CN2058276U - Vehicle-borne short-wave double ring transmitting antenna - Google Patents
Vehicle-borne short-wave double ring transmitting antenna Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN2058276U CN2058276U CN 89201239 CN89201239U CN2058276U CN 2058276 U CN2058276 U CN 2058276U CN 89201239 CN89201239 CN 89201239 CN 89201239 U CN89201239 U CN 89201239U CN 2058276 U CN2058276 U CN 2058276U
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- ring
- antenna
- millimeters
- vehicle
- compartment
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a novel short-wave antenna mounted on a vehicle, which has simple structure, is convenient to load and move and has a high elevation angle radiation characteristic. An outer is a ring surface which is vertical to the double-turn rectangular rings of the top of the vehicle and the antenna conductor is phi 25*2; the directional characteristic is verified through the theoretical calculation and the model measurement. Compared with the common whip-shaped antenna, the utility model has the advantages of low height, firm structure, convenient movement, the elimination of 'a radio still area', little material usage, simple structure and no need of lifting; the gain can increases more than 5dB and through the contrast of the actual communication, the signal strength can increase one to two grades (according to five-grade evaluation).
Description
The utility model belongs to the field of antenna in the electronic technology, is particularly suitable for vehicle-mounted use.
Mostly existing shortwave car antenna is to adopt conventional antenna technology, as use whip antenna, or the distortion of this kind antenna, three loop antennas of adapted on the military communication car now, after exactly whip antenna being reduced height, constitute with the conductor loading of three annulars at its top again.The high elevation angle radiance of this class antenna is very poor.What this patent adopted is the electronically small antenna technology, utilizes annular magnetic oscillator wherein, and anchor ring disposes perpendicular to roof, and antenna height is reduced, and can produce our desired high elevation angle radiation again.
The utility model be for provide a kind of simple in structure, be convenient to the novel shortwave car antenna that entrucking (automobile with compartment) is mobile, have high elevation angle radiation characteristic.In order to overcome " dead zone " in the short wave communication.Improve the quality of (various complex-terrain) shortwave mobile communication in 300 kilometer range.
The detailed content of the utility model patent:
(1), contour structures:
Be two circle parallel rectangular ring (see figure 1)s that vertically are positioned on the carriage top.
Antenna conductor is the aluminium-alloy pipe of φ 25 * 2, is supported on the basic framework with insulating material such as glass epoxy or glass reinforced plastic pipes, and framework is fixed on the carriage top again.Framework available angle aluminium is made, and when the compartment is nonmetallic materials, should apply on the framework with copper mesh (mesh is not more than 100 millimeters * 100 millimeters) or aluminium sheet, makes it to become a favorable conductive earth mat (plate), to improve the efficient of antenna system.If without basic framework, directly antenna conductor is fixed on the carriage top with insulating material, need only sound construction and have the favorable conductive earth mat also to be fine.
The top of antenna conductor ring is distributing point and compartment insulation, high-frequency energy is feed-in from here then, the terminal surface (or car body top surface) of copper strips that directly is not less than 100 millimeters again with a width of ring from the end that encircles along basic framework with ground short circuit (promptly the metallic object with the compartment joins), guide near the top of ring, link to each other with the ground wire of match circuit or automatic day accent.
