Background technology
Non-bridge PFC circuits replace traditional bridge PFC circuits that have to be widely used at present.Here simply introduce existing
The operation principle of non-bridge PFC circuits.It is illustrated in figure 1 the structural representation of existing two-way pfc circuit staggeredly.Two-way interlocks
Pfc circuit, the staggeredly 180 ° of work of 2 bridge arms, switch element optional MOSFET or IGBT.With reference to Fig. 2, with the bridge arm that L1 connects
As a example by, when switch element Q2 is closed, current loop flows through L1, Q2, and now inductance L1 carries out energy storage, flows through the electric current of inductance L1
Linear rise.Within the turn-off time of switch element Q2, switch element Q1 conductings, current loop is through L1, Q1, electric capacity C, two poles
Pipe D1, now inductance L1 release energy, the electric current for flowing through inductance L1 can linear decline.Until electric current drops to negative current, now
Shut-off switch element Q1.Then need to open switch element Q2.Opening now switch element Q2 typically has two methods:
Method one:The method of fixed Dead Time.The resonance time of interelectrode capacity and inductance L1 is calculated, by fixed input
Voltage, output voltage, inductance initial current value arrange Dead Time and open Q2.As shown in figure 3, the t1 moment turns off Q1, fixing
Time interval after, open Q2 in the t2 moment.But the method has certain deficiency, due to the discreteness and temperature of device, pole
Between voltage etc. affect, the electric capacity at switch element two ends is difficult accurate estimation, causes its harmonic period with inductance in practical application
In be difficult accurate calculating.If harmonic period is long or too short, when Q2 is closed, its both end voltage is possible to very high, cause compared with
Big loss, loses the topological superiority.Secondly, Q2 both end voltages reach the time of the minimum of resonance and input voltage
There is relation with busbar voltage and inductance reverse current, input voltage is low, busbar voltage is high, and inductance reverse current is little all to be caused
The time that Q2 both end voltages reach resonance minimum point is elongated, if working condition changes, when Q2 is closed, its both end voltage also has
May be very high, cause larger loss.
Method two:The method of bridge arm mid-point voltage detection.Detection bridge arm mid-point voltage, when voltage is less than threshold voltage,
Open switch element Q2.As shown in Figure 4, t1 moment switch elements Q1 shut-offs, switch element both end voltage constantly decline, t2
When (the t2 ') moment reaches set threshold voltage U1, switch element Q2 is opened.This kind of method also has certain defect, because
The minimum and input voltage of Q2 both end voltage resonance and busbar voltage and inductance reverse current have relation, and input voltage is high,
Busbar voltage is low, and the little minimum point that can all cause Q2 both end voltage resonance of inductance reverse current is raised.So in order in work model
The interior optimization for realizing loss is enclosed, threshold voltage can not arrange very low.As shown in Figure 4, according to given threshold electricity under dotted line case
Pressure U1, can realize closing Q2 during minimum voltage under this voltage conditions.But under other voltage conditions, the threshold for setting before this
The minimum voltage at two ends when threshold voltage U1 is not capacitor resonance, as shown by the solid line in the drawings, when voltage drops to threshold voltage U1
When just opened Q2, but now electric capacity both end voltage is not preferably minimized value, now opens the switching loss that Q2 causes larger.Thus
As can be seen that the method in most of the cases minimizes switching loss, under partial picture, still there is larger switch
Loss.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of existing two-way pfc circuit staggeredly.
Fig. 2 is the current waveform and the driving voltage waveform of Q1, Q2 of inductance L1 in existing two-way pfc circuit staggeredly
Figure.
When Fig. 3 is the interelectrode capacity resonance in existing two-way pfc circuit staggeredly using fixed Dead Time method its
The oscillogram of both end voltage.
When Fig. 4 is the interelectrode capacity resonance of existing two-way pfc circuit bridge arm mid-point voltage detection method staggeredly its
The oscillogram of both end voltage.
Fig. 5 is the structure chart of the two-way interleaving PFC circuit according to this utility model embodiment.
Fig. 6 is Q1 shut-offs in pfc circuit according to this utility model embodiment, current flow diagrams when Q2 is opened.
Fig. 7 is Q2 shut-offs in pfc circuit according to this utility model embodiment, current flow diagrams when Q1 is not opened.
Fig. 8 is Q2 shut-offs in pfc circuit according to this utility model embodiment, the equivalent circuit diagram and electricity when Q1 is not opened
Hold C1, the voltage oscillogram of C2.
