CN205814296U - A kind of multi-modal Microwave Scanning breast imaging device - Google Patents

Abstract

This utility model relates to a kind of multi-modal Microwave Scanning breast imaging device, described microwave signal generating unit generation microwave broadband pulse signal and microwave single-frequency coherent signal, described microwave signal antenna element is in a spiral manner around breast area motion scan to be measured, described microwave signal antenna element launches microwave broadband pulse signal and microwave single-frequency coherent signal, described microwave signal antenna element receives microwave broadband pulse echo signal and microwave single-frequency echo-signal, described radar imagery unit generates radar detection image according to microwave broadband pulse echo signal, described Tomography unit is according to microwave single-frequency echo signal form tomoscan image, described radar detection image and described tomoscan image are carried out fusion of imaging output by described image output unit.

Description

A kind of multi-modal Microwave Scanning breast imaging device

Technical field

This utility model relates to a kind of microwave imagery scanning means, particularly relates to a kind of for breast imaging image co-registration Scanning means.

Background technology

During medical treatment detects, generally include X-ray and take the photograph sheet, color ultrasound, magnetic resonance and histology.X-ray is taken the photograph sheet and is divided Resolution is high, but along with ionizing radiation and the compression to breast, is not suitable for the generaI investigation of patient.Color ultrasound detects "dead" damage Evil, but part cancer sufferer, calcification point and burr poplar structure can not be shown, and big by inspecting doctor's experience influence.Magnetic is altogether Shaking costly, imaging time is long, and histological examination also needs to be accurately positioned, as molybdenum target be inducted into pin, color ultrasound guidance enters pin etc..Cause This, these current detection meanss are not particularly suited for large-scale cancer sufferer examination, in particular for the rural area that China is vast Area, medical facilities and universal the most unbalanced under the conditions of, and the Clinical detection of microwave imaging has without ionizing radiation, cost Low, effect and X-ray quite, can long term monitoring feature, it is possible to become me and cross the important tool of extensive examination.

In microwave Imaging Technique, the scanning technique of microwave antenna has important function, especially for breast imaging, is pin To subregion, having again definite shape, shape and the scan mode of microwave antenna have important function to breast imaging simultaneously. Prior art does not have the Microwave Scanning apparatus and method being specifically designed for breast, and imaging effect is by extreme influence.

Utility model content

This utility model solves the technical problem that and is: builds a kind of multi-modal microwave breast imaging device, overcomes existing skill Art does not have the Microwave Scanning device being specifically designed for breast, and imaging effect is by the technical problem of extreme influence.

The technical solution of the utility model is: provide a kind of multi-modal Microwave Scanning breast imaging device, it is characterised in that Including microwave signal generating unit, microwave signal antenna element, radar imagery unit, Tomography unit, image output Unit, microwave signal generating unit generation microwave broadband pulse signal and microwave single-frequency coherent signal, microwave signal antenna element In a spiral manner around breast area motion scan to be measured, microwave signal antenna element launches microwave broadband pulse signal and microwave list Frequently coherent signal, microwave signal antenna element receives microwave broadband pulse echo signal and microwave single-frequency echo-signal, described thunder Reaching image-generating unit and generate radar detection image according to microwave broadband pulse echo signal, described Tomography unit is according to micro- Ripple single-frequency echo signal form tomoscan image, described radar detection image and described tomography are swept by described image output unit Tracing is as carrying out fusion of imaging output.

Further technical scheme of the present utility model is: the moving track of described microwave signal antenna element is for from top to bottom In the shape of a spiral, track radius from top to bottom is ascending.

Further technical scheme of the present utility model is: the moving track of described microwave signal antenna element is for from the bottom up In the shape of a spiral, orbit radius is the most descending.

Further technical scheme of the present utility model is: described microwave signal antenna element spirally mode is at dome-type Track moves.

Further technical scheme of the present utility model is: described microwave signal antenna element includes microwave transmitting antenna and micro- Ripple reception antenna.

