CN2059279U - Fully automatic conditioner (refrigerator) protector - Google Patents
Fully automatic conditioner (refrigerator) protector Download PDFInfo
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- CN2059279U CN2059279U CN 89205048 CN89205048U CN2059279U CN 2059279 U CN2059279 U CN 2059279U CN 89205048 CN89205048 CN 89205048 CN 89205048 U CN89205048 U CN 89205048U CN 2059279 U CN2059279 U CN 2059279U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to a fully automatic conditioner (refrigerator) protector of the electro-technical field, comprising a rectifying filter circuit, an under-voltage over-voltage comparison circuit, a delay circuit, a shutdown recognition circuit, an over-current protection circuit and a temperature control circuit. The utility model has the functions of time delay after the power outage, under-voltage, over-voltage, power cut, over-current protection, shutdown recognition, temperature control, etc. The utility model has the advantages of high reliability, strong anti-interference ability, low cost and simple circuit and is applied to air conditioners and refrigerators with various types and kinds.
Description
Full-automatic air conditioner (refrigerator) protector belongs to electrotechnics.
The patent No. be CN88211180-9's " BHQ-02 full-automatic refrigerator protector ", under load-carrying situation, compressor will take place to start and stop again, restart stop again through phenomenon that several times repeatedly could operate as normal.Be after delay time has arrived, relay adhesive, refrigerator (air-conditioning) compressor operating; but compressor just starts, and the relay of protector discharges, and compressor quits work again; just quit work, compressor starts again back and forth repeatedly, generally will repeatedly several times could operate as normal.This phenomenon does not only play a protective role to compressor, and is quite harmful on the contrary.This is because the capacitance decompression that this protector adopted; when in the relay coil during no current; voltage behind the rectifying and wave-filtering is the voltage stabilizing value of voltage-stabiliser tube 2CW116; delay circuit when resistance 5.1M and electric capacity 100 μ F composition; voltage on the electric capacity rises to when being approximately higher than reference voltage 7.5V gradually; the IC4 upset; the relay adhesive; but because the filtered voltage of the adhesive of relay descends very terrible; can't keep the voltage stabilizing value of voltage-stabiliser tube 2CW116, at this moment delay capacitor voltage can descend to some extent, but uses too greatly because of the dropping resistor 4.7K of reference voltage 7.5V voltage-stabiliser tube; cause that reference voltage also descends to some extent, make circuit when bringing onto load not, can exempt from strong stability.But if be with load, in the relay adhesive in a flash, there is spark to produce on the contact, add that load is an inductive load, the interference of spark and the back-emf of inductive load can make sample circuit and other circuit be subjected to impulse disturbances, make the relay can't adhesive, inhaled and put, put suction, had only when moment of relay contact closure, just can not discharge after the adhesive if just in time be near the alternating voltage zero-crossing during no-spark of contact.And, this protector line complexity.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of effectively, reliable, antijamming capability is strong, the full-automatic air conditioner that function is more complete and circuit is simple, cost is low (refrigerator) protector.
Protector of the present invention comprises full-wave rectifying circuit, and is under-voltage, basic circuit that overvoltage comparison circuit and delay circuit are formed and shutdown circuit identification, and current foldback circuit and temperature control circuit four parts are formed.
Technical scheme of the present invention is done further narration in conjunction with the following drawings.
Accompanying drawing 1, be protector basic principle complete schematic diagram.
Accompanying drawing 2, JZB-1 type air conditioner protector circuit.
Accompanying drawing 3, JZB-2 type air conditioner protector circuit.
Accompanying drawing 4, JZA-3 type refrigerator protector line.
Be the basic circuit part in (1) the individual frame of broken lines in the accompanying drawing 1, it is under-voltage by current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, and overvoltage comparison circuit and delay circuit are formed.Be described below respectively:
1, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit
Current rectifying and wave filtering circuit is to adopt the capacitance decompression full-wave rectification.Resistance R 1 among the figure is general with about 200 Ω, and power must be greater than 1/2W.Its effect has been a metering function, in order to avoid excessive at the moment impact electric current of energized.And burn out voltage-stabiliser tube DW1.Electric charge after resistance R 29 has a power failure in order to rapid elimination on the capacitor C 1.The voltage stabilizing value of voltage-stabiliser tube DW1 is determined that by the operational voltage value of relay J 1 its power should be greater than 1W.Capacitor C 2 is a filter capacitor, and its capacity is 100 μ F, and withstand voltage should be greater than the voltage stabilizing value of voltage-stabiliser tube DW1.
