CN205844545U - A kind of laser three interferometric measuring means for absolute gravimeter - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of laser three interferometric measuring means for absolute gravimeter, relate to a kind of laser-interfering measurement device.This device is: in the left and right of falling bodies mechanism, is respectively arranged with the 1st falling bodies pyramid parts and the 2nd falling bodies pyramid parts；Left and right in shock insulation cabin, is respectively arranged with the 1st shock insulation pyramid parts and the 2nd shock insulation pyramid parts；In the lower section of falling bodies mechanism, it is respectively arranged with the 1st interference component and the 2nd interference component connected with laser array；3rd interference component is connected with the 1st interference component and the 2nd interference component respectively；Signals collecting and data handling system Photoelectric Detection parts with the 1st interference component, the 2nd interference component and the 3rd interference component respectively are connected, and be acquired interference signal and data process.This utility model uses three unique interference laser measurement structures, improves the certainty of measurement of absolute gravity value, enhances the reliability of device.

Description

A kind of laser three interferometric measuring means for absolute gravimeter

Technical field

This utility model relates to a kind of laser-interfering measurement device, particularly relates to a kind of laser three for absolute gravimeter Interferometric measuring means.

Background technology

Absolute gravimeter is that the one begun one's study from the seventies in the world collects optical, electrical, computer, vacuum technique in one The a few countries such as the precision instrument of body, the only U.S. can manufacture.In Geophysical background, earthquake, oil exploration and measurement etc. Field is widely used, and China only has an experimental prototype, and market does not has product.This product comprehensively employ laser, vacuum, Automatically control, the advanced technology such as precision optical machinery, electronics and computer.The absolute gravimeter of a few countries such as the U.S., Germany is certainly By falling type.We participate in the absolute gravimeter of design is upthrow formula, has higher precision and combination property.

At present, traditional absolute gravimeter all use single laser interferometer to carry out absolute gravity acceleration analysis, this There is the problem that of the measuring method of sample

The absolute gravimeter using single laser interference needs first to carry out the measurement of gravity gradient γ by Other Instruments, and It is input to absolute gravity observation software as known parameters, just can be calculated g；

Traditional absolute gravimeter uses single laser interferometer to carry out gravity measurement, when this set of measuring mechanism occurs event During barrier, instrument just can not normally be measured so that instrument reliability is poor.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is that the shortcoming and defect overcoming prior art to exist, it is provided that a kind of for definitely weight Laser three interferometric measuring means of power instrument.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that

Measure subsystem by two groups and record two acceleration g respectively₁And g₂；

Measure subsystem by the 3rd group and calculate gravity gradient γ.

Specifically, this device includes measurand absolute gravimeter, absolute gravimeter include falling bodies mechanism and every Shake cabin；

It is provided with laser array, the 1st interference component, the 2nd interference component, the 3rd interference component and signals collecting and processes system System；

In the left and right of falling bodies mechanism, it is respectively arranged with the 1st falling bodies pyramid parts and the 2nd falling bodies pyramid parts；

Left and right in shock insulation cabin, is respectively arranged with the 1st shock insulation pyramid parts and the 2nd shock insulation pyramid parts；

In the lower section of falling bodies mechanism, it is respectively arranged with the 1st interference component and the 2nd interference component connected with laser array, Obtain the 1st of left and right output the, 2 interference light, for measuring；

3rd interference component be connected with the 1st interference component and the 2nd interference component respectively obtain the 3rd interference light, for revise；

Signals collecting and data handling system respectively with the 1st interference component, the 2nd interference component and the light of the 3rd interference component Electro-detection parts connect, and be acquired interference signal and data process.

Compared with prior art, this utility model has following advantages and a good effect:

1. the once whereabouts of falling bodies in absolute gravimeter, can simultaneously output gravity gradient γ and gravity acceleration g, wherein g Carry out gradient modification, and conventional absolute gravimeter has needed first to carry out gradiometry, and inputted as known parameters Absolute gravity observation software, just can be calculated g.

2. the once whereabouts of falling bodies in absolute gravimeter, can simultaneously two g of output, observed efficiency is than conventional absolute gravimeter Double；Therefore, for certain requirement observing data volume, the observation time of double falling bodies absolute gravimeters reduces half；Or Person, in same observation time, observes many one times of data volume.

3. absolute gravimeter is owing to there being the measuring mechanism that two sets are complete, therefore when certain set mechanism malfunction, another set of Still can complete absolute gravity observation task, simply at this moment need to manually enter gravity gradient parameter, improve the reliability of instrument.

In a word, this utility model uses three unique interference laser measurement structures, improves the measurement essence of absolute gravity value Degree, enhances the reliability of device.

Accompanying drawing explanation

The structural representation of this device of Fig. 1；

In figure:

00 laser array,

01 laser instrument,

02 laser instrument beam splitter,

03 laser mirror；

10 the 1st interference components,

11 the 1st beam splitters,

12 the 1st falling bodies pyramid parts,

13 the 1st shock insulation pyramid parts,

14 1A reflecting mirrors,

15 1B reflecting mirrors,

16 the 1st light combination mirrors,

17 the 1st Photoelectric Detection parts；

20 the 2nd interference components,

21 the 2nd beam splitters,

22 the 2nd falling bodies pyramid parts,

23 the 2nd shock insulation pyramid parts,

24 2A reflecting mirrors,

25 2B reflecting mirrors,

26 2-in-1 Shu Jing,

27 the 2nd Photoelectric Detection parts；

30 the 3rd interference components,

31 the 3rd reflecting mirrors,

32 the 3rd light combination mirrors,

33 the 3rd Photoelectric Detection parts；

40 signals collecting and data handling system；

50 falling bodies mechanisms；

60 shock insulation cabins.

Detailed description of the invention

Describe in detail with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

One, device

1, overall

Such as Fig. 1, this device includes measurand absolute gravimeter, and absolute gravimeter includes falling bodies mechanism 50 and shock insulation Cabin 60；

It is provided with laser array the 00, the 1st interference component the 10, the 2nd interference component the 20, the 3rd interference component 30 and signals collecting And processing system 40；

In the left and right of falling bodies mechanism 50, it is respectively arranged with the 1st falling bodies pyramid parts the 12 and the 2nd falling bodies pyramid parts 22；

Left and right in shock insulation cabin 60, is respectively arranged with the 1st shock insulation pyramid parts the 13 and the 2nd shock insulation pyramid parts 23；

In the lower section of falling bodies mechanism 50, it is respectively arranged with the 1st interference component the 10 and the 2nd connected with laser array 00 and interferes Assembly 20, obtains the 1st of left and right output the, 2 interference light, for measuring；

3rd interference component 30 is connected with the 1st interference component the 10 and the 2nd interference component 20 respectively and obtains the 3rd interference light, for repairing Just use；

Signals collecting and data handling system 40 respectively with the 1st interference component the 10, the 2nd interference component the 20 and the 3rd interference group The Photoelectric Detection parts of part 30 connect, and be acquired interference signal and data process.

2, functional part

0) laser array 00

Laser array 00 includes laser instrument 01, laser instrument beam splitter 02 and the laser mirror 03 being arranged in order；

The output light of laser array 00 is respectively the input light of the 1st, 2 interference components 10,20；

Its light path is: the reflection light G10 that the emergent light G00 of laser instrument 01 is formed at laser instrument beam splitter 02 is the 1st dry Relate to the input light of assembly 10；The emergent light G00 of laser instrument 01 passes through the laser instrument beam splitter 02 reflection at laser mirror 03 Light G20 is the input light of the 2nd interference component 20.

1) the 1st interference component 10

1st interference component 10 includes the 1st beam splitter the 11, the 1st falling bodies pyramid parts the 12, the 1st shock insulation pyramid being sequentially communicated Parts 13,1A reflecting mirror 14,1B reflecting mirror the 15, the 1st light combination mirror the 16 and the 1st Photoelectric Detection parts 17.

Its light path is: the reflection light G10 of laser instrument beam splitter 02 forms reflection light G12 and transmission by the 1st beam splitter 11 Light G11；Reflection light G12 arrives the 1st beam splitter 11 through the 1st falling bodies pyramid parts 12 and forms reflection light G13 and transmission light G14；Instead Penetrate light G13 and become the input light of the 3rd interference component 30；Transmission light G14 sequentially passes through the 1st shock insulation pyramid parts 13,1A reflection After mirror 14 and 1B reflecting mirror 15, being completely superposed with transmission light G11 at the 1st light combination mirror 16, form light beam G15, G15 incides 1st Photoelectric Detection parts 17, when the 1st falling bodies pyramid parts 13 do the movement of falling object, the 1st Photoelectric Detection parts 17 are to interference Signal carries out opto-electronic conversion and detection.

1st falling bodies pyramid parts 12 are arranged at absolute gravimeter falling bodies cabin.

Other functional part is common components.