Fig. 9 is that Q1 is open-minded in pfc circuit according to this utility model embodiment, forward current flow graph when Q2 is turned off.
Figure 10 is that Q1 is open-minded in pfc circuit according to this utility model embodiment, negative current flow graph when Q2 is turned off.
Figure 11 is Q1 shut-offs in pfc circuit according to this utility model embodiment, current flow diagrams when Q2 is not opened.
Figure 12 is the voltage current waveform of situation a period of time electric capacity C2 resonance in pfc circuit according to this utility model embodiment
Figure.
The voltage current waveform of electric capacity C2 resonance when Figure 13 is situation two in pfc circuit according to this utility model embodiment
Figure.
Figure 14 is the drive waveforms of pfc circuit the breaker in middle element Q1 and switch element Q2 according to this utility model embodiment
And the current waveform of inductance L1.
Figure 15 is the structure chart of the pfc circuit according to the N roads of this utility model embodiment staggeredly.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing in this utility model embodiment, the technical scheme in this utility model embodiment is carried out clearly
Chu, complete description, it is clear that described example is a part of embodiment of the present utility model, rather than all examples.
As shown in figure 5, soft switch circuit of the present utility model includes power supply unit, power part and control unit.Wherein power supply unit
Link together with power part, power supply unit provides electric energy for power part.
In power part, including one or more pfc circuit staggeredly.By taking interleaving PFC circuit all the way as an example, such as Fig. 5, its
Comprising an inductance L1, a pair of switches element (goes up leg switching elements Q1, lower leg switching elements Q2), and at least one electric
Hold C.The first end of inductance L1 is connected with power pack, and second end of L1 is connected to one end of electric capacity C by switch element Q1;L1
The second end be connected to the other end of electric capacity C again by switch element Q2.Simultaneous Switching element Q1, the also parallel connection one respectively of Q2 two ends
Individual electric capacity, this electric capacity can merge with the output capacitance of switch element and regard C1 as, C2.Switch element (Q1, Q2) is that insulated-gate type is double
Bipolar transistor IGBT or metal oxide semiconductor field-effect official MOSFET.
In power supply unit, power supply (alternating current power supply) one end is connected respectively to electric capacity C two ends, the other end by a pair of diodes
It is connected to inductance L1.When pfc circuit all the way staggeredly has multiple electric capacity C, these electric capacity C can be with parallel processing.
In control unit, including current sample element and electric current comparison controller.Current sample in current sample element
Connected with switch element (Q1, Q2) with the electric current of each switch element of sampling, the sampled output signal of current sample element part
It is connected with the input of the electric current comparison controller.Current sample element includes resistance or Current Transmit or Hall unit
Part.
Electric current comparison controller is by DSP (digital signal processor), MCU (microprocessor), CPLD (complex programmable logics
Device), one or more composition in FPGA (programmable logic array).The outfan of electric current comparison controller is connected to each
The grid of switch element (Q1, Q2), arranges the threshold value of sample rate current to controller, and controller is according to electric current in current sample information
Direction and size carry out controlling switch element.I.e. when sample rate current reaches threshold value, controller will be turned off or open switch element.
Using the method for current detecting come the open-minded of controlling switch element, the Sofe Switch of switch element can be realized, even and if switching
During the capacitor resonance of element two ends, minimum voltage is more than zero, and its two ends has voltage, also can guarantee that and switch is opened in minimum voltage
Element, maximizes and reduces switching loss.In with the pfc circuit of Fig. 5, with alternating current positive half period, the bridge arm of inductance L1 connections is
Example, illustrates the control method of the pfc circuit of this utility model embodiment, wherein electric capacity C1, output capacitances of the C2 for switch element
With the equivalent capacity of shunt capacitance.
As shown in fig. 6, in the ON time of switch element Q2, current loop through inductance L1, switch element Q2, now
Inductance L1 energy storage, flows through the electric current linear rise of inductance L1.
As shown in fig. 7, when switch element Q2 is turned off, when switch element Q1 is not yet opened, still having electric current, electric current on inductance L1
Loop is charged by L1, electric capacity C2, diode VD2, now electric capacity C2, and the voltage Uc2 at electric capacity C2 two ends rises;While electric current stream
Jing electric capacity C1, electric capacity C1 discharge, and Uc1 declines.Until electric capacity C1, C2 discharge and recharges are finished, i.e. Uc1=0, Uc2=Uc, diode D1
Conducting, now opens switch element Q1, realizes that the no-voltage of switch element is open-minded, the electricity of this stage equivalent circuit diagram and C1, C2
Corrugating is as shown in Figure 8.