(2), know-why
The proposition of 1 problem:
In hf radio communication, because the influence of radio wave propagation rule, under the situation of transmitting power not very big (in full below the hectowatt), when adopting the antenna work of whip antenna one class, on more than 60～100 kilometers distance, be the location of difficulty of communicating by letter the most, Here it is " radio pocket " that it has often been said.Eliminate or weaken this " dead zone " effect, the way of taking to increase transmitter power is worthless, because this has not only increased energy resource consumption, equipment cost and electromagnetic pollution, but also can not thoroughly deal with problems, also be unsuitable for mobile communication, so reasonable method is to set about from improving the antenna aspect.Get to the roots, the basic reason that causes " dead zone " still is that the radiating pattern of vertical plane of antenna is improper, the shortwave car antenna that adopts of past mostly is the distortion of upright whip antenna or this antenna, adding the top as three loop antennas that generally adopt now by upright antenna changes, the greatest irradiation direction of these antenna all is at subaerial low elevation direction, high elevation angle radiance is poor, thereby the sky wave of radiation go back to the pick-up point on ground through ionospheric reflection a little distant from posting a letter, and the earthwave of aerial radiation, because the frequency ratio of using is higher, power is not very big, how far pass not, be attenuated soon, thereby just formed earthwave and do not reach, sky wave is crossed over overpast " dead zone " again, if can design a kind of antenna of high elevation angle radiation, make sky wave as fountain, be bordering on vertically to get off, in 0～300 kilometer scope, just can receive sky wave so from ionospheric reflection.Also just can eliminate and " dead zone ".
We know, when the antenna height of dipole antenna during less than λ/4, a kind of exactly more satisfactory antenna with high elevation angle radiance (abbreviation shoots high antenna), but this antenna is because physical dimension is very big, can only be used for fixing the station (comprising the base station in the mobile communication), or temporary erection is used when stopping in motion process, and can not install onboard, can't resolve shortwave mobile communication problem, thus must seek new, small portable, be suitable for entrucking, be convenient to move shoot high antenna.
2. the selection of antenna pattern
We grope with a large amount of tests by analysis, and by model test, have selected the scheme of perpendicular rings antenna.
In the desirable conductive floor sky, antenna height is the emission perpendicular rings antenna of h, and the electric field strength in fortune district is:
E＝j (120πI)/(λr) (2πA)/(λ) cosφcos（ (2πhsin△cosφ)/(λ) ）e
－jar
In the formula: h ┈ antenna height
The ring area of A ┈ loop antenna
φ ┈ is by the horizontal azimuth of counting in the ring plane, place
The vertical plane elevation angle that △ ┈ is counted by ground level
R ┈ distance
λ ┈ wavelength
α＝ (2π)/(λ)
Its directivity function is:
F（φ，△）＝ (A)/(λ
2) cosφcos（ (2πhsin△cosφ)/(λ) ）
When h was very little with respect to λ, the cosine factor that contains h in the following formula can be approximately equal to 1, promptly
cos（ (2πhsin△cosφ)/(λ) ）≈1
Like this, its directivity function is just irrelevant with the elevation angle approx, and becomes:
F（φ）＝ (A)/(λ
2) cosφ
That is to say, on the ground of ideal conducting, the perpendicular rings antenna that antenna height is not high, on vertical plane, can think not have directivity, its radiation intensity is increasing and weaken with the elevation angle not, this is our needed performance of shooting high just, and the size of loop antenna can be done to such an extent that smallerly be beneficial to entrucking.
The radiation resistance of loop antenna is very little, that is to say, its radiation efficiency is lower, but we can the number of turn of material, structure and the ring of antenna conductor select and the grounding system of ring aspect take measures, remedied.Because its good performance, its resultant effect, the erect type antenna that in 300 kilometers short-range communication, will be better than using always of shooting high.
We press the theory of reaction integral equation with electronic computer, with moment method the directional diagram of vehicle-mounted pair of circle loop antenna has been carried out comparatively strict calculating, imperfect conductive characteristic to the earth, adopt the method for revising reflection coefficient to handle, approach with grid with the antenna segmentation and with car body, get 147 of sample points altogether, calculated the directional diagram of horizontal plane and vertical plane, in the frequency range of 2～15MHz, calculate once every 1MHz, result of calculation shows that this antenna is for shooting high antenna, because car body influence and two circle ring structure, directivity is not strong in horizontal plane, does not have 0:00 direction.Model test has also confirmed this situation.
The directional diagram that calculates is seen Fig. 3.
Determining of the 3 loop antenna numbers of turn
After the pattern of perpendicular rings antenna is selected, we again to the number of turn determine study.
