CN206210991U - A kind of liquid crystal tunable microwave device - Google Patents
A kind of liquid crystal tunable microwave device Download PDFInfo
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- CN206210991U CN206210991U CN201621288692.5U CN201621288692U CN206210991U CN 206210991 U CN206210991 U CN 206210991U CN 201621288692 U CN201621288692 U CN 201621288692U CN 206210991 U CN206210991 U CN 206210991U
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Abstract
The utility model is a kind of liquid crystal tunable microwave device.Device composition includes n structure identical liquid crystal cell and n roads drive voltage signal source A, n=2 ~ 10；Described liquid crystal cell structure is followed successively by from top to bottom：First glass substrate, the first ITO electrode, first orientation layer, liquid crystal layer, second orientation layer, the second ITO electrode and the second glass substrate；Wherein, spherical resin introns are placed with liquid crystal layer, n described structure identical liquid crystal cell is sequentially overlapped from top to bottom, and the composition of described n roads drive voltage signal source A is n separate waveform generator, and each waveform generator is corresponding with liquid crystal cell respectively to be connected.The utility model every layer of liquid crystal dielectric constant on microwave propagation direction can change according to the multichannel drive voltage signal of user's setting and can adjust outgoing microwave interference and diffraction patterns.
Description
Technical field：
The utility model design is liquid crystal tunable microwave device, can modulate the microwave property under wide range of frequencies, often
Individual liquid crystal layer can be driven by different voltage signals, and obtain different microwave phase shift modulated effects, and multilayer liquid crystal can change
Become microwave phase shift, microwave is interfered or diffraction phenomena, the central primary maximum microwave intensity of enhancing interference may apply to reality
The fields such as production and living, smart antenna and microwave communication.
Background technology：
Because microwave is similar with light wave principle, coherent condition is being met：(1) there is the component being parallel to each other in wave vector；(2)
Frequency is identical；(3) phase difference in observing time between each wave beam keeps constant, and microwave interference phenomenon will occur.In microwave model
In enclosing, many liquid crystal materials still keep sizable dielectric anisotropy so that pursue small size, low weight, low cost, behaviour
Make simple tunable microwave device to be possibly realized.In technical fields such as smart antenna, microwave communications, it is desirable to be able to adjust microwave
Phase.For example, in phased array antenna, the main beam direction of electronic scanning antenna is changed using variable phase-shifter.Prior art is
Through the optical grating construction modulation device by combination of liquid crystals box, voltage-controlled microwave beam modulator is successfully realized.But adopt
On the one hand use a large amount of metals with the device of aluminum strip plate, weight needs further reduction, on the other hand, aluminum strip plate do it is thin after
It is more prone to deformation.
Utility model content：
In order on the premise of identical microwave frequency is input into, improve the microwave intensity of output, and modulate rich and varied
Microwave beam, the utility model proposes a kind of new multilayer-structure microwave modulation device based on liquid crystal.The utility model
Use glass as substrate and plating tin indium oxide (ITO) electrode replaces original aluminum strip plate on the glass substrate, reduce device
Weight.Additionally, by multiple parallel connections, it is separate between each liquid crystal cell, can be without the phase of the different liquid crystal cells of consideration
The influence of adjacent electrode voltage, facilitates applied voltage, is used between each two liquid crystal cell and is matched with glass substrate refractive index identical
Liquid bonds together, convenient to increase the liquid crystal number of plies that device is included.
The technical solution of the utility model is：
A kind of liquid crystal tunable microwave device, device composition includes n structure identical liquid crystal cell and n roads driving voltage letter
Number source A, n=2~10；
Described liquid crystal cell structure is followed successively by from top to bottom：First glass substrate, the first ITO electrode, first orientation layer, liquid
Crystal layer, second orientation layer, the second ITO electrode and the second glass substrate；Wherein, spherical resin introns are placed with liquid crystal layer,
The diameter of introns is equal to the thickness of liquid crystal layer, is 10~70 μm；The width of two oriented layers is identical, and two ends are provided with envelope
Frame glue；First glass substrate and the first ITO electrode right side protrusion first orientation layer 2~5mm of edge, projection accompany the first gold medal
Category folder, it is convenient that drive voltage signal is applied to liquid crystal cell as negative electrode pin；Equally, the second ITO electrode and the second glass base
Plate left side protrusion second orientation layer 2~5mm of edge, its projection also accompanies the second metal clip, used as positive electrode pin；
N described structure identical liquid crystal cell is sequentially overlapped from top to bottom, and the first metal clip of each liquid crystal cell exists
Right side, the second metal clip is in left side；Being distributed as of n liquid crystal cell is arranged in order from top to bottom, two adjacent between the upper and lower liquid
Bonded together using with glass substrate refractive index identical matching fluid between brilliant box；
The composition of described n roads drive voltage signal source A is n separate waveform generator, each waveform letter
Number generator includes the first output pin and the second output pin；Each waveform generator is corresponding with a liquid crystal cell respectively
Connection, two output pins of waveform generator are connected with two metal clips of liquid crystal cell respectively.
