinder originally, and fourth stage cylinder is originally
Be medium pressure grade cylinder, first, second, third and fourth grade of cylinder of existing compressor transformed, make its transform as medium pressure grade cylinder or
Person's hiigh pressure stage cylinder.So that in improved compressor, medium pressure grade cylinder and hiigh pressure stage cylinder are three cylinder forms, i.e. three cylinders five
Level cylinder, six grades of cylinders of three cylinders, six grades of cylinders and twin-tub.Consequently, it is possible to the ability of inflating of compressor can be greatly improved, in gas
In the case that body total amount is constant, compressor operating number of units can be reduced, so as to save substantial amounts of power consumption.After transformation, will no longer
The compressor for using can continue to reuse and transform his use.
In the present embodiment, transformation system 300 includes gas water separation tank 304, and gas water separation tank 304 and gasification system 200 connect
Connect, gas water separation tank 304 is connected with equipment electric furnace 306 and heat exchanger 305 respectively, and equipment electric furnace 306 and heat exchanger 305 are equal
It is connected with change furnace, heat exchanger 305 is connected with low change stove 310, low change stove 310 is connected with the useless pot 311 of low-pressure steam, and low pressure is steamed
The useless pot 311 of vapour is connected with boiler water preheater 312, and boiler water preheater 312 is connected with desalination water preheater 313, and desalted water is pre-
Hot device 313 is separated from water device 314 and connects, and separator 314 is connected with desulphurization system 400.Specifically, change furnace includes one section of change
Change portion 307 and two sections of transformation components 308, one section of transformation component 307 and two sections of portions respectively with the inlet end of the useless pot 309 of middle pressure steam and go out
Gas end connects.Heat in the coal gas that the useless pot 309 of middle pressure steam exports one section of transformation component 307 is taken away, and the useless pot of middle pressure steam
309 are connected with two sections of transformation components 308, to adjust coal gas into the temperature of two sections of transformation components 308, meanwhile, middle pressure steam gives up pot 309
Saturated vapor is pressed in by-product.The useless pot 311 of low-pressure steam is used to lower the temperature the coal gas of low change stove 310 output, while by-product is low
Pressure steam.
In the present embodiment, decarbonization system 600 can be carbon the third party formula decarburization or pressure-variable adsorption mode decarburization.Due to it is existing
Synthesis ammonia system in technology is compared, in the synthesis ammonia system in the present embodiment, in the conversion gas transferred out from transformation system 300
The amount of carbon dioxide has substantial increase.Further, since employing gasifying agent of the oxygen as gasification system 200, do not have in coal gas
Nitrogen needed for synthesis ammonia, therefore pressurized nitrogen addition mouth is provided with decarbonization system 600.Therefore, it is de- in the present embodiment
Carbon system 600 has following difference compared with decarbonization system of the prior art 600：The quantity of decarbonizing tower is multiple (at least two
It is individual), set using mode in series or in parallel, increase the carbonization treatment ability of decarbonization system 600；In the entrance of decarbonization system 600
Place increases pressurized nitrogen and adds mouth, pressurized nitrogen to come from oxygen generation system 100.Add after nitrogen using in making the coal gas of ammonia synthesis
H-N ratio (hydrogen and nitrogen volume ratio) reaches requirement ratio.
In the present embodiment, desulphurization system 400 includes：Cooling tower 401, cooling tower 401 is connected with desulfurizing tower, desulfurizing tower connection
There is cleaning tower 403, desulfurizing tower is connected with poor liquid bath 406 and rich solution groove 405, poor liquid bath 406 and rich solution groove 405 are and desulfurization regeneration
Groove 404 is connected, and desulfurization regeneration groove 404 is connected with sulphur foam tank 407, and sulphur foam tank 407 is connected with filter press 408, filter press 408
It is connected with sulfur melting kettle 409.Further, the quantity of desulfurizing tower is one or more, when the quantity of desulfurizing tower 402 is for multiple, respectively
Desulfurizing tower 402 is connected in series or in parallel.
