CN205798457U - A kind of low speed large torque moment permanent-magnet synchronous high-speed automatic tool changing electrical spindle - Google Patents

Abstract

The open a kind of low speed large torque moment permanent-magnet synchronous high-speed automatic tool changing electrical spindle of this utility model, including body, internal body is provided with stator, rotor, armature spindle, spring pretightening mechanism and fore bearing and rear bearing, also include: be fixed on the connector connecting seat with being connected seat and be connected of body rear end, the cylinder assembly connected with connector, be arranged at the bonnet of cylinder assembly end, be connected to the drive end bearing bracket of body front end；There is loose tool-broaching mechanism at armature spindle center, and front end is furnished with pulling claw, middle equipped with dished spring assembly, makes automatic tool changer more convenient, accurate, quick in conjunction with high-performance sensors.Rear end uses magneto-electric encoder to make low speed torque output more equalize；Use compressed air to carry out contactless hermetic seal, higher rotary speed can be obtained；This utility model main axle structure is the compactest but powerful, not only little than the conventional electro spindle volume of equal-wattage, and has reached low speed high torque, it is possible to be widely used in the Precision Machining of the high speed of various material, low speed.

Description

A kind of low speed large torque moment permanent-magnet synchronous high-speed automatic tool changing electrical spindle

Technical field

This utility model belongs to electromechanical integration field of engineering technology, is specifically related to a kind of low speed large torque moment permanent-magnet and synchronizes height Speed automatic tool changing electrical spindle.

Background technology

Conventional automatic tool changing electrical spindle is by built-in for main shaft moving load with high speed, separately adds a set of cylinder and pine tool-broaching mechanism, Thus realize the power part of the electromechanical integration of the functions such as high rotating speed, high accuracy and high efficiency, it is mainly used in High-speed machining Lathe, it is achieved the high rotating speed of different materials is processed, improves working (machining) efficiency.

The high-speed electric main shaft of automatic tool changer is relatively common in the market, but can run up, again can low-speed running and The electro spindle having big torque to export is little, and the automatic tool changing electrical spindle high-speed asynchronous frequency conversion motor of employing that main cause is traditional is Basic engineering, is not suitable for low speed processing, and low speed output torque is little.Recently as the market need to low speed high torque electro spindle Asking, the electro spindle that a kind of permanent-magnet synchronous combines automatic tool changer as built-in motor arises at the historic moment, but due to rotor design edge In common synchronization motor, making high speed electromagnetic weaken the most prominent, heating increases, and uses Surface Mount permanent magnet processing technique in addition, makes Run up more difficult；The most traditional automatic tool changing electrical spindle is when tool changing, and its tool changing axial force all acts at a high speed On fine grinding bearing, substantially reduce the service life of bearing.Having problems for above-mentioned electro spindle, those skilled in the art need badly There is provided one can low-speed big processing, again can the low speed large torque moment permanent-magnet synchronous high-speed automatic tool changing electrical master of high-speed cutting Axle.

Utility model content

For above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, this utility model provides one and can process, again can by low-speed big High-speed cutting, and stable performance, bearing length in service life, be capable of the low speed large torque moment permanent-magnet synchronous high-speed of automatic tool changer from Dynamic tool changing electrical spindle.

For achieving the above object, this utility model have employed techniques below scheme:

A kind of low speed large torque moment permanent-magnet synchronous high-speed automatic tool changing electrical spindle, including body, described internal body is provided with fixed Son, rotor, armature spindle, spring pretightening mechanism and be divided into fore bearing and the rear bearing at armature spindle two ends, also include: be fixed on The connector connecting seat with being connected seat and be connected of body rear end, the cylinder assembly connected with connector, is arranged at cylinder assembly end The bonnet in portion, it is connected to the drive end bearing bracket of body front end；Described drive end bearing bracket has also been sticked near the front side of cutter protecgulum, described protecgulum And it is provided with formation labyrinth sealed between armature spindle and seals lid, on front side of described protecgulum, be additionally provided with seal closure；Described fore bearing is pacified It is loaded on body drive end bearing bracket；Described drive end bearing bracket is being provided with baffle plate at the shaft shoulder of armature spindle；The employing of described rotor is embedded forever Magnet for a long time；