The material of first, second described oriented layer is polyimides (PI) material, and thickness is 60~100nm.
The material of described spherical resin introns is acrylic resin.
Described sealant is epoxy resin.
The thickness of first, second described glass substrate is 0.2~1.1mm.
The modulator approach of described liquid crystal tunable microwave device, to carry out wavelength selection or beam direction adjustment；
Method one：Wavelength is selected, and is comprised the following steps：
First, the 1~n output waveform of signal generator is 1KHz simple alternating currents letter in selection voltage signal source A successively
Number；Secondly, it is sequentially adjusted in the voltage knob of all signal generators and keeps the voltage signal phase of all signal generator outputs
Together, microwave intensity is detected using vector network analyzer, stopping voltage when the corresponding microwave intensity of required wavelength is maximum adjusts
It is whole, complete wavelength selection；
Or, method two：Beam direction is adjusted, and is comprised the following steps：
N liquid crystal cell in liquid crystal tunable microwave device is divided into 2~4 groups, every group of liquid crystal cell quantity is identical or different, often
The liquid crystal cell minimum number of group is two；
The corresponding signal generator initial output voltage of every group of liquid crystal cell is set to zero, then, is 1. sequentially adjusted in the 1st group of liquid
The corresponding signal generator of brilliant box, the voltage swing on adjustment correspondence liquid crystal cell, the liquid crystal cell setting identical in same group is applied
Making alive, wherein, initial adjustment voltage is 0.01V, while voltage is adjusted, interference master is detected using vector network analyzer
Whether great microwave intensity is zero, is, then complete wave beam adjustment；2. when not being 0, height adjustment voltage is risen, reuses arrow
Whether the microwave intensity of amount Network Analyzer detection interference primary maximum is zero；It is then to complete wave beam adjustment；If not also being 0, after
It is continuous to repeat the step of rising the microwave intensity of height adjustment voltage-use vector network analyzer detection interference primary maximum；Wherein, often
The secondary step-length for increasing adjustment voltage is 0.01V, and maximum adjustment voltage is 10V voltages (voltage is liquid crystal cell saturation voltage), directly
Microwave intensity to vector network analyzer detection interference primary maximum is zero；If 3. the 1st group of output of all signal generators
Voltage detects that the microwave intensity of interference primary maximum is not zero more than 10V and using vector network analyzer, then by the 1st group of liquid crystal cell
The initial output voltage zero of corresponding signal generator, signal generator in then adjusting the 2nd group changes and applies correspondence liquid crystal
The voltage swing of layer, wherein, the step-length that adjustment voltage is increased every time is 0.01V, and maximum adjustment voltage is 10V voltages, uses arrow
Whether the microwave intensity of amount Network Analyzer detection interference primary maximum is zero；When microwave intensity is 0, wave beam adjustment terminates；When
Not be 0 when, repeat the 1st group the step of；If the 2nd group of output voltage of all signal generators is more than 10V and uses vector net
Network analyzer detects that the microwave intensity of interference primary maximum is not zero, then be sequentially adjusted in follow-up group according to the step of group before
Signal generator, until microwave intensity is 0.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are：
The utility model is simple to operate, and device can irrigate different liquid crystal, and what is be likely to occur after convenient use has
The liquid crystal material of dielectric anisotropy higher.The glass substrate of use is smaller relative to aluminum strip plate density, can make device quality more
Gently, thickness minimum has been able to reach 0.20mm, and glass hard (HRC65Yi Shang) is higher than the hardness of fine aluminium, even if thick using 0.20mm in substrate
In the case of degree, device using the more difficult deformation of glass substrate (glass density is lower relative to aluminium density, and hardness is bigger,
Device quality can be mitigated under same volume and reduce device deformation.).More importantly the thickness of liquid crystal layer is minimum only several
Micron, can substantially reduce driving voltage, improve the response speed of liquid crystal, and the speed for modulating microwave is accelerated.Glass substrate table
Face can meet optimal microwave modulation effect demand with different orientation customized and different anchoring energies.It is every on microwave propagation direction
The multichannel drive voltage signal that layer liquid crystal dielectric constant can be set according to user changes and can adjust outgoing microwave interference
And diffraction patterns.Due to glass density (2.5x103kg/m3) than the density (2.7x10 of fine aluminium3kg/m3) low by about 7%, add whole
Individual substrate can accomplish thinner (glass substrate bilayer 0.4mm, aluminium sheet 1mm, thinner aluminium sheet are easier deformation), and gross weight can be with
Reduce by more than 50%.
