CN206096694U - Display panel and device - Google Patents
Display panel and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN206096694U CN206096694U CN201621160998.2U CN201621160998U CN206096694U CN 206096694 U CN206096694 U CN 206096694U CN 201621160998 U CN201621160998 U CN 201621160998U CN 206096694 U CN206096694 U CN 206096694U
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- infrabasal plate
- display floater
- upper substrate
- liquid crystal
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a display panel and device belongs to and shows technical field. Display panel includes that a plurality of sub -pixels are regional, display panel includes infrabasal plate and the upper substrate that sets up the box, and sets up the infrabasal plate with play photocontrol layer between the upper substrate, the one or more side of infrabasal plate is used for the collimated light that incides, go out the photocontrol layer and be used for controlling each sub -pixel regional light -emitting orientation and light -emitting colour, make the regional light -emitting direction orientation of each sub -pixel display panel's middle part, it still is used for controlling the regional demonstration grey level of each sub -pixel to go out the photocontrol layer. The utility model discloses a set up out the photocontrol layer between last infrabasal plate, realized the directional control to display panel's emergent ray to can realize near -to -eye display through this display panel, and improved display panel's transparency.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to display technology field, more particularly to a kind of display floater and device.
Background technology
At present, existing virtual/augmented reality shows and Transparence Display, is using the display panels of traditional structure
(English：Liquid Crystal Display, referred to as：LCD) or organic electroluminescence device (English：Organic Light
Emitting Display, referred to as：OLED) display floater is realized.
Wherein, the emergent ray of the LCD of traditional structure is generally divergent rays, it is impossible to which the direction of emergent ray is controlled
System, and the transparency of the LCD of traditional structure is relatively low.
Utility model content
In view of this, the utility model embodiment provides a kind of display floater and device.The technical scheme is as follows：
In a first aspect, the utility model embodiment provides a kind of display floater, the display floater includes many height pictures
Plain region, it is characterised in that the display floater includes infrabasal plate and the upper substrate arranged to box, and is arranged on the lower base
Go out optical control layer between plate and the upper substrate；There are the infrabasal plate one or more to be used for the side of incident collimated light；
It is described go out optical control layer be used for control each subpixel area light direction and go out light color, make each height
The light direction of pixel region towards the display floater middle part, it is described go out optical control layer be additionally operable to control each sub-pixel area
The display gray scale in domain.
In a kind of implementation of the utility model embodiment, it is described go out optical control layer include be arranged on the infrabasal plate
And the liquid crystal between the upper substrate, grating layer and electrode layer；
The refractive index of the grating layer is n, and no≤n≤ne, no are the ordinary refraction index of the liquid crystal, and ne is the liquid
Brilliant very optical index.
Preferably, the refractive index of grating layer is n=no.
In another kind of implementation of the utility model embodiment, the grating layer includes and each subpixel area pair
The multiple gratings that should be arranged, the screen periods of the corresponding grating of each subpixel area are fixed.
In another kind of implementation of the utility model embodiment, the electrode layer includes the multipair strip that same layer is arranged
Electrode, described each subpixel area corresponds at least one pair of strip shaped electric poles.
In another kind of implementation of the utility model embodiment, the grating layer and electrode layer are successively set on described
Infrabasal plate is towards in the one side of the upper substrate；Or, the grating layer is arranged on the infrabasal plate towards the upper substrate
Simultaneously go up, the electrode layer is arranged on the upper substrate towards in the one side of the infrabasal plate.
In another kind of implementation of the utility model embodiment, when the grating layer and electrode layer are successively set on institute
When stating infrabasal plate towards in the one side of the upper substrate, the strip shaped electric poles are superimposed upon on the grating.
Further, the width of strip shaped electric poles is not more than the width of grating.
In another kind of implementation of the utility model embodiment, the infrabasal plate includes underlay substrate and is arranged on institute
The thin film transistor (TFT) array unit on underlay substrate is stated, the thin film transistor (TFT) array unit is electrically connected with the strip shaped electric poles；
Or, the upper substrate includes underlay substrate and the thin film transistor (TFT) array unit being arranged on the underlay substrate, described thin
Film transistor array element is electrically connected with the strip shaped electric poles.
In another kind of implementation of the utility model embodiment, the electrode layer be face electrode, the electrode layer and
The grating layer is successively set on the infrabasal plate towards in the one side of the upper substrate；
The upper substrate is array base palte, and the array base palte includes the block being correspondingly arranged with described each subpixel area
Shape electrode.
In another kind of implementation of the utility model embodiment, the display floater also includes driver element, described
Driver element is used for the corresponding strip shaped electric poles of described each subpixel area or block type electrode applied voltage.
In another kind of implementation of the utility model embodiment, the thickness of the grating layer is 100nm-1500nm.
In another kind of implementation of the utility model embodiment, the electrode layer be transparent conductive material electrode layer or
Conductive metal material electrode layer.
In another kind of implementation of the utility model embodiment, the thickness of the transparent conductive material electrode layer is
50-1000nm；The thickness of the conductive metal material electrode layer is 30-200nm.
In another kind of implementation of the utility model embodiment, the liquid crystal is blue phase liquid crystal.
In another kind of implementation of the utility model embodiment, it is described go out optical control layer include be arranged on the lower base
Liquid crystal between plate and the upper substrate, and the upper substrate is towards the electrode layer in the one side of the infrabasal plate, the electricity
Pole layer includes multiple strip shaped electric poles, and the plurality of strip shaped electric poles are used to for the display floater to be divided into multiple striped stride areas
The liquid crystal in domain, respectively regional applies the voltage being sized, the electricity that the liquid crystal in each region applies
Pressure size is identical, and the voltage swing that the liquid crystal in adjacent area applies is different.