The use of coal or coke is raw material during the fixed bed pressured gasification device provided using the present embodiment,
Gasifying agent is oxygen+water vapour, can also be oxygen-enriched+water vapour, oxygen+water vapour+CO2, oxygen-enriched+water vapour+CO2, oxygen+
CO2Or oxygen-enriched+CO2., by being entered in stove by the gasification agent inlet of gasification reacting furnace 201 after pre- hot mixing, raw material is certainly for gasifying agent
Its top feed mouthful of gasification reacting furnace 201 enters in stove, and gas is from bottom to top by the grieshoch in gasification reacting furnace 201, oxidation
Layer, the first reducing zone, the second reducing zone, destructive distillation layer and drying layer；Gasifying agent absorbs sensible heat and raises via grieshoch, oxidized layer coal
There is combustion reaction generation CO with oxygen in (or coke)2, liter is up to 1100~1200 DEG C to the solid temperature of charge of Qi rapidly, afterwards
Ascending air enters the first reducing zone and the second reducing zone, and coal (or coke) occurs coal gasification reaction with high-temperature gas：C+CO2→
2CO、C+H20→CO+H2, this gasification reaction is the endothermic reaction, and ascending air temperature drop is again introduced into destructive distillation to 850~900 DEG C
Layer and drying layer, this layer of ascending air with enter the cold feed coal of stove (or coke) and contact to carry out heat exchange, under air-flow end temperature
500~550 DEG C are dropped to, is derived from the gas vent of gasification reacting furnace 201；Cold coal (or coke) is received in destructive distillation layer and drying layer
Heat heats up and under gas effect, the fugitive constituent and moisture that will be stored in coal (or coke) overflow into ascending air with outlet
Coal gas is taken away.
As-fired coal (or coke) granularity by a certain percentage, stores in raw material cabin, enters transformation lock hopper according to certain metering, on time
Between during sequential control adds feedstock vessel and gasification reacting furnace 201, inversely moved with ascending air, from top to bottom by drying layer,
Destructive distillation layer, the second reducing zone, the first reducing zone, oxide layer and grieshoch, now as-fired coal (or coke) burnt and gasified reverse
Lime-ash is strained into, lime-ash is drained into deslagging lock hopper by slag-drip opening again, and lime-ash is arranged from outside the residual cake valve of deslagging lock hopper.
The coal gas of the production of gasification reacting furnace 201 enters after cyclone separator 202 separates dedusting and enters the useless pot 203 of coal gas.Come
Boiler feedwater (soft water) from outside device produces steam to be drawn by drum steam (vapor) outlet into the heat exchange of waste heat boiler heat exchanging pipe
Afterwards into the steam superheater heat exchanging pipe on top, supplyization is used by oneself during gasification reacting furnace 201 is caused after saturated vapor is overheated.
Coal gas draws the useless pot 203 of coal gas, temperature afterwards by carrying out one-time dedusting separation again in the useless bottom of pot 203 of coal gas after the cooling that exchanges heat
Degree drops to 180~230 DEG C and is sent to washing saturator 204.
Vertical tower tray of the coal gas by the bottom air inlet of washing saturator 204 through being set in tower is inverse with the washings that tower top gets off
Stream contact, coal gas is lowered the temperature through water washing, heat and mass, and dirt and impurity are obtained further washing and removed in coal gas, while in coal gas
Water vapour reaches saturation, is sent to subsequent processing.
The useless bottom of the pot 203 discharge Heisui River containing ash high of washing saturator 204, cyclone separator 202, coal gas is by flash tank
205, buck temperature drop sends into subsider 206 afterwards to less than 100 DEG C, and fine ash is collected and is sent to the bottom of subsider 206 in water
Dust-laden tar groove 209, then sent outside by pump pressure.The clear liquid that the top of subsider 206 overflows is sent to ash water tank 207, then passes through
Used by the buck pumped back system circulation of ash water tank 207.
