CN205786805U - Flame detection circuit and flame ignition detection circuit - Google Patents
Flame detection circuit and flame ignition detection circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN205786805U CN205786805U CN201620500533.0U CN201620500533U CN205786805U CN 205786805 U CN205786805 U CN 205786805U CN 201620500533 U CN201620500533 U CN 201620500533U CN 205786805 U CN205786805 U CN 205786805U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a flame detection circuitry and flame ignition detection circuitry. This flame detection circuit includes: the first end of the first capacitor is connected with an alternating current mains supply, and the second end of the first capacitor is grounded; the first end of the second capacitor is connected with an alternating current mains supply, and the second end of the second capacitor is connected with a fire detection needle, wherein the fire detection needle is used for detecting flame, and the fire detection needle is communicated with the ground when flame exists and the alternating current mains supply is in a positive time; the first end of the third capacitor is connected with the second end of the second capacitor, and the second end of the third capacitor is grounded; and the first end of the flame signal output circuit is connected with the first end of the third capacitor and used for outputting a flame prompt signal according to whether the voltage of the first end of the third capacitor exceeds a preset voltage range. Through the utility model discloses, the flame detection circuitry who has solved among the correlation technique adopts the higher problem of circuit cost of exchanging mains supply.
Description
Technical field
This utility model relates to circuit field, in particular to a kind of flame detection circuit and flame ignition detection electricity
Road.
Background technology
Traditional flame detection circuit needs to use relatively costly relay, is controlled electric main by relay
System, circuit cost is higher.Patents additionally provides a kind of flame ion current intensity and pulse ignition circuit, such as figure
Shown in 1, flame detection circuit in the program need special pulse width modulation (Pulse Width Modulation,
It being called for short PWM) electric main becomes DC source to provide power supply by circuit.Circuit in this patent uses two-way PWM
Modulation circuit, not only needs micro-control unit (Microcontroller Unit is called for short MCU) to produce and controls two-way PWM
The signal of modulation circuit, modulates electric main by a wherein road PWM circuit, electric main is become straight
Stream power supply, in addition it is also necessary to a road modulus sample circuit is used for detecting voltage, circuit is complicated, relatively costly, to main control chip
Resource occupation more, and flame detection circuit and pulse ignition circuit use time-sharing multiplex, fire defector and pulse
Igniting cannot synchronize to carry out, and fire defector is not in time.
The problem that the circuit cost powered of electric main is higher is used, at present for the flame detection circuit in correlation technique
Effective solution is not yet proposed.
Utility model content
Main purpose of the present utility model is to provide a kind of flame detection circuit and flame ignition testing circuit, to solve
The problem that circuit cost that flame detection circuit in correlation technique uses electric main to power is higher.
To achieve these goals, according to another aspect of the present utility model, it is provided that a kind of flame detection circuit.Should
Flame detection circuit includes: the first electric capacity, the first termination electric main of the first electric capacity, the second termination of the first electric capacity
Ground；Second electric capacity, the first termination electric main of the second electric capacity, the second termination fire testing needle of the second electric capacity, wherein,
Fire testing needle is used for detecting flame；3rd electric capacity, the first end of the 3rd electric capacity and the second end of the second electric capacity are connected, the
Second end ground connection of three electric capacity；And flare up fire output circuit, the first end of flare up fire output circuit and the 3rd electricity
The first end held is connected, and whether the voltage for the first end according to the 3rd electric capacity exceedes predetermined voltage range output fire
Flame cue.
Further, flare up fire output circuit includes: switching tube, the first end of switching tube and the first of the 3rd electric capacity
End is connected, and the second termination high level of switching tube, the 3rd end of switching tube is flame cue；First resistance,
First termination high level of the first resistance, the second end of the first resistance is connected with the base stage of switching tube；And second electricity
Hindering, the first end of the second resistance and the second end of the first resistance are connected, the second end ground connection of the second resistance.
Further, flare up fire output circuit also includes: the 3rd resistance, is connected to the first end of the 3rd electric capacity and opens
Close between the first end of pipe；And the 4th electric capacity, the first end of the 4th electric capacity is connected with the first end of switching tube, and
Second end ground connection of four electric capacity.
Further, flare up fire output circuit also includes: the 5th resistance, the first end of the 5th resistance and switching tube
3rd end is connected, and the second end of the 5th resistance is flame cue；6th resistance, the first end of the 6th resistance with
3rd end of switching tube is connected, the second end ground connection of the 6th resistance；And the 5th electric capacity, the first end of the 5th electric capacity
Being connected with the second end of the 5th resistance, the second end of the 5th electric capacity and the second end of the 6th resistance are connected.
Further, flare up fire output circuit also includes: the 7th resistance, the first end of the 7th resistance and switching tube
3rd end is connected；And the 6th electric capacity, the first end of the 6th electric capacity and the second end of the 7th resistance be connected, and the 6th
Second end ground connection of electric capacity.
Further, switching tube is audion, and the base stage of audion is connected with the first end of the 3rd electric capacity, audion
Colelctor electrode connect high level, the transmitting of audion extremely flame cue, or, switching tube is field effect transistor, field
The grid of effect pipe and the first end of the 3rd electric capacity are connected, and the drain electrode of field effect transistor connects high level, the source of field effect transistor
Extremely flame cue.
Further, flame detection circuit also includes: the 8th resistance, the first end of the 8th resistance and the fire of electric main
Line is connected；9th resistance, the first end of the 9th resistance and the second end of the 8th resistance are connected, the of the 9th resistance
Two ends are connected with the zero line of electric main；And the tenth resistance, be connected to the second electric capacity the second end and fire testing needle it
Between.
Further, flame detection circuit also includes: the 11st resistance, is connected to second end and the 3rd of the second electric capacity
Between first end of electric capacity；Or diode, is connected between the second end of the second electric capacity and the first end of the 3rd electric capacity.
Further, the first electric capacity is safety electric capacity.
To achieve these goals, according to another aspect of the present utility model, it is provided that a kind of flame ignition testing circuit.
This flame ignition testing circuit includes: flame detection circuit, and wherein, flame detection circuit includes: the first electric capacity, the
First termination electric main of one electric capacity, the second end ground connection of the first electric capacity；Second electric capacity, the first end of the second electric capacity
Connecing electric main, the second termination fire testing needle of the second electric capacity, wherein, fire testing needle is used for detecting flame；3rd electric capacity,
First end of the 3rd electric capacity and the second end of the second electric capacity are connected, the second end ground connection of the 3rd electric capacity；Flare up fire is defeated
Going out circuit, the first end of flare up fire output circuit and the first end of the 3rd electric capacity are connected, for according to the 3rd electric capacity
The voltage of the first end whether exceed predetermined voltage range output flame cue, pressure cell, be connected to the first electricity
Between the second end and the second end of the second electric capacity that hold, for the second end and the second of the second electric capacity according to the first electric capacity
Whether the magnitude of voltage between end exceedes preset voltage value controls the second end of the first electric capacity and the second end conducting of the second electric capacity
Or disconnect；And firing circuit, firing circuit connects electric main, is used for performing igniting, and wherein, firing circuit is used for
Between two ignition electrode interfaces, generation high-tension electricity is with igniting, and two ignition electrode interfaces are used for connecting ignition electrode.
Further, firing circuit is crosspointer firing circuit, and two ignition electrodes are connected with two ignition electrode interfaces respectively.
Further, firing circuit is single needle firing circuit, and two ignition electrode interfaces include the first ignition electrode interface and
Two ignition electrode interfaces, ignition electrode and the first ignition electrode interface are connected, the second igniting needle interface and the second of the second electric capacity
End is connected.
Further, firing circuit includes: ignition control switch circuit, is used for receiving ignition signal and according to igniting letter
Number control point ignition circuit connects with electric main or disconnects；And oscillation step-up circuit, including two ignition electrode interfaces,
For producing pulsed high-voltage between two ignition electrode interfaces to perform pulse firing.
Further, firing circuit also includes: diode, and the anode of diode connects the live wire of electric main；First electricity
Resistance, the first end of the first resistance is connected with the negative electrode of diode；Second resistance, the first end of the second resistance and first
Second end of resistance is connected, and wherein, the resistance of the second resistance exceedes preset value with the ratio of the resistance of the first resistance, the
First end of two resistance is also connected with the first end of oscillation step-up circuit, the second end of the second resistance and oscillation boosting electricity
Second end on road is connected；3rd resistance, the first end of the 3rd resistance and the second end of the second resistance are connected, wherein,
The resistance of the second resistance exceedes preset value with the ratio of the resistance of the 3rd resistance, the second termination electric main of the 3rd resistance
Zero line, wherein, ignition control switch is electrically connected between the live wire of electric main and the second end of the first resistance, or
Person, is connected between the zero line of electric main and the first end of the second resistance.
Further, oscillation step-up circuit includes: high pressure diac, the first end of high pressure diac and
First end of two resistance is connected, and the second end of high pressure diac and the second end of the second resistance are connected；4th
Electric capacity, the first end of the 4th electric capacity and the first end of the second resistance are connected；Booster, the first end of booster and
Second end of four electric capacity is connected, and the second end of booster and the second end of the second resistance are connected, the 3rd of booster
End and the 4th end are two ignition electrode interfaces.
Further, ignition control switch circuit includes: the 4th resistance, and the first end of the 4th resistance is used for receiving igniting
Signal；5th resistance, the first termination high level of the 5th resistance；Optocoupler light emitting diode, optocoupler light emitting diode
First end is as the first end of ignition control switch circuit, and the second end of optocoupler light emitting diode is as ignition control switch
Second end of circuit, the 3rd end of optocoupler light emitting diode and the second end of the 5th resistance are connected；And switching tube,
First end of switching tube and the second end of the 4th resistance are connected, the of the second end of switching tube and optocoupler light emitting diode
Four ends are connected, the 3rd end ground connection of switching tube.
This utility model the first termination electric main by the first electric capacity, the second end ground connection of the first electric capacity；Second electricity
The the first termination electric main held, the second termination fire testing needle of the second electric capacity；First end of the 3rd electric capacity and the second electric capacity
The second end be connected, the second end ground connection of the 3rd electric capacity, when there being flame, fire testing needle with ground at electric main just
Half cycle passes through flame one-way conduction, and the first electric capacity and the second electric capacity constitute the loop of the positive half cycle of electric main, fire testing needle with
Ground disconnects at the negative half period of electric main, and the first electric capacity, the second electric capacity and the 3rd electric capacity constitute electric main negative half period
Loop so that the 3rd electric capacity is charged by electric main when there being flame, when the voltage of the 3rd electric capacity the first end exceedes pre-
If output characterizes the cue having flame during voltage range, solve the flame detection circuit in correlation technique and use friendship
Flowing the problem that the circuit cost of mains-supplied is higher, flame detection circuit realizes using electric mains to supply by three electric capacity
Whether electro-detection exists flame, and then has reached to reduce circuit cost that flame detection circuit uses electric main to power
Effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The accompanying drawing of the part constituting the application is used for providing being further appreciated by of the present utility model, of the present utility model
Schematic description and description is used for explaining this utility model, is not intended that improper restriction of the present utility model.?
In accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is flame ion current intensity and the schematic diagram of pulse ignition circuit of prior art；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the flame detection circuit according to this utility model first embodiment；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the flame detection circuit according to this utility model the second embodiment；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the flame detection circuit according to this utility model the 3rd embodiment；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the flame ignition testing circuit according to this utility model first embodiment；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the flame ignition testing circuit according to this utility model the second embodiment；And
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the flame ignition testing circuit according to this utility model the 3rd embodiment.
Detailed description of the invention
It should be noted that in the case of not conflicting, the embodiment in the application and the feature in embodiment can phases
Combination mutually.Describe this utility model below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments in detail.
In order to make those skilled in the art be more fully understood that the application scheme, below in conjunction with in the embodiment of the present application
Accompanying drawing, is clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application, it is clear that described embodiment
It is only the embodiment of the application part rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, ability
The every other embodiment that territory those of ordinary skill is obtained under not making creative work premise, all should belong to
The scope of the application protection.
It should be noted that term " first " in the description and claims of this application and above-mentioned accompanying drawing, "
Two " it is etc. for distinguishing similar object, without being used for describing specific order or precedence.Should be appreciated that this
The data that sample uses can be exchanged in the appropriate case, in order to embodiments herein described herein.Additionally, term
" include " and " having " and their any deformation, it is intended that cover non-exclusive comprising.
Embodiment of the present utility model provides a kind of flame detection circuit.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the flame detection circuit according to this utility model first embodiment.As in figure 2 it is shown, this fire
Flame testing circuit includes the first electric capacity 10, the second electric capacity 20, the 3rd electric capacity 30 and flare up fire output circuit 40.
First termination electric main AC of the first electric capacity 10, the second end ground connection of the first electric capacity 10.Preferably,
Second termination of one electric capacity 10 safely, connects safely for the earthing mode being perfectly safe in engineering, ground connection with connect safety
Ground can be conducting, or, it is also possible to it is connected a resistance on ground between safely, that is, the first electric capacity 10
The second end and the second end of the 3rd electric capacity 30 between can be connected by resistance.
Preferably, the first electric capacity 10 can be safety electric capacity, alternatively, in order to meet safety requirement, and can be according to electricity
First electric capacity 10 is replaced with the safety electric capacity of multiple series connection by the situation on road.The electric current of electric main AC is the cycle,
Being divided into positive half cycle and negative half period in one cycle, in positive half cycle, the electric current of electric main AC is positive current, negative half
In week, the electric current of electric main AC is negative current.
First termination electric main AC of the second electric capacity 20, the second termination fire testing needle X1 of the second electric capacity 20.
Fire testing needle X1 is used for detecting flame, and fire testing needle X1 can be disposed adjacent with ground, owing to flame has one-way conduction
Property, can regard as diode, have flame and electric main AC be timing fire testing needle X1 with connect, having fire
Flame and electric main AC disconnect with ground for fire testing needle X1 time negative.
First end of the 3rd electric capacity 30 and the second end of the second electric capacity 20 are connected, the second end ground connection of the 3rd electric capacity 30.
First end of flare up fire output circuit 40 and the first end of the 3rd electric capacity 30 are connected, for according to the 3rd electricity
Whether the voltage of the first end holding 30 exceedes predetermined voltage range output flame cue.
By above-mentioned connected mode, when without flame, electric main AC flows through the first electric capacity the 10, the 3rd electric capacity 30
The loop constituted with the second electric capacity 20, owing to electric main AC supplies alternating current, at the positive half cycle of electric main AC
First electric capacity the 10, second electric capacity 20 and the 3rd electric capacity 30 charge, electric main AC negative half period the first electric capacity 10,
Second electric capacity 20 and the 3rd electric capacity 30 discharge, therefore, when without flame, and first electric capacity the 10, second electric capacity 20 and
3rd electric capacity 30 cannot accumulation voltage, the voltage of the first end of the 3rd electric capacity 30 is within predetermined voltage range.
When there being flame, at the positive half cycle of electric main AC, fire testing needle X1 with connect, electric main AC flows through
The loop that first electric capacity 10 and the second electric capacity 20 are constituted, the first electric capacity 10 and the second electric capacity 20 charge, in exchange city
The negative half period of electricity AC, fire testing needle X1 disconnects with ground, and electric main AC flows through the first electric capacity the 10, the 3rd electric capacity 30
The loop constituted with the second electric capacity 20, electric discharge can be passed through by the second electric capacity 20 to the 3rd electric capacity 30, electric main AC
After multiple cycles, the numerical value of the negative voltage of the first end accumulation of the 3rd electric capacity 30 is more and more higher, that is, voltage more comes
It is the lowest, until the voltage of the first end of the 3rd electric capacity 30 exceedes predetermined voltage range.
Therefore, if the voltage of the first end of the 3rd electric capacity 30 exceedes predetermined voltage range, then illustrate currently to have flame,
Otherwise, if the voltage of the first end of the 3rd electric capacity 30 is not less than predetermined voltage range, then illustrate currently without flame.
Flare up fire output circuit 40 can be an on-off circuit, according to the voltage of the first end of the 3rd electric capacity 30 is
The no predetermined voltage range that exceedes closes or disconnects, to export different flame cues, such as, at the 3rd electric capacity 30
The voltage of the first end when exceeding predetermined voltage range, switch Guan Bi, the flame cue of output low level is with prompting
There is flame, when the voltage of the first end of the 3rd electric capacity 30 is not less than predetermined voltage range, switch off, the high electricity of output
Flat flame cue is to point out without flame.
This embodiment provide flame detection circuit, by the first electric capacity 10 first termination electric main AC, first
Second end ground connection of electric capacity 10；First termination electric main AC of the second electric capacity 20, the second end of the second electric capacity 20
Meet fire testing needle X1；First end of the 3rd electric capacity 30 and the second end of the second electric capacity 20 are connected, the 3rd electric capacity 30
Second end ground connection, when there being flame, fire testing needle X1 and ground are unidirectional by flame at the positive half cycle of electric main AC
Logical, the first electric capacity 10 and the second electric capacity 20 constitute the loop of the positive half cycle of electric main AC, and fire testing needle X1 exists with ground
The negative half period of electric main AC disconnects, and first electric capacity the 10, second electric capacity 20 and the 3rd electric capacity 30 constitute electric main
The loop of AC negative half period so that the 3rd electric capacity 30 is charged by electric main AC when there being flame, when the 3rd electric capacity
When the voltage of 30 first ends exceedes predetermined voltage range, output characterizes the cue having flame, solves in correlation technique
Flame detection circuit use the problem that the circuit cost powered of electric main AC is higher, flame detection circuit passes through three
Individual electric capacity realizes using electric main AC to power and detects whether to exist flame, and then has reached reduction flame detection circuit
The effect of the circuit cost that employing electric main AC powers.
Preferably, flare up fire output circuit can also include switching tube, the first resistance and the second resistance.Switching tube
First end of the first end and the 3rd electric capacity is connected, and the second termination high level of switching tube, the 3rd end of switching tube is fire
Flame cue.First termination high level of the first resistance, the second end of the first resistance is connected with the base stage of switching tube.
First end of the second resistance and the second end of the first resistance are connected, the second end ground connection of the second resistance.
Preferably, flare up fire output circuit can also include the 3rd resistance and the 4th electric capacity.3rd resistance is connected to
Between first end and first end of switching tube of three electric capacity.First end of the 4th electric capacity is connected with the first end of switching tube,
Second end ground connection of the 4th electric capacity.
Preferably, flare up fire output circuit can also include the 5th resistance, the 6th resistance and the 5th electric capacity.5th electricity
First end of resistance is connected with the 3rd end of switching tube, and the second end of the 5th resistance is flame cue.6th resistance
The first end be connected with the 3rd end of switching tube, the second end ground connection of the 6th resistance.First end of the 5th electric capacity and
Second end of five resistance is connected, and the second end of the 5th electric capacity and the second end of the 6th resistance are connected.
Preferably, flare up fire output circuit can also include the 7th resistance and the 6th electric capacity.First end of the 7th resistance
It is connected with the 3rd end of switching tube.First end of the 6th electric capacity and the second end of the 7th resistance are connected, the 6th electric capacity
The second end ground connection.
Preferably, switching tube can be audion or field effect transistor.The connected mode of audion can be such that audion
Base stage be connected with the first end of the 3rd electric capacity, the colelctor electrode of audion connects high level, and the transmitting of audion is the most fiery
Flame cue.The connected mode of field effect transistor can be such that the grid of field effect transistor and the first end phase of the 3rd electric capacity
Connecting, the drain electrode of field effect transistor connects high level, and the source electrode of field effect transistor is flame cue.
Preferably, flame detection circuit can also include the 8th resistance, the 9th resistance and the tenth resistance.8th resistance
First end is connected with the live wire of electric main.First end of the 9th resistance and the second end of the 8th resistance are connected, the
Second end of nine resistance is connected with the zero line of electric main.Tenth resistance is connected to the second end and the inspection fire of the second electric capacity
Between pin.
Preferably, flame detection circuit can also include the 11st resistance and diode.11st resistance is connected to second
Between second end and first end of the 3rd electric capacity of electric capacity.Diode is connected to the second end and the 3rd electric capacity of the second electric capacity
The first end between.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the flame detection circuit according to this utility model the second embodiment.This embodiment can conduct
The preferred implementation of above-mentioned first embodiment.
The flame detection circuit that this embodiment provides is as it is shown on figure 3, the first of electric capacity C1 terminates the live wire of electric main
First end of the second end and electric capacity C1 that the second of AC_L, electric capacity C1 terminates PE safely, resistance R62 is connected,
First end of resistance R63 is connected with second end of resistance R62, the zero line of the second termination electric main of resistance R63
AC_N.First end of electric capacity C62 is connected with first end of resistance R62, first end of resistance R103 and electric capacity
Second end of C62 is connected, and first end of resistance R105 is connected with second end of electric capacity C62, electric capacity C35's
First end is connected with second end of resistance R105, the second end ground connection of electric capacity C35.Second termination of resistance R103
First end of fire testing needle X1 and varistor RV5, second end of varistor RV5 and second end of electric capacity C1 and
First end of resistance R104 is connected, the second end ground connection of resistance R104.
The first termination flare up fire output circuit of electric capacity C35.The circuit connecting mode of flare up fire output circuit is as follows:
First end of resistance R107 is connected with first end of electric capacity C35, the first termination+5V voltage of resistance R109,
Second end of resistance R109 is connected with second end of resistance R107, first end of resistance R108 and resistance R107
The second end be connected, the second end ground connection of resistance R108, first end of electric capacity C63 and second end of resistance R107
It is connected, the second end ground connection of electric capacity C63.The colelctor electrode of audion Q12 connects+5V voltage, and base stage meets electric capacity C63
The first end, first end of emitter stage connecting resistance R114, first end of resistance R111 and first end of resistance R113.
Q12 can also replace with field effect transistor, and the grid of field effect transistor connects first end of electric capacity C63, and drain electrode connects+5V voltage,
First end of source electrode connecting resistance R114, first end of resistance R111 and first end of resistance R113.Resistance R114
The first end of the second termination capacitor C64, second end of the second terminating resistor R111 of electric capacity C64 and ground connection, electricity
First end of second termination capacitor C65 of resistance R113, the second end ground connection of electric capacity C65.Flame cue
MCU_FIRE_CHECK draws from second end of resistance R114, whether has flame for prompting.
In the case of there is no flame combustion, R62, C62, R105, C35, R104, C1 constitute discharge and recharge and return
Road, circulate in charging and discharging circuit electric main, and owing to charge and discharge loop is identical, C35 two ends will not accumulate
Fixing voltage, now Q12 base voltage is determined by R109, R108 electric resistance partial pressure completely.R109 Yu R108 electricity
Resistance could be arranged to the ratio of 1:2, and 5V power supply dividing potential drop on R108 is 5*2/3=3.3V, more than the conducting of Q12
Voltage 0.6V, Q12 turn on, flame cue output high level.
In the case of there is no flame combustion, if fire testing needle and the short circuit of PE safely, or, at humid environment
In the case of, there is the leakage current that electric current is the least between fire testing needle and safely PE, by R62, C62, R103, C1 structure
Becoming charging and discharging circuit, owing to charge and discharge loop is identical, C35 two ends also will not accumulate fixing voltage, this
Time Q12 base voltage completely by R109, R108 electric resistance partial pressure determine, power supply 5V dividing potential drop on R108
=5*2/3=3.3V, more than conducting voltage 0.6V of Q12, Q12 turns on, flame cue output high level.
In the case of having flame combustion, owing to flame has one-way conduction effect, when the positive half cycle of electric main,
Fire testing needle is connected with PE safely by flame, and when the negative half period of electric main, fire testing needle disconnects with PE safely.
When the positive half cycle of electric main, electric main is consisted of R62, C62, R103, detection pin, flame, C1
Loop, electric capacity C62 charges；When the negative half period of electric main, electric main by R62, C62, R105, C35,
The loop that R104, C1 are constituted, electric capacity C62 discharges, and first end of electric capacity C35 can produce a negative voltage, is handing over
Stream civil power is through multiple cycles so that when the negative voltage that first end of electric capacity C35 produces runs up to preset voltage value, meeting
Drag down the voltage of the base stage of Q12 so that the voltage of Q12 base stage conducting voltage 0.6V less than Q12, Q12 cannot
Conducting, flame cue output low level.
What the flame detection circuit that this embodiment provides produced when there being flame is negative sense level, without produce during flame is
Forward level, level difference value is at more than 5V, it is possible to effectively overcome the reason such as environment through moisture to cause leakage current etc.
Cause fire defector is produced interference, be greatly improved the capacity of resisting disturbance of fire defector, it is possible to be applied to humidity, capable and experienced
The severe working environment such as disturbing, anti-dry electromagnetic interference capability is very strong, and Appropriate application electric main be AC signal this
One feature, directly uses the AC signal signal source as flame detection circuit of electric main, is substantially reduced circuit
This.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the flame detection circuit according to this utility model the 3rd embodiment.This embodiment and this practicality
The difference of the flame detection circuit that novel second embodiment provides is to replace with resistance R105 diode D1, two poles
The negative electrode of pipe D1 is connected with second end of electric capacity C62, second end of diode D1 and first end of electric capacity C35
It is connected, the circuit connecting mode of the other parts of the flame detection circuit that this embodiment provides and this utility model second
The flame detection circuit that embodiment provides is identical, the flame inspection that operation principle also provides with this utility model the second embodiment
The operation principle of slowdown monitoring circuit is identical, does not repeats them here.
Embodiment of the present utility model additionally provides a kind of flame ignition testing circuit.It should be noted that this practicality is new
The flame ignition testing circuit that the embodiment of type provides includes the flame detection circuit that this utility model embodiment provides.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the flame ignition testing circuit according to this utility model first embodiment.As it is shown in figure 5,
This flame ignition testing circuit includes flame detection circuit 100, pressure cell 50 and firing circuit 200, fire defector
Circuit 100 includes the first electric capacity 10, the second electric capacity 20, the 3rd electric capacity 30 and flare up fire output circuit 40.
The flame detection circuit phase that the connected mode of flame detection circuit 100 can provide with this utility model embodiment
With, do not repeat them here.
Flame ignition testing circuit 200 also includes that pressure cell 50, pressure cell 50 are connected to the of the first electric capacity 10
Between second end of two ends and the second electric capacity 20, for the according to the second end of the first electric capacity 10 and the second electric capacity 20
Whether the magnitude of voltage between two ends exceedes preset voltage value controls the second end of the first electric capacity 10 and the of the second electric capacity 20
Two ends are turned on or off.Pressure cell 50 can be a varistor, and the voltage at varistor is higher than predeterminated voltage
During value, the circuit at conducting varistor two ends.
Firing circuit 200 connects electric main, is used for performing igniting, and wherein, firing circuit 200 is for two igniting
Between needle interface, generation high-tension electricity is with igniting, and two ignition electrode interfaces are used for connecting ignition electrode, and two ignition electrode interfaces can
To connect an ignition electrode respectively, use crosspointer firing circuit 200, it is also possible to only by one of two ignition electrode interfaces even
Connect an ignition electrode, use single needle firing circuit 200.
The flame ignition testing circuit that this embodiment provides, by the fire defector using this utility model embodiment to provide
Electric circuit inspection flame, solves the circuit cost that the flame detection circuit in correlation technique uses electric main AC to power
Higher problem, flame detection circuit realizes using electric main AC to power by three electric capacity and detects whether to there is fire
Flame, and then reached to reduce the effect of the circuit cost that flame detection circuit uses electric main AC to power.
Alternatively, firing circuit 200 can be crosspointer firing circuit or single needle firing circuit.
The connected mode of crosspointer firing circuit is that two ignition electrodes are connected with two ignition electrode interfaces respectively.
Two ignition electrode interfaces include the first ignition electrode interface and the second igniting needle interface, the connection side of single needle firing circuit
Formula is ignition electrode and the first ignition electrode interface is connected, and the second end of the second igniting needle interface and the second electric capacity is connected.
The circuit structure of firing circuit 200 can include ignition control switch circuit and oscillation step-up circuit, put fire control
On-off circuit processed is used for receiving ignition signal and connects with electric main according to ignition signal control point ignition circuit or disconnect；
Oscillation step-up circuit includes two ignition electrode interfaces, for producing pulsed high-voltage between two ignition electrode interfaces to hold
Horizontal pulse is lighted a fire.
Firing circuit 200 is on the basis of above-mentioned connected mode, it is also possible to include elements below: diode, diode
Anode connect the live wire of electric main；First resistance, the first end of the first resistance is connected with the negative electrode of diode；The
Two resistance, the first end of the second resistance and the second end of the first resistance are connected, wherein, and the resistance of the second resistance and the
The ratio of the resistance of one resistance exceedes preset value, and the first end of the second resistance is also connected with the first end of oscillation step-up circuit,
Second end of the second resistance is connected with the second end of oscillation step-up circuit；3rd resistance, the first end of the 3rd resistance with
Second end of the second resistance is connected, and wherein, the resistance of the second resistance exceedes preset value with the ratio of the resistance of the 3rd resistance,
The zero line of the second termination electric main of the 3rd resistance, wherein, ignition control switch is electrically connected to the fire of electric main
Between line and the second end of the first resistance, or, it is connected between the zero line of electric main and the first end of the second resistance.
Oscillation step-up circuit can include high pressure diac, the 4th electric capacity and booster.High pressure diac
First end of the first end and the second resistance is connected, the second end of high pressure diac and the second end phase of the second resistance
Connect；First end of the 4th electric capacity and the first end of the second resistance are connected；First end of booster and the 4th electric capacity
Second end is connected, and the second end of booster and the second end of the second resistance are connected, the 3rd end of booster and the 4th
End is two ignition electrode interfaces.
Ignition control switch circuit can include the 4th resistance, the 5th resistance, optocoupler light emitting diode and switching tube.The
First end of four resistance is used for receiving ignition signal；First termination high level of the 5th resistance；Optocoupler light emitting diode
First end is as the first end of ignition control switch circuit, and the second end of optocoupler light emitting diode is as ignition control switch
Second end of circuit, the 3rd end of optocoupler light emitting diode and the second end of the 5th resistance are connected；The first of switching tube
End is connected with the second end of the 4th resistance, and the second end of switching tube is connected with the 4th end of optocoupler light emitting diode,
3rd end ground connection of switching tube.Switching tube can be audion or field effect transistor.Optocoupler light emitting diode can also be with continuing
Electrical equipment replaces.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the flame ignition testing circuit according to this utility model the second embodiment.As shown in Figure 6,
The connected mode of the flame ignition testing circuit that this embodiment provides is as follows:
Flame detection circuit is identical, at this not with the connected mode of the flame detection circuit of this utility model the second embodiment
Repeat again.
Firing circuit includes ignition control switch circuit, and the circuit connecting mode of ignition control switch circuit is as follows:
The of the zero line AC_N, optocoupler light emitting diode U9 of the first termination electric main of optocoupler light emitting diode U9
Second termination+5V the voltage of two terminating resistor R61, resistance R61, the 3rd termination three of optocoupler light emitting diode U9
The colelctor electrode of pole pipe Q10, the grounded emitter of audion Q10, the of the base stage connecting resistance R35 of audion Q10
One end, second end of resistance R35 is used for receiving ignition signal MCU_FIRE.
Firing circuit also includes:
Diode D16, anode meets the live wire AC_L of electric main, first end of negative electrode connecting resistance R24, resistance R24
First end of the second terminating resistor R59, first end of the second terminating resistor R57 of resistance R59, resistance R57
The 4th end of optocoupler light emitting diode U9 of the second termination IGNITION CONTROL on-off circuit.
Firing circuit also includes oscillation step-up circuit, and the circuit connecting mode of oscillation step-up circuit is as follows:
First end of the first terminating resistor R59 of high pressure diac D23, the of high pressure diac D23
Second end of two terminating resistor R59, first end of the first terminated high voltage diac D23 of electric capacity C36, electric capacity
First end of the second end booster T1 of C36, the second of the second terminated high voltage diac D23 of booster T1
End, the 4th termination igniting needle interface X4 of the 3rd termination igniting the needle interface X3, booster T1 of booster T1.
During the ignition signal of the second end input high level of resistance R35, Q10 turns on, and optocoupler U9 light emitting diode is led
Logical, firing circuit is started working, and during the ignition signal of the second end input low level of resistance R35, Q10 ends, U9
Disconnecting, firing circuit quits work.
R24, R57 in firing circuit can select the resistance of about 5K, and R59 can select the electricity of about 500K
Resistance, in the case of U9 turns on, owing to R59 resistance is much larger than R24, R57, the electric current of electric main is main
Flowing through R24, C36, T1, R57, electric capacity C36 charges, and triggers when the voltage at electric current C36 two ends is increased to high pressure
During the trigger voltage of diode D23, D23 turns on, the loop repid discharge that C36 is consisted of C36, D23, T1,
The boost in voltage that C36 is discharged by T1, can produce the high pressure of 15～18KV between outfan X3, X4 of T1, hit
Wear atmospherical discharges with igniting, when C36 discharge until the voltage at high pressure diac D23 two ends is reduced to D23's
When turning off voltage, D23 turns off, and C36 starts again at charging, so circulates, until ignition control switch circuit turns off
U9 quits work with control point ignition circuit.
In the flame ignition testing circuit that this embodiment provides, firing circuit can work with flame detection circuit simultaneously.
Flame detection circuit can directly use electric main, it is not necessary to unidirectional current is converted to characteristic frequency by special modulation circuit
Alternating current, reduce circuit cost, also simplify circuit, the reliability simultaneously making circuit is higher.
This embodiment provide flame ignition testing circuit in, firing circuit can be crosspointer igniting can also be single needle point
Fire.Crosspointer firing circuit have only to two ignition electrode interface X3 in two ignition electrodes respectively junction point ignition circuits and
X4。
The implementation of single needle firing circuit is as follows: by ignition electrode interface X3 connect ignition electrode, ignition electrode interface X4 with
The interface of fire testing needle X1 uses wire to connect, and the interface of fire testing needle X1 is second end of resistance R103, that is, point
Fire needle interface X4 is not connected to ignition electrode, and the interface of fire testing needle X1 is not connected to fire testing needle X1.
During the ignition signal of the second end input high level of resistance R35, T1 outfan X3, X4 produce high pressure, pass through
The interface of X4 with X1 is connected so that varistor RV5 turns on the first end and the second end of self, by T1,
The interface of X4, X1, RV5, safely PE, X3 constitute discharge loop, the ignition electrode that ignition electrode interface X3 connects
Discharge over the ground.
Flame detection circuit in the case of there is no flame combustion, the charging and discharging circuit of C1, C62, C35 and crosspointer point
Scheme during ignition circuit is identical.In the case of having flame combustion, during the positive half cycle of electric main, electric main
Constituted by the flame on the ignition electrode of R62, C62, R103, X4, T1, X3, X3 connection, ignition electrode and C1
Loop, electric capacity C62 charge；During the negative half period of electric main, owing to flame has the unidirectional general character, electric current can only
The loop consisted of R62, C62, R105, C35, R104 and C1, electric capacity C62 discharges, electric capacity C35's
First end can accumulate negative voltage, drags down the voltage of Q12 base stage, when the negative voltage of the first end accumulation of electric capacity C35 exceedes
During predetermined voltage range, the voltage of Q12 base stage is less than conducting voltage 0.6V, and Q12 is not turned on, and flame cue is defeated
Go out low level and currently have flame combustion with prompting.
The flame ignition testing circuit that this embodiment provides can carry out lighting a fire simultaneously and examine fire, it is achieved detect flame constantly；
Same circuit both can realize single needle igniting, it is also possible to realizes crosspointer igniting, it is not necessary to change circuit can realize single needle point
Fire switches with the mutual of crosspointer igniting, highly versatile；By ignition electrode interface X4 and fire testing needle X1 when using single needle to light a fire
Interface use wire to connect, connect an ignition electrode and fire testing needle less, the quantity of pin is reduced to one by three, fall
Low circuit cost；And firing circuit and flame detection circuit can directly connect AC mains signal, it is not necessary to special friendship
Stream signal modulation circuit, circuit is simple, with low cost, and reliability is high.
Alternatively, in the flame ignition testing circuit that this embodiment provides, can do and change as follows:
1. optocoupler light emitting diode U9 is replaced with relay, it is preferable that Explosion-Proof Relay selected by relay；
2. by D23, C36 transposition；
3. resistance R105 is replaced with diode D1；
4. audion Q12 is replaced with field effect transistor.
Above four kinds of changes can independently use in the flame ignition testing circuit that this embodiment provides, it is also possible to multiple
Change is combined in the flame ignition testing circuit that this embodiment provides together.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the flame ignition testing circuit according to this utility model the 3rd embodiment.As it is shown in fig. 7,
The flame ignition testing circuit that this embodiment provides is compared with the flame ignition testing circuit of this utility model the second embodiment
Difference is: optocoupler light emitting diode U9 is replaced with relay, it is preferable that Explosion-Proof Relay selected by relay,
Prevent spark；The position of exchange D23 and C36, first end of D23 is connected with first end of resistance R59,
First end of the second termination booster T1 of D23, first end of the first terminating resistor R59 of electric capacity C36, electric capacity
The second of C36 connects second end of booster T1；Resistance R105 in flame detection circuit is replaced with diode
D1, the negative electrode of diode D1 connects second end of electric capacity C62, and the anode of diode D1 connects first end of electric capacity C35.
The circuit side connector of the flame ignition testing circuit of the circuit connecting mode of other parts and this utility model the second embodiment
Formula is identical, does not repeats them here.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, be not limited to this utility model, for this
For the technical staff in field, this utility model can have various modifications and variations.All in spirit of the present utility model and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. made, should be included in protection domain of the present utility model
Within.
Claims (16)
1. a flame detection circuit, it is characterised in that including:
First electric capacity, the first termination electric main of described first electric capacity, the second end ground connection of described first electric capacity；
Second electric capacity, the first described electric main of termination of described second electric capacity, the second end of described second electric capacity
Connecing fire testing needle, wherein, described fire testing needle is used for detecting flame；
3rd electric capacity, the first end of described 3rd electric capacity is connected with the second end of described second electric capacity, and described
Second end ground connection of three electric capacity；And
Flare up fire output circuit, the first end of described flare up fire output circuit and the first of described 3rd electric capacity
End is connected, and whether the voltage for the first end according to described 3rd electric capacity exceedes predetermined voltage range output fire
Flame cue.
Flame detection circuit the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described flare up fire output circuit includes:
Switching tube, the first end of described switching tube is connected with the first end of described 3rd electric capacity, described switching tube
Second termination high level, the 3rd end of described switching tube is described flame cue；
First resistance, the first termination high level of described first resistance, the second end of described first resistance is with described
The base stage of switching tube is connected；And
Second resistance, the first end of described second resistance is connected with the second end of described first resistance, and described
Second end ground connection of two resistance.
Flame detection circuit the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described flare up fire output circuit also wraps
Include:
3rd resistance, is connected between the first end and first end of described switching tube of described 3rd electric capacity；And
4th electric capacity, described first end of the 4th electric capacity is connected with the first end of described switching tube, and the described 4th
Second end ground connection of electric capacity.
Flame detection circuit the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described flare up fire output circuit also wraps
Include:
5th resistance, described first end of the 5th resistance is connected with the 3rd end of described switching tube, and the described 5th
Second end of resistance is described flame cue；
6th resistance, described first end of the 6th resistance is connected with the 3rd end of described switching tube, and the described 6th
Second end ground connection of resistance；And
5th electric capacity, the first end of described 5th electric capacity is connected with the second end of described 5th resistance, and described
Second end of five electric capacity is connected with the second end of described 6th resistance.
Flame detection circuit the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described flare up fire output circuit also wraps
Include:
7th resistance, described first end of the 7th resistance is connected with the 3rd end of described switching tube；And
6th electric capacity, the first end of described 6th electric capacity is connected with the second end of described 7th resistance, and described
Second end ground connection of six electric capacity.
Flame detection circuit the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described switching tube is audion, described
The base stage of audion is connected with the first end of described 3rd electric capacity, and the colelctor electrode of described audion connects high level,
The transmitting the most described flame cue of described audion, or, described switching tube is field effect transistor, described
The grid of field effect transistor is connected with the first end of described 3rd electric capacity, and the drain electrode of described field effect transistor connects high level,
The source electrode of described field effect transistor is described flame cue.
Flame detection circuit the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described flame detection circuit also includes:
8th resistance, described first end of the 8th resistance is connected with the live wire of described electric main；
9th resistance, the first end of described 9th resistance is connected with the second end of described 8th resistance, and described
Second end of nine resistance is connected with the zero line of described electric main；And
Tenth resistance, is connected between the second end and the described fire testing needle of described second electric capacity.
Flame detection circuit the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described flame detection circuit also includes:
11st resistance, is connected between the second end of described second electric capacity and the first end of described 3rd electric capacity；
Or
Diode, is connected between the second end of described second electric capacity and the first end of described 3rd electric capacity.
Flame detection circuit the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described first electric capacity is safety electric capacity.
10. a flame ignition testing circuit, it is characterised in that including:
Flame detection circuit, wherein, described flame detection circuit includes: the first electric capacity, described first electric capacity
First termination electric main, the second end ground connection of described first electric capacity；Second electric capacity, the of described second electric capacity
One terminates described electric main, and the second termination fire testing needle of described second electric capacity, wherein, described fire testing needle is used for
Detection flame；3rd electric capacity, the first end of described 3rd electric capacity is connected with the second end of described second electric capacity,
Second end ground connection of described 3rd electric capacity；Flare up fire output circuit, the first of described flare up fire output circuit
End is connected with the first end of described 3rd electric capacity, whether is used for the voltage according to the first end of described 3rd electric capacity
Exceed predetermined voltage range output flame cue,
Pressure cell, is connected between the second end of described first electric capacity and the second end of described second electric capacity, uses
Whether the magnitude of voltage between the second end of the second end according to described first electric capacity and described second electric capacity exceedes pre-
If the second end of the second end and described second electric capacity that magnitude of voltage controls described first electric capacity is turned on or off；And
Firing circuit, described firing circuit connects electric main, is used for performing igniting, wherein, described firing circuit
It is used for junction point with igniting, said two ignition electrode interface for producing high-tension electricity between two ignition electrode interfaces
Fire pin.
11. flame ignition testing circuits according to claim 10, it is characterised in that described firing circuit is crosspointer point
Ignition circuit, two ignition electrodes are connected with said two ignition electrode interface respectively.
12. flame ignition testing circuits according to claim 10, it is characterised in that described firing circuit is single needle point
Ignition circuit, said two ignition electrode interface includes the first ignition electrode interface and the second igniting needle interface, described igniting
Pin is connected with described first ignition electrode interface, described second igniting needle interface and the second end of described second electric capacity
It is connected.
13. flame ignition testing circuits according to claim 10, it is characterised in that described firing circuit includes:
Ignition control switch circuit, is used for receiving ignition signal and controlling described ignition power according to described ignition signal
Road connects with described electric main or disconnects；And
Oscillation step-up circuit, including said two ignition electrode interface, between said two ignition electrode interface
Produce pulsed high-voltage to perform pulse firing.
14. flame ignition testing circuits according to claim 13, it is characterised in that described firing circuit also includes:
Diode, the anode of described diode connects the live wire of described electric main；
First resistance, the first end of described first resistance is connected with the negative electrode of described diode；
Second resistance, the first end of described second resistance is connected with the second end of described first resistance, wherein,
The resistance of described second resistance exceedes preset value with the ratio of the resistance of described first resistance, the of described second resistance
One end is also connected with the first end of described oscillation step-up circuit, the second end of described second resistance and described vibration
Second end of booster circuit is connected；
3rd resistance, the first end of described 3rd resistance is connected with the second end of described second resistance, wherein,
The resistance of described second resistance exceedes described preset value, described 3rd resistance with the ratio of the resistance of described 3rd resistance
Second termination described electric main zero line,
Wherein, described ignition control switch is electrically connected to the live wire of described electric main and described first resistance
Between second end, or, it is connected between the zero line of described electric main and the first end of described second resistance.
15. flame ignition testing circuits according to claim 14, it is characterised in that described oscillation step-up circuit includes:
High pressure diac, the first end phase of the first end of described high pressure diac and described second resistance
Connecting, the second end of described high pressure diac is connected with the second end of described second resistance；
4th electric capacity, the first end of described 4th electric capacity is connected with the first end of described second resistance；
Booster, the first end of described booster is connected with the second end of described 4th electric capacity, described booster
The second end be connected with the second end of described second resistance, the 3rd end of described booster and the 4th end are described
Two ignition electrode interfaces.
16. flame ignition testing circuits according to claim 14, it is characterised in that described ignition control switch circuit
Including:
4th resistance, the first end of described 4th resistance is used for receiving described ignition signal；
5th resistance, the first termination high level of described 5th resistance；
Optocoupler light emitting diode, the first end of described optocoupler light emitting diode is as described ignition control switch circuit
The first end, the second end of described optocoupler light emitting diode as the second end of described ignition control switch circuit,
3rd end of described optocoupler light emitting diode is connected with the second end of described 5th resistance；And
Switching tube, the first end of described switching tube is connected with the second end of described 4th resistance, described switching tube
The second end be connected with the 4th end of described optocoupler light emitting diode, the 3rd end ground connection of described switching tube.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620500533.0U CN205786805U (en) | 2016-05-26 | 2016-05-26 | Flame detection circuit and flame ignition detection circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620500533.0U CN205786805U (en) | 2016-05-26 | 2016-05-26 | Flame detection circuit and flame ignition detection circuit |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN205786805U true CN205786805U (en) | 2016-12-07 |
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ID=57408745
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620500533.0U Withdrawn - After Issue CN205786805U (en) | 2016-05-26 | 2016-05-26 | Flame detection circuit and flame ignition detection circuit |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN205786805U (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105891581A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2016-08-24 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Flame detection circuit and flame ignition detection circuit |
| CN107991713A (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2018-05-04 | 成都前锋电子有限责任公司 | A kind of flame induction system for being used for gas instantaneous water heater and wall-hung boiler |
| CN109780570A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-21 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Ignition fire detection circuit based on BOOST principle and gas wall-mounted furnace |
| CN109780569A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-21 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Pulse ignition circuit and gas hanging stove based on Buck principle |
-
2016
- 2016-05-26 CN CN201620500533.0U patent/CN205786805U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105891581A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2016-08-24 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Flame detection circuit and flame ignition detection circuit |
| CN105891581B (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2019-04-05 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Flame detection circuit and flame ignition detection circuit |
| CN107991713A (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2018-05-04 | 成都前锋电子有限责任公司 | A kind of flame induction system for being used for gas instantaneous water heater and wall-hung boiler |
| CN107991713B (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2023-11-28 | 成都前锋电子有限责任公司 | Flame induction system for gas quick water heater and wall-mounted furnace |
| CN109780570A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-21 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Ignition fire detection circuit based on BOOST principle and gas wall-mounted furnace |
| CN109780569A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-21 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Pulse ignition circuit and gas hanging stove based on Buck principle |
| CN109780569B (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2020-06-26 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Pulse ignition circuit and gas hanging stove based on Buck principle |
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| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20161207 Effective date of abandoning: 20190405 |
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