In another kind of implementation of the utility model embodiment, the upper substrate sets towards the one side of the infrabasal plate
It is equipped with quantum dot pixel layer.
In another kind of implementation of the utility model embodiment, the display floater also includes being arranged on the lower base
Plate and it is described go out optical control layer between, and be successively set on the coupling grating layer on the infrabasal plate, packed layer and ducting layer, institute
The thickness of the thickness more than the ducting layer of infrabasal plate is stated, the refractive index of the packed layer is less than the refractive index of the infrabasal plate.
In another kind of implementation of the utility model embodiment, the display floater also includes being arranged on the upper base
First diaphragm of the backboard in the one side of the infrabasal plate, and be arranged on the infrabasal plate away from the upper substrate one side on
The second diaphragm, the refractive index of the refractive index of second diaphragm less than the infrabasal plate.
Second aspect, the utility model embodiment additionally provides a kind of display device, and described device is appointed including first aspect
Display floater described in one.
In a kind of implementation of the utility model embodiment, the display device also includes side entering type collimated light source,
The side entering type collimated light source is arranged on one or more sides of the infrabasal plate.
The beneficial effect brought of technical scheme that the utility model embodiment is provided is：
The utility model goes out optical control layer for controlling each height picture by arranging out optical control layer between upper and lower base plate
The light direction in plain region, makes the middle part of the light direction of each subpixel area towards display floater, realizes to display surface
The direction controlling of the emergent ray of plate, realizes that nearly eye shows, further, since the display device such that it is able to pass through the display floater
Can not need polaroid, and go out that optical control layer is additionally operable to control each subpixel area go out light color so that display floater
The color film layer of script can be saved, the transparency of display floater can be greatly improved.
Description of the drawings
Technical scheme in order to be illustrated more clearly that the utility model embodiment, below will be to needed for embodiment description
The accompanying drawing to be used is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some realities of the present utility model
Example is applied, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can be with according to these accompanying drawings
Obtain other accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of display floater that the utility model embodiment is provided；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of another kind of display floater that the utility model embodiment is provided；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of another kind of display floater that the utility model embodiment is provided；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of another kind of display floater that the utility model embodiment is provided；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of another kind of display floater that the utility model embodiment is provided；
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of another kind of display floater that the utility model embodiment is provided；
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of another kind of display floater that the utility model embodiment is provided；
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of another kind of display floater that the utility model embodiment is provided；
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of another kind of display floater that the utility model embodiment is provided；
Figure 10 is the structural representation of another kind of display floater that the utility model embodiment is provided；
Figure 11 is the structural representation of another kind of display floater that the utility model embodiment is provided；
Figure 12 is that a kind of liquid crystal region that the utility model embodiment is provided divides schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
It is new to this practicality below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to make the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage clearer
Type embodiment is described in further detail.
The utility model embodiment provides a kind of display floater, and display floater includes multiple subpixel areas.Fig. 1 is this
The structural representation of a kind of display floater that utility model embodiment is provided, referring to Fig. 1, under display floater includes arranging box
Substrate 101 and upper substrate 102, and be arranged between infrabasal plate 101 and upper substrate 102 and go out optical control layer 100.Infrabasal plate
101 there are one or more to be used for the side of incident collimated light.Go out optical control layer 100 for controlling going out for each subpixel area
Light direction and go out light color, make the middle part of the light direction of each subpixel area towards display floater, go out optical control layer 100 also
For controlling the display gray scale of each subpixel area.
Wherein, go out optical control layer 100 for controlling the light direction of each subpixel area and going out light color to refer to, control
The light of particular color is with specific direction from subpixel area outgoing.
When showing, a pixel region can be formed by three subpixel areas, by going out optical control layer 100 three are controlled
The light color that goes out of subpixel area is respectively red, green, blue, then by going out the aobvious of three subpixel areas of control of optical control layer 100
Show gray scale, you can realize the display control to the pixel region.
The utility model goes out optical control layer for controlling each height picture by arranging out optical control layer between upper and lower base plate
The light direction in plain region, makes the middle part of the light direction of each subpixel area towards display floater, realizes to display surface
The direction controlling of the emergent ray of plate, realizes that nearly eye shows, further, since the display device such that it is able to pass through the display floater
Can not need polaroid, and go out that optical control layer is additionally operable to control each subpixel area go out light color so that display floater
The color film layer of script can be saved, the transparency of display floater can be greatly improved.
Wherein, the side of infrabasal plate 101 is to be located at surface between bottom surface and top surface, the bottom surface of infrabasal plate 101 be away from
The surface of upper substrate, the top surface of infrabasal plate 101 is the surface towards upper substrate.
Fig. 2 be the utility model embodiment provide another kind of display floater structural representation, with Fig. 1 provide display
Panel is compared, and optical control layer 100 is gone out including liquid crystal 103, grating layer 104 and electrode layer 105 in the display floater.Referring to Fig. 2,
The display floater includes infrabasal plate 101 and the upper substrate 102 arranged to box, and be arranged on infrabasal plate 101 and upper substrate 102 it
Between liquid crystal 103；One or more (on general display plane in orthogonal both direction, respectively there is one) sides of infrabasal plate 101
Face (side of infrabasal plate as shown in Figure 2 is the face for receiving light) is for incident collimated light；Display floater also includes being arranged on down
Substrate 101 is towards the grating layer 104 and electrode layer 105 in the one side of upper substrate 102；The refractive index of grating layer 104 is n, no≤n
≤ ne, no are the ordinary refraction index of liquid crystal 103, and ne is the very optical index of liquid crystal 103.Wherein, the ordinary light of liquid crystal 103
Polarised light of the polarization direction perpendicular to the optical axis of liquid crystal 103 is referred to, the very light of liquid crystal 103 refers to polarization direction parallel to liquid crystal
The polarised light of 103 optical axises.
The display floater that Fig. 2 is provided to form waveguide optical grating coupling by the way that infrabasal plate 101 and grating layer 104 are set together
Device, one or more sides of infrabasal plate 101 are used for incident collimated light, when collimated light and infrabasal plate 101 are towards upper substrate 102
Simultaneously have angle, and the angle from the upper surface of infrabasal plate 101 more than light when injecting the critical angle of upper substrate 102, collimation
Light is injected after infrabasal plate 101, is totally reflected in infrabasal plate 101, produces m rank guided modes；By Waveguide grating coupler to ripple
The coupling of AD HOC in conducting shell (i.e. infrabasal plate), it is possible to achieve the selection to light direction and color, i.e. waveguide optical grating are coupled
Device is in particular directions coupled out the light of specific wavelength from the one side of display floater.By by each Waveguide grating coupler
Refractive index is set to [no, ne], then adjusts the voltage being applied on liquid crystal layer by electrode layer, you can realize that liquid crystal layer is reflected
The regulation of rate, so as to realize showing the control of GTG；Specifically, grating layer 104 is arranged between upper and lower base plate 101, grating
The slit of layer 104 is filled by liquid crystal 103, when the liquid crystal 103 of certain pixel deflects under the control of the voltage of electrode layer 105, and
When liquid crystal 103 is equal with the refractive index of grating layer 104, now liquid crystal 103 can regard identical material, the He of liquid crystal 103 as with grating
Grating is blanked equivalent to an entirety, the effect of grating, and light cannot be coupled out from infrabasal plate 101, now, the GTG of display
Minimum (GTG is L0)；When the refractive index of liquid crystal 103 and grating layer 104 is maximum, now grating effect is most obvious, light
Coupling is most strong, now, the GTG highest (GTG is L255) of display, thus by adjusting the corresponding electrode of each pixel
Voltage, it is possible to achieve the GTG of each pixel is adjusted.Due to selection index system of the Waveguide grating coupler to light direction, can be by
The light collection that display floater sends, when human eye pupil alignment display floater middle part, can be seen clearly aobvious to display floater middle part
Show the picture of panel, this display floater can be used for realizing that nearly eye shows；Further, because display floater regional is aobvious
Illustrate that light direction is relevant with screen periods, therefore regional can be changed by arranging different screen periods and go out light side
To so as to realize that 3D shows, even applying and shown in simple eye nearly eye 3D.Because Waveguide grating coupler only needs several gratings
Cycle can by light from ducting layer efficient coupling out, and the corresponding screen periods of each pixel are general smaller, often
The area of the corresponding grating of individual pixel is little, therefore Pixel Dimensions can be advantageously implemented high-resolution and shown with very little.Due to waveguide
Grating coupler can save color film for the selection index system for going out light color, and the display floater passes through waveguide optical grating coupling
Incident collimated light is directly coupled into display floater by clutch, eliminates the polaroid in traditional LC D, whole parts of display floater
Constituted using high permeability material, to realize that the Transparence Display and virtual/augmented reality of the high grade of transparency show.Due to the structure choosing
Used as waveguide with infrabasal plate, infrabasal plate thickness is generally larger, the area for entering light is big, therefore with higher light efficiency.
In the utility model embodiment, grating layer 104 includes the multiple gratings being correspondingly arranged with each subpixel area,
The screen periods of the corresponding grating of each subpixel area are fixed.For each subpixel area, the light that screen periods are fixed is set
Grid, realize each subpixel area rising angle and go out the setting on demand of light color, on the one hand can meet virtual reality (English
Text：Virtual Reality, referred to as：VR), augmented reality (English：Augmented Reality, referred to as：) etc. AR nearly eye shows
Show the requirement to light direction, and the selection of light color is realized out by grating, can be without the need for arranging color film layer, it is possible to achieve
The Transparence Display of the high grade of transparency and virtual/augmented reality show.
Specifically, in order to control the light direction of each subpixel area, the light direction court of each subpixel area is made
To the middle part of display floater, the screen periods of grating are arranged according to gradually changing from the middle part of display floater to surrounding.
Further, both can be different with the screen periods of the corresponding grating of two subpixel areas of arbitrary neighborhood；Can also
The screen periods of the corresponding grating of several subpixel areas are identical, then several subpixel areas and adjacent some height
The screen periods of the corresponding grating of pixel region are different.
Wherein, the viewing area of display floater includes that a plurality of data lines and multi-strip scanning line (are located at upper substrate or lower base
In plate), a plurality of data lines intersects the subpixel area for surrounding multiple array arrangements with multi-strip scanning line；Each subpixel area by
Two adjacent scan lines are surrounded with two adjacent data lines, each subpixel area one sub-pixel of correspondence.