Compared with synthesis ammonia system of the prior art, due in the synthesis ammonia or methyl alcohol system in the present embodiment, gasifying
System 200 realizes continuous gasification operation operation, therefore, during using model of the same race, the gasification reacting furnace 201 of comparable size, this reality
The gas production of gasification system 200 applied in the synthesis ammonia system of example offer can improve more than 2 times, and gasification efficiency is greatly carried
It is high；Because gasification efficiency is greatly improved, under equal production scale, it is necessary to operating personnel's quantity also greatly reduce, save
About a large amount of personnel costs；Additionally, gasification system 200 realizes continuous gasification operation operation, only open in gasification system 200, stop
When unqualified gas is discharged, unqualified gas discharge frequency is low, is easy to treatment.Additionally, gasification system 200 is because real
Show continuity operation, so as to eliminate gas holder, saved substantial amounts of floor space, eliminate this major hazard source system of gas holder
System, management difficulty is greatly reduced.
The coal gas that gasification system 200 is produced does not use liquid water and carrys out Quench, but uses useless pot to reclaim preheating, and by-product is high
Vapours is pressed through in taste, efficiency of utilization is greatly improved；
Gasification system 200 does not use air as gasifying agent, and process simplification, power-equipment greatly reduces.Powerful sky
The equipment such as enraged blower fan, water circulating pump are without using so as to reduce power consumption.In gasification, when in gasifying agent include CO2
When, the CO produced in decarbonization system 6002Via CO2Gas mixing needed for transfer pipeline feeding blender, with other gasifying agents is pre-
It is passed through after heat in gasification reacting furnace 201, so as to reduce the extraneous CO being passed through2Amount.
The high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater that transformation system 300 is produced can all be sent to gasification system 200 and use, further net without carrying out
Change is processed, so as to save cost of sewage disposal.
Grey water treatment system in gasification system 200 causes that the waste water discharged in gasification system 200 realizes circulating repetition
Utilize, row makes water system intermediate ion be maintained within a range of balance for safety outside only a small amount of deashing water.By dodging
Waste water after the treatment of steaming pot 205, wherein ammonia nitrogen is substantially reduced so that the deashing water process arranged outward is convenient, intractability reduction.
With the raising of the operating pressure of gasification system 200, the content of methane is also improved in coal gas.Methane calorific value is about
9400Kcal/Nm3, water-tube boiler thermal coal calorific value about 5500Kcal/kg, 1Nm3Methane=1.71kg thermal coals.Methane is sent into
To in steam boiler, substantial amounts of thermal coal can be substituted, so as to save substantial amounts of operating cost.
Embodiment two
The utility model embodiment two provides another synthesis ammonia or methyl alcohol system, including：The oxygen system processed being sequentially connected
System 100, gasification system 200, transformation system 300, desulphurization system 400, compressibility 500, decarbonization system 600 and synthesis system
700；Oxygen generation system 100 is cryogenic air separation unit oxygen generating plant or THE PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION OXYGEN GENERATING DEVICE；Gasification system 200 is included for pressurizeing
The gasification reacting furnace 201 of 1.51MPa~4.0MPa continuous gasifications, the furnace wall of gasification reacting furnace 201 is complete jacket structured, full chuck
Cooling water chamber is provided with structure, cooling water chamber is connected with gasification reacting furnace 201；Gasification system 200 also includes that washing is full
With tower 204, the bottom of washing saturator 204 is provided with delivery port, and the delivery port of washing saturator 204 passes through hydraulic pipeline and water
Turbine 210 is connected.
In the synthesis ammonia or methyl alcohol system of the utility model embodiment, gasification system 200 uses coal or coke is raw material,
Gasifying agent is oxygen+water vapour, can also be oxygen-enriched+water vapour, oxygen+water vapour+CO2, oxygen-enriched+water vapour+CO2, oxygen+
CO2Or oxygen-enriched+CO2, oxygen provides by oxygen generation system 100, the gasification reacting furnace 201 of raw material and gasifying agent in gasification system 200
Gasification reaction generation coal gas is inside carried out, during the course of the reaction, temperature is higher in gasification reacting furnace 201, therefore in cooling water chamber
In be passed through cooling water, while furnace wall is lowered the temperature, water evaporation is water vapour to cooling water, and water vapour is via gasification reacting furnace
201 bottoms enter inside gasification reacting furnace 201, and the temperature into the water vapour in gasification reacting furnace 201 is less than gasification reacting furnace
201 internal temperature, therefore, it can play a part of to lower the temperature for the bottom section of gasification reacting furnace 201.Additionally, into gas
The water vapour for changing reacting furnace 201 is contacted with waste residue, from the humidity that waste residue can be also improved while the temperature of waste residue is reduced, so that
Mitigate the airborne dust dust phenomenon occurred in tapping process.