2, under-voltage, overvoltage comparator
Under-voltage, the overvoltage comparator of general protector must just can be finished with two comparators (or amplifier), and this circuit is only finished under-voltage and twice comparison of overvoltage with an amplifier piece and a sample circuit.Sampling voltage obtains from the R4 of resistance R 3, R4 series circuit, the rectification of sampling voltage smoothly is made up of diode D6, capacitor C 3 and resistance R 5, voltage-stabiliser tube DW2 and DW3 are two reference voltages of comparison circuit, the voltage stabilizing value of DW3 must be higher than the voltage stabilizing value of DW2, if DW1 selects 24V, then DW2 can select 7.5V for use, and DW3 selects 8.2V for use.If DW1 selects 12V for use, DW2 can select 4.3V for use, and DW3 then selects 5.1V for use.
The basic principle of this circuit is, making input terminal voltage with voltage regulator is 180V, and amplifier piece IC1 in-phase end A point voltage slightly 6.8 volts (DW2 voltage stabilizing value is 7.5 volts) is A point voltage=7.5V-0.7V.Regulate resistance R 4, make the B point voltage a little more than the A point voltage, because the voltage stabilizing value of DW3 is 8.2 volts, not conducting as yet, so the current potential that B ' current potential and B are ordered is identical, amplifier piece IC1 output C point becomes low level by high level.With the voltage regulator input terminal voltage (the A point voltage is constant) that raises gradually, the B point voltage raises along with the rising of input terminal voltage, and when the B point voltage rose to 7.5V, A point voltage and B ' point voltage all raise and raise along with the B point voltage.The A point voltage is done linear the increase with the increase of input voltage, and B ' point voltage is because the effect of DW3 voltage stabilizing, but does non-linear increase (speed slows down) with the increase of input voltage.Regulate resistance R 7 and can change pressure point, the R7 value reduces, and crosses pressure point and reduces, otherwise raise.Be input voltage when being higher than the overvoltage point voltage (the A point voltage is higher than B ' point voltage), amplifier piece IC1 output C point voltage becomes high level by low level.
Triode BG1 is an inverter, and promptly the C point voltage becomes non-relation (C=E) with the E point voltage, if the negative terminal of A point and IC1 is joined, B ' some anode with IC1 joins, and does not then just need the adjunction inverter between IC1 and IC2.But must consider at under-voltage point and cross pressure point and will can obtain certain return difference.Facts have proved that air-conditioning or refrigerator protector should have the return difference that is not less than 3 volts relatively good at overvoltage, under-voltage point.Air conditioner particularly; because the air-conditioning current ratio is bigger; if line condition is bad; and stopping again after air conditioner starts will appear just in time near under-voltage some the time in line voltage; situation about starting again after the time-delay if certain return difference is arranged, makes the voltage of the under-voltage startup of protector be higher than under-voltage release voltage; the overvoltage release voltage is higher than the overvoltage starting resistor, just can avoid the generation of above-mentioned situation.Just can settle out preferably in case start, can avoid again causing that because of a small amount of swing of voltage above-mentioned situation takes place air conditioner (or refrigerator) at under-voltage point or mistake pressure point.Diode D8 and resistance R 8 series connection branch road in parallel with IC1 again, in order to make circuit can produce return difference, the adjustable size of return difference is put in order the resistance of R8 exactly.