Specifically, it is totally reflected in infrabasal plate 101, produces m rank guided modes, effective refraction of m ranks guided mode in infrabasal plate 101
Rate is Nm, λ is the wavelength of the light projected from infrabasal plate 101, now there is following relation：
2 π/λ Nm=2 π/λ ncSin θ+q2 π/Λ, q=0, ± 1, ± 2 ...
Wherein, θ is light direction and the angle of display floater plane normal, ncFor air refraction, Λ is screen periods.
In general AR or VR application scenarios, the light direction of the pixel on display floater on a certain position be often it is fixed (by
The pixel is determined relative to the position of human eye, as shown in Fig. 2 the light of the eyes of the pixel injection of each position can be such as Fig. 2
It is shown), i.e., θ is fixed in above formula, now by adjusting grating period A, you can realize given color light (with injection
The wavelength X correspondence of light) outgoing on assigned direction (corresponding with angle theta).
In the utility model embodiment, the display pattern of display floater can be lateral electric field mode or vertical electric field
Pattern, lateral electric field mode includes plane conversion (English：In-Plane Switching, referred to as：IPS) type, vertical orientated (English
Text：Vertical Alignment, referred to as：VA) type, vertical electric field patterns include electrically conerolled birefringence (English：Electrically
Controlled Birefringence, referred to as：ECB) type.
Fig. 2-Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the display floater of lateral electric field mode, for lateral electric field mode, electrode
Layer 105 includes the multipair strip shaped electric poles 1051 (each pair strip shaped electric poles 1051 include 2 strip shaped electric poles 1051) that same layer is arranged, each
Subpixel area corresponds at least one pair of strip shaped electric poles 1051, and infrabasal plate 101 includes underlay substrate and is arranged on underlay substrate
Thin film transistor (TFT) array unit (Fig. 2-Fig. 4 is not shown), thin film transistor (TFT) array unit is connected with strip shaped electric poles 1051, realizes each
The LCD Controlling of individual sub-pixel, so as to realize the precise control of GTG.Specifically, strip shaped electric poles 1051 are positive and negative is arranged alternately (often
One positive electrode and a negative electrode are included to strip shaped electric poles 1051), strip shaped electric poles 1051 are divided into into two groups according to positive and negative, one of which
Electrically connect with thin film transistor (TFT) array unit, so as to obtain pixel voltage, another group of connection common electric voltage.
As shown in figs 2-4, strip shaped electric poles 1051 are superimposed upon on grating, so as to avoid electrode pair waveguide optical grating light-out effect
Impact.Now strip shaped electric poles 1051 and grating are corresponded, and in order to ensure raster effects, each subpixel area correspondence is at least
Three pairs of strip shaped electric poles.
In the implementation, upper substrate 102 can be transparency carrier, such as glass substrate, resin substrate etc..Upper substrate
102 thickness is 0.1-2mm；The refractive index of upper substrate 102 be 1.5-1.6, preferably 1.52.In addition, upper substrate 102 have compared with
Flatness well and the depth of parallelism, to realize the setting of other film layers.
In the implementation, in infrabasal plate 101 underlay substrate can be transparency carrier, such as glass substrate, resin base
Plate etc..The thickness of infrabasal plate 101 is 0.1-2mm；The refractive index of infrabasal plate 101 is 1.6-2.0, preferably 1.7-1.8.In addition,
Infrabasal plate 101 has preferable flatness and the depth of parallelism, to realize the setting of other film layers.The refractive index of infrabasal plate, need to be more than
The refractive index of adjacent film layers (including liquid crystal, grating layer).
In addition, for Fig. 2-Fig. 4, electrode layer 105 is arranged on infrabasal plate 101, and in other implementation
In, electrode layer 105 can also be arranged on upper substrate 102.Specifically can be with as shown in figure 5, electrode layer 105 be arranged on upper substrate
102 towards in the one side of infrabasal plate 101.
In this implementation, upper substrate 102 can include underlay substrate and the film crystalline substance being arranged on underlay substrate
Body pipe array element, thin film transistor (TFT) array unit is electrically connected with the strip shaped electric poles of electrode layer 105.
Fig. 6-Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the display floater of vertical electric field patterns, for vertical electric field patterns, electrode
Layer is face electrode, and grating is arranged on electrode layer top；Upper substrate 102 is array base palte, and array base palte includes and each sub-pixel
The block type electrode 1021 that region is correspondingly arranged.Upper substrate 102 is array base palte, by the block type electrode 1021 of array base palte and electricity
Electric field is produced between the layer of pole, liquid crystal deflection is controlled, the precise control of GTG is realized.Further, since electrode layer is face electrode, by light
Grid are arranged on electrode layer top, it is ensured that grating slit can be filled by liquid crystal.
In the implementation, array base palte is also electric including underlay substrate and TFT in addition to including block type electrode 1021
Road, wherein underlay substrate can be identical with the structure of upper substrate 102 in lateral electric field mode, attribute, repeat no more here.