When in the gasifying agent for using comprising water vapour, the water vapour produced in cooling water chamber enters gasification after can preheating
Reacting furnace 201, gasification reaction is participated in as one of the composition of gasifying agent.Coal gas is sent into transformation system 300 by gasification system 200,
Gas feeding desulphurization system 400 after transformation system 300 is converted carries out desulfurization, and desulphurization system 400 will be de- after carrying out desulfurization process
Sulphur conversion gas feeding compressibility 500, sends into decarbonization system 600 after pressurization, gas is carried out Decarburization Operation by decarbonization system 600
Synthesize ammonia (or methyl alcohol) to produce by synthesis system 700 is entered after pressurization.
During reaction, it is complete it is jacket structured in cooling water while being cooled down to furnace wall, being protected furnace wall pair
Produce water vapour, comprising water vapour in the gasifying agent used due to this gasification reacting furnace 201, therefore, it is complete it is jacket structured in water steam
Vapour can enter in gasification reacting furnace 201 via the gasification agent inlet of gasification reacting furnace 201, so as to reduce the extraneous water being passed through
The amount of steam.When in the gasifying agent for using do not include water vapour, only CO2+ oxygen or CO2+ it is oxygen-enriched when, chuck portion produce
Water vapour can be used to preheat gasifying agent, and water vapour can further reduce the consumption of feed coal and steam not as gasifying agent,
Steam is not consumed even.So that vapour content is few in coal gas, the waste water produced because gas washing is cooled down disappears substantially
Remove, the component in coal gas is more suitable for fuel gas and uses.To sum up, with synthesis ammonia system of the prior art or produce methyl alcohol
System is compared, and the synthesis ammonia or methyl alcohol system that the utility model embodiment is provided are steamed using the heat byproduct water that gasification reaction is produced
Vapour, and the utilization rate of heat is improve when during water vapour is passed through into gasification reacting furnace 201 as a part for gasifying agent, and subtract
The intake of extraneous water vapour is lacked.
Further, since the washing saturator 204 in gasification system 200 is connected with the hydraulic turbine 210, therefore washing saturator
The buck discharged in 204 enters the hydraulic turbine 210 to be used to generate electricity, so as to improve water reuse rate.
Finally it should be noted that：Various embodiments above is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than it is limited
System；Although being described in detail to the utility model with reference to foregoing embodiments, one of ordinary skill in the art should
Understand：It can still modify to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or to which part or whole
Technical characteristic carries out equivalent；And these modifications or replacement, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from this practicality newly
The scope of each embodiment technical scheme of type.
Claims (10)
1. it is a kind of to synthesize ammonia or methyl alcohol system, it is characterised in that including：Oxygen generation system, gasification system, the transformation series being sequentially connected
System, desulphurization system, compressibility, decarbonization system and synthesis system；
The oxygen generation system is cryogenic air separation unit oxygen generating plant or THE PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION OXYGEN GENERATING DEVICE；
The gasification system includes the gasification reacting furnace for 1.51MPa~4.0MPa continuous gasifications that pressurize, the gasification reaction
The furnace wall of stove is half jacket structured, including chuck portion and fire resisting portion, the inner chamber in the chuck portion and the bottom of the gasification reacting furnace
Portion is connected, and water vapour is passed through in the gasification reacting furnace；
The gasification system also includes washing saturator, and the bottom of the washing saturator is provided with delivery port, and the washing is satisfied
It is connected with the hydraulic turbine by hydraulic pipeline with the delivery port of tower.