3, delay circuit
This delay circuit is shown in the circuit diagram on the right in accompanying drawing 1 (1) frame of broken lines.Its element is cross-over connection diode D9 between the anode E of amplifier piece IC2 and output F, the charging circuit that cross-over connection is connected with resistance R 13 by diode D10 between negative terminal G and the output F, voltage-stabiliser tube DW4, capacitor C 4, after resistance R 12 three's parallel connections, one termination IC2 negative terminal G, the other end is connected to the common point of capacitor C 5 and relay J 1.The time-lag action of this circuit is after occurring in outage, rather than after occurring in power supply.Like this, as long as power-off time surpasses the delay time of protector, power supply once more, air conditioner (or refrigerator) just can start immediately.Its basic functional principle is that Qi Shishi, G point current potential are zero, work as supply power voltage, just often (180V-240V), promptly C point current potential is a low level, the D point is high level (for the voltage stabilizing value of DW1), join through resistance R 11, diode D9 and F point, the F point is at this moment zero, and the E point voltage is about 0.7 volt, because of the E point is higher than G point current potential, F point current potential is risen, and F point current potential rises E point current potential is also risen (because this moment, D point current potential was a high level), charges to capacitor C 4 through diode D10 and resistance R 13.G point current potential also and then rises, and key is that the E point current potential rate of climb is faster than the G point, and stable back E point voltage is higher than the G point, and the final voltage value that G is ordered is the voltage stabilizing value of voltage-stabiliser tube DW4.F point current potential rises to relay J 1 adhesive, and air conditioner is started working.Power immediately after the outage if occur.Circuit enters the time-delay state.Because instantaneous power failure is at Qi Shishi, the IC2 negative terminal is high level (the voltage stabilizing value of DW4), the F point must be low level, E point (IC2 anode) is clamped at 0.7 volt, have only when capacitor C 4 two terminal voltage values to discharge into when being lower than 0.7 volt through resistance R 12, circuit overturns immediately, relay J 1 adhesive, air conditioner is worked again, and delay time is by the time constant decision of C4, R12.
G point current potential should not be too high, is generally the current potential that 1/2 E is ordered, so that improve the antijamming capability of circuit.Increase R13 and can reduce G point current potential, but R13 is the charging interval of conference prolongation C4 too, after the power supply, the very fast outage not enough phenomenon of can delaying time, therefore at capacitor C 4 two ends and meet voltage-stabiliser tube DW4, both can reduce G point current potential, and can shorten G point current potential again greatly and reach the stationary value required time.
Two, shutdown circuit identification
In accompanying drawing 1 (2) frame of broken lines is shutdown circuit identification, and its effect is after the air conditioner shutdown, breaks though be contained in the protector power supply of outside; but can make protector output outage time-delay; less than delay time, machine do not left by air conditioner, thereby avoids causing because of misoperation the damage of compressor.
The key of shutdown circuit identification is to control the current potential that J is ordered.F point in delay circuit is a high level, relay J 1 adhesive, and the output J point that air conditioner starts back IC3 is a high level.When closing air conditioner; J point current potential sports low level by high level; it is that low level (being lower than G point current potential) causes F point current potential to become low level by high level that charging moment that the charging current of capacitor C 7 flows through resistance R 11 makes E point potential jump; relay J 1 is discharged; air conditioner is shut down, and circuit enters the time-delay state.If need open air conditioner again, must treat that the time-delay state finishes, thereby protect compressor.
Transformer T1 primary coil is to be serially connected in the zero line loop of power supply circuits, and during air conditioner work, T1 is elementary just to have electric current to flow through, and makes secondary coil that induced voltage be arranged.The induced voltage in this 50 week is formed halfwave rectifier and filter circuit through diode D11, capacitor C 6 and potentiometer W1 and is obtained direct voltage and add to the in-phase end H point of amplifier piece IC3 through R15, and its voltage swing depends on T1 primary current size.The end of oppisite phase I point of IC3 is added with takes from the fixed voltage of voltage-stabiliser tube DW2 through resistance R 16, R17 dividing potential drop.Therefore when the elementary no current of T1, the J point is a low level, and just capacitor C 7 is equivalent to ground connection, does not influence delay circuit and enters operating state.When air conditioner was started shooting, H point current potential was higher than I point current potential, and J point current potential becomes high level by low level, but does not influence the operating state of delay circuit.T1 primary coil no current when closing air conditioner, J point current potential becomes low level by high level, and the charging current of capacitor C 7 makes E point current potential moment sport low level, causes delay circuit to transfer the time-delay state to by operating state.