After switch element Q1 is turned on, current loop through inductance L1, switch element Q1, electric capacity C and diode VD2,
As shown in Figure 9.Now switch element Q1 can be constantly in ON time, so as to the electric current of inductance L1 can linear decline.Open
Close element Q1 to go straight down on negative current, i.e. L1, have negative current, now circuit such as Figure 10.
When control unit detects upper leg switching elements electric current to be dropped to negative current and reach threshold value, controller shut-off is opened
Close element Q1.Now switch element Q1 shut-offs, switch element Q2 are not turned on, and still have electric current on inductance L1, and electric current flows through electric capacity C1,
C2, electric capacity C1 charge, and Uc1 rises;Electric capacity C2 discharges, and Uc2 declines, and now in circuit, current direction is as shown in figure 11.Switch unit
The method opened using current detecting of part Q2, i.e. detection flow through the electric current of switch element Q2 (or Q1), when which drops to zero,
Closure switch element Q2.According to 2 kinds of situation figure explanations of capacitor resonance:
Situation 1:During electric capacity C2 resonance, two ends minimum voltage can arrive no-voltage, and the resonant voltage waveforms of C2 are as shown in figure 12,
The t1 moment turns off switch element Q1, and after electric capacity C2 electric discharges, both end voltage can be reduced to zero, Uc1=Uc, Uc2=0, now switch element
The body diode conducting of Q2, switch element Q2 both end voltages are zero, and the electric current for flowing through switch element Q1 is reduced to zero, works as control unit
Go-on-go measures and flows through the electric current of switch element Q1 or Q2 and be reduced to switch element Q2 is opened when zero, realizes the no-voltage of switch element
It is open-minded.
Situation 2:During electric capacity C2 resonance, two ends minimum voltage can not be down to zero.When input voltage is raised, BUS voltages are reduced,
Inductance reverse current is less than normal etc., can cause the elevated situation of capacitor resonance minimum voltage.When minimum voltage is more than zero, this situation
Electric capacity C2 resonant voltage waveforms figure as shown in figure 13, the t1 moment turn off switch element Q1, hereafter voltage reduction, electric current also by
Gradually decline, the electric current for flowing through switch element Q2 at t2 (t2 ', the t2 ") moment is down to zero, and switch element Q2 both end voltages are minimized
(Umin ', 0), now closure switch element Q2, is minimized switching loss to voltage Umin.It can also be seen that no matter from figure
In what situations, when electric current is down to zero, switch element both end voltage is always minimum, and the method can ensure closure switch unit
During part, its both end voltage is minimum, can at utmost reduce switching loss.
Two kinds of situations of summary, it can be seen that in this utility model embodiment, it is by current detecting, first when switch is flowed through
Closure switch element when the electric current of part is zero, is opened using the achievable no-voltage of the method or is opened out in the case of minimum voltage
Element is closed, the minimum of switching loss is reached.
In Figure 14, the driving voltage waveform of the current waveform of inductance L1, switch element Q1 and switch element Q2 is given.From
As can be seen that switch element Q2 is during turning in Figure 14, the electric current of inductance L1 rises.After closure switch element Q1, inductance L1
Electric current linear decline.When controller detects and flows through switch element Q1 and drop to negative current and reach threshold value, controller
Shut-off switch element Q1, through inductance L1 and electric capacity C1, the resonance of C2 when the electric current of switch element Q1 or Q2 is reduced to zero or connects
Closure switch element Q2 when nearly zero.Here, the electric current of switch element Q1 or Q2 drops to approximately zero, specifically could be arranged to be less than
The half of negative current threshold value.I.e. when the electric current of switch element Q1 or Q2 is reduced to the half less than negative current threshold value, closure switch
Element Q2, can equally reach the effect that switch element is opened near minimum voltage.
Figure 15 is the pfc circuit with N roads interleaving PFC circuit according to this utility model embodiment, its operation principle with
The operation principle of the above-mentioned only pfc circuit of 2 road interleaving PFC circuits is identical.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment includes some exploratory parts, and this part is obtained on the basis of many experiments
The conclusion for arriving, it is therefore an objective to be understood that for ease of those skilled in the art and use utility model.It is familiar with this area
The personnel of technology obviously easily can make various modifications to these examples, and General Principle described herein is applied to which
Without through performing creative labour in his embodiment.Therefore, this utility model is not limited to above-described embodiment, people in the art
According to announcement of the present utility model, the improvement made without departing from this utility model category and modification all should be in this practicality newly for member
Within the protection domain of type.