In the implementation, the structure of infrabasal plate 101, attribute can with the infrabasal plate 101 in lateral electric field mode in
Underlay substrate structure, attribute are identical, repeat no more here.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 can be the two states schematic diagram of IPS type display floaters, referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, IPS type display surface
Liquid crystal inceptive direction in plate as shown in figure 3, liquid crystal inceptive direction is parallel with infrabasal plate and length direction parallel to strip shaped electric poles,
When electrode is powered up, liquid crystal deflect direction be converted into as shown in Figure 4 (with infrabasal plate parallel and perpendicular to strip shaped electric poles length
Degree direction).By grating layer refractive index be equal to no as a example by, when liquid-crystal refractive-index and grating layer refractive index it is equal, when being no, grating
The effect of layer is blanked, and is coupled out from infrabasal plate without light, and now GTG is minimum, is L0 states；As liquid-crystal refractive-index (ne)
When maximum with grating refractive index (no) difference, the effect of grating layer is most obvious, the coupling efficiency that light is coupled out from infrabasal plate
Highest, now GTG is maximum, is L255 states；It is other grey scalariforms when liquid-crystal refractive-index is between both the above situation
State.Because the change of above-mentioned refractive index is experienced in a first direction in polarization direction with second direction interior energy, first direction is polarization
Parallel to infrabasal plate and perpendicular to the length direction of strip shaped electric poles, second direction is polarization direction parallel to infrabasal plate in direction
And parallel to the length direction of strip shaped electric poles, so needing to add one layer of polarisation in upper substrate surface or on side entering type light source
Piece is selecting a kind of polarised light (first direction or second direction).In addition, for nematic liquid crystal, generally requiring in liquid crystal
The upper surface of layer increases by one layer of alignment film or upper and lower surface (not shown), to control inceptive direction (some liquid crystal materials of liquid crystal
Material is not needed), it is ensured that liquid crystal can in the manner described above be rotated under applied voltage, additionally by the initial of control liquid crystal
The relativeness in direction and polaroid analyzing direction determines display floater, and for normal white mode, (inceptive direction of liquid crystal and polaroid are examined
Folk prescription is to unanimously) or normally black mode (inceptive direction of liquid crystal is vertical with polaroid analyzing direction).Liquid crystal is under the display pattern
Positivity liquid crystal and negative liquid crystal.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 can be the two states schematic diagram of VA type display floaters, referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, VA type display floater
Middle liquid crystal inceptive direction as shown in Fig. 2 liquid crystal inceptive direction is vertical with infrabasal plate, when electrode is powered up, the liquid crystal side of deflecting
To be converted into as shown in Figure 4 (with infrabasal plate parallel and perpendicular to strip shaped electric poles length direction).It is equal to grating layer refractive index
As a example by no, when liquid-crystal refractive-index and grating layer refractive index are equal, when being no, the effect of grating layer is blanked, without light under
Substrate is coupled out, and now GTG is minimum, is L0 states；When liquid-crystal refractive-index (ne) and grating refractive index (no) difference maximum
When, the effect of grating layer is most obvious, the coupling efficiency highest that light is coupled out from infrabasal plate, and now GTG is maximum, is L255
State；It is other gray scale states when liquid-crystal refractive-index is between both the above situation.In the implementation, grating coupling
When the polarization direction for closing light out is first direction, the change of above-mentioned refractive index, the light of other direction of vibration can be just experienced
Realize that respective indices of refraction changes even across liquid crystal, thus polaroid need not be set.In addition, for nematic liquid crystal, one
As need to increase by one layer of alignment film or upper and lower surface (not shown) in the upper surface of liquid crystal layer, to control the inceptive direction of liquid crystal
(some liquid crystal materials are not needed), it is ensured that liquid crystal can in the manner described above be rotated under applied voltage, in addition VA types show
Show that panel is normal white mode.The described above situation that no is equal or close to for grating layer refractive index, now display device
Polaroid need not be added in light emission side or require that side entering type collimated light source is polarised light, you can realize normal display；Work as grating
When layer refractive index is equal to ne or between no and ne, now display device needs to add polaroid in light emission side or requires that side enters
Formula collimated light source is polarised light, and disturbing for controlled polarised light is not deflected by liquid crystal aligning to eliminate out light situation.The display
Pattern typically requires that liquid crystal is positivity liquid crystal.
Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 can be the two states schematic diagram of ECB type display floaters, referring to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, ECB type display surface
As shown in fig. 7, liquid crystal inceptive direction is parallel with infrabasal plate, when electrode is powered up, liquid crystal deflects liquid crystal inceptive direction in plate
Direction is converted into (vertical with infrabasal plate) as shown in Figure 6.So that grating layer refractive index is equal to no as an example, when liquid-crystal refractive-index and grating
Layer refractive index is equal, and when being no, the effect of grating layer is blanked, and is coupled out from infrabasal plate without light, and now GTG is minimum,
For L0 states；When liquid-crystal refractive-index (ne) and grating refractive index (no) difference maximum, the effect of grating layer is most obvious, light from
The coupling efficiency highest that infrabasal plate is coupled out, now GTG is maximum, is L255 states；When liquid-crystal refractive-index is in both the above
It is other gray scale states when between situation.In the implementation, the polarization direction of the light that grating is coupled out is parallel under
When substrate and the length direction perpendicular to grating, the change of above-mentioned refractive index can be just experienced, the light of other polarization directions will not
The change of above-mentioned refractive index is experienced, thus polaroid need not be set.In addition, for nematic liquid crystal, generally requiring
The upper surface of liquid crystal layer increases by one layer of alignment film or upper and lower surface (not shown), to control inceptive direction (some liquid of liquid crystal
Brilliant material is not needed), it is ensured that liquid crystal can in the manner described above be rotated under applied voltage, additionally by control liquid crystal
Inceptive direction determines display floater for normal white mode or normally black mode.Described above is equal or close to for grating layer refractive index
In the situation of no, now display device need not add polaroid or require side entering type collimated light source for polarised light in light emission side,
It is capable of achieving normal display；When grating layer refractive index is equal to ne or when between no and ne, now display device needs
Light side is added polaroid or requires side entering type collimated light source for polarised light, is not controlled by liquid crystal aligning deflection with eliminating out light situation
The problem of the interference of the polarised light of system.The display pattern typically requires that liquid crystal is positivity liquid crystal.