Further technical scheme of the present utility model is: described microwave transmitting antenna and described microwave antenna are same Microwave antenna, described microwave transmitting antenna and described microwave antenna alternation.

Further technical scheme of the present utility model is: described microwave signal generating unit is multiple, and microwave occurs respectively Wideband pulse signal and microwave single-frequency coherent signal.

Further technical scheme of the present utility model is: described microwave signal generating unit is one, and microwave alternately occurs Wideband pulse signal and microwave single-frequency coherent signal.

Of the present utility model having the technical effect that builds a kind of multi-modal microwave breast imaging device, by by described radar In detection image and described tomoscan image, the pixel of piece image is mapped in another piece image, makes the phase of two width images Close pixel on locus, reach unanimously to complete the fusion of this two width image.In microwave Imaging Technique, microwave antenna Scanning technique has important function, especially for breast imaging, is for subregion, has again definite shape, microwave simultaneously Shape and the scan mode of antenna have important function to breast imaging.This utility model microwave signal antenna element is with spiral side Formula, around breast area motion scan to be measured, sends and receives microwave signal, by microwave signal antenna element based on udder shape Being scanned, microwave signal can be made more preferable, imaging is finer accurately.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is structure chart of the present utility model

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, technical solutions of the utility model are further illustrated.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, detailed description of the invention of the present utility model is: this utility model builds a kind of multi-modal microwave Breast imaging system, becomes including microwave signal generating unit 1, microwave signal antenna element 2, radar imagery unit 3, tomoscan As unit 4, image output unit 5, there is microwave broadband pulse signal and the relevant letter of microwave single-frequency in microwave signal generating unit 1 Number, microwave signal antenna element 2 is in a spiral manner around breast area motion scan to be measured, and microwave signal antenna element 2 is launched micro- Ripple wideband pulse signal and microwave single-frequency coherent signal, microwave signal antenna element 2 receive microwave broadband pulse echo signal and Microwave single-frequency echo-signal, described radar imagery unit 3 generates radar detection image, institute according to microwave broadband pulse echo signal Stating Tomography unit 4 according to microwave single-frequency echo signal form tomoscan image, described image output unit 5 is by institute State radar detection image and described tomoscan image carries out merging output.

Specific implementation process is as follows: described microwave signal generating unit 1 passes through microwave signal antenna element 2 to breast area Microwave broadband pulse signal and microwave single-frequency coherent signal occur, and described microwave signal generating unit 1 operating frequency range is 1 to arrive 30GHz.Described microwave signal antenna element 2 receives microwave broadband pulse echo signal and microwave single-frequency echo-signal, and microwave is believed Number antenna element 2, in a spiral manner around breast area motion scan to be measured, sends and receives microwave signal, receives microwave broadband arteries and veins Rushing echo-signal, microwave radar image-forming principle utilizes theory of SAR, using a miniature antenna as single radiating element, The continuous motion scan in direction along a straight line, selects some positions to launch signal in movement, receives returning of corresponding transmitting position Ripple signal, storage receives amplitude and the phase place of signal.Microwave scattering signal is received by microwave signal antenna element record Time, time delay can be calculated, and the distance of microwave transmitting antenna and focus is fixed, thus available micro-transmitting antenna to focus away from From, thus carry out accurate imaging.The microwave single-frequency echo-signal received, microwave wave circuits and systems method is similar to computerized tomography Photography, is a kind of THE INVERSE ELECTROMAGNETIC SCATTERING method, by scattering object external observation to electromagnetic field carry out the electricity in inversion imaging region Magnetic characteristic parameter is distributed, thus judges the information such as the position of scattering object target, shape and size distribution.The microwave single-frequency that will receive Echo-signal, generates tomography sweep according to electromagnetic signature parameter distribution and the position of scattering object target, shape and size distributed intelligence Tracing picture.Described radar imagery unit 3 generates radar detection image, described tomoscan according to microwave broadband pulse echo signal Image-generating unit 4 is according to microwave single-frequency echo signal form tomoscan image.Described image output unit 5 is by described radar detection In image and described tomoscan image, the pixel of piece image is mapped in another piece image, make two width images related like Vegetarian refreshments reaches unanimously to complete the fusion of this two width image on locus.