Due to distinguishing applied voltage to multilayer liquid crystal box by multichannel drive voltage signal, each layer liquid crystal will be in not same electric field
Lower to produce different dielectric constants, when microwave is propagated in liquid crystal layer, microwave phase will be normal according to the dielectric of this layer of liquid crystal
There are different changes in number, therefore, the phase of outgoing microwave can be identical, or different.When the wave beam of outgoing
Microwave interference and diffraction phenomena will occur, it is possible thereby to apply different driving voltage by the device when meeting coherent condition
Signal produces rich and varied microwave beam.
Brief description of the drawings：
The structure of Fig. 1 the utility model liquid crystal tunable microwave devices；
The front view of Fig. 2 the utility model single liquid crystal cells of liquid crystal tunable microwave device；
Operating procedure when Fig. 3 the utility model liquid crystal tunable microwave devices wavelength is selected；
Operating procedure when Fig. 4 the utility model liquid crystal tunable microwave devices wave beam is adjusted；
When the pretwist angle of Fig. 5 embodiments 1 is different the phase shift of microwave unit length with voltage change theoretical curve；
When the tilt angle of Fig. 6 embodiments 1 is different the phase shift of microwave unit length with voltage change theoretical curve；
When the anchoring energy of Fig. 7 embodiments 1 is different the phase shift of microwave unit length with voltage change theoretical curve；
The superposition of two row monochromatic waves of Fig. 8 embodiments 1.
Specific embodiment：
Such as Fig. 1, liquid crystal tunable microwave device described in the utility model, it is constituted includes multiple structure identical liquid crystal cells
(2 arrive n, and the present embodiment n is 10.) and multichannel drive voltage signal source A.
Such as Fig. 2, described liquid crystal cell structure is followed successively by from top to bottom：First glass substrate 1, the first ITO electrode 2, first
Oriented layer 3, liquid crystal layer 5, second orientation the 6, second ITO electrode 7 of layer and the second glass substrate 8；Wherein, it is placed with liquid crystal layer 5
Spherical resin introns 4, the diameter of introns 4 is equal to the thickness of liquid crystal layer, is 10 μm；Two width phases of oriented layer
Together, two ends are provided with sealant 9；3 edge 3mm of protrusion first orientation layer, convex on the right side of first glass substrate 1 and the first ITO electrode 2
Go out part and accompany metal clip 10, it is convenient that drive voltage signal is applied to liquid crystal cell as negative electrode pin；Equally, the 2nd ITO electricity
The left side of 7 and second glass substrate of pole 8 protrusion second orientation 6 edge 3mm of layer, its projection also accompanies metal clip 11, used as just
Electrode pin.
A small amount of spherical resin introns 4 between described two-layer oriented layer can make liquid crystal cell box thick uniform, (general straight
In several microns between tens microns, material is acrylic resin in footpath).Sealant (material is epoxy resin) 9 is used to prevent
Only in box outside liquid crystal outflow box.
The thickness of described glass substrate is 0.20mm.
The material of two described oriented layers is polyimides (PI), and thickness is generally 60~100nm.
The composition of described multichannel drive voltage signal source A includes n separate waveform generator, and the device is
Commercially available known products, what the utility model was used is the FY3002S type signal generators of Henan Fei Yi scientific ＆ technical corporation, and n is 10.Should
Series of signals generator, using Direct Digital (DDS), can be based on by computer PC control and operating instrument
FPGA design, internal prefabricated 14 kinds of conventional waveforms；Its is easy to use, and signal stabilization degree is high, and low distortion, output signal can
The amplitude of accommodation and direct current biasing.Its voltage output pin e and pin f needed for including two.
