CN206040825U

CN206040825U - Anaerobic negative pole photoelectricity microbiological fuel cell

Info

Publication number: CN206040825U
Application number: CN201621056046.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邱凌; 陈潇; 李姗珊
Original assignee: Northwest A&F University
Current assignee: Northwest A&F University
Priority date: 2016-09-15
Filing date: 2016-09-15
Publication date: 2017-03-22
Anticipated expiration: 2026-09-15

Abstract

The utility model relates to an anaerobic negative pole photoelectricity microbiological fuel cell. An anaerobic negative pole photoelectricity microbiological fuel cell, its structure is main includes by the anode chamber and the cathode chamber of mud, the double -phase natural layering of solution formation, establish the positive pole in the anode chamber, establish negative pole and uv light source in the cathode chamber, positive pole and negative pole are linked to each other by the external resistance of wire, and uv light source is controlled by automatic control switch, the anode chamber intussuseption is filled with biological soot particle, plays the effect of biofilm carrier and three -dimensional electrode particle, the dispersion has nanometer tiO2 powder in the cathode chamber solution, as photocatalysis, the utility model discloses utilize the CO2 that self anode chamber is produced as negative pole electron acceptor, through be CH4 at cathode chamber light catalytic reduction CO2, realize that the negative pole does not have the oxidation to collection warp reduction gained CH4 and the CH4 that anaerobic digestion is produced, simple structure, maneuverability is strong, when improving microbiological fuel cell product electrical efficiency, the improvement CH4's of producing output and quality.

Description

Anaerobic cathode luminous microbiological fuel cell

Technical field

This utility model is related to microbiological fuel cell technology, photocatalysis technology, three-diemsnional electrode technology, charcoal application skill Art and methane production utilize technical field, and in particular to a kind of anaerobic cathode luminous microbiological fuel cell.

Background technology

Microbiological fuel cell（Microbial Fuel Cell, MFC）, it is that one kind utilizes microbial metabolism, will be raw Chemical energy in material is converted into the Bioelectrochemical device of electric energy.MFC can utilize agriculture and forestry organic waste material, sludge, city Organic matter in the discarded compositions such as rubbish, industrial pollution waste water is changed into electric energy and other energy substances, meet turn waste into wealth, ring The friendly requirement in border, is one technology for having very much application prospect of pollution control and new forms of energy research field.

However, MFC is also not fully up to expectations in application at present.Seek the high MFC of simple structure, capacity efficiency, one It is directly target that domestic and international researchers are pursued.Appositional pattern microbiological fuel cell（Sediment Microbial Fuel Cell, SMFC）, be structure two-chamber type MFC the simplest, its mainly based on sludge microbe fuel cell, using sludge With the natural subsidence of solution layering feature form biphase, it is biphase it is middle be placed with two electrode of negative and positive respectively, with external circuit composition close Loop.And the biphase of yin, yang electrode is equipped with, the as cathode chamber of SMFC and anode chamber.SMFC the anode chamber and the cathode chamber is produced by natural layering Raw, centre does not have barrier film, and simple structure, internal resistance are little, are the MFC forms of great DEVELOPMENT PROSPECT.

But SMFC belongs to oxygen mainly using oxygen as cathode electronics receptor at present（Air）Negative electrode MFC.And oxygen negative electrode MFC is primarily present the problem of following several respects：（One）Oxygen negative electrode MFC, on the one hand, as oxygen is in MFC liquid electrolytes Dissolubility is less, limits efficiency of fuel cell generation, and the negative electrode that increased the oxygen aeration energy consumption in MFC cathode chambers or need to put into costliness is urged Agent（Such as platinum）To promote the reduction reaction of negative electrode；On the other hand, the dissolved oxygen of negative electrode, can penetrate into anode chamber, in certain journey The anaerobic environment of anode chamber is affected on degree, is brought harmful effect to MFC electricity-producing microorganism living environments, and then is affected the product of MFC Electrical efficiency.Therefore, various countries researchers attempt other electron acceptors used in MFC, such as hexacyanoferrate, biomineralization one after another Manganese oxide, potassium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide and potassium dichromate etc. to be improving efficiency of fuel cell generation.But above-mentioned electron acceptor suffers from needing Consume energy regeneration, be unable to continuous firing and electron acceptor easily penetrates into the restriction of the factors such as anode chamber and extensively cannot apply In the negative electrode of MFC.（Two）Oxygen negative electrode MFC, it is main at present to open wide the structure shape directly connected with extraneous air using cathode chamber Formula, and the anaerobic environment of MFC anode chambers compares beneficial to anaerobic digestion reaction so as to CH is often accompanied by electricity generation process₄、CO₂ Deng the generation of gas, if making these gases directly be thrown in air, environment will be had undesirable effect, such as aggravation greenhouse effect Deng；If rationally can collect, can turn waste into wealth.Xiao Benyi etc. is disclosed（The patent No.：ZL 201410375536.1）One kind is with surplus For utilize the routine MFC synchronous electrogenesis methane phase methods, result of study of fuel, remaining sludge shows that the MFC produces first in synchronous electrogenesis Show during alkane than only electricity production or only methane phase when electricity production rate and methane production rate it is all high, wherein electricity production rate improve 10 ~ 20%, produce Methane rate improves 5 ~ 10%.It can be seen that, using MFC synchronous electrogenesis methane phases, not only contribute to reclaim energy gas, also help rush Enter system electronic transmission, have actively impact to improving MFC synthesis production capacities.

How to simplify MFC structures, improve MFC efficiency of fuel cell generation, find rational cathode electronics receptor and rationally reclaim MFC mistakes Journey energy gas etc., are all to speed up the important research content of MFC popularization and application.

The content of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to overcome above-mentioned deficiency, there is provided a kind of simple structure, and anaerobic digestion techniques, light are urged The anaerobic cathode luminous microbiological fuel cell that change technology and microbiological fuel cell technology are coupled （Photoelectric microbial fuel cells, PE-MFC）.The PE-MFC utilizes itself produced CO₂As negative electrode Electron acceptor, by photo catalytic reduction CO₂For CH₄, negative electrode non-oxidation is realized, and collects Jing reduction gained CH₄With anaerobic digestion institute Produce CH₄, while microbiological fuel cell electricity production efficiency is improved, improve the yield and quality of produced energy gas.

Know-why of the present utility model：

A kind of anaerobic cathode luminous microbiological fuel cell, on the architecture basics of appositional pattern microbiological fuel cell, profit With the biphase natural layering of sludge and solution, two Room are constituted, with the separating surface that two-phase interface is two Room, be anode below interface Room, more than interface is cathode chamber.In anode chamber, microbial degradation or anaerobically digested sludge produce electronics, Hydrogen Proton（H⁺）、CO₂、 CH₄Deng, wherein electronics by external circuit reach negative electrode, H⁺、CO₂And CH₄Cathode chamber is reached through two pole room interfaces.CH₄Directly return Receive, CO₂As cathode electronics receptor, and H⁺Under the conditions of cathode chamber photocatalysis, there is reduction reaction, generate CH₄And H₂O, instead Answer formula as follows：

CO₂ +8 H⁺+8 e^- CH₄+2H₂O

For strengthening the growth and breeding and photocatalysis effect of microorganism in PE-MFC, charcoal granule is added in anode chamber.It is raw Thing charcoal granule, on the one hand as biofilm carrier, the growth and breeding for microorganism provides place and strengthens biological activity；The opposing party Face, plays a part of three-diemsnional electrode particle, increases PE-MFC efficiency of fuel cell generation, strengthens inclined electric field, reduces light induced electron in photocatalysis With the recombination probability in hole, photocatalysis efficiency is improved.

The technical solution of the utility model：

A kind of anaerobic cathode luminous microbiological fuel cell（PE-MFC）, including by sludge, the biphase natural layering shape of solution Into anode chamber and cathode chamber, set anode in the anode room, in the negative electrode room, set negative electrode and ultraviolet source, anode and negative electrode It is connected by wire outer meeting resistance；

The ultraviolet source, is automatically controlled by time switch, in the negative electrode room, away from the anode chamber at least 1cm, Preferably, ultraviolet source adopts submersible type uviol lamp, ultraviolet wavelength is 365nm；

The anode chamber, filled with charcoal granule, preferably, the charcoal grain diameter is 0.45 ~ 0.9mm (20 mesh sieves excessively, but 40 mesh sieves), loading is the 1% ~ 10% of anode chamber's total raw material（Total solid mass fraction, Yu Tong）；

The cathode chamber, is dispersed with nano-TiO in solution₂Powder, preferably, the nano-TiO₂Powder concentration is 1.0 ~ 3.0 g/L；

The anode chamber side arranges and takes（Enter）Sample mouth, is sealed at ordinary times；

The cathode chamber adopts seal cap sealing, and opens up and take（Enter）Sample mouth and air guide port, it is described to take（Enter）Sample mouth is at ordinary times Sealing, the air guide port connect gas collecting apparatus；

Preferably, the resistance, resistance variable range is 500 ~ 1000 Ω；

Preferably, the anode and the negative electrode, using corrosion resistant plate, titanium plate or charcoal tie-plate, graphite cake, carbon felt, carbon The materials such as paper make；

Preferably, in the negative electrode room, with phosphate buffer；

Preferably, adding inoculum in the anode chamber, the inoculum is electricity-producing microorganism and anaerobic digestion microorganism Mixed bacterial, the inoculum addition is the 10% ~ 30% of anode chamber's total raw material；

Preferably, the anode chamber and cathode chamber are made using pmma material；

Preferably, the anaerobic cathode luminous microbiological fuel cell, operating ambient temperature control is at 30 DEG C ~ 40 DEG C Between.

The beneficial effects of the utility model：

（1）This utility model passes through the produced CO in PE-MFC itself anode chambers₂As cathode electronics receptor, realize electronics and receive Body it is self-sufficient, overcome conventional oxygen negative electrode MFC as efficiency of fuel cell generation that oxyty low strap comes is low and corresponding oxygen The energy consumption problem that the measures such as aeration bring, it also avoid with other electron acceptors（Such as：Hexacyanoferrate, the oxidation of biomineralization Manganese, potassium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide and potassium dichromate etc.）As cathode electronics receptor MFC existing for electron acceptor it is renewable Efficiency is low, the problems such as electron acceptor need to be regularly replaced.

（2）This utility model realizes synchronous electrogenesis methane phase, and due to using produced CO during self-operating₂As Cathode electronics receptor, makes CO in final gaseous product₂Concentration is substantially reduced, CH₄Purity is greatly improved, to produced CH₄Serve original Position purification effect, realizes the purpose for collecting higher quality energy gas while electricity production.

（3）The apparatus structure that this utility model is related to is simple, cheap；The method being related to, simple and practical, operability By force.Microbiological fuel cell field, methane production application, stain disease process field are all had and is of great significance.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of anaerobic cathode luminous microbiological fuel cell of the present utility model

In figure：1. anode chamber's sample tap（Injection port）, 2. anode chamber, 3. negative electrode, 4. cathode chamber, 5. cathode chamber closure, 6. resistance, 7 ~ 9. electrical wire interfaces, 10. air guide port, 11. ultraviolet sources, 12. automatic control switch, 13. cathode chamber sample taps（Enter Sample mouth）, 14. anodes, 15. switches.

Specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings this utility model is described in further detail, but embodiment of the present utility model is not limited In this.

Embodiment one：

A kind of anaerobic cathode luminous microbiological fuel cell（PE-MFC）, including by sludge, the biphase natural layering shape of solution Into anode chamber 2 and cathode chamber 4, set anode 14 in the anode room, in the negative electrode room, set negative electrode 3 and ultraviolet source 11, sun Pole is connected by wire outer meeting resistance 6 with negative electrode；

The ultraviolet source, is automatically controlled by time switch 12, in the negative electrode room, away from the anode chamber at least 1cm, preferably, ultraviolet source adopts submersible type uviol lamp, ultraviolet wavelength is 365nm；

The anode chamber side arranges and takes（Enter）Sample mouth 1, is sealed at ordinary times；

The cathode chamber is sealed using closure 5, and is opened up and taken（Enter）Sample mouth 13 and air guide port 10, it is described to take（Enter）Sample mouth Seal at ordinary times, the air guide port connects gas collecting apparatus；

Preferably, the resistance, resistance variable range is 500 ~ 1000 Ω；

Preferably, in the negative electrode room, with phosphate buffer；

Embodiment two：

This utility model is used for the methanogenic test of synchronous electrogenesis：

Anode material：From the excess sludge that sewage treatment plant obtains, stand, until sludge there is no longer large quantity of moisture precipitation Afterwards, the sludge supernatant will be stood to suction out；Sludge crosses 40 mesh sieves to remove greater particle size impurity in sludge after suctioning out clear liquid, obtain Thickened sludge；Obtained discarded fruit tree charcoal under 550 DEG C of isolation air conditionses, after crushed with 20 mesh and 40 mesh sieve bushing screens, Obtain the granular biological charcoal that particle diameter is 0.45 ~ 0.9mm（Granular biochar, GBC）；With thickened sludge as direct fuel, Add 5%（Total solid mass fraction in total raw material, Yu Tong）Granular biological charcoal, and add the 30% fresh biogas slurry of this laboratory As inoculum, after mix homogeneously, together as anode material.

Catholyte：Take and be dispersed with 2.0g/L nano-TiOs₂The phosphate buffer of powder（phosphate buffered Saline, PBS, main component is：KCl 100, NaCl 1000, Na₂HPO₄2750, KH₂PO₄4220, unit：mg/L） 250mL is used as PE-MFC catholytes.

Electrode：Negative electrode 3, anode 14, are made using graphite carbon felt material, and specification is 50 mm × 5mm.

Adopt effective volume electricity production methane phase test, wherein negative electrode is synchronized for the PE-MFC of 500mL for reaction unit Room 4, the volume of anode chamber 2 are 250mL.Take above-mentioned anode material 250mL to load in PE-MFC, away from 2 bottom 1 of anode chamber ~ Anode 14 is imbedded at 2cm；Again above-mentioned catholyte is slowly poured on anode material, is stood, until occurring significantly biphase point Behind interface holding stably, uviol lamp 11 will be installed with（Submersible type uviol lamp, power：3W, wavelength：253.7nm）Negative electrode 3 be suspended from In catholyte, anodic-cathodic spacing 5cm is kept；The wire connected on negative electrode 3 and anode 14, both passes through cathode chamber closure 5, with 500 Ω resistance 6 connect；Cover cathode chamber closure 5, and be passed through nitrogen 10min in bottle and carry out air-out, it is ensured that device it is exhausted To anaerobic environment；Anode chamber's sample tap 1, cathode chamber sample tap 13, are sealed at ordinary times；Uviol lamp 11 is controlled by automatic control switch 12 System；Methane is collected by the connection collection airbag of air guide port 10；PE-MFC is placed in 35 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, 15 are closed a switch, is beaten Uviol lamp 11 is opened, PE-MFC starts to start；When voltage drops to below 50mV, it is believed that a cycle terminates, system base is carried out Matter is changed；For ensureing microbial stability in PE-MFC, sludge, thereon reservation charcoal and biomembrane when changing substrate, is only changed In a device, and retain about 1/4 sludge as seed sludge；By constantly changing substrate, PE-MFC operations are maintained；Microorganism exists Biofilm on charcoal granule adopts natural membrane form, i.e., microorganism natural shape on charcoal in PE-MFC runnings Into biomembrane, by the continuous replacing of cycle substrate, biomembrane is increasingly generated；Initial operating stage, due to the life on charcoal granule Thing film is not formed completely, and PE-MFC electricity productions are little and unstable, after the operation of a period of time, when in continuous 3 cycles When maximum output voltage is not further added by, it is believed that PE-MFC starts successfully, into stable phase.

For being compared, 2 groups of control PE-MFC are set, one of which cathode chamber is without closure 5 and uviol lamp 11, negative electrode 3 Float on negative electrode liquid level, for simulating the MFC with oxygen as cathode electronics receptor（Oxygen cathode sets）；And another group, two electrodes Between contactor 15 disconnect, formed open circuit, be allowed to not produce electricity, for simulating anaerobic digestion reaction vessel（Group is not produced electricity）；2 groups pairs Other conditions and first group of PE-MFC according to PE-MFC（Anaerobic cathode sets）It is identical.

As a result show, in the stable phase, anaerobic cathode sets output voltage improves 66.7% than oxygen cathode sets；Meanwhile, Anaerobic cathode sets gas production improves 5% than not producing electricity group, and methane percentage ratio improves 20%.As can be seen here, anaerobic cathode luminous Microbiological fuel cell is significantly increased than conventional oxygen cathode microbial fuel cell on efficiency of fuel cell generation, and its methane phase product Matter is also remarkably reinforced than conventional anaerobic digestion technology.

Above-described embodiment is this utility model preferably embodiment, but embodiment of the present utility model is not by above-mentioned The restriction of embodiment, it is other it is any without departing from the change made under spirit of the present utility model and principle, modify, replace Generation, combination, simplification, should be equivalent substitute mode, are included within protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims

1. a kind of anaerobic cathode luminous microbiological fuel cell, it is characterised in that：Including by sludge, the biphase natural layering shape of solution Into anode chamber (2) and cathode chamber (4), set in anode chamber (2) set in anode (14), cathode chamber (4) negative electrode (3) and Ultraviolet source (11), anode (14) are connected by wire outer meeting resistance (6) with negative electrode (3).

2. anaerobic cathode luminous microbiological fuel cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is ultraviolet using submersible type Lamp, ultraviolet wavelength are 365nm, are automatically controlled by time switch (12).

3. anaerobic cathode luminous microbiological fuel cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Anode chamber (2) Side arranges sample tap (1), seals at ordinary times.

4. anaerobic cathode luminous microbiological fuel cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Cathode chamber (4) Sealed using closure (5), and open up sample tap (13) and air guide port (10), sample tap (13) seal at ordinary times, described to lead QI KOU (10) connects gas collecting apparatus.

5. anaerobic cathode luminous microbiological fuel cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Anode chamber (2) Made using pmma material with the cathode chamber (4), operating ambient temperature control is between 30 DEG C～40 DEG C.