The aforementioned explanation to various display patterns is all based on what nematic liquid crystal was carried out, and in another kind of implementation
In, liquid crystal 103 can also be blue phase liquid crystal in such scheme.Alignment film is not needed using blue phase liquid crystal.It is blue under non-powering state
Phase liquid crystal is isotropic, and in all directions refractive index is identical, and two kinds of polarised lights are n by the refractive index of liquid crystal；Plus
Under electricity condition, blue phase liquid crystal is anisotropic, and ordinary refraction index is no, very optical index is ne, no<n<ne.Can select
It is L0 states (grating refractive index is n) to select isotropic state, and anisotropic states are L255 states, and now two kinds of polarised lights are equal
Can be coupled out, with higher light extraction efficiency；Anisotropic states can also be selected, and for L0 states, (grating refractive index is no
Or ne), isotropic state is L255 states, now needs incident light to be polarised light, or adds polaroid in light emission side.
In the utility model embodiment, display floater also includes driver element, and driver element is used for each sub-pixel
The corresponding strip shaped electric poles 1051 in region or the applied voltage of block type electrode 1021.By driver element to each subpixel area correspondence
Strip shaped electric poles 1051 or the applied voltage of block type electrode 1021 so that the corresponding angle of the corresponding liquid crystal deflection of each subpixel area
Degree, is L255 states when GTG is maximum so as to obtain different display GTGs, is L0 states when GTG is minimum, by gradually adjusting
Section applied voltage realizes 256 greyscale levels.
In the utility model embodiment, grating layer can be transparent dielectric material.Screen periods go out light side by what is designed
To and color determine that dutycycle is generally 0.5, but dutycycle can also be arranged as required to (ratio in actual product design
Such as the purpose for adjusting out luminous intensity, or balance the purposes such as the difference of display floater diverse location brightness).Grating layer 104
Thickness can be 100nm-1000nm, preferably 500nm.Arrange by above-mentioned thickness, meet the demand to grating coupling (dark
Light leak is not advisable under state).For the grating that R, G, B sub-pixel can select same thickness, it is also possible to be respectively directed to the sub- picture of R, G, B
The grating of element design different-thickness, the utility model embodiment is without limitation.
In the utility model embodiment, electrode layer 105 can be transparent conductive material electrode layer, will not be to from infrabasal plate
101 project cause block.Specifically, electrode layer 105 can be the film layers such as tin indium oxide, or metal molybdenum (Mo) etc.
Thin layer.
In the utility model embodiment, the thickness of electrode layer 105, transparent conductive material, such as ITO 50-1000nm；Gold
Category conductive material 30-200nm, meets the demand of above-mentioned requirements and applied voltage.
In the utility model embodiment, the thickness of liquid crystal between upper substrate 102 and infrabasal plate 101 is 1-5 μm, so as to can
To cover grating layer, and it is easy to the isoparametric design of driving voltage.
As illustrated in figs. 2-7, display floater also includes sealed plastic box 106, and upper substrate 102 and infrabasal plate 101 pass through sealed plastic box 106
Connection, sealed plastic box 106 can also avoid side of the light directly from infrabasal plate 102 from injecting in liquid crystal.
As shown in figure 8, display floater can also include being arranged on the of upper substrate 102 in the one side of infrabasal plate 101
One diaphragm 1071, and second diaphragm 1072 of the infrabasal plate 101 in the one side of upper substrate 102 is arranged on, the second protection
Refractive index of the refractive index of film 1072 less than infrabasal plate 101.The protection that diaphragm realizes display floater is set；Second diaphragm
1072 refractive index is less than infrabasal plate, it is ensured that light will not expose from the one side of the second diaphragm 1072.In addition, the first diaphragm
Refractive index of 1071 refractive index less than upper substrate.
Wherein, the first diaphragm 1071 and the second diaphragm 1072 can be the film being attached on upper substrate and infrabasal plate
Layer, thicknesses of layers is less than 0.5mm.First diaphragm 1071 and the second diaphragm 1072 can be to be coated in upper substrate and infrabasal plate
On coating, coating layer thickness be less than 10 μm.The refractive index of the first diaphragm 1071 and the second diaphragm 1072 is less than 1.5.
As shown in figure 9, upper substrate 102 is provided with quantum dot pixel layer 108 towards the one side of infrabasal plate 101.Quantum dot picture
Plain layer 108, breaks up the direction of the light of Waveguide grating coupler injection, makes display floater realize that plane shows.Wherein, quantum dot picture
The similar coloured silk film layer (blue portion can also directly use scattering film) of plain layer 108, quantum dot pixel layer 108 carries certain mist
Degree, can break up light direction, make plane and show, so as to realize the less display device of thickness.Through infrabasal plate and
Grating is irradiated to the light of quantum dot pixel layer 108 and can be blue light, needs the redness for showing and green to pass through blue light booster dose
The quantum dot of son point pixel layer 108 is realized.