Being distributed as of multiple liquid crystal cells in described liquid crystal tunable microwave device is arranged in order from top to bottom, between the upper and lower phase
Bonded together using with glass substrate refractive index identical matching fluid between two adjacent liquid crystal cells, in the utility model
U.S.'s Cargille index-matching fluids are used with liquid.Its order of connection be make liquid crystal cell both sides protrusion direction it is relatively uniform enter
Row superposition, i.e., first the two of liquid crystal cell electrodes a and b drawn using metal clip B respectively (metal holder on the left of Fig. 1 due to
Viewing angle problem is blocked, and Fig. 2 is shown in specific connection), it is connected on respectively 1 in multichannel drive voltage signal source A using wire c and wire d
The output pin e and output pin f of number arbitrary waveform signal generator.Remaining 9 liquid crystal cell uses same procedure, and corresponding
Signal generator connects.
At present, it is thus understood that Yichang Nan Bo photoelectric glass Co., Ltd has been carried out thickness 0.20~1.10mm super-thin electronic glass
The production of glass, on this basis, the utility model can reach modulation and require using the glass of different-thickness according to actual needs.
Bonded together using with glass substrate refractive index identical matching fluid g between two neighboring liquid crystal cell.Described
Matching fluid g can select U.S.'s Cargille index-matching fluids.
When a signal generator in multichannel drive voltage signal source A is to the single liquid crystal cell two ends that are connected by wire
When applying drive voltage signal, the liquid crystal molecule in liquid crystal cell will rotate in the presence of electric field and be finally reached balance
State.Due to the dielectric anisotropy of liquid crystal molecule, liquid crystal molecule overall orientation under electric field action changes, whole liquid crystal
The dielectric constant of layer changes therewith.When microwave is passed therethrough, phase will change.Because microwave is by applying different electricity
Different phases can be produced after the liquid crystal layer of pressure, microwave is interfered, can cause what is propagated along impinging microwave direction originally
The direction of outgoing microbeam changes.
The n number of liquid crystal cell can be primarily used to form optical grating construction with self-defined, form microwave interference, strengthen outgoing
Microwave beam intensity.
Because generally, liquid crystalline phase can subtract for the dielectric anisotropy of microwave with the increase of the frequency of microwave
Small, during by very thin liquid crystal layer, phase shift changes very little, and the microwave for 60GHz, wavelength is 5mm, if still as in display
Light vertical substrate plane it is incident, then it is required that the thickness of liquid crystal layer is sufficiently thick.So that optics shows as an example, with λ=500nm's
Light vertical substrate plane is incident, and the thickness of liquid crystal layer probably needs d=2 μ m-thicks, thickness d=4 λ, with such microwave incidence liquid
Crystal layer, the thickness of liquid crystal layer centimetre magnitude, it is highly difficult that so thick liquid crystal layer realizes that voltage drives, that is, allow to
Drive, voltage also can be very big, and substrate surface anchoring acts on smaller, liquid to the liquid crystal molecule closer to liquid crystal layer zone line
The zone line of crystal layer would is that it is mixed and disorderly, but if using along the incident method of base plan, can so meet micro-
The requirement of ripple propagation distance, and liquid crystal layer is very thin, beneficial to reduction driving voltage.