2. it is according to claim 1 to synthesize ammonia or methyl alcohol system, it is characterised in that the transformation system includes gas-water separation
Tank, equipment electric furnace, heat exchanger, change furnace, middle pressure steam give up the useless pot of pot, low change stove, low-pressure steam, boiler water preheater, de-
Brine preheater and separator；Wherein,
The gas water separation tank and the gasification system are connected, the gas water separation tank respectively with the equipment electric furnace and the heat
Exchanger is connected, and the equipment electric furnace and the heat exchanger be connected with the change furnace, the change furnace and medium pressure
The useless pot connection of steam, the useless pot of medium pressure steam is connected with the heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger is connected with the low change stove,
The low change stove is connected with the useless pot of the low-pressure steam, and the useless pot of the low-pressure steam is connected with the boiler water preheater, described
Boiler water preheater is connected with the desalination water preheater, and the desalination water preheater is connected with the separator, the water
Separator is connected with desulphurization system.
3. it is according to claim 1 to synthesize ammonia or methyl alcohol system, it is characterised in that the decarbonization system includes at least two
Decarbonizing tower.
4. it is according to claim 1 to synthesize ammonia or methyl alcohol system, it is characterised in that the desulphurization system includes：Cooling tower,
The cooling tower is connected with desulfurizing tower, and the desulfurizing tower is connected with cleaning tower, and the desulfurizing tower is connected with poor liquid bath and rich solution groove,
The poor liquid bath and the rich solution groove are connected with desulfurization regeneration groove, and the desulfurization regeneration groove is connected with sulphur foam tank, the sulphur
Foam tank is connected with filter press, and the filter press is connected with sulfur melting kettle.
It is 5. according to claim 4 to synthesize ammonia or methyl alcohol system, it is characterised in that the quantity of the desulfurizing tower is multiple,
Each desulfurizing tower is connected in series or in parallel.
6. it is according to claim 1 to synthesize ammonia or methyl alcohol system, it is characterised in that the cryogenic air separation unit oxygenerator includes liquid
Oxygen pump and liquid nitrogen pump.
7. it is according to claim 1 to synthesize ammonia or methyl alcohol system, it is characterised in that the gasification system is also including whirlwind point
From device and the grey water treatment system being connected with the cyclone separator, the grey water treatment system includes subsider, ash water tank, removes
Oxygen tank and dust-laden tar groove, the subsider respectively with the cyclone separator, the dust-laden tar groove and the ash water tank
It is connected, the ash water tank is connected with the deoxygenation tank.
8. it is according to claim 7 synthesis ammonia or methyl alcohol system, it is characterised in that the discharge outlet of the hydraulic turbine with it is described
Grey water treatment system is connected.
It is 9. according to claim 7 to synthesize ammonia or methyl alcohol system, it is characterised in that the ash water tank is connected with back water pump,
The deoxygenation tank is connected with deoxygenation water pump.
10. it is a kind of to synthesize ammonia or methyl alcohol system, it is characterised in that including：Oxygen generation system, gasification system, the conversion being sequentially connected
System, desulphurization system, compressibility, decarbonization system and synthesis system；
The oxygen generation system is cryogenic air separation unit oxygen generating plant or THE PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION OXYGEN GENERATING DEVICE；
The gasification system includes the gasification reacting furnace for 1.51MPa~4.0MPa continuous gasifications that pressurize, the gasification reaction
The furnace wall of stove be it is complete jacket structured, it is described it is complete it is jacket structured in be provided with cooling water chamber, the cooling water chamber and the gas
Change the bottom connection of reacting furnace, water vapour is passed through in the gasification reacting furnace；
The gasification system also includes washing saturator, and the bottom of the washing saturator is provided with delivery port, and the washing is satisfied
It is connected with the hydraulic turbine by hydraulic pipeline with the delivery port of tower.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621256833.5U CN206219514U (en) | 2016-11-18 | 2016-11-18 | One kind synthesis ammonia or methyl alcohol system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621256833.5U CN206219514U (en) | 2016-11-18 | 2016-11-18 | One kind synthesis ammonia or methyl alcohol system |
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