As shown in Figure 10, display floater also includes being arranged between infrabasal plate 101 and grating layer 104, and is successively set on
Coupling grating layer 109, packed layer 110 and ducting layer 111 on infrabasal plate 101, the thickness of infrabasal plate 101 is more than ducting layer 111
Thickness, the refractive index of the refractive index of packed layer 110 less than infrabasal plate 101.The program is first by the light of side entering type collimated back
In being coupled into infrabasal plate, then by the coupling grating in packed layer, optical waveguide mode therein is constantly coupled into into waveguide
In layer, due to infrabasal plate thicker (0.1～2mm) herein, with higher light efficiency, as main waveguide (ducting layer 111)
Assistant waveguide, can reach the purpose for lifting light efficiency.
The refractive index of packed layer can be 1.4, and waveguide layer thickness can be 100nm～10um.Coupling grating periods lambda expires
Foot：
2π/λ·NDownM=2 π/λ NUpM+q2 π/Λ, q=0, ± 1, ± 2 ...
Wherein, NUpM and NDownM is respectively the effective refractive index of m ranks guided mode in ducting layer and infrabasal plate.
Figure 11 is the structural representation of another kind of display floater that the utility model embodiment is provided, and is provided with Fig. 2-Figure 10
Display floater compare, the optical control layer 100 that goes out in the display floater only includes liquid crystal 103 and electrode layer 105, electrode layer 105
Upper substrate 102 is arranged on towards in the one side of infrabasal plate 101, electrode layer 105 includes multiple strip shaped electric poles, multiple strip shaped electric poles are used
In display floater is divided into into multiple striped stride regions, the liquid crystal 103 respectively in regional applies the electricity being sized
Pressure, the voltage swing that the liquid crystal 103 in each region applies is identical, and the voltage swing that the liquid crystal 103 in adjacent area applies is not
Together.Referring to Figure 12, the liquid crystal in display floater is divided in multiple striped stride region A, in the manner described above to liquid crystal 103
Applied voltage, so that liquid crystal 103 is also according to striped stride area distribution, same area in the deflection state of powering state
Liquid crystal 103 deflects identical in domain, and the liquid crystal 103 in adjacent area deflects difference, and this deflection way of liquid crystal 103 can be realized
The effect of grating, by coupling of the Waveguide grating coupler to AD HOC in ducting layer (i.e. infrabasal plate), it is possible to achieve to going out
The selection of light direction and color, i.e. Waveguide grating coupler by the light of specific wavelength from the one side of display floater in particular directions
It is coupled out.In the implementation, display floater does not need grating layer, and device architecture is simpler, simplifies manufacture craft.
Specifically, in order that the light direction of each subpixel area towards display floater middle part, electrode layer 105 applies
Gradually change to both sides from display floater middle part to the voltage of liquid crystal.
In the implementation, both can be realized using transverse electric field, now electrode layer 105 includes strip shaped electric poles；Also may be used
To be realized using vertical electric field, now electrode layer 105 includes block type electrode, and face electrode is provided with infrabasal plate.
The utility model embodiment additionally provides a kind of display device, and the device is included shown in the arbitrary width of Fig. 1 to Figure 12
Display floater.
In the specific implementation, the utility model embodiment provide display device can for the VR helmets, VR glasses, mobile phone,
Any product with display function such as panel computer, television set, display, notebook computer, DPF, navigator or portion
Part.
The utility model goes out optical control layer for controlling each height picture by arranging out optical control layer between upper and lower base plate
The light direction in plain region, makes the middle part of the light direction of each subpixel area towards display floater, realizes to display surface
The direction controlling of the emergent ray of plate, realizes that nearly eye shows, further, since the display device such that it is able to pass through the display floater
Can not need polaroid, and go out that optical control layer is additionally operable to control each subpixel area go out light color so that display floater
The color film layer of script can be saved, the transparency of display floater can be greatly improved.
In a kind of implementation of the utility model embodiment, display device also includes side entering type collimated light source, and side enters
Formula collimated light source is arranged on the side of infrabasal plate.Side entering type collimated light source realizes the backlight of display device together with infrabasal plate.
Wherein, side entering type collimated light source can be passed through by the semiconductor laser chip of R (red), G (green), the colors of B (indigo plant) three
Make after mixed light, also can be by the light emitting diode (English of the color of R, G, B tri-：Light-Emitting Diode, referred to as：LED) core
Piece is made after collimation, mixed light, also can be made up after collimation of White-light LED chip, also can be by the cold-cathode fluorescent of strip
Fluorescent tube (English：Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp, referred to as：CCFL) fluorescent tube adds light collimating structure to make, the above
Light-source structure is only for example, and light source is not limited to said structure in the utility model embodiment.For the infrabasal plate with display floater
Width is matched, and side entering type collimated light source can also be the chip of laser or LED core slip consistent with infrabasal plate width, can be with
Arrange before chip of laser or LED core slip and expand structure.The light direction of side entering type collimated light source needs and infrabasal plate method
Line forms an angle, while so that incident light efficiency can form total reflection in infrabasal plate, it is ensured that Waveguide grating coupler
With certain light extraction efficiency.
Preferred embodiment of the present utility model is the foregoing is only, it is all in this practicality not to limit the utility model
Within new spirit and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included in guarantor of the present utility model
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (15)
1. a kind of display floater, the display floater includes multiple subpixel areas, and the display floater includes what box was arranged
Infrabasal plate and upper substrate, it is characterised in that the display floater also includes being arranged between the infrabasal plate and the upper substrate
Go out optical control layer；There are the infrabasal plate one or more to be used for the side of incident collimated light；
It is described go out optical control layer be used to control the light direction of each subpixel area and go out light color, make described each sub-pixel
The light direction in region towards the display floater middle part, it is described go out optical control layer be additionally operable to control each subpixel area
Show gray scale.