The modulator approach of liquid crystal tunable microwave device described in the utility model, adjusts to carry out wavelength selection or beam direction
It is whole；
When wavelength select permeability is carried out, comprise the following steps：(such as Fig. 3)；
First, the 1~n signal generator (FY3002S in voltage signal source A is selected successively1-FY3002Sn, n takes here
10) output waveform is 1KHz sinusoidal ac signals；Secondly, it is sequentially adjusted in the voltage knob of all signal generators and keeps institute
The voltage signal for having signal generator to export is identical, microwave intensity is detected using vector network analyzer, until required wavelength pair
The microwave intensity answered stops voltage and adjusts when maximum；
When beam direction adjustment problem is solved, comprise the following steps：
All liquid crystal cells of liquid crystal tunable microwave device are divided into multiple groups, and every group includes a number of liquid crystal cell, i.e., often
Group includes a number of liquid crystal layer, and the voltage of same group of liquid crystal layer applying is identical.Here by taking 10 liquid crystal layers as an example,
It is divided into 2 groups, upper 6 liquid crystal cells are one group, lower 4 liquid crystal cells are another group.The voltage swing that each liquid crystal cell applies is no more than
10V (several microns of liquid crystal cell is that can think to reach liquid crystal cell saturation voltage typically in 10V), longitudinal direction superposition, microwave along
Horizontal direction is propagated, and by that can interfere phenomenon after liquid crystal tunable microwave device described in the utility model, interferes primary maximum
(in optical grating diffraction, interference fringe has a primary maximum, correspond to brightness highest bright fringe, and interference primary maximum is in some light
It is relatively common in correlative theses, herein, the most strong place of interference primary maximum correspondence microwave intensity) the 5th will be appeared in
And the position between the 6th liquid crystal layer.Apply identical voltage to upper 6 liquid crystal layers, lower 4 liquid crystal layers apply identical electricity
Pressure, operating procedure such as Fig. 4 is sequentially adjusted in signal generator FY3002S first1-FY3002S6Change is applied to 6 liquid crystal layers
Voltage swing, be then sequentially adjusted in signal generator FY3002S7-FY3002S10Change is applied to the voltage of lower 4 liquid crystal layers
Size, whether the microwave intensity that interference primary maximum is detected using vector network analyzer is zero.It is not to judge signal generator
FY3002S7-FY3002S10Whether the voltage applied to lower 4 liquid crystal layers does not continue then to be sequentially adjusted in signal hair more than 10V
Raw device FY3002S7-FY3002S10Change is applied to the voltage swing of lower 4 liquid crystal layers, if more than 10V, being sequentially adjusted in signal
Generator FY3002S1-FY3002S6Change is applied to 6 voltage swings of liquid crystal layer, is sequentially adjusted in signal again again afterwards
Generator FY3002S7-FY3002S10Change is applied to the voltage swing of lower 4 liquid crystal layers, is detected using vector network analyzer
Interfere primary maximum microwave intensity whether be zero, be not, then repeat before the step of, be then stop adjustment signal generator
FY3002S1-FY3002S10。
Specially：
As a example by points 2 groups, the corresponding signal generator initial output voltage of every group of liquid crystal cell is zero, is 1. sequentially adjusted in the 1st
The corresponding signal generator of group liquid crystal cell, changes voltage swing (all voltage adjusting step selections for applying correspondence liquid crystal layer
0.01V, similarly hereinafter, 10V voltages are considered liquid crystal cell saturation voltage), detect the micro- of interference primary maximum using vector network analyzer
Whether intensity of wave is zero, is, then complete wave beam adjustment；2. when not being 0, the step of repeat 1. and the 1st group of all signals are ensured
The output voltage of generator is no more than 10V；If 3. the 1st group of output voltage of all signal generators is more than 10V and uses arrow
The microwave intensity of amount Network Analyzer detection interference primary maximum is not zero, then adjust the 1st group of corresponding signal generator of liquid crystal cell
Initial output voltage be zero, then be sequentially adjusted in the 2nd group of corresponding signal generator of liquid crystal cell, change and apply correspondence liquid crystal layer
Voltage swing, whether the microwave intensity that interference primary maximum is detected using vector network analyzer is zero, is, then complete wave beam and adjust
It is whole；4. when not being 0, repeat 1. 2. 3. the step of and ensure the 2nd group of output voltage of all signal generators be no more than 10V.
(the 2nd group of output voltage of all signal generators detects interference primary maximum if it exceeds 10V using vector network analyzer
Microwave intensity situation about being not zero be considered do not exist because it is especially small to there is an interference primary maximum microwave intensity all the time
Situation, it is possible to think in this case, interference primary maximum microwave intensity be zero.If it is considered to this especially small interference master
Very big microwave intensity is still not small enough, then find smaller interference primary maximum microwave intensity in the case of dividing 3 groups from trial.
Again as a example by points 3 groups, the corresponding signal generator initial output voltage of every group of liquid crystal cell is zero, is 1. sequentially adjusted in the
The corresponding signal generator of 1 group of liquid crystal cell, changes voltage swing (all voltage adjusting steps selections for applying correspondence liquid crystal layer
0.01V, similarly hereinafter, 10V voltages are considered liquid crystal cell saturation voltage), detect the micro- of interference primary maximum using vector network analyzer
Whether intensity of wave is zero, is, then complete wave beam adjustment；2. when not being 0, the step of repeat 1. and the 1st group of all signals are ensured
The output voltage of generator is no more than 10V；If 3. the 1st group of output voltage of all signal generators is more than 10V and uses arrow
The microwave intensity of amount Network Analyzer detection interference primary maximum is not zero, then adjust the 1st group of corresponding signal generator of liquid crystal cell
Initial output voltage be zero, then be sequentially adjusted in the 2nd group of corresponding signal generator of liquid crystal cell, change and apply correspondence liquid crystal layer
Voltage swing, whether the microwave intensity that interference primary maximum is detected using vector network analyzer is zero, is, then complete wave beam and adjust
It is whole；4. when not being 0, repeat 1. 2. 3. the step of and ensure the 2nd group of output voltage of all signal generators be no more than 10V.