Another effect of capacitor C 7 is to produce instantaneous spark in the time of can improving because of relay J 1 adhesive and disturb the instantaneous drop that causes D point current potential in the delay circuit.If there is not this electric capacity.E point current potential is inevitable in the delay circuit descends with D point current potential, cause IC2 to enter the time-delay state, and relay J 1 discharges, and time-delay finishes, and J1 is adhesive again, again because of the spark interference and make circuit enter the time-delay state.Because of the existence of C7, when the instantaneous drop of D point current potential, E point current potential can not drop immediately, thereby has avoided spark to disturb the instability that causes circuit.
Use the air conditioner machine that generally blows in earlier, and then open compressor refrigeration.But the machine that only blows in sometimes makes the room air circulation, need not open compressor refrigeration.The switch blower fan need not time-delay (adjustment R17 makes the H point current potential after I point current potential is higher than the machine that blows in), if non-resistance R15,8 of capacitor C can be higher than I point current potential than ambassador H point current potential moment because of the starting current of blower fan, and the J point moment high level occurs and reduces to low level again, makes circuit enter the time-delay state.By the delay circuit that resistance R 15 capacitor C 8 are formed, circuit changes time-delay state (blower fan and compressor are connected together can not have this phenomenon) over to behind the machine of can avoiding blowing in.Delay time was generally 3 seconds, can adjust R15, C8 parameter.The effect of diode D12 is to make the very fast discharge of C8 after closing air-conditioning, and then J point current potential becomes low level very soon, makes circuit enter the time-delay state rapidly.
Three, current foldback circuit
In accompanying drawing 1 (3) frame of broken lines is current foldback circuit.In the existing air conditioner (or refrigerator) overcurrent protective device is housed all.But the principle of these devices is to cause compressor heating because of electric current is excessive when compressor, cuts off the electricity supply after hot junction is disconnected.Generally need overcurrent that hot junction is disconnected.
Current foldback circuit of the present invention is to adopt Electronic Control, is quick on the draw, and speed is fast, and the overcurrent time surpasses 10 seconds (adjustable), and needless to say compressor heating just can be cut off the electricity supply, and can self-locking.Its operation principle is; after the protector power supply; take from voltage-stabiliser tube DW2(7.5V) voltage; add to end of oppisite phase L point and the in-phase end K point of amplifier piece IC4 simultaneously; existence because of diode D13 and capacitor C 9; make the K point current potential of initial state be higher than L point current potential; the M point is high level (stable back K point current potential is higher than 0.7 volt of L point); because of the M point does not have influence for high level to the IC2 delay circuit; the LED1 luminous tube does not work; after the air conditioner start, T1 is elementary electric current (window air conditioner is generally 7 amperes), and regulator potentiometer W1 makes N point current potential still be the prepotential of starting shooting.If the compressor for air conditioner electric current increases, N point current potential increases, and through 9 time-delays of resistance R 21 capacitor C, L point current potential also increases, if be higher than K point current potential, and then IC4 upset, the M point is reduced to low level by high level, and K point current potential is descended, and pincers are being higher than 0.7 volt of M point.The M point is a low level, and F point and E point are all clamped in low level simultaneously, and relay J 1 discharges, and air conditioner is shut down.After air conditioner is shut down, though transformer T1 primary current is zero.Because of the L point current potential of IC4 still is higher than the K point, M point current potential still is a low level, LED1 luminous tube bright (self-locking), thus avoided the polyisomenism that stops and starting because of air conditioner that overcurrent causes.Have only the power supply of protector is cut off, self-locking state is eliminated, if overcurrent still illustrates that there is fault air conditioner inside.
Resistance R 21, capacitor C 9 time-delays are to be used for preventing because of the compressor start electric current is big, and cause the misoperation of current foldback circuit.Adjusting R21, C9 time constant make time-delay 10 seconds.The effect of voltage-stabiliser tube DW7 is to provide working standard voltage, and with the stability of holding circuit, the current potential that locking M is ordered after the effect of cross-over connection diode D14 between the in-phase end K of IC4 and the output M is overcurrent is an electronegative potential.