2. display floater according to claim 1, it is characterised in that it is described go out optical control layer include being arranged on the lower base
Liquid crystal, grating layer and electrode layer between plate and the upper substrate；
The refractive index of the grating layer is n, and no≤n≤ne, no are the ordinary refraction index of the liquid crystal, and ne is the liquid crystal
Unusual optical index.
3. display floater according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the grating layer includes and each subpixel area pair
The multiple gratings that should be arranged, the screen periods of the corresponding grating of each subpixel area are fixed.
4. display floater according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the electrode layer includes the multipair strip that same layer is arranged
Electrode, described each subpixel area corresponds at least one pair of strip shaped electric poles.
5. display floater according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the grating layer and electrode layer are successively set on described
Infrabasal plate is towards in the one side of the upper substrate；Or, the grating layer is arranged on the infrabasal plate towards the upper substrate
Simultaneously go up, the electrode layer is arranged on the upper substrate towards in the one side of the infrabasal plate.
6. display floater according to claim 5, it is characterised in that when the grating layer and electrode layer are successively set on institute
When stating infrabasal plate towards in the one side of the upper substrate, the strip shaped electric poles are superimposed upon on the grating.
7. display floater according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the infrabasal plate includes underlay substrate and is arranged on institute
The thin film transistor (TFT) array unit on underlay substrate is stated, the thin film transistor (TFT) array unit is electrically connected with the strip shaped electric poles；
Or, the upper substrate includes underlay substrate and the thin film transistor (TFT) array unit being arranged on the underlay substrate, described thin
Film transistor array element is electrically connected with the strip shaped electric poles.
8. display floater according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the electrode layer is face electrode, the electrode layer and
The grating layer is successively set on the infrabasal plate towards in the one side of the upper substrate；
The upper substrate is array base palte, and the array base palte includes the bulk electricity being correspondingly arranged with described each subpixel area
Pole.
9. display floater according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the thickness of the grating layer is 100nm-1500nm.
10. display floater according to claim 1, it is characterised in that it is described go out optical control layer include being arranged on it is described under
Liquid crystal between substrate and the upper substrate, and the upper substrate is towards the electrode layer in the one side of the infrabasal plate, it is described
Electrode layer includes multiple strip shaped electric poles, and the plurality of strip shaped electric poles are used to for the display floater to be divided into multiple striped stride areas
The liquid crystal in domain, respectively regional applies the voltage being sized, the electricity that the liquid crystal in each region applies
Pressure size is identical, and the voltage swing that the liquid crystal in adjacent area applies is different.
11. display floaters according to any one of claim 1-10, it is characterised in that the upper substrate is towards the lower base
The one side of plate is provided with quantum dot pixel layer.
12. display floaters according to any one of claim 1-10, it is characterised in that the display floater also includes arranging
The infrabasal plate and it is described go out optical control layer between, and be successively set on coupling grating layer, packed layer on the infrabasal plate
And ducting layer, more than the thickness of the ducting layer, the refractive index of the packed layer is less than the lower base for the thickness of the infrabasal plate
The refractive index of plate.
13. display floaters according to any one of claim 1-10, it is characterised in that the display floater also includes arranging
In first diaphragm of the upper substrate in the one side of the infrabasal plate, and the infrabasal plate is arranged on away from the upper base
The second diaphragm in the one side of plate, the refractive index of second diaphragm is less than the refractive index of the infrabasal plate.
14. a kind of display devices, it is characterised in that described device includes the display floater described in any one of claim 1-13.
15. display devices according to claim 14, it is characterised in that the display device also includes side entering type collimated light
Source, the side entering type collimated light source is arranged on the one side or the multi-lateral of the infrabasal plate.
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| CN201621160998.2U CN206096694U (en) | 2016-10-24 | 2016-10-24 | Display panel and device |
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| CN201621160998.2U CN206096694U (en) | 2016-10-24 | 2016-10-24 | Display panel and device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106292052A (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-01-04 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | A kind of display floater and device |
| CN107238979A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2017-10-10 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Leaded light component and preparation method, backlight module and display device |
| CN109031789A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2018-12-18 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | A kind of display device |
| EP3736620A4 (en) * | 2018-01-03 | 2021-08-25 | BOE Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Backlight source, manufacturing method therefor, and display apparatus |
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2016
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106292052A (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-01-04 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | A kind of display floater and device |
| WO2018076948A1 (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2018-05-03 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display panel and display device |
| CN106292052B (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2019-04-09 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | A kind of display panel and device |
| US11126054B2 (en) | 2016-10-24 | 2021-09-21 | Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Display panel and display device |
| CN107238979A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2017-10-10 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Leaded light component and preparation method, backlight module and display device |
| CN107238979B (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2020-04-10 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Light guide assembly, preparation method, backlight module and display device |
| US11237429B2 (en) | 2017-08-11 | 2022-02-01 | Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Light guiding assembly and fabricating method thereof, backlight module and display device |
| EP3736620A4 (en) * | 2018-01-03 | 2021-08-25 | BOE Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Backlight source, manufacturing method therefor, and display apparatus |
| US11860400B2 (en) | 2018-01-03 | 2024-01-02 | Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Backlight component, method for manufacturing backlight component, and display device |
| CN109031789A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2018-12-18 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | A kind of display device |
| CN109031789B (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2021-02-09 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display device |
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