If 5. the 2nd group of output voltage of all signal generators detects interference primary maximum more than 10V and using vector network analyzer
Microwave intensity be not zero, then adjust the 1st group and the 2nd group corresponding signal generator of liquid crystal cell initial output voltage be zero,
The 3rd group of corresponding signal generator of liquid crystal cell is sequentially adjusted in again, changes the voltage swing for applying correspondence liquid crystal layer, use vector net
Whether the microwave intensity of network analyzer detection interference primary maximum is zero, is then to complete wave beam adjustment；6. when not being 0, repeat 1.
2. 3. 4. 5. the step of and ensure the 3rd group of output voltage of all signal generators be no more than 10V.(points 4 groups of operating procedure with
This analogizes).
During in order to clearly illustrate that PI on glass baseplate surface is orientated and is obtained different anchoring energies using differentiated friction
Microwave phase shift and does not consider the different influence to microwave phase shift of transmission range with the change of voltage, considers that microwave unit is long here
Degree phase shift with voltage change, be not added with voltage and liquid crystal director parallel to substrate when initial phase shift be zero.With liquid crystal thickness
D=10 μm of degree, as a example by microwave frequency f=60GHz.Such as Fig. 5, in described single liquid crystal cell under PI differentiated frictions orientation, pretwist
The difference microwave unit length phase shift of bent angle with voltage change theoretical curve, the border strong anchoring of single liquid crystal cell two, anchoring energy
1x10-3J/m2, 0 ° of tilt angle, with the increase (being selected typically between 0 ° to 90 °) of pre-twist, under identical voltage, microwave
Unit length phase shift is improved.Selection liquid crystal molecule continuous 90 ° of distortion, such as Fig. 6 in upper and lower base plate liquid crystal layer, it is described
In single liquid crystal cell PI differentiated frictions orientation under, tilt angle difference the phase shift of microwave unit length with voltage change theoretical curve,
The border strong anchoring of single liquid crystal cell two, anchoring energy 1x10-3J/m2, as the appropriate increase of tilt angle is (typically between 0 ° to 5 °
Selection), under identical voltage, the unit length phase shift of microwave is improved.Selection tilt angle is 5 °, such as Fig. 7, and described is single
In liquid crystal cell PI difference anchoring energy under the phase shift of microwave unit length with voltage change theoretical curve, with the reduction of anchoring energy,
Under identical voltage, the unit length phase shift of microwave is improved, and is 1x10 for anchoring energy-5J/m2Situation, obtained from Fig. 7
Arrive, liquid crystal cell can just reach saturation state in 3V voltages, reduction device operating voltages that can be apparent, reduce energy and disappear
Consumption.
When being not added with voltage, the phase shift difference between microwave outgoing beam and incident wave beam is fixed.To liquid crystal cell applied voltage
When, the phase shift difference between outgoing beam and incident wave beam changes with voltage.After to single liquid crystal cell applied voltage, not up to
Before liquid crystal cell threshold voltage, microwave unit length phase shift is zero or being basically unchanged, after voltage reaches threshold voltage, microwave unit
Length phase shift is gradually stepped up with the increase of voltage, and maximum unit length phase is reached when voltage reaches liquid crystal cell saturation voltage
Move.Theoretical curve calculation procedure is as follows：
1) equation of equilibrium state of liquid crystal director in liquid crystal cell under fixed voltage, and profit are derived by by liquid crystal elastic theory
Liquid crystal director in liquid crystal cell is simulated with finite-difference iterative method to be distributed.
2) dielectric constant of liquid crystal layer under voltage is fixed by liquid crystal director, and obtains the liquid crystal layer of single liquid crystal cell
To the change value of microwave phase shift.
3) change magnitude of voltage, repeat 1), 2) the step of, obtain the microwave unit length phase-shift value under different voltages.