We utilized model successively contrast test vehicle-mounted single turn, two circle and 4 circle loop antennas, encircling under the highly identical condition, the highest with the relative gain of two circle rings.
Loop antenna is a narrow band antenna, must carry out tuningly during work, in order to improve system effectiveness, it is humorous to adopt low-loss capacitor to join as far as possible, be inductive with regard to the input impedance that requires antenna like this, that is to say that the length of loop antenna conductor should be less than λ/4.Under the condition of limited of roof space, in order to improve the efficient of low frequency end, they wire-wound 2 circles, make antenna conductor long a bit beneficial, when frequency was elevated to a certain degree, it was also very convenient again 2 circles to be become 1 circle, the number of turn too much changes to have got up with regard to more complicated, and two circle ring structure symmetries, simple firm, so we determine with two circles.And two circle mid points be provided with one be shorted to ground switch, two circles can be become single turn in case of necessity.
4 with being connected of sender
The input impedance characteristic of this antenna that records according to us, the input resistance curve is seen Fig. 4 (1), the input reactance curve is seen Fig. 4 (2).When sender is unworthy of day timing automatically, between sender output and antenna feed point, insert a match circuit, this match circuit selects 3 fixing ceramic condensers from main feeder and form respectively by switch with receiving, capacity is respectively 2.7pf, 56pf and 100pf, be used with the final stage tuning circuit of sender, realize the coupling of antenna and machinery compartment.See Fig. 2.Transferred in automatic day if sender is furnished with, then an automatic day transfer can be gone into antenna feed point, needn't use match circuit.
(3), effect
We are once on 60～120 kilometers distance, with 400 watts of single sideband communication vehicles, with two circle loop antennas and three original-pack loop antennas, posting a letter in turn with 4 meters whip antennas respectively compares, and receiving terminal receives with dipole antenna, connects 2307 type level recorder recording levels at the audio output port of receiver, in order to reduce the random error of test, take the method for retest,, get its assembly average as test result to obtain a large amount of specimen.Now test result is listed as follows several times:
(annotate: relative gain is meant the gain with respect to 4 meters whip antennas.）
Can find out obviously that by last table two circle loop antennas are better more than the 5dB than three original-pack loop antennas.
We also on the distance of 24 kilometers and 125 kilometers, use this antenna to do speech test with 100 watts of single sideband radio stations, and effect is also fine.
The utility model is compared with the prior art:
(1) compare with whip antenna commonly used:
This antenna height is low, and structure is firm, is convenient to motion, and can eliminates " radio pocket ".
(2) compare with vehicle-mounted three loop antennas of existing equipment:
This antenna structure is simple, need not lifting, and materials are few, and gain can improve more than the 5dB.
Major parameter:
(1) operating frequency 2-15MHz
(2) rated power is maximum 400 watts
(3) relative gain is higher than more than the three loop antenna 5dB of existing equipment
(4) communication distance is mainly used in 300 kilometers
Accompanying drawing
(1) the vehicle-mounted two circle loop antenna contour structures schematic diagrames (unit: millimeter) that posts a letter of Fig. 1 shortwave
(2) being connected of vehicle-mounted post a letter two circle loop antennas and sender of Fig. 2 shortwave (when sender is furnished with automatic day timing, can be, antenna then directly connects automatic day accent) without match circuit
(3) the vehicle-mounted two circle loop antenna directional diagrams (surface soil parameter: σ=0.005, ε r=3) of posting a letter of Fig. 3 shortwave
（1） f＝3.0MHz
（2） f＝6.0MHz
（3） f＝9.0MHz
（4） f＝12.0MHz
（5） f＝15.0MHz
(4) the vehicle-mounted two circle loop antenna input impedance curves of posting a letter of Fig. 4 shortwave
(1) input resistance curve---two circle loop antennas
--the two circle loop antennas of middle short circuit
(2) input reactance curve---two circle loop antennas
--the two circle loop antennas of middle short circuit
Claims (1)