Image co-registration includes multiple method: a kind of method is labelling method, sweeps at described radar detection image and described tomography Tracing is as being marked, by described radar detection image and the image of described tomoscan image at the characteristic point of image in both Labelling overlaps and merges described radar detection image and described tomoscan image.By described radar detection image and described The image tagged of tomoscan image is identified.Image after labelling is optimized.When image co-registration, by described radar The image tagged of detection image and described tomoscan image is identified, and then as boundary mark, identification image is carried out image and melts Close.In specific embodiment, after being marked, image is optimized.Image tagged software design becomes to be known the characteristic point of image Not as the boundary mark of image synthesis.Image tagged software according to described radar detection image and tomoscan image to tissue identification Labelling, the labelling of lymph node identification and the labelling of characteristic, on coordinate axes formed coincidence point, complete described radar visit Altimetric image and the fusion of tomoscan image, the method is equally applicable to two dimension or the three-dimensional breast image that other modes combine. Further comprises the display to multi-modal microwave breast image, the two and three dimensions information of display breast, the labelling to focal area. Another kind of method is pixel weighted mean method, it may be assumed that by described radar detection image and described tomoscan image correspondence position Image pixel weighted average completes image co-registration.

Below as a example by labelling method:

Image registration

By using coupling, superposition etc. to process means, by the picture same of the same target holding in multiple image Position so that it is there is the process of identical space coordinates.

In the microwave tomoscan image registration with microwave radar image, by metastable microwave tomoscan image As reference picture I, microwave radar image is joined as floating image II, the image carrying out maximum mutual information method based on pixel Accurate.

Rigid body translation includes transformation of scale, in two-dimensional image I I, and point (x₁, y₁) through rigid transformation to point (x₂, y₂) should With formula it is:

$\left[\begin{array}{c}{x}_2\\ y_2\end{array}\right]=K\left[\begin{array}{cc}cos\mathrm{\α}& \±sin\mathrm{\α}\\ sin\mathrm{\α}& \±cos\mathrm{\α}\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{c}{x}_1\\ y_1\end{array}\right]---\left(1\right)$

Wherein, α is the anglec of rotation, and K is scale parameter.

Mutual information relevance evaluation.Regard the gray value of two images subject to registration as two stochastic variable A and B respectively, Scope 0 to 255, marginal probability distribution is respectively P_A(a) and P_BB (), joint probability distribution is P_AB(a, b), then can obtain A with The edge entropy of B and combination entropy are respectively as follows: H (A), H (B) and H (A, B).Then have:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}H\left(A\right)=-\underset{a}{\Σ}{P}_A\left(a\right){\mathrm{logP}}_A\left(a\right)\\ H\left(B\right)=-\underset{b}{\Σ}{P}_B\left(b\right){\mathrm{logP}}_B\left(b\right)\\ H(A,B)=-\underset{a}{\Σ}\underset{b}{\Σ}{P}_{AB}(a,b){\mathrm{logP}}_{AB}(a,b)\end{array}\right.,a,b\∈\[0,255\]---\left(2\right)$

Normalized mutual information dependent evaluation function I (A, B) of stochastic variable A and B, for:

$I(A,B)=\frac{H\left(A\right)+H\left(B\right)}{H(A,B)}---\left(3\right)$

When two width images based on common anatomical structure reach optimal registration, the gray scale cross-correlation letter of they respective pixel Breath value I (A, B) should reach maximum.

Registration optimizes.After rigid body translation completes, described image optimization module 53 is optimized, it may be assumed that find a kind of similarity Side degree weighs the similarity degree of two width images, needs continuous transformation parameter α and K so that similar side degree reaches optimum, wherein Scale parameter K excursion is 0 to 1, and rotation angle range is 0 to 180 degree.

