CN206027135U

CN206027135U - Centrifugal fractionator

Info

Publication number: CN206027135U
Application number: CN201620958226.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 桑立强
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2016-08-26
Filing date: 2016-08-26
Publication date: 2017-03-22
Anticipated expiration: 2026-08-26

Abstract

The utility model discloses a centrifugal fractionator and fractionation method. This centrifugal fractionator includes import, first export, second export, barrel, base, honeycomb duct, center pin, spiral guide plate, and inside the multicomponent fluid entered into the barrel from the bottom import, by supreme flow down, the upflow that spirals under the effect of spiral guide plate moved, forms centrifugal force, and heavy ends are finally flowed out in first export to flowing to the side of the barrel under the centrifugal force effect, the light component gathers in the regional vaporization of center pin, finally through the honeycomb duct above the center pin, then is discharged by the second export, has consequently realized the separation of weight component. The fractionation method, for the non - adds the homogeneous phase separation means of hot type, the simple effectual separation that has realized light component and heavy ends, this centrifugal fractionator has that simple structure, energy consumption hang down, required corollary equipment is few, area is little, uses advantages such as with low costs.

Description

Centrifugal dephlegmator

Technical field

This utility model is related to fractionating technology field, more particularly to centrifugal dephlegmator.

Background technology

Adopting fractionating column and rectifying column the separation process of many components of conventional homogeneous liquid, needing in separation process will be light more Component heating vaporization, after multistage VLE, realizes the separation of weight component, in most cases, tower top after separation The gas phase Light ends for distillating need in water-cooled or air-cooled heat exchanger to be condensed into liquid phase, and bottom of towe then needs to carry out heavy constituent Laser heating distills, and during these, either heats also cooling and is required for consuming big energy, and often separation accuracy is required Higher, the energy consumed required for separating also can be more.

During multicomponent separation being carried out using fractionating column and rectifying column, generally require the larger tower of volume, boil again The plurality of devices such as device, condenser, circulating pump, drainer, not only floor space is big, investment cost is high, and cause operation and Maintenance cost is of a relatively high.

Utility model content

In order to solve problems of the prior art, this utility model provides a kind of centrifugal dephlegmator and its fractional distillation side Method, using the homogeneous separation means of non-heated formula, simple structure, energy consumption are low, required corollary equipment is few, floor space is little, investment And the low advantage of operating cost, the rectifier unit in being applicable to oil plant that is newly-built and transforming and chemical plant, realize energy-conservation Reduce discharging, improve economic benefit.

According to one side of the present utility model, there is provided centrifugal dephlegmator, go out including import, first outlet, second Mouth, cylinder, base, mozzle, central shaft, spiral type flow guide plates.

Cylinder is located above the base, and central shaft is erect positioned in inner barrel central authorities, and spiral type flow guide plates are located at Inner barrel, spiral type flow guide plates are spirally distributed from the bottom to top around central shaft.

Import be located at cylinder body bottom, first outlet be located at cylinder top, mozzle be located at the central shaft top, second Outlet is connected to the upper end of mozzle.

Above-mentioned centrifugal dephlegmator overall structure is simple, and inner barrel is provided with central shaft and spiral type flow guide plates, multicomponent Fluid enters into inner barrel from bottom inlet, flows from the bottom to top, and spiraling in the presence of spiral type flow guide plates flows up, Centrifugal force is formed, heavy constituent to cylinder side flow, is finally flowed out in first outlet under the action of the centrifugal force；Light component is at center The vaporization of axle region is gathered, and eventually through the mozzle above central shaft, is then discharged by second outlet, it is achieved that weight group The separation for dividing.

Also include end cover, end cover is covered in the top of the cylinder, and mozzle passes through end cover.Which is beneficial Effect is that cylinder upper end is sealed, and prevents heavy constituent from having down to upper flowing and is sprayed outside cylinder under the effect of the pressure.

First outlet passes through cylinder side, first outlet to be located at the top of spiral type flow guide plates positioned at cylinder top, First outlet is located at the lower section of end cover, and the upper end of central shaft is located at the inside of mozzle.Its advantage is, light component collection Gather in inner barrel central area, flowed out by outlet after flowing upwardly to mozzle, mozzle is located above spiral type flow guide plates with The upper end of heart axle is located at the inside of mozzle all in order to more fully collect the light component in central authorities.

Import is located at cylinder body bottom side, and import direction is the tangential direction of the spiral type flow guide plates.Its advantage Be so that multicomponent fluid by import enter into cylinder interior energy be given to along spiral type flow guide plates flowing power-assisted, be more likely formed from Mental and physical efforts.

Fractional method, using above-described centrifugal dephlegmator, its method is：

Step S1：Multicomponent fluid is by import tangentially in centrifugal dephlegmator cylinder；

Step S2：Multicomponent fluid flows through spiral type flow guide plates in cylinder, spirals in the presence of spiral type flow guide plates Flow up, centrifugal force is diametrically formed along central axis direction；

Step S3：Under the influence of centrifugal force, low pressure can be formed in the region of close central shaft, and from bottom to top, in Spindle area pressure is gradually lowered, and low pressure causes the lower boiling light component in part to vaporize in the region；Meeting after light component vaporization Liquid phase surface temperature is caused quickly to reduce, the relatively low heavy constituent density of temperature is larger, under the action of the centrifugal force gradually to cylinder side Flowing；

Step S4：In central area, light component entered multiple VLE, gradually accumulated in central axis zone, most Enter eventually and be arranged in the mozzle of cylinder inner top central area, then discharged by second outlet；And heavy constituent is then along barrel side Discharged by first outlet, realize the separation of weight component.

Above-mentioned fractional method, the simple and effective separation for realizing light component and heavy constituent, the centrifugal dephlegmator can be fitted The rectifier unit in oil plant and chemical plant for newly-built and transformation, with simple structure, energy consumption be low, required corollary equipment Less, floor space is little, invests and the low advantage of operating cost.

Description of the drawings

Dimensional structure diagrams of the Fig. 1 for the centrifugal dephlegmator of one embodiment of this utility model；

Top views of the Fig. 2 for centrifugal dephlegmator shown in Fig. 1；

A-A cross-sectional views of the Fig. 3 for centrifugal dephlegmator shown in Fig. 1.

Specific embodiment

Under below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings utility model is described in further detail.

Fig. 1～Fig. 3 show schematically show the centrifugal dephlegmator according to a kind of embodiment of the present utility model.As schemed It is shown, the centrifugal dephlegmator include import 1, first outlet 3, second outlet 2, cylinder 4, base 5, mozzle 6, central shaft 8, Spiral type flow guide plates 9.

Cylinder 4 is located above the base 5, and central shaft 8 is erect positioned in 4 center of inside of cylinder, spiral type flow guide plates 9 Inside cylinder 4, spiral type flow guide plates 9 are around the spiral distribution from the bottom to top of central shaft 8.

Import 1 is located at 4 bottom of cylinder, and first outlet 3 is located at 4 top of cylinder, and mozzle 6 is located at the upper of the central shaft 8 Side, second outlet 2 are connected to the upper end of mozzle 6.

Above-mentioned centrifugal dephlegmator overall structure is simple, is provided with central shaft 8 and spiral type flow guide plates 9 inside cylinder 4, multigroup Shunting body is entered into inside cylinder 4 from bottom inlet 1, is flowed from the bottom to top, is spiraled upwards in the presence of spiral type flow guide plates 9 Flowing, forms centrifugal force, and heavy constituent to 4 side flow of cylinder, is finally flowed out in first outlet 3 under the action of the centrifugal force；Light group Divide the vaporization in 8 region of central shaft to gather, eventually through the mozzle 6 above central shaft 8, then discharged by second outlet 2, therefore Realize the separation of weight component.

Also include end cover 7, end cover 7 is covered in the top of the cylinder 4, and mozzle 6 passes through end cover 7. Its advantage is that 4 upper end of cylinder is sealed, and prevents heavy constituent from having down to upper flowing and sprays cylinder under the effect of the pressure Outside 4.

First outlet 3 passes through 4 side of cylinder, first outlet 3 to be located at spiral type flow guide plates 9 positioned at 4 top of cylinder Top, first outlet 3 are located at the lower section of end cover 7, and the upper end of central shaft 8 is located at the inside of mozzle 6.Its advantage It is that light component is collected at 4 interior central area of cylinder, is flowed out by outlet after flowing upwardly to mozzle 6, mozzle 6 is located at spiral Above deflector 9 and central shaft 8 upper end be located at mozzle 6 inside all in order to more fully collect central authorities light component.

Import 1 is located at 4 bottom sides of cylinder, and 1 direction of import is the tangential direction of the spiral type flow guide plates 9.Which is beneficial Effect is so that multicomponent fluid enters into 4 interior energy of cylinder by import 1 and is given to the power-assisted that flows along spiral type flow guide plates 9, is more easy to Form centrifugal force.

Step S1：Multicomponent fluid is by import 1 tangentially in centrifugal dephlegmator cylinder 4；

Step S2：Multicomponent fluid flows through spiral type flow guide plates 9 in cylinder 4, in the presence of spiral type flow guide plates 9 Spiral and flow up, centrifugal force is diametrically formed along 8 direction of central shaft；

Step S3：Under the influence of centrifugal force, low pressure can be formed in the region of close central shaft 8, and from bottom to top, in 8 areal pressure of heart axle is gradually lowered, and low pressure causes the lower boiling light component in part to vaporize in the region；Meeting after light component vaporization Liquid phase surface temperature is caused quickly to reduce, the relatively low heavy constituent density of temperature is larger, under the action of the centrifugal force gradually to 4 side of cylinder Surface current is moved；

Step S4：In central area, light component entered multiple VLE, gradually accumulated in 8 region of central shaft, most Enter eventually and be arranged in the mozzle 6 of 4 inner top central area of cylinder, then discharged by second outlet 2；And heavy constituent is then along barrel Side is discharged by first outlet 3, realizes the separation of weight component.

Claims

1. centrifugal dephlegmator, it is characterised in that including import (1), first outlet (3), second outlet (2), cylinder (4), bottom Seat (5), mozzle (6), central shaft (8), spiral type flow guide plates (9),

Described cylinder (4) are located above the base (5), and described central shaft (8) are erect in the cylinder (4) inside Centre, described spiral type flow guide plates (9) are located at the cylinder (4) inside, and described spiral type flow guide plates (9) surround the central shaft (8) it is spiral from the bottom to top to be distributed；

Described import (1) is located at cylinder (4) bottom, and described first outlet (3) are located at the cylinder (4) top, the mozzle (6) positioned at the top of the central shaft (8), second outlet (2) are connected to the upper end of the mozzle (6).

2. centrifugal dephlegmator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also including end cover (7), the sealed end Lid (7) is covered in the top of the cylinder (4), and described mozzle (6) pass through the end cover.

3. centrifugal dephlegmator according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described first outlet (3) are positioned at described Side of cylinder (4) top through the cylinder (4), described first outlet (3) are located at the upper of the spiral type flow guide plates (9) Side, described first outlet (3) are located at the lower section of the end cover (7).

4. centrifugal dephlegmator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the upper end of central shaft (8) is located at described The inside of mozzle (6).

5. centrifugal dephlegmator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described import (1) is located at the cylinder (4) bottom Portion side, tangential direction of import (1) direction for the spiral type flow guide plates (9).