2) the 2nd interference component 20

2nd interference component 20 includes the 2nd beam splitter the 21, the 2nd falling bodies pyramid parts the 22, the 2nd shock insulation pyramid being sequentially communicated Parts 23,2A reflecting mirror 24,2B reflecting mirror 25,2-in-1 bundle mirror the 26 and the 2nd Photoelectric Detection parts 27；

Its light path is: the reflection light G20 of laser mirror 03 forms reflection light G22 and transmission by the 2nd beam splitter 21 Light G21；Reflection light G22 arrives the 2nd beam splitter 21 through the 2nd falling bodies pyramid parts 22 and forms reflection light G23 and transmission light G24；Instead Penetrate light G23 and become the input light of the 3rd interference component 30；Transmission light G24 sequentially passes through the 2nd shock insulation pyramid parts 23,2A reflection After mirror 24 and 2B reflecting mirror 25, being completely superposed at 2-in-1 bundle Jing26Chu with transmission light G21, form light beam G25, G25 incides 2nd Photoelectric Detection parts 27, when the 2nd falling bodies pyramid parts 23 do the movement of falling object, the 2nd Photoelectric Detection parts 27 are to interference Signal carries out opto-electronic conversion and detection.

2nd shock insulation pyramid parts 23 are arranged at absolute gravimeter falling bodies cabin.

Other functional part is common components.

3) the 3rd interference component 30

3rd interference component 30 includes the 3rd reflecting mirror the 31, the 3rd light combination mirror the 32 and the 3rd Photoelectric Detection parts being sequentially communicated 33。

Its light path is: reflects the formation that overlaps at the 3rd light combination mirror 32 with reflection light G23 after light G13 is reflected mirror 31 and interferes Light G30, interferes light G30 to arrive the 3rd Photoelectric Detection parts 33, and the 3rd Photoelectric Detection parts 33 carry out opto-electronic conversion to interference signal And detection.

4) signals collecting and data handling system 40

Signals collecting and data handling system 40 are a kind of general computers, are acquired interference signal and at data Reason.

5) falling bodies mechanism 50

It is the mechanical part placing the 1st falling bodies pyramid parts the 11 and the 2nd falling bodies pyramid parts 22, for falling bodies pyramid is entered Row falls to controlling.

6) shock insulation cabin 60

It is the mechanical part placing the 1st shock insulation pyramid parts the 13 and the 2nd shock insulation pyramid parts 23, is used for isolating earth's crust microseism Move and external interference.

3, working mechanism

In this device, the 1st interference component the 10 and the 2nd interference component 20 can independently export absolute gravity accekeration, and the 3rd is dry Relate to assembly 30 exportable relative gravity accekeration；Absolute gravity accekeration after three exportable corrections of interference component.

During the movement of falling object that three interference components record, displacement is as follows:

$s=s_0+v_{0}t+\frac{1}{2}{g}_0{t}^2---\left(1\right)$

In formula, s, t are falling bodies drop and time respectively, s₀、v₀、g₀It is the initial position of falling bodies, initially speed respectively Degree and the acceleration of gravity of initial position；In view of the impact of gravity gradient γ, the equation of motion is then:

$s=s_0+v_{0}t+\frac{1}{2}{g}_0{t}^2+\frac{1}{6}{\mathrm{\γv}}_0{t}^3+\frac{1}{24}{\mathrm{\γg}}_0{t}^4---\left(2\right)$

For traditional absolute gravimeter, need to record gravity gradient γ in advance with relative gravity instrument, substitute into (2) formula, so After falling bodies distance verses time data pair that observation is obtained, with method of least square according to (2) formula, be calculated gravity acceleration g.

Utilizing this utility model, available following principle records gravity gradient γ, directly calculates gravity acceleration g, it is not necessary to Measure in advance.

When two falling bodies are at differing heights synchronous release, when starting free-falling, utilize the 1st interference component 10 and the 2nd dry Relate to assembly 20 and measure the distance verses time data pair of double falling bodies respectively, calculate gravity acceleration g according to above-mentioned principle；Meanwhile, utilize 3rd interference component 30 measures the range difference-time data pair between double falling bodies, calculates gravity gradient γ.