Four, temperature control circuit
Implement figure for temperature control circuit in (4) frame of broken lines of accompanying drawing 1.This temperature control circuit only uses a thermistor as sensing element, can control the relay J 1 not adhesive of protector in certain temperature range, and air conditioner is shut down.Controlled area charactert can be adjusted at 15 ℃-28 ℃, and room temperature was lower than 15 ℃ of air-conditionings and can opens winter in other words, and summer, room temperature was higher than more than 28 ℃, and the air-conditioning function is opened.Therefore temperature control circuit can be controlled the air conditioner start automatically and shut down, and can play positive role to energy savings.
The operation principle of temperature control circuit and under-voltage, the overvoltage control circuit is similar.Rt1 among the figure is a thermistor, and its resistance generally should be selected bigger (as 3K), can reduce the shunting of this branch road.Adjust resistance R 25 and make room temperature in the time of 15 ℃, R point current potential is higher than Q point current potential, and the S point is a low level, and making at B ' in under-voltage, the overvoltage control circuit is low level.Relay J 1 is discharged, and air conditioner is shut down.If room temperature rises to 28 ℃, to adjust resistance R 26 and make Q point current potential be higher than R point current potential, S point current potential is a high level, B ' some current potential returns to normal current potential, relay J 1 adhesive, air-conditioning work.
Regulate resistance R 28, scalable return difference value.P point current potential is to raise with temperature, if thermistor Rt1 is with positive temperature coefficient, and because of its resistance raises with temperature, then must be with position and the R25 exchange of Rt1.Capacitor C 10 is in order to guarantee that power supply moment S point current potential is a high level.
Introduce several protector line embodiment below again.
The protector line figure of accompanying drawing 2 is not because there is the shutdown identification circuit, therefore is fit to this protector air conditioner inside of packing into.Other and accompanying drawing 1 are identical.
The protector line figure of accompanying drawing 3 is opposite with accompanying drawing 2, and it is to be applicable to the protector that protector is contained in the air conditioner outside, and it only uses a LM324 device amplifier.If need to increase current foldback circuit, the triode that then need add an amplifier in addition or add a 3CG type replaces the IC2 inverter.
Accompanying drawing 4 this protector lines are protectors of four function refrigerators, and it only uses a LM324 device amplifier.
Comprehensive the above, air-conditioning of the present invention (refrigerator) protector has following functions:
1, time-delay plugged after the power failure. Power off time can be opened air conditioner immediately greater than the delay time of protector. If power off time is less than the protector delay time, then the stand-by period deducts power off time for the protector delay time after the air conditioner start. So the machine of turning on the aircondition is not generally delayed time.
2, can cut off the electricity supply reliably rapidly during under-voltage, overvoltage.
3, room temperature can be controlled air conditioner and can not start work in 15 ℃ of-28 ℃ of scopes, and energy savings is played positive role.
4, when air conditioner (refrigerator) overcurrent, can cut off the electricity supply reliably rapidly, and can self-locking.
5, this keeping device has the shutdown recognition function.When turning off air conditioner, the protector time-delay of cutting off the power supply automatically, reach the protector delay time after, protector just has output, air conditioner could be opened, thereby avoids causing because of misoperation the damage of compressor.This protector can be used as independent product, and air conditioner be need not to reequip.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of full-automatic air conditioner and refrigerator protector comprise current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, under-voltage, overvoltage comparison circuit, current foldback circuit, temperature control circuit, it is characterized in that also comprising delay circuit and shutdown circuit identification.
2, protector according to claim 1 is characterized in that under-voltage, overvoltage comparison circuit only finishes relatively with an amplifier piece and sample circuit under-voltage and overvoltage twice, and sampling voltage is from the R4 acquisition of resistance R 3, R4 series circuit; The rectifier smoothing circuit of forming sampling voltage by diode D6, capacitor C 3 and resistance R 5; Voltage-stabiliser tube DW2 and DW3 are the reference voltage of comparator, and the voltage stabilizing value of DW3 must be greater than the voltage stabilizing value of DW2; The return difference circuit is the branch road of being connected with resistance R 8 by diode D8 that is connected across between amplifier piece IC1 anode A and the output C.
