CN206103037U - Low discharge hemodialysis machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a low discharge hemodialysis machine, hemodialysis ware establish ties on the blood hose, and the dislysate import on the hemodialysis ware feeds through with the exit end that the dislysate advances to manage, the dislysate export on the hemodialysis ware and the entrance point intercommunication of dislysate exit tube, and the hemodialysis ware is equipped with the holding vessel outward, and this holding vessel is placed on the electronic scale, and finished product dislysate storage chamber and waste liquid chamber are cut apart into by the baffle to the inner chamber of holding vessel, the dislysate advances tub entrance point and stores the chamber intercommunication with the finished product dislysate on the holding vessel, is equipped with the flow control device on this dislysate advances to manage, the rear pump has been connect on the dislysate exit tube, the exit end and the waste liquid chamber intercommunication of this dislysate exit tube. The dislysate solution preparation among the current hemodialysis machine has been removed in the present case, and so not only the cost is reduced has by a wide margin avoided the error of joining in marriage liquid moreover, flow control device and pump realization ultrafiltration are adopted in the present case to through the electronic scale mode volume of showing the ultrafiltration of weighing.

Description

Low discharge haemodialysis control unit

Technical field

This utility model belongs to haemodialysis field, more particularly to a kind of low discharge haemodialysis control unit.

Background technology

People carries out the biological metabolism of complexity daily, takes in foreign substance, carries out decomposing, anabolism supplies body institute Need.The various metabolites that body is produced in metabolism must be excreted again simultaneously, and these metabolites and poison Property material excretion mainly completed by kidney.The physiological function of kidney mainly includes 3 aspects, and one is to form urine, two It is to adjust electrolyte and acid-base balance, three is endocrine function.Once obstacle occurs in the renal function of people, body will affected just Normal metabolism, even life.At present, generally by the mode of hemodialysis replacing kidney to be operated.Blood There is on dialyser thin film, the permeability hole of very little on thin film, is provided with, after penetrating fluid is injected in hemodialyzer, penetrating fluid and blood Pressure differential can be formed between liquid, pressure differential can allow waste and excessive water in blood by these permeability holes, so as to Follow the dialysis solution after use to discharge outside hemodialyzer, thus reach the purpose for removing waste and excessive moisture in blood, And the material such as protein in blood can not then pass through these permeability holes.It should be noted that the waste that adult was produced in a day Only several grams, perspiration can be passed through when human metabolism function is normal and urine is discharged, after there is obstacle in human kidney function, these Micro waste will be dissolved in blood.

The waste in filtering blood is not only wanted during hemodialysis, and is also performed to ultrafiltration, i.e.,：It is unnecessary in blood to filter out Moisture so that the water tariff collection in blood is in the reasonable scope, had so both been avoided that Person's edema, is avoided that hypohydration in blood again and affects normal function.

The haemodialysis control unit for being currently used for being grown up is big flow haemodialysis control unit, is specifically because the blood stream being grown up Amount is larger, can typically reach 200ml/ minutes.The haemodialysis control unit for being currently used for being grown up mainly includes blood extracorporeal circulation pump Send and safety assurance system, dialysis solution compounding system, ultrafiltration control system；Blood flexible pipe is usually the doctor of a diameter of more than 3mm With silica gel tube, the two ends of the blood flexible pipe are connected with the biology for needing hemodialysis, and it is external to be in series with blood on blood flexible pipe Circulation pumping and safety assurance system, such as delivery pump, heparin infusion appliance, air detection, arterial pressure detector and venous pressure detection Instrument etc..Dialysis solution import on the hemodialyzer is connected with dialysis solution compounding system by dialysis solution inlet pipe, the dialysis A, B concentrated solution can be configured to be adapted to the dialysis solution of human body by liquid compounding system, and the dialysis solution outlet on hemodialyzer is by saturating Analysis liquid outlet pipe discharges the dialysis solution after use.As the blood flow volume being grown up is big, so the demand of dialysis solution is very big, hospital does not have Method stores and manages so many dialysis solution, therefore directly can not carry out hemodialysis work using dialysis solution；Dialysis solution can only be passed through Compounding system uses concentrate dialysate on-line dilution into dialysis solution.And dialysis solution compounding system is the weight of existing haemodialysis control unit Ingredient is wanted, its cost also accounts for 30% of haemodialysis control unit or so.