Described armature spindle center has loose tool-broaching mechanism, described pine tool-broaching mechanism to include pull bar, be fixed on pull bar outfan use In clamp cutter group pulling claw；On pull bar, the one end away from pulling claw is also arranged with gland；It is fixed on pull bar away from pulling claw The gland of one end；Described cylinder assembly includes multistage cylinder and the piston of parallel connection, and wherein first order cylinder and piston are fixed on even On junctor, afterbody cylinder is connected with bonnet；The end of described gland constitutes driving pine tool-broaching mechanism fortune in being contained in piston Move the matching relationship with automatic tool changer；

Front end sealing gland entrance AS, power input line interface it is formed with on described connection seat；Described connection seat, body, front end It is formed with, in lid and protecgulum, the first compression air flow channel connected with front end sealing gland entrance AS, the first compression sky in described drive end bearing bracket The end of flow channel forms pressure-fired in seal closure；

Being also equipped with magneto-electric encoder in described connection seat, encoder lead-in wire is drawn and external control system from connecting seat It is connected.

Preferably, described fore bearing, rear bearing all use two to assemble bearing in parallel；Bearing pairing form is set to DT combination Form.

Preferably, described connection seat also forms coolant inlet WA1, cooling liquid outlet WA2, described connection seat and body Inside it is formed with the cooling passage connected with coolant inlet WA1, cooling liquid outlet WA2；Described coolant inlet WA1, cooling Liquid outlet WA2, cooling passage form Double helix passage in body.

Further, described Double helix passage has additional manhole.

Further, described coolant is water or low viscous oil.

Preferably, described cylinder assembly includes level Four cylinder and the piston of parallel connection.

Further, described bonnet is formed and unloads cutter intake interface TO and piston reset intake interface TI, described in unload cutter The through rearward end to first order piston of intake interface TO, piston reset intake interface TI is communicated to the front end of first order piston Portion；When in time unloading injection air in cutter intake interface TO, first order piston is moved by the direction pressed near cutter, and pine is drawn in pressure Cutter mechanism makes pulling claw open release cutter；When being passed through compressed air in piston reset intake interface TI, compressed air enters work Plug cavity of resorption promotes piston to move to the direction away from cutter, and pine tool-broaching mechanism resets and makes pulling claw clamp-on tool.

Further, described pull bar is set to hollow pipe, equipped with the dished spring assembly of resisting fatigue on pull bar；Dished spring assembly is fixed on Gland effect end.

Further, described connection seat is also formed the dedusting communicated with pull bar centre bore, pulling claw and front end spindle taper hole Intake interface CL；Dedusting intake interface CL when unloading cutter, compressed air can by piston reach with connector, gland, pull bar and Pulling claw forms the second compressed air channel b.

Further, also including sensor, described sensor is by from connecting sensor lead SE and the outside that seat is drawn Control system be connected.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

1), this utility model drives pine tool-broaching mechanism motion, cooperation high-performance by the gland end being contained in piston Sensor realizes automatic tool changer, concrete, and when compressed air enters piston back cavity four piston movement, piston ante-chamber air is by arranging Pore Self-discharged, pine tool-broaching mechanism disc spring compression, pulling claw opens voluntarily, and cutter comes off.When new cutter dress cutter, piston reset Intake interface is communicated to the leading section of piston, now move after piston ante-chamber is passed through compressed air accelerating piston, and piston ante-chamber is certainly Row supplements air, piston back cavity air-out from air vent, and the disc spring simultaneously compressed resets rapidly, and cutter is strained voluntarily.As This reciprocal in addition cooperation with high-performance sensors can realize automatically changing cutter, and tool changing is easily and fast, reliably.

2), this utility model given up the design concept of rotor Surface Mount permanent magnet material, use the embedded permanent magnetic of rotor instead Property material, reduce high-speed magnetic field weaken, reduce rotor heating, it is possible to obtain the higher speed of mainshaft and enough torques, especially Effect the good stability of big torque is obtained when low speed.

3), this utility model main axle structure the compactest but powerful, propped up by the size controlling the shaft shoulder and baffle plate The axial force born during support automatic tool changer, thus changes the bearing assembling form of conventional electro spindle, and bearing pairing form is by tradition DB combining form be designed to DT combining form, it is to avoid the responsive to axial force every time brought because of tool changing is on bearing, thus subtracts The axial force injury to bearing during few automatic tool changer, DT combining form is higher than the limit speed of DB combining form simultaneously, significantly Improve the service life of bearing.

4), this utility model cooling liquid flowing channel is optimized design, add inspection in the centre of whole coolant flow channel Repair mouth, it is simple to the impurity of precipitation in cleaning coolant, it is ensured that the cooling effect of the key positions such as electro spindle stator, bearing, it is ensured that The heat stability of main shaft and cutter, and then improve machining accuracy.

5), main shaft of the present utility model without special material or technique, low cost, dependable performance, is gone back on making simultaneously It is integrated with the function such as magnetism encoder, sensor, it is possible to be widely used in the slow cutting of various material, High-speed machining, especially It is suitable for machining center, bores and attack processing.

6), this utility model is also formed and removing that pull bar centre bore, pulling claw and front end spindle taper hole communicate on connection seat Dirt intake interface, dedusting intake interface is when unloading cutter, and compressed air can be by piston reach and connector, gland, pull bar and draw Claw type becomes another compressed air channel, removable handle of a knife, pulling claw, the impurity of inner hole of spindle, and raising handle of a knife connects with inner hole of spindle Touch precision, meet the processing request of high-precision part.

7), this utility model use tetrad cylinder assembly to coordinate pine tool-broaching mechanism to realize tool changing, concrete connector Be connected with cylinder assembly, after be covered with and unload cutter intake interface and piston reset intake interface, use the linkage of tetrad piston to unload cutter, full The operating mode that foot air pressure is unstable, is suitable for air pressure range wide.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view of one preferred embodiment of this utility model.

Fig. 2 is the side structure schematic diagram of embodiment illustrated in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the enlarged drawing of this utility model cutter.

Fig. 4 is that embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 is in the structural representation unloading knife-like state.

Fig. 5 is the cross-sectional view of embodiment illustrated in fig. 1.

In figure, the implication of label symbol is as follows:

1-cutter 2-seal closure 3-protecgulum 4-seals lid

5-fore bearing 6-fore bearing spacer ring 7-drive end bearing bracket 8-baffle plate

9-armature spindle 10-rotor 11-stator 12-body

13-dished spring assembly 14-pine tool-broaching mechanism 140-pull bar 141-pulling claw

15-spring pretightening mechanism 16-rear bearing 17-connects seat 18-magneto-electric encoder

19-locking nut 20-gland 21-sensor 22-connector

23-first order piston 24-cylinder 25-afterbody piston 26-bonnet

TO-unloads cutter intake interface TI-piston reset intake interface

AS-front end sealing gland entrance WA1-coolant inlet WA2-cooling liquid outlet

CL-front end taper hole dedusting intake interface SE-sensor lead

SEI-encoder lead-in wire a-the first compression air flow channel b-the second compressed air channel

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in this utility model embodiment, the technical scheme in this utility model is carried out clear, It is fully described by.Following example are only used for clearly illustrating the technical solution of the utility model, and can not limit with this Make protection domain of the present utility model.

Seeing Fig. 1～Fig. 5, for a kind of low speed large torque moment permanent-magnet synchronous high-speed automatic tool changing electrical spindle, agent structure includes: Body 12, is provided with stator 11, rotor 10, armature spindle 9, spring pretightening mechanism 15, fore bearing 5 and rear bearing inside body 12 16, wherein, fore bearing 5 and rear bearing 16 are divided into armature spindle 9 two ends and fore bearing 5 is installed on body drive end bearing bracket 7, front axle Hold 5, rear bearing 16 all uses two to assemble bearing in parallel, is provided with fore bearing spacer ring 6 between the fore bearing of pairing；Bearing pairing Form is set to DT combining form.Stator 11 and armature spindle 9 are integrated in the inside of body 12, and armature spindle 9 is away from the rear end zero of cutter 1 Parts are fastened by locking nut 19, the high frequency three phase mains of external drive mechanism output by built-in motor go between (U, V, W) supply electricity to electro spindle, drive shaft runs up, and the maximum speed that can operate depends on fore bearing 5, rear bearing 16, turns The maximum speed of the axle system that sub-axle 9, spring pretightening mechanism 15 are formed.In this utility model, by the structure of main shaft is carried out Optimizing design, it is big that main shaft has reached low speed torque, and the steady operation rotating speed of high speed 24000rpm, in certainly moving in the market Cutter electro spindle maintains the leading position.

In order to realize automatic tool changer, in addition to aforementioned body structure, as shown in Figures 1 to 5, electro spindle also includes: fixing Connecting seat 17, be fixed on the connector 22 connected on seat in body 12 rear end, and is connected the connector 22 that seat 17 is connected, with company Cylinder assembly that junctor 22 is connected, it is arranged at the bonnet 26 of cylinder assembly end, is connected to the drive end bearing bracket 7 of body 12 front end；Before End cap 7 has also been sticked near the front side of cutter 1 protecgulum 3, is provided with formation labyrinth sealed and seals between protecgulum 3 and armature spindle 9 Lid 4, is additionally provided with seal closure 2 on front side of protecgulum 3；Fore bearing 5 is installed on body drive end bearing bracket 7, and concrete is positioned at drive end bearing bracket 7, protecgulum 3 And between armature spindle 9 three；Drive end bearing bracket 7 is being provided with baffle plate 8 at the shaft shoulder of armature spindle 9, by controlling the shaft shoulder and baffle plate 8 The axial force that size is born when supporting automatic tool changer, thus the axial force injury to bearing when reducing automatic tool changer；Rotor 10 Use embedded permanent magnet, reduce high-speed magnetic field and weaken, reduce rotor heating, it is possible to obtain the higher speed of mainshaft with enough Torque, obtain effect the good stability of big torque especially when low speed.

Armature spindle 9 center has loose tool-broaching mechanism 14, pine tool-broaching mechanism 14 to include pull bar 140, be fixed on pull bar 140 outfan For clamping the pulling claw 141 of cutter group；On pull bar 140, the one end away from pulling claw 141 is also arranged with gland 20；Cylinder assembly bag Including multistage cylinder 24 and the piston of parallel connection, wherein first order cylinder and piston are fixed on connector 22, afterbody cylinder 25 It is connected with bonnet 26；As one preferred embodiment, pull bar 140 is set to hollow pipe, equipped with the dish of resisting fatigue on pull bar 140 Spring assembly 13；Dished spring assembly 13 is fixed on gland 20 and acts on end.The end of gland 20 constitutes driving pine broaching tool in being contained in piston Mechanism 14 moves the matching relationship with automatic tool changer, concrete: cylinder 24 promotes piston component to move forward by entering compressed air, Making dished spring assembly 13 compress, pulling claw 141 reach is also opened voluntarily, and cutter 1 leaves taper hole, thus realizes changing cutter；This practicality Novel electric spindle also includes sensor 21, and sensor 21 is by from connecting sensor lead SE and the outside control that seat 17 is drawn System is connected, and coordinates sensor 21 can realize the purpose of automatic tool changer.

Further, rear end cap 26 is formed and unloads cutter intake interface TO and piston reset intake interface TI, unload cutter and enter The through rearward end to first order piston 23 of gas interface TO, piston reset intake interface TI is communicated to the front end of first order piston 23 Portion；As shown in Figure 4, when, in time unloading injection air in cutter intake interface TO, first order piston 23 is by pressing to the direction near cutter 1 Motion, pressure pine tool-broaching mechanism 14 makes pulling claw 141 open release cutter 1 as shown in Figure 3；As it is shown in figure 5, when to piston reset When being passed through compressed air in intake interface TI, compressed air is entered piston cavity of resorption and is promoted piston to move to the direction away from cutter 1, pine Tool-broaching mechanism 14 resets and makes pulling claw 141 clamp-on tool 1.

This utility model as shown in Figure 2, Figure 4 shows, is formed on seat 17 connecting: front end sealing gland entrance AS, connects seat 17, machine It is formed with the first compression air flow channel a connected with front end sealing gland entrance AS in body 12 and drive end bearing bracket 7, produces in dust cover 2 Pressure-fired air, this positive pressure air is flowed out by gap between dust cover 2 and armature spindle 9, main-axis end formed around Certain air film, it is to avoid extraneous moisture, impurity enter main shaft and reaches the effect of non-contacting seal, change high-speed rotary Turn and can not use the defect of contact seal.

In order to make main shaft have good heat stability, it is ensured that uninterruptedly carrying out of the course of processing, as shown in Figure 2,4, even It is also formed with on joint chair 17: coolant inlet WA1, cooling liquid outlet WA2, is formed and coolant in connecting seat 17 and body 12 The cooling passage of entrance WA1, cooling liquid outlet WA2 connection；Coolant inlet WA1, cooling liquid outlet WA2, cooling passage In body formed Double helix passage, coolant cooled liquid entrance WA1 enters cooling passage, to stator 11, fore bearing 5, Rear bearing 16 cools down, and finally discharges from cooling liquid outlet WA2, completes cycle heat exchange, make the heat stability of main shaft be protected Card, drastically increases machining accuracy.Simultaneously in whole circulation canal, be additionally arranged manhole, in order to when main spindle overhauling to because of The cleaning of precipitated impurities in coolant, so can keep the unimpeded of cooling water channel and cooling effect, substantially prolongs electro spindle Life-span.Coolant can be water or low viscous oil.

Further improve as this utility model, as shown in Fig. 1,2,4,5, be also formed with a front end connecting on seat 17 Taper hole dedusting intake interface CL, this taper hole communicates with pull bar 140 centre bore, pulling claw 141 and front end spindle taper hole；Dedusting air inlet connecting Mouth CL is when unloading cutter, and compressed air can form second by piston reach with connector 22, gland 20, pull bar 140 and pulling claw 141 Compressed air channel b, finally blows on the conical surface of front-end of spindle, it is achieved to main shaft inner conical surface and the cleaning of cutter 1 male cone (strobilus masculinus), protects Protect conical surface cleannes, so that it is guaranteed that main shaft precision.

This utility model is also made that improvement in terms of signal feedback, including: sensor 21 and magneto-electric encoder 18, point Not by being connected with outside control system with encoder lead-in wire SEI from the sensor lead SE connecting seat 17 extraction.Pass through The signal of sensor 21 feedback makes the control system of outside obtain tool position state accurately, it is achieved machine tool system controls automatically Tool changing；Magneto-electric encoder 18 can feed back rotating speed and the angular signal of main shaft accurately simultaneously, by the acceptance to this signal, Machine tool system can control main shaft and realizes closed loop control accurately, angle location and guarantee the steady output of low speed high torque, makes Low speed torque output equilibrium, runs up steady reliable, and positioning precision is high, is suitable for the cutting of all kinds of low-speed bigs and brill is attacked and added Work.

The above is only preferred implementation of the present utility model, it is noted that for the common skill of the art For art personnel, on the premise of without departing from this utility model know-why, it is also possible to make some improvement and deformation, these change Enter and deform and also should be regarded as protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. a low speed large torque moment permanent-magnet synchronous high-speed automatic tool changing electrical spindle, including body (12), described body (12) is internal It is provided with stator (11), rotor (10), armature spindle (9), spring pretightening mechanism (15) and is divided into the front axle at armature spindle (9) two ends Hold (5) and rear bearing (16), it is characterised in that also include: be fixed on the connection seat (17) of body (12) rear end and be connected seat (17) be connected connector (22), with connector (22) be connected cylinder assembly, be arranged at cylinder assembly end bonnet (26), It is connected to the drive end bearing bracket (7) of body (12) front end；Described drive end bearing bracket (7) has also been sticked near the front side of cutter (1) protecgulum (3), Being provided with formation labyrinth sealed between described protecgulum (3) and armature spindle (9) and seal lid (4), described protecgulum (3) front side is additionally provided with Seal closure (2)；Described fore bearing (5) is installed on body drive end bearing bracket (7)；Described drive end bearing bracket (7) is at the axle near armature spindle (9) Baffle plate (8) it is provided with at shoulder；Described rotor (10) uses embedded permanent magnet；

Described armature spindle (9) center has loose tool-broaching mechanism (14), described pine tool-broaching mechanism (14) to include pull bar (140), be fixed on Pull bar (140) outfan is for clamping the pulling claw (141) of cutter group；On pull bar (140), the one end away from pulling claw (141) is also overlapped It is provided with gland (20)；Described cylinder assembly includes multistage cylinder (24) and the piston of parallel connection, and wherein first order cylinder and piston are solid On connector (22), afterbody cylinder is connected with bonnet (26)；The end of described gland (20) is contained in structure in piston Become to drive pine tool-broaching mechanism (14) motion with the matching relationship of automatic tool changer；

It is formed with front end sealing gland entrance (AS), power input line interface on described connection seat (17)；Described connection seat (17), body (12), it is formed with the first compression air flow channel (a) connected with front end sealing gland entrance (AS), institute in drive end bearing bracket (7) and protecgulum (3) State the end of the first compression air flow channel (a) in drive end bearing bracket (7) in seal closure (2), form pressure-fired；

Being also equipped with magneto-electric encoder (18) in described connection seat (17), encoder lead-in wire (SEI) is drawn from connecting seat (17) It is connected with external control system.

A kind of low speed large torque moment permanent-magnet synchronous high-speed automatic tool changing electrical spindle the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: Described fore bearing (5), rear bearing (16) all use two to assemble bearing in parallel；Bearing pairing form is set to DT combining form.

A kind of low speed large torque moment permanent-magnet synchronous high-speed automatic tool changing electrical spindle the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: Coolant inlet (WA1), cooling liquid outlet (WA2), described connection seat (17) and body is also formed on described connection seat (17) (12) cooling passage connected with coolant inlet (WA1), cooling liquid outlet (WA2) it is formed with in；Described coolant inlet (WA1), cooling liquid outlet (WA2), cooling passage form Double helix passage in body.

A kind of low speed large torque moment permanent-magnet synchronous high-speed automatic tool changing electrical spindle the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: Described Double helix passage has additional manhole.

A kind of low speed large torque moment permanent-magnet synchronous high-speed automatic tool changing electrical spindle the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: Described coolant is water or low viscous oil.

A kind of low speed large torque moment permanent-magnet synchronous high-speed automatic tool changing electrical spindle the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: Described cylinder assembly includes level Four cylinder (24) and the piston of parallel connection.

7. according to a kind of low speed large torque moment permanent-magnet synchronous high-speed automatic tool changing electrical spindle described in any one of claim 1～6, its Be characterised by: be formed on described bonnet (26) and unload cutter intake interface (TO) and piston reset intake interface (TI), described in unload cutter The through rearward end to first order piston (23) of intake interface (TO), piston reset intake interface (TI) is communicated to first order piston (23) leading section；When, in time unloading injection air in cutter intake interface (TO), first order piston (23) is pressed near cutter (1) Direction motion, pressure pine tool-broaching mechanism (14) make pulling claw (141) open release cutter (1)；When to piston reset intake interface (TI), when being passed through compressed air in, compressed air is entered piston cavity of resorption and is promoted piston to move to the direction away from cutter (1), pine broaching tool Mechanism (14) resets and makes pulling claw (141) clamp-on tool (1).

A kind of low speed large torque moment permanent-magnet synchronous high-speed automatic tool changing electrical spindle the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: Described pull bar (140) is set to hollow pipe, equipped with the dished spring assembly (13) of resisting fatigue on pull bar (140)；Dished spring assembly (13) is fixed End is acted at gland (20).

A kind of low speed large torque moment permanent-magnet synchronous high-speed automatic tool changing electrical spindle the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: The dedusting air inlet communicated with pull bar (140) centre bore, pulling claw (141) and front end spindle taper hole is also formed on described connection seat (17) Interface (CL)；Dedusting intake interface (CL) is when unloading cutter, and compressed air can be by piston reach and connector (22), gland (20), pull bar (140) and pulling claw (141) form the second compressed air channel (b).

A kind of low speed large torque moment permanent-magnet synchronous high-speed automatic tool changing electrical spindle the most according to claim 7, its feature exists In: also including sensor (21), described sensor (21) is by from connecting sensor lead (SE) and the outside that seat (17) is drawn Control system be connected.