3, protector according to claim 1 is characterized in that the time-lag action of delay circuit is after occurring in outage, rather than after occurring in power supply, its basic circuit is cross-over connection diode D9 between the anode E of amplifier piece IC2 and output F; Cross-over connection is connected to the charging circuit of capacitor C 4 with resistance R 13 by diode D10 between negative terminal G and the output F; After voltage-stabiliser tube DW4, capacitor C 4, the resistance R 12 three's parallel connections one are terminated at IC2 negative terminal G, and the other end is connected to the common point of capacitor C 5 and relay J 1; The acquisition of time-delay voltage is the high potential of ordering by F, obtains through diode D10 and 4 chargings of 13 pairs of capacitor C of resistance R, and delay time is by the time constant decision of capacitor C 4 and resistance R 12.
4, protector according to claim 1 is characterized in that the transformer T1 primary coil of shutdown circuit identification is serially connected in the zero line loop of power supply circuits; The direct voltage of amplifier piece IC3 in-phase end H is obtained behind diode D11, capacitor C 6 and potentiometer W1 and capacitor C 8 rectifying and wave-filterings by the induced voltage of transformer T1 secondary coil, the voltage that the end of oppisite phase I of amplifier piece IC3 is ordered is taken from voltage-stabiliser tube DW2, the fixed voltage value after resistance R 16, R17 dividing potential drop; Capacitor C 7 is connected in the shutdown circuit identification between the E point among the amplifier piece output J and delay circuit, enters the time-delay state and improves anti-spark interference capability to guarantee shutdown back delay circuit.
5; protector according to claim 1 is characterized in that the current foldback circuit employing is quick on the draw; the overcurrent outage is fast; and the Electronic Control of energy self-locking; its basic circuit is to take from the voltage stabilizing value of voltage-stabiliser tube DW2 through resistance R 18; R19 adds to the in-phase end K of amplifier piece IC4; simultaneously again with this voltage stabilizing value through resistance R 18; diode D13 and resistance R 21 add to the end of oppisite phase L of IC4; and resistance R 21 is connected to IC4 end of oppisite phase L with capacitor C 9 composition delay circuits; cross-over connection diode D14 between the in-phase end K of IC4 and output M; after guaranteeing that overcurrent takes place; locking M point is a low level; make circuit reliable and stable, in the stability of circuit cross-over connection voltage-stabiliser tube DW7 with holding circuit.
6, protector according to claim 1 is characterized in that temperature control circuit only adopts a thermistor Rt1 to make sensing element and a comparator; The branch road that cross-over connection is connected with resistance R 28 by diode D18 between the in-phase end Q of comparator IC5 and output S is to obtain return difference.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 89205048 CN2059279U (en) | 1989-05-02 | 1989-05-02 | Fully automatic conditioner (refrigerator) protector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 89205048 CN2059279U (en) | 1989-05-02 | 1989-05-02 | Fully automatic conditioner (refrigerator) protector |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2059279U true CN2059279U (en) | 1990-07-11 |
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ID=4862277
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 89205048 Withdrawn CN2059279U (en) | 1989-05-02 | 1989-05-02 | Fully automatic conditioner (refrigerator) protector |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2059279U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104917403A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2015-09-16 | 张家港市华为电子有限公司 | Automatic switching circuit in power supply applicable to 220V and 110V power grids |
| CN106972461A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-07-21 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十三研究所 | A kind of line under-voltage protection circuit inputted with retarding window wide scope |
-
1989
- 1989-05-02 CN CN 89205048 patent/CN2059279U/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104917403A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2015-09-16 | 张家港市华为电子有限公司 | Automatic switching circuit in power supply applicable to 220V and 110V power grids |
| CN106972461A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-07-21 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十三研究所 | A kind of line under-voltage protection circuit inputted with retarding window wide scope |
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