The 1st interference component the 10 and the 2nd interference component 20 is utilized to record the displacement of two falling bodies respectively:

$s_a=s_{a0}+v_{a0}t+\frac{1}{2}{g}_{a0}{t}^2+\frac{1}{6}{\mathrm{\γv}}_{b0}{t}^3+\frac{1}{24}{\mathrm{\γg}}_{a0}{t}^4---\left(3\right)$

$s_b=s_{b0}+v_{b0}t+\frac{1}{2}{g}_{b0}{t}^2+\frac{1}{6}{\mathrm{\γv}}_{b0}{t}^3+\frac{1}{24}{\mathrm{\γg}}_{b0}{t}^4---\left(4\right)$

There is s_b0-s_a0=l, v_a0=v_b0, g_b0=g_a0+ γ l, deducts (4) formula by (3) formula, then can obtain the 1st interference component 10 The range difference measured with the 2nd interference component 20 is:

$\mathrm{\Δ}s=s_b-s_a=\frac{l}{24}({\mathrm{\γ}}^2{t}^4+12{\mathrm{\γt}}^2+24)---\left(5\right)$

Range difference-the time data pair recorded by 3rd interference component 30, substitutes into (5) formula, can be calculated gravity gradient γ, then by γ and the 1st interference component 10 and and the falling bodies distance verses time data pair that obtain of the 2nd interference component 20, use least square Method, according to (2) formula, just can be calculated gravity acceleration g.

Two, using method

1. the 1st falling bodies prism of corner cube the 12 and the 2nd falling bodies prism of corner cube 22 in falling bodies mechanism 50 is driven to do freely falling body fortune Dynamic；

2. the emergent light of laser array 00 exports interference signal respectively through the 1st interference component the 10 and the 2nd interference component 20 and arrives Signals collecting and data handling system 40, respectively obtain absolute gravity accekeration g1, g2；

3., while, the 1st interference component the 10 and the 2nd interference component 20 is respectively arranged with a branch of output light and obtains after the 3rd interference component 30 To interference signal, output to signals collecting and data handling system 40, obtain relative gravity accekeration γ；

4. absolute gravity accekeration g1, g2 and relative gravity accekeration γ obtain last absolute after data process Gravity value g；

5. absolute gravity accekeration g1, g2 also can export as single absolute gravity value.

Claims (5)

1. for laser three interferometric measuring means for absolute gravimeter, including measurand absolute gravimeter, definitely Gravimeter includes falling bodies mechanism (50) and shock insulation cabin (60)；

It is characterized in that:

It is provided with laser array (00), the 1st interference component (10), the 2nd interference component (20), the 3rd interference component (30) and signal Gather and processing system (40)；

In the left and right of falling bodies mechanism (50), it is respectively arranged with the 1st falling bodies pyramid parts (12) and the 2nd falling bodies pyramid parts (22)；

Left and right in shock insulation cabin (60), is respectively arranged with the 1st shock insulation pyramid parts (13) and the 2nd shock insulation pyramid parts (23)；

In the lower section of falling bodies mechanism (50), it is respectively arranged with the 1st interference component (10) connected with laser array (00) and the 2nd dry Relate to assembly (20), obtain the 1st of left and right output the, 2 interference light, for measuring；

3rd interference component (30) be connected with the 1st interference component (10) and the 2nd interference component (20) respectively obtain the 3rd interference light, supply Revise and use；

Signals collecting and data handling system (40) are interfered with the 1st interference component (10), the 2nd interference component (20) and the 3rd respectively The Photoelectric Detection parts of assembly (30) connect, and be acquired interference signal and data process.

2. laser three interferometric measuring means as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:

Described laser array (00) includes laser instrument (01), laser instrument beam splitter (02) and the laser mirror being arranged in order (03)；

The output light of laser array (00) is respectively the 1st, the input light of 2 interference components (10,20).

3. laser three interferometric measuring means as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:

The 1st beam splitter (11) that the 1st described interference component (10) includes being sequentially communicated, the 1st falling bodies pyramid parts (12), the 1st Shock insulation pyramid parts (13), 1A reflecting mirror (14), 1B reflecting mirror (15), the 1st light combination mirror (16) and the 1st Photoelectric Detection parts (17).

4. laser three interferometric measuring means as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:

The 2nd beam splitter (21) that the 2nd described interference component (20) includes being sequentially communicated, the 2nd falling bodies pyramid parts (22), the 2nd Shock insulation pyramid parts (23), 2A reflecting mirror (24), 2B reflecting mirror (25), 2-in-1 Shu Jing (26) and the 2nd Photoelectric Detection parts (27).

5. laser three interferometric measuring means as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:

The 3rd described interference component (30) includes the 3rd reflecting mirror (31), the 3rd light combination mirror (32) and the 3rd smooth electric-examination being sequentially communicated Survey parts (33).