In order to realize ultrafiltration and control ultrafiltration volume, there are following two methods at present：1st, the input of dialysis solution and discharge difference Controlled by a pump, during use, adjust the rotating speed of two pumps, when the output of dialysis solution input quantity is more than, blood in dialyser Moisture will add in dialysate outlet tube, the moisture in the blood of people will be reduced, and realize ultrafiltration with the method.And surpass Filter amount is controlled by the speed discrepancy of two pumps.2nd, an effusion meter is connected to respectively on dialysis solution inlet pipe and dialysis solution outlet pipe, when saturating Ultrafiltration is realized during the meter readings that the meter readings in analysis liquid outlet pipe are more than on dialysis solution inlet pipe, and passes through two effusion meters Difference of reading be multiplied by the time to calculate ultrafiltration volume.

Above two Filtration Control method all has very big defect：First method controls to surpass by the speed discrepancy of pump Filter amount, and precise control two pumps will be distinguished and be difficult, and the speed discrepancy of pump is reached desired value and is more difficult to, so result in the control of pump System and computational methods are very complicated, so again in turn increase the control difficulty of pump and reduce reliability, so as to can not be accurate Control ultrafiltration volume.Second method adopts effusion meter, and the value of effusion meter measurement itself is instantaneous value, and precision is poor, thus It is unable to precise control ultrafiltration volume.In sum, existing two kinds of Filtration Control methods are all unable to precise control ultrafiltration volume, and control Method complexity, high cost, reliability are low.

During medical practice, it has been found that not only adult may need hemodialysis because of renal dysfunction, and And infant or toy there is also the probability that hemodialysis are needed because of renal dysfunction.However, infant or petty action The total blood volume of thing is less, and usable blood flow during dialysis is also less, generally 15-40ml/ minutes, it with adult The blood flow of 200ml/ minutes has a long way to go, and is so accomplished by individually designed a suitable for infant or the rill of toy Amount haemodialysis control unit, proposes the application for this.

Utility model content

Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is to provide a kind of suitable for biological low discharge haemodialysis control unit.

The technical solution of the utility model is as follows：A kind of low discharge haemodialysis control unit, including hemodialyzer (1) and dialysis Liquid outlet pipe (4), wherein hemodialyzer (1) are connected on a blood flexible pipe (2), the two ends of the blood flexible pipe and need during use Want the biology of hemodialysis to be connected, and on blood flexible pipe (2), be also in series with blood pumping and safety detecting instrument；The blood is saturating Dialysis solution import on parser (1) is connected with the port of export of a dialysis solution inlet pipe (3), the dialysis solution outlet on hemodialyzer Connect with the entrance point of a dialysis solution outlet pipe (4), the dialysis solution that the dialysis solution outlet pipe is used for after discharging use, its feature It is：The interior diameter of the blood flexible pipe (2) is 0.3-3mm, and the dialysis solution inlet pipe (3) and dialysis solution outlet pipe (4) is interior Equal diameters, and be 3-6mm；The hemodialyzer (1) is externally provided with a closed holding vessel (5), and the holding vessel is placed on On the pallet of electronic scale (6), and the inner chamber of holding vessel (5) is divided into two independent chambers, respectively finished product dialysis by dividing plate Liquid storage chamber (5a) and waste liquid chamber (5b)；The holding vessel (5) is provided with two closed openings, one of opening be with The filling opening that the finished product dialysis solution storage chamber (5a) communicates, another opening is the discharge opeing communicated with the waste liquid chamber (5b) Mouthful；

Dialysis solution inlet pipe (3) entrance point is connected with finished product dialysis solution storage chamber (5a) on holding vessel (5), the dialysis Liquid inlet pipe is provided with a volume control device (K) for controlling dialysate flow；One is connected on the dialysis solution outlet pipe (4) Platform rear pump (50), the port of export of the dialysis solution outlet pipe are connected with the waste liquid chamber (5b).

Due to the blood flow of infant or toy it is more much smaller than adult, so this case is by the interior straight of blood flexible pipe (2) Footpath is reduced to 0.3-3mm, and the interior diameter of the dialysis solution inlet pipe (3) and dialysis solution outlet pipe (4) is equal, and is 3-6mm, so as to Adapt to the blood flow of infant or toy.At the same time, the blood dialysis solution that infant or toy need also significantly subtracts Few, this online liquid mixing system of Large Copacity just to cancel traditional structure provides engineering feasibility, therefore this case eliminates biography Large Copacity liquid mixing system in system structure, the substitute is using the finished product dialysis solution for preparing, and pass through finished product dialysis solution Storage chamber (5a) so not only significantly reduces whole machine cost and reduces volume, and it also avoid extemporaneous preparation storing The security risk that dialysis solution brings, dialysis solution is separated by the dividing plate in holding vessel (5) with the waste liquid after use in addition, so The original dialysis solution of pollution is avoided that just.