The phase shift of single liquid crystal cell microwave once it is determined that, the microwave modulation effect of multilayer liquid crystal box holds very much according to following theory
Be easy to get to.By taking two liquid crystal cell superpositions as an example, such as Fig. 8, S1And S2The microbeam passed through in respectively two different liquid crystal cells,
Their frequency is identical, direction of vibration is identical, if their initial phase is respectivelyWithThey are any in overlap-add region
The complex amplitude of point P is：
WhereinAccording to principle of stacking, the complex amplitude for closing vibration in P points is：
The oscillation intensity of P points is
Because
So
I.e.
Wherein δ is S2And S1In the vibration phase difference that P points are produced, it is expressed as：
When the two liquid crystal cells are in identical manufacturing conditions, and when not applying drive voltage signal, its initial phase is expiredSuch as Fig. 8 dotted portions, interference main senior general is appeared on two by-level positions of liquid crystal cell.Selection distortion
90 ° of angle, 5 ° of tilt angle, anchoring energy 1x10-5J/m2Situation, when applying different driving voltage 1.0V respectively to two liquid crystal cells
During with 1.5V, by Fig. 7, can respectively obtainδ=0 is made to obtain the big position of interference main, initially
The difference of phase will be made up by the distance transmitted, and the big position of main will shift as Fig. 8 solid lines are represented, thus
The direction of main beam is changed.When multilayer liquid crystal box；
P point oscillation intensitys are
Similarly obtain
By changing drive voltage signal, primary maximum position will also shift.Therefore, it can by controlling to apply not
Same drive voltage signal, modulates rich and varied microwave beam.
The utility model unaccomplished matter is known technology.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of liquid crystal tunable microwave device, it is characterized by device composition includes n structure identical liquid crystal cell and the driving of n roads
Voltage signal source A, n=2 ~ 10；
Described liquid crystal cell structure is followed successively by from top to bottom：First glass substrate, the first ITO electrode, first orientation layer, liquid crystal
Layer, second orientation layer, the second ITO electrode and the second glass substrate；Wherein, spherical resin introns are placed with liquid crystal layer,
It is equal to the thickness of liquid crystal layer every the diameter of son, is 10 ~ 70 μm；The width of two oriented layers is identical, and two ends are provided with envelope frame
Glue；First glass substrate and the first ITO electrode right side protrusion first orientation layer 2 ~ 5mm of edge, projection accompany the first metal
Folder, it is convenient that drive voltage signal is applied to liquid crystal cell as negative electrode pin；Equally, the second ITO electrode and the second glass substrate
Left side protrusion second orientation layer 2 ~ 5mm of edge, its projection also accompanies the second metal clip, used as positive electrode pin；
N described structure identical liquid crystal cell is sequentially overlapped from top to bottom, the first metal clip of each liquid crystal cell on right side,
Second metal clip is in left side；Being distributed as of n liquid crystal cell is arranged in order from top to bottom, adjacent between the upper and lower two liquid crystal cells it
Between bonded together using with glass substrate refractive index identical matching fluid；
The composition of described n roads drive voltage signal source A is n separate waveform generator, each waveform signal hair
Raw device includes the first output pin and the second output pin；Each waveform generator is corresponding with liquid crystal cell respectively to be connected
Connect, two output pins of waveform generator are connected with two metal clips of liquid crystal cell respectively.
2. liquid crystal tunable microwave device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized by the material of first, second described oriented layer is equal
It is polyimides（PI）Material, thickness is 60 ~ 100nm.
3. liquid crystal tunable microwave device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized by the material of described spherical resin introns is
Acrylic resin.
4. liquid crystal tunable microwave device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized by described sealant is epoxy resin.
5. liquid crystal tunable microwave device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized by the thickness of first, second described glass substrate
It is 0.2 ~ 1.1mm.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106374170A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-02-01 | 河北工业大学 | Liquid-crystal microwave modulation device and modulation method thereof |
| CN108828811A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-11-16 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | The control method of microwave width phase control device and microwave amplitude and/or phase |
| CN112688037A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-20 | 成都天马微电子有限公司 | Liquid crystal phase shifter, preparation method thereof and liquid crystal antenna |
| WO2024040445A1 (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2024-02-29 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Phase modulation surface unit, phase modulation surface structure, and terminal device |
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| WO2024040445A1 (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2024-02-29 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Phase modulation surface unit, phase modulation surface structure, and terminal device |
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