- A kind of antenna, feature is: two circle parallel rectangular rings that vertically are positioned on the communication truck carriage top, at the middle part of two circle rings one switch is arranged, master cock can make this ground connection and two circle rings are become the single turn ring, this ring (two circles or single turn) is antenna, the top of ring is distributing point, insulate with ground, high-frequency energy is feed-in thus then, the terminal of ring directly and ground short circuit and is not less than 100 millimeters copper strips (or φ 25 * 2 aluminium-alloy pipes) earth point of the cable feeder line outer conductor at terminal of encircling and top feed place is coupled together with a width;The ring conductor is the aluminium-alloy pipe of φ 25 * 2, the size of ring varies in size and can change to some extent according to the compartment of institute's dress vehicle, the principle of grasping is under the condition that satisfies limited space system (as the antenna peak liftoff must not above 3.4 meters), increase the area of ring as far as possible, but the length overall that makes ring again is no more than 1/4 of operation wavelength, in the time of on being loaded on railway carriage or compartment, the tip side communication truck that east wind EQ240 cross-country automobile chassis reequiped, then ring length is 4000 millimeters, the ring height is 400 millimeters, and two ring spacings are 1700 millimeters (shown in Figure of description 1); If when being loaded on the jeep of Beijing-213, then ring length is 2300 millimeters, and the ring height is 600 millimeters, 1150 millimeters of two ring spacings, and when the compartment was nonmetallic materials, the surface, compartment below antenna should be applied with copper mesh or aluminium sheet, to improve the efficient of antenna system.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 89201239 CN2058276U (en) | 1989-02-01 | 1989-02-01 | Vehicle-borne short-wave double ring transmitting antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 89201239 CN2058276U (en) | 1989-02-01 | 1989-02-01 | Vehicle-borne short-wave double ring transmitting antenna |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2058276U true CN2058276U (en) | 1990-06-13 |
Family
ID=4859179
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 89201239 Withdrawn CN2058276U (en) | 1989-02-01 | 1989-02-01 | Vehicle-borne short-wave double ring transmitting antenna |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2058276U (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101527389B (en) * | 2009-03-16 | 2013-01-02 | 衡阳泰豪通信车辆有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted antenna |
| CN104466365A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-03-25 | 北京米波通信技术有限公司 | Short wave communication-in-moving resonant ring antenna |
| CN104993213A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-10-21 | 北京遥感设备研究所 | Medium-wave-and-short-wave vehicle-mounted conformal antenna |
| CN106252890A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-21 | 大唐联诚信息系统技术有限公司 | The method for winding of short wavelength Vertical antenna and short wavelength Vertical antenna and support means thereof |
| CN111029711A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-17 | 深圳市迅成科技有限公司 | Energy-saving vehicle-mounted whip antenna with buffering function |
-
1989
- 1989-02-01 CN CN 89201239 patent/CN2058276U/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101527389B (en) * | 2009-03-16 | 2013-01-02 | 衡阳泰豪通信车辆有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted antenna |
| CN104466365A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-03-25 | 北京米波通信技术有限公司 | Short wave communication-in-moving resonant ring antenna |
| CN104466365B (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2017-09-22 | 北京米波通信技术有限公司 | Shortwave " communication in moving " resonance loop antenna |
| CN104993213A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-10-21 | 北京遥感设备研究所 | Medium-wave-and-short-wave vehicle-mounted conformal antenna |
| CN106252890A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-21 | 大唐联诚信息系统技术有限公司 | The method for winding of short wavelength Vertical antenna and short wavelength Vertical antenna and support means thereof |
| CN106252890B (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2019-04-09 | 大唐联诚信息系统技术有限公司 | Short wavelength Vertical antenna and its support device |
| CN111029711A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-17 | 深圳市迅成科技有限公司 | Energy-saving vehicle-mounted whip antenna with buffering function |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C15 | Extension of patent right duration from 15 to 20 years for appl. with date before 31.12.1992 and still valid on 11.12.2001 (patent law change 1993) | ||
| RN01 | Renewal of patent term | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |