CN205785070U - A kind of two-dimensional displacement measurer based on laser alignment principle - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of two-dimensional displacement measurer based on laser alignment principle, including optical reference module, displacement measurement module, described optical reference module is fixed on datum level, and institute's displacement measurement module is installed on measured object.Described optical reference module includes regulating bearing and laser generator fixed thereon, institute's displacement measurement module is two-dimension displacement measuring box, including light diffusing sheet, photo-transistor arrays, scanning circuit, AD Acquisition Circuit, MCU processor and 4G mixed-media network modules mixed-media, described light diffusing sheet is placed in photo-transistor arrays front, described photo-transistor arrays, scanning circuit, AD Acquisition Circuit, MCU processor, 4G mixed-media network modules mixed-media is sequentially connected with, two-dimension displacement measuring box volume of the present utility model is little, it is easy to in-site installation and maintenance, it is easy to long term monitoring, it is suitable for round-the-clock, in real time, automatically monitoring.

Description

A kind of two-dimensional displacement measurer based on laser alignment principle

Technical field

This utility model relates to a kind of laser two-dimensional displacement measuring device.

Background technology

Along with the enhancing day by day of china's overall national strength, transportation quickly grows, and all kinds of bridge culverts and tunnel etc. are big Type infrastructure importance in railway and highway communication engineering becomes increasingly conspicuous, and its safety detection is essential.The position of bridge Shifting can directly reflect the construction quality of structure, bearing capacity and health status.Along with the carrying out of bridge health monitoring research work, Occur in that many for displacement and the method for deflection metrology with instrument.At present in Bridge Long Period Health Monitoring technology, based on light The bridge deflection measurement technology of electrometric method has obtained method faster.Photovoltaic measurement mainly has two big classes: become based on photoelectricity As principle with based on laser alignment principle.

The former is to be fixed on by light target on bridge floor or other measured points, fixes photoelectronic imaging dress at bridge pier or ground Putting, light target is by the lens imaging on light-sensitive detector on photo electric imaging system, and wherein light-sensitive detector typically uses face Battle array CCD or CMOS.When light target produces displacement along with measured point, the picture point that light target is marked on light-sensitive detector can produce into The relative displacement of ratio.The displacement that enlargement ratio is i.e. measured point is multiplied by picture point displacement on light-sensitive detector.

The latter is to be fixed on by laser generator on bridge floor or other measured points, fixes hot spot at bridge pier or ground and connects Receiving apparatus, laser facula is the most vertically beaten on hot spot receiving screen.When measured point produces displacement, laser generator and measured point Produce synchronous shift, and the displacement of measured point is identical with hot spot displacement on hot spot receiving screen.

For photoelectric measuring device based on photoelectronic imaging principle, actual when measuring it is to be appreciated that accurately object distance just can know The displacement of road picture point and the precise relation of measured point displacement.This quasi-instrument is usually transformation, volume on the basis of theodolite Greatly, it is impossible to leave people and carry out long-term monitoring automatically.If carrying out bridge deflection measurement in the bridge operation phase, often also need to interim Road closure.

For photoelectric measuring device based on laser alignment principle, during actual measurement, eliminate the impact of lens.Work as device When using line array CCD identification facula position, one dimension displacement can only be measured, it is impossible to carry out two-dimension displacement measurement；Know when using image During other facula position, its response frequency, typically in 25Hz, is insufficient for bridge dynamic deflection monitoring.

The above shortcoming all constrains deflection of bridge span instrument answering in round-the-clock, real-time, automatic Bridges dynamic deflection are monitored With.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to improve current photovoltaic measurement, in conjunction with the advantage of existing highway bridge deflection check-up device, Design a kind of two-dimensional displacement measurer based on laser alignment principle, it is achieved the position of monitoring bridge round-the-clock, real-time, automatic Move.

In order to achieve the above object, this utility model provides a kind of two-dimension displacement based on laser alignment principle and measures dress Putting, including optical reference module, displacement measurement module, described optical reference module is fixed on datum level, institute's displacement measurement Module is installed on measured object, and described optical reference module includes regulating bearing and laser generator fixed thereon, described Displacement measurement module is two-dimension displacement measuring box, including light diffusing sheet, photo-transistor arrays, scanning circuit, AD Acquisition Circuit, MCU processor and 4G mixed-media network modules mixed-media, described light diffusing sheet is placed in photo-transistor arrays front, described photo-transistor arrays, Scanning circuit, AD Acquisition Circuit, MCU processor, 4G mixed-media network modules mixed-media are sequentially connected with.

Described two-dimensional displacement measurer also includes engineering monitoring machine, and described two-dimension displacement measuring box passes through 4G network mould It is connected by wireless network between block with engineering monitoring machine.Described engineering monitoring machine can be fixed or mobile data terminal.

This utility model make use of that laser monochromaticity is good, coherence is good, good directionality and the high characteristic of brightness, it is ensured that when When measured object produces change in displacement, laser projections spot displacement on photo-transistor arrays changes and measured object change in displacement Equal.

Meanwhile, different from existing deflection of bridge span instrument based on photovoltaic measurement, described measurement apparatus uses photoelectric crystal Pipe array is as light sensor.When laser facula beats the gap between phototransistor, photo-transistor arrays does not has electricity Signal produces, and therefore uses light diffusing sheet to expand spot size, makes hot spot at least cover two phototransistors.

When laser is after light diffusing sheet amplifies, and the light intensity of hot spot is normal distribution along radial direction.Different light intensity Light is beaten and can be produced the voltage being directly proportional on phototransistor, calculates the position of spot center according to the size of voltage.Therefore, When the dot projection of laser is on photo-transistor arrays, the phototransistor receiving laser produces voltage signal, passes through This voltage signal is passed to MCU processor, after current intensity is analyzed by MCU processor by scanning circuit and AD Acquisition Circuit Output of laser hot spot coordinate on photo-transistor arrays.

The advantage of this device is as follows:

1, existing deflection of bridge span instrument based on photoelectronic imaging principle uses CCD face battle array as light sensor, is usually Transforming on the basis of theodolite and form, volume is relatively big, uses trouble, when measuring bridge dynamic deflection, generally require road occupying or Person closes a road to traffic.After this device uses photo-transistor arrays as light sensor, it is the least that volume becomes, and is suitable for surveying two-dimension displacement Amount box is fixed on measured object, and does long term monitoring；

2, this utility model is in reality is measured, and sample frequency can reach 100Hz, enough meets bridge dynamic deflection Monitoring, can completely detect the vibration processes of bridge；

3, existing deflection of bridge span instrument based on photovoltaic measurement is required for using computer to do data process, then in the wild During operation, the flying power of computer will limit the range of such deflection of bridge span instrument significantly.The photoelectricity that this utility model uses The transistor density of transistor array is little, and data process simple, therefore in two-dimension displacement measuring box at the MCU of built-in low-power consumption Reason device, can realize round-the-clock monitoring；

4, the area of photo-transistor arrays can arbitrarily extend, and therefore the range of this device can also be along with photoelectric crystal The area of pipe array arbitrarily extends, and does not interferes with precision；

When 5, monitoring in view of bridge displacement, mounting condition has the biggest uncertainty, particularly field work, therefore originally Utility model uses 4G mixed-media network modules mixed-media to transfer data to high in the clouds, and monitoring personnel can pass through mobile phone, computer, flat board etc. from high in the clouds Carry Monitoring Data, accomplish remote monitoring in real time with this, save manpower.

Accompanying drawing explanation

The schematic diagram of the Two-dimensional Position shift measurement system based on laser alignment principle that Fig. 1 provides for this utility model.

Fig. 2 is two-dimension displacement measuring box internal structure schematic diagram.

Fig. 3 is hot spot schematic diagram on photo-transistor arrays.

Fig. 4 is light intensity changes in coordinates schematic diagram on laser facula.

In figure: 1, optical reference module；2, laser generator；3, regulation bearing；4, two-dimension displacement measuring box；5, light diffusion Plate；6, engineering monitoring machine；7, measured object；8, photo-transistor arrays；9, scanning circuit；10, AD Acquisition Circuit；11, MCU process Device；12,4G mixed-media network modules mixed-media.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings this utility model is described further.

As it can be seen, a kind of two-dimensional displacement measurer based on laser alignment principle, including optical reference module 1, position Shift measurement module, described optical reference module 1 is fixed on datum level.Institute's displacement measurement module is installed on measured object 7, institute Stating optical reference module 1 to include regulating bearing 2 and laser generator 2 fixed thereon, institute's displacement measurement module is two dimension Displacement measurement box, including light diffusing sheet 5, photo-transistor arrays 8, scanning circuit 9, AD Acquisition Circuit 10, MCU processor 11 and 4G mixed-media network modules mixed-media 12.Described light diffusing sheet 5 is placed in photo-transistor arrays 8 front, described photo-transistor arrays 8, scanning electricity Road 9, AD Acquisition Circuit 10, MCU processor 11,4G mixed-media network modules mixed-media 12 are sequentially connected with.

Described two-dimensional displacement measurer also includes engineering monitoring machine 6, and described two-dimension displacement measuring box passes through 4G network It is connected by wireless network between module 12 with engineering monitoring machine 6.Described engineering monitoring machine 6 can be fixed or movable data Terminal.

Operation principle of the present utility model is: is fixed on datum level by laser generator 2 with regulation bearing 3, and adjusts Launch the angle of laser, two-dimension displacement measuring box 4 is arranged on measured object 7；The laser vertical that described laser generator 2 is launched Beat on described light diffusing sheet 5；After light diffusing sheet 5 described in laser penetration, hot spot expands, and vertically beats at described phototransistor On array 8；Described photo-transistor arrays 8 converts optical signal into the signal of telecommunication, and the signal of telecommunication gathers electricity by scanning circuit 9 and AD Road 10 is transferred to MCU processor 11 after processing, and described MCU processor 11 calculates hot spot coordinate by the signal of telecommunication, this light Speckle coordinate deducts initial value, i.e. can get the displacement of measured object；Information after described 4G mixed-media network modules mixed-media 12 will process is transferred to mutually Networking high in the clouds, Monitoring Data downloaded by described engineering monitoring machine 6 from high in the clouds, the Internet.

This measurement apparatus calculates spot center and sits calibration method, is exemplified below: the dash area of Fig. 3 is that laser passes The region on photo-transistor arrays 8, (x is beaten after light diffusing sheet₀, y₀) it is the center point coordinate of hot spot, (x₁, y₁)、(x₂, y₁), (x₁, y₂) and (x₂, y₂) it is the coordinate of four phototransistor units that laser facula is covered, four phototransistors Gain coefficient is g respectively₁、g₂、g₃、g₄, the voltage of generation is respectively v₁、v₂、v₃、v₄。

After laser passes light diffusing sheet, light intensity I is with distance x-x from spot center₀Present and be distributed the most very much, such as Fig. 4 institute Show, i.e.

$I\left(x\right)=\frac{I_0}{\sqrt{2{\mathrm{\π\σ}}_0^2}}{e}^{-\frac{{(x-x_0)}^2}{2{\mathrm{\σ}}_0^2}}$

$I\left(y\right)=\frac{I_0}{\sqrt{2{\mathrm{\π\σ}}_0}}{e}^{-\frac{{(y-y_0)}^2}{2{\mathrm{\σ}}_0^2}}$

Wherein: I₀For laser through the light intensity before light diffusing sheet

σ₀For hot spot by the variance of light intensity after light diffusing sheet.

When light is beaten after phototransistor, the voltage that phototransistor produces is directly proportional to light intensity, i.e. V=kI, k

For proportionality coefficient.So spot center coordinate is,

$x_0=Aln\left(\frac{v_2}{v_1}\right)+B$

Wherein:

$B=A\[ln\left(\frac{g_1}{g_2}\right)+\mathrm{\γ}(x_2^2-x_1^2)\]$

$\mathrm{\γ}=\frac{1}{2{\mathrm{\σ}}_0^2}$

$y_0=A^{\′}ln\left(\frac{v_3}{v_1}\right)+B^{\′}$

Wherein:

$B^{\′}=A^{\′}\[ln\left(\frac{g_1}{g_3}\right)+\mathrm{\γ}(y_2^2-y_1^2)\]$

Although preferred embodiment of the present utility model being described above in conjunction with accompanying drawing, but this utility model not office Being limited to above-mentioned detailed description of the invention, above-mentioned detailed description of the invention is only schematically, is not circumscribed, this area Those of ordinary skill under enlightenment of the present utility model, without departing from this utility model objective and claimed model In the case of enclosing, it is also possible to make a lot of form, within these belong to protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims (3)

1. a two-dimensional displacement measurer based on laser alignment principle, including optical reference module, displacement measurement module, institute Stating optical reference module to be fixed on datum level, institute's displacement measurement module is installed on measured object, it is characterised in that described light Learning base modules to include regulating bearing and laser generator fixed thereon, institute's displacement measurement module is that two-dimension displacement is measured Box, including light diffusing sheet, photo-transistor arrays, scanning circuit, AD Acquisition Circuit, MCU processor and 4G mixed-media network modules mixed-media, described Light diffusing sheet is placed in photo-transistor arrays front, described photo-transistor arrays, scanning circuit, AD Acquisition Circuit, MCU process Device, 4G mixed-media network modules mixed-media are sequentially connected with.

Two-dimensional displacement measurer based on laser alignment principle the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described Two-dimensional displacement measurer also includes engineering monitoring machine, and described two-dimension displacement measuring box is by 4G mixed-media network modules mixed-media and engineering monitoring machine Between connected by wireless network.

Two-dimensional displacement measurer based on laser alignment principle the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described work Journey monitoring machine is fixed or mobile data terminal.