1. α Yu K transformation range collection is combined into the unit vector of coordinate axes: c_i=e (i=1,2 ..., N)；

2. record initial value position vector is P₀=(α₀, K₀)；

3. to i=1,2 ..., N, by P_i-1Move to object function I (A, B) and prolong c_iThe maximum position in direction, writes down this point P_i；

4. to i=1,2 ..., N, by c_i+1It is assigned to c_i, juxtaposition c_N=P_N-P₀；

5. by P_NMove to object function I (A, B) at c_NMaximum point on direction, and record the P of this point₀；

6. repeat step 2. to arrive 5., until functional value I (A, B) no longer increases.

Preferred implementation of the present utility model is: also included carrying out Image semantic classification before carrying out image co-registration.

Microwave tomoscan image preprocess method is as follows: big by external interference factor based on microwave Tomography, Image semantic classification we utilize point processing to carry out the extension of contrast, make image clear, feature is obvious, it is assumed that original image f (x, Y) tonal range is [a, b], and (x, linear the extending to [c, d] of tonal range y) then exist gray scale to the image g after conversion Linear transformation expression formula is:

$g(x,y)=\frac{d-c}{b-a}\×\[f(x,y)-a\]+c$

When in image, the grey level distribution of major part pixel is interior at interval [a, b], f_maxFor the maximum gray scale of artwork, only The gray level having very small part has exceeded this interval, then in order to improve reinforced effects, Wo Menling

$g(x,y)=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}c& 0\≤f(x,y)\≤a\\ \frac{d-c}{b-a}\×\[f(x,y)-a\]+c& a\≤f(x,y)\≤b\\ d& b\≤f(x,y)\≤f_{max}\end{array}\right.$

By the linear stretch to image, picture contrast effect can be effectively improved.

Microwave radar image pre-processing method is as follows: owing to microwave radar imaging is except the intrinsic problem speckle noise existed Outward, there is also the bright spot high-frequency noise of random appearance, we utilize low pass Recursive filtering method that it is carried out pretreatment simultaneously.

Assume the grey decision-making x of each pixel in the n-th width microwave radar image_n(i j) represents, α is correlation coefficient, then locate Image y after reason_n(i j) is

y_n(i, j)=α * y_n-1(i, j)+(1-α) * x_n(i, j) (4)

By formula (4) it is known that the value of current each pixel is solely dependent upon the input of this pixel and the defeated of last time Going out, unrelated with the value of other pixels, we analyze its frequency characteristic by one-dimensional transform method, analyze each pixel The frequency response of point self, i.e. has:

Y (n)=α * y (n-1)+(1-α) * x (n) (5)

Its transmission function is,

H (z)=Y (z)/X (z)=(1-α)/(1-α z^-1) (6)

In l-G simulation test, value α is the amplitude-frequency characteristic of 0.2,0.6 and 0.8, and α value is the biggest, and radio-frequency component is repressed The most severe, weaken speckle noise the most obvious.

Preferred implementation of the present utility model is: when microwave signal antenna element 2 scans, from top to bottom with spiral side Formula scans, and sweep radius is from small to large；Or scanning the most in a spiral manner, sweep radius is from big to small.It is embodied as In example, microwave signal antenna element 2 is scanned along hemisphere track the most in a spiral manner, sweep radius from top to bottom by Little to big.Microwave signal antenna element is scanned along hemisphere track the most in a spiral manner, and sweep radius is from top to bottom Descending.So scanning track is closer to udder shape, and microwave signal is more accurate.Described microwave signal antenna element includes micro- Ripple launches antenna and microwave antenna, and described microwave transmitting antenna and microwave antenna are fixedly installed side by side.Described microwave Signal antenna unit 2 can be one, it is also possible to for multiple.When described microwave signal antenna element is one, described microwave is sent out Penetrate antenna and microwave antenna alternate emission chronologically and reception；When described microwave signal antenna element is multiple, described micro- Ripple signal antenna unit alternation successively, the described microwave transmitting antenna in each described microwave signal antenna element 2 and Microwave antenna alternate emission chronologically and reception.

Preferred implementation of the present utility model is: described microwave signal antenna element 2 can be one, it is also possible to for many Individual.Described microwave signal antenna element 2 includes microwave transmitting antenna and microwave antenna, described microwave transmitting antenna and described Microwave antenna is same microwave antenna, described microwave transmitting antenna and described microwave antenna alternation；Described micro- Ripple launches antenna and described microwave antenna is different microwave antennas, then respectively as launching antenna and reception antenna work.

Preferred implementation of the present utility model is: described microwave signal generating unit 1, for multiple, occurs microwave width respectively Tape pulse signal and microwave single-frequency coherent signal.If described microwave signal generating unit 1 is one, alternately there is microwave broadband arteries and veins Rush signal and microwave single-frequency coherent signal.

Of the present utility model having the technical effect that builds a kind of multi-modal microwave breast imaging device, by by described radar In detection image and described tomoscan image, the pixel of piece image is mapped in another piece image, makes the phase of two width images Close pixel on locus, reach unanimously to complete the fusion of this two width image.Can during diagnosis earlier stage cancer patients With by using different image modes to have complementary advantages, microwave radar imaging utilizes ultra-wideband microwave signal to obtain target Scattering center high-resolution in distance, then utilizes doppler information, it is thus achieved that scattering center high score in lateral separation Resolution, both combinations can obtain two dimension or the dimensional resolution of target, so that the multidigit high-resolution of target is achieved. Microwave Tomography is by low power microwave directive testee, and under the excitation of microwave, measured object produces a scattering , this scattered field is relevant with the complex dielectric permittivity distribution within measured object, by the measurement to this scattering, obtains measured object Relative dielectric constant and the distribution of electrical conductivity, the microwave that can obtain measured object internal object after carrying out corresponding information processing breaks Layer imaging.By both technology successful fusion in this utility model, constitute a set of multi-mode microwave breast imaging system, reach imaging Good and bad complementary purpose.

Above content is to combine concrete preferred implementation further detailed description of the utility model, it is impossible to Assert that of the present utility model being embodied as is confined to these explanations.Ordinary skill for this utility model art For personnel, without departing from the concept of the premise utility, it is also possible to make some simple deduction or replace, all should regard For belonging to protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims (7)

1. a multi-modal Microwave Scanning breast imaging device, it is characterised in that include microwave signal generating unit, microwave signal Antenna element, radar imagery unit, Tomography unit, image output unit, described microwave signal generating unit occurs Microwave broadband pulse signal and microwave single-frequency coherent signal, described microwave signal antenna element in a spiral manner along hemisphere track around Breast area motion scan to be measured, described microwave signal antenna element launches microwave broadband pulse signal and the relevant letter of microwave single-frequency Number, described microwave signal antenna element receives microwave broadband pulse echo signal and microwave single-frequency echo-signal, and described radar becomes As unit generates radar detection image according to microwave broadband pulse echo signal, described Tomography unit is according to microwave list Frequently echo signal form tomoscan image, described image output unit is by described radar detection image and described faulted scanning pattern As carrying out fusion of imaging output.

The most multi-modal Microwave Scanning breast imaging device, it is characterised in that described microwave signal antenna The moving track of unit is the most in the shape of a spiral, and track radius from top to bottom is ascending.

The most multi-modal Microwave Scanning breast imaging device, it is characterised in that described microwave signal antenna The moving track of unit is that orbit radius is the most descending the most in the shape of a spiral.

The most multi-modal Microwave Scanning breast imaging device, it is characterised in that described microwave signal antenna Unit includes microwave transmitting antenna and microwave antenna.

The most multi-modal Microwave Scanning breast imaging device, it is characterised in that described microwave transmitting antenna It is same microwave antenna with described microwave antenna, described microwave transmitting antenna and described microwave antenna alternation.

The most multi-modal Microwave Scanning breast imaging device, it is characterised in that described microwave signal occurs Unit is multiple, and microwave broadband pulse signal and microwave single-frequency coherent signal occur respectively.

The most multi-modal Microwave Scanning breast imaging device, it is characterised in that described microwave signal occurs Unit is one, and microwave broadband pulse signal and microwave single-frequency coherent signal alternately occur.