Also, this case is controlled using holding vessel (5), electronic scale (6), volume control device (K) and rear pump (50) The flowing of analysis liquid, and dialysis and ultrafiltration are realized, concrete operating principle is as follows：Holding vessel is housed on the pallet of electronic scale (6) (5), finished product dialysis solution storage chamber (5a) of the holding vessel is equipped with finished product dialysis solution, and waste liquid chamber (5b) is for filling waste liquid, operator First the reading of the electronic scale (6) is removed the peel, so that the reading of electronic scale (6) is 0；Then, adjust volume control device (K), make the dialysate flow rate in dialysis solution inlet pipe (3) in maximum rating, the finished product in finished product dialysis solution storage chamber (5a) is saturating Analysis liquid passes through dialysis solution inlet pipe (3) in the hemodialyzer (1), and forms pressure with the blood in hemodialyzer (1) Power is poor, and the pressure differential causes the waste in blood to enter dialysis solution through the permeability hole of permeable membrane on hemodialyzer (1), so as to Dialysis solution is made to become waste liquid, the waste liquid is entered in the waste liquid chamber (5b) in the presence of rear pump (50), and rear pump (50) Rotating speed be always maintained at constant, and the amount very little of waste, be negligible, under this state the flow of rear pump (50) with it is saturating The flow velocity of the interior dialysis solution of analysis liquid inlet pipe (3) is equal；

As operator control adjustment volume control device (K), subtract can the dialysate flow rate in dialysis solution inlet pipe (3) It is little, thus make the output of the input quantity of dialysis solution less than rear pump (50), the difference between output and input quantity just by Moisture in blood is supplemented, and is so achieved that ultrafiltration, and ultrafiltration volume is exactly the difference between the output and input quantity Value, the ultrafiltration volume can be intuitively read from the reading of electronic scale (6).For example, the input quantity of dialysis solution is 200ml, and waste liquid Output be 500ml, then difference 300ml of 500-200ml is exactly ultrafiltration volume, and this 300ml is supplemented by water unnecessary in blood. As the state of an illness of each infant or toy is different, the ultrafiltration volume of needs is also not quite similar, now can be by adjusting stream Dialysis solution input quantity in amount control device adjustment dialysis solution inlet pipe (3), when the reading of electronic scale (6) reaches the ultrafiltration volume of needs Afterwards, controlling volume control device (K) makes the dialysate flow rate in dialysis solution inlet pipe (3) return to maximum rating, can so prevent Only ultrafiltration volume exceedes desired value and causes infant or toy dehydration, is avoided that because Filtration Control (i.e. dialysis solution out of control again Input quantity is more than output, and dialysis solution enters blood) and infant or toy edema are caused, so as to maintain biological normal life Reason function.

After dialysis and ultrafiltration is completed, whole machine is shut down, and closing rear pump (50), and control volume control device makes dialysis solution Dialysate flow rate in inlet pipe (3) becomes 0.

Compared with the Filtration Control structure and method of existing big flow haemodialysis control unit, the Filtration Control structure of this case and side Method is simple, reliable, safe, and very well, ultrafiltration volume can intuitively be shown precision by the reading of electronic scale (6), and Filtration Control structure, Easily implement, with good practicality.And ultrafiltration control system is the important component part of existing haemodialysis control unit, it into This also accounts for 30% of haemodialysis control unit or so.

In summary it can be seen, this case is not the simple modifications to existing big flow haemodialysis control unit, and this case has prominent Substantive distinguishing features and significant technological progress, it is creative.

Compared with the existing big flow haemodialysis control unit suitable for being grown up, this case is suitable for the little of infant or toy Flow haemodialysis control unit, and the Dialyzate blending system in existing haemodialysis control unit is eliminated, then finished product dialysis solution is adopted, this Sample not only significantly reduces cost, effectively reduces machine volume, and avoids the error with liquid, so as to improve safety Property；Meanwhile, the mechanical system that this case is combined using volume control device and pump realizing ultrafiltration, and by electronic scale weighing Mode intuitively showing ultrafiltration volume, this makes it possible to conveniently, be reliably achieved ultrafiltration, and accurately control and intuitively show super Filter amount, overcomes existing haemodialysis control unit well and realizes that ultrafiltration is complicated, and ultrafiltration volume control is difficult, and control accuracy is poor, Filtration Control The high defect of system cost.

Used as the preferred embodiment of this case, the volume control device (K) includes bottom plate (7) and return spring (52), Wherein be connected by two connecting rods (9) side by side between bottom plate (7) and upper fixed top board (8), this two connecting rods with The installing hole of same movable pressing board (10) is slidably matched；The movable pressing board (10) is rotatably assorted with screw rod (11) lower end, should Screw rod top is threadedly coupled with the installing hole on fixed top board (8)；

Area of the dialysis solution inlet pipe (3) between movable pressing board (10), bottom plate (7) and two connecting rods (9) The return spring (52) be set with domain, and two connecting rods (9), the return spring is located at movable pressing board (10) and lower solid Between fixed board (7).

Using above structure, rotate screw rod (11) and movable pressing board (10) can be driven mobile, so as to oppress or unclamp dialysis Liquid inlet pipe (3), so as to reach the purpose of dialysate flow in control adjustment dialysis solution inlet pipe (3), above-mentioned volume control device knot Structure is simple, easy precise control, and easily controllable.Certainly, during practice, other structures form can also be adopted Volume control device (K), such as transfusion device current-limiting apparatus, the embodiment that might not be limited only to described in this case.

Preferably, the interior diameter of the blood flexible pipe (2) is 1mm, the interior diameter of the dialysis solution inlet pipe (3) is 3mm, And adopt medical silicone tube.

In the present case, the blood pumping and safety detecting instrument include delivery pump (12), heparin infusion appliance (13), air Detector (14), flow plug (15), arterial pressure detector (16) and venous pressure detector (17), and blood safety pumping and detection The structure of instrument, species and act on same as the prior art, such as delivery pump (12) is conveying blood of the present utility model Flowing in blood flexible pipe (2), and circulate between haemodialysis control unit and human body, heparin infusion appliance (13) is to blood flexible pipe (2) Interior injection heparin, prevents blood coagulation by heparin, and air detection instrument (14) is whether to enter air in detection blood, if The flowing that air entrapment device (14) may be prevented from blood is entered, arterial pressure detector (16) and venous pressure detector (17) then divide Not Jian Ce blood arterial pressure and venous pressure.

Beneficial effect：This case is the low discharge haemodialysis control unit suitable for biology, and is eliminated in existing haemodialysis control unit Dialyzate blending system, then adopt finished product dialysis solution, so not only significantly reduce cost, effectively reduce whole body Product, and the error with liquid is avoided, so as to improve safety；Meanwhile, this case is combined using volume control device and pump Mechanical system realizing ultrafiltration, and intuitively showing ultrafiltration volume by way of electronic scale weighing, this makes it possible to conveniently, can Ultrafiltration is realized by ground, and is accurately controlled and is intuitively shown ultrafiltration volume, overcome existing haemodialysis control unit well and realize surpassing Filter is complicated, and ultrafiltration volume control is difficult, and control accuracy is poor, the defect of ultrafiltration control system high cost.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is schematic diagram of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of volume control device in Fig. 1.

Specific embodiment

The utility model is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples：

As shown in Figure 1, 2, a kind of low discharge haemodialysis control unit, is mainly entered by hemodialyzer 1, blood flexible pipe 2, dialysis solution Pipe 3, dialysis solution outlet pipe 4, holding vessel 5, volume control device K and rear pump 50 etc. are constituted.Wherein, hemodialyzer 1 is using existing Have structure, it is connected on a blood flexible pipe 2, during use the two ends of the blood flexible pipe and the infant for needing hemodialysis or Toy 51 is connected.Blood flexible pipe 2 adopts medical silicone tube, and its interior diameter is reduced to 0.3-3mm by existing 3mm, and can be excellent Elect 0.8,1 and 1.2mm as.The interior diameter of dialysis solution inlet pipe 3 and dialysis solution outlet pipe 4 is equal, and is 3-6mm, and is preferably 3mm.Also be in series with blood flexible pipe 2 blood safety pumping and detecting instrument, blood safety pumping and detecting instrument include it is defeated Pump 12, heparin infusion appliance 13, air detection instrument 14, flow plug 15, arterial pressure detector 16 and venous pressure detector 17 are sent, these Flow direction of the instrument along blood in blood flexible pipe 2 is sequentially arranged.Dialysis solution import on hemodialyzer 1 is with one thoroughly The port of export connection of analysis liquid inlet pipe 3, the dialysis solution outlet on hemodialyzer are connected with the entrance point of a dialysis solution outlet pipe 4, The dialysis solution that the dialysis solution outlet pipe is used for after discharging use.It should be noted that dialysis solution inlet pipe 3 and dialysis solution outlet pipe 4 are adopted With medical silicone tube, they have elasticity.

Hemodialyzer 1 be can be seen that from Fig. 1,2 and be externally provided with a closed holding vessel 5, the holding vessel is placed on electronics Claim on 6 pallet.The inner chamber of holding vessel 5 is divided into two independent chambers, respectively finished product dialysis solution storage chamber 5a by dividing plate With waste liquid chamber 5b.Holding vessel 5 is provided with two closed openings, and one of opening is and finished product dialysis solution storage chamber 5a phases Logical filling opening, another opening is the leakage fluid dram communicated with waste liquid chamber 5b.

3 entrance point of dialysis solution inlet pipe is connected with the finished product dialysis solution storage chamber 5a on holding vessel 5, is set on the dialysis solution inlet pipe There is a volume control device K for controlling dialysate flow；A rear pump 50, the dialysis are connected in dialysis solution outlet pipe 4 The port of export of liquid outlet pipe is connected with waste liquid chamber 5b.

In the present case, volume control device K includes bottom plate 7 and return spring 52, wherein bottom plate 7 and upper fixed top It is connected by two connecting rods 9 side by side between plate 8, the installing hole slip of this two connecting rods and same movable pressing board 10 is matched somebody with somebody Close.Movable pressing board 10 is rotatably assorted with 11 lower end of screw rod, and the top of the screw rod 11 is connected with the installing hole screw thread on upper fixed top board 8 Connect.And it is possible to be coaxially provided with a rotation handle 53 in the upper end of screw rod 11.Dialysis solution inlet pipe 3 be located at movable pressing board 10, under A return spring 52 is set with region between fixed plate 7 and two connecting rods 9, and two connecting rods 9, the return spring 52 Between movable pressing board 10 and bottom plate 7.

Preferred embodiment of the present utility model is the foregoing is only, it is not with this utility model to limit, all at this Any modification, equivalent and improvement made within the spirit and principle of utility model etc., should be included in this utility model Protection domain within.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of low discharge haemodialysis control unit, including hemodialyzer (1) and dialysis solution outlet pipe (4), wherein hemodialyzer (1) It is connected on a blood flexible pipe (2), the two ends of the blood flexible pipe and the infant or toy for needing hemodialysis during use It is connected, and on blood flexible pipe (2), is also in series with blood pumping and safety detecting instrument；Dialysis on the hemodialyzer (1) Liquid import is connected with the port of export of a dialysis solution inlet pipe (3), the dialysis solution outlet and a dialysis on hemodialyzer The entrance point connection of liquid outlet pipe (4), the dialysis solution that the dialysis solution outlet pipe is used for after discharging use, it is characterised in that：The blood The interior diameter of flexible pipe (2) is 0.3-3mm, and the interior diameter of the dialysis solution inlet pipe (3) and dialysis solution outlet pipe (4) is equal, and is 3-6mm；The hemodialyzer (1) is externally provided with a closed holding vessel (5), and the holding vessel is placed on the support of electronic scale (6) On disk, and the inner chamber of holding vessel (5) is divided into two independent chambers by dividing plate, respectively finished product dialysis solution storage chamber (5a) and Waste liquid chamber (5b)；The holding vessel (5) is provided with two closed openings, and one of opening is and the finished product dialysis solution The filling opening that storage chamber (5a) is communicated, another opening is the leakage fluid dram communicated with the waste liquid chamber (5b)；

Dialysis solution inlet pipe (3) entrance point is connected with finished product dialysis solution storage chamber (5a) on holding vessel (5), and the dialysis solution enters Pipe is provided with a volume control device (K) for controlling dialysate flow；Be connected on the dialysis solution outlet pipe (4) one it is defeated Go out pump (50), the port of export of the dialysis solution outlet pipe is connected with the waste liquid chamber (5b).

2. low discharge haemodialysis control unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The volume control device (K) includes Pass through two connections side by side between bottom plate (7) and return spring (52), wherein bottom plate (7) and upper fixed top board (8) Bar (9) is connected, and this two connecting rods are slidably matched with the installing hole of same movable pressing board (10)；The movable pressing board (10) with Screw rod (11) lower end is rotatably assorted, and the screw rod top is threadedly coupled with the installing hole on fixed top board (8)；

Region of the dialysis solution inlet pipe (3) between movable pressing board (10), bottom plate (7) and two connecting rods (9), and The return spring (52) is set with two connecting rods (9), the return spring is located at movable pressing board (10) and bottom plate (7) between.

3. low discharge haemodialysis control unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The interior diameter of the blood flexible pipe (2) For 1mm, the interior diameter of the dialysis solution inlet pipe (3) is 3mm, and adopts medical silicone tube.

4. low discharge haemodialysis control unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The blood pumping and safety detector Device include delivery pump (12), heparin infusion appliance (13), air detection instrument (14), flow plug (15), arterial pressure detector (16) and Venous pressure detector (17).