CN205650176U - Heterogeneous atomizing nozzle of fixed bed - Google Patents
Heterogeneous atomizing nozzle of fixed bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN205650176U CN205650176U CN201620214063.1U CN201620214063U CN205650176U CN 205650176 U CN205650176 U CN 205650176U CN 201620214063 U CN201620214063 U CN 201620214063U CN 205650176 U CN205650176 U CN 205650176U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a heterogeneous atomizing nozzle of fixed bed, include swirler, inner nozzle and the outer nozzle of coaxial setting in proper order, the swirler head is provided with a plurality of first whirl grooves, the swirler outer wall limits out a liquid phase passageway with the inner nozzle inner wall, the inner nozzle head is provided with the liquid phase orifice, the liquid phase passageway is linked together through first whirl groove and liquid phase orifice, is the area of outer nozzle head terminal surface the inner nozzle maximum cross section cross -sectional area's of department 1.5 5 doubly, outer nozzle's head terminal surface middle part is equipped with the fixed orifices, inner nozzle's outer wall limits out a gaseous phase passageway with outer nozzle's inner wall, surrounding the fixed orifices on outer nozzle's the head terminal surface and being provided with a plurality of whirl holes, the gaseous phase passageway is linked together with the whirl hole, on outer nozzle's head terminal surface, encircle the fixed orifices in the outside in whirl hole and still be provided with a plurality of gaseous phase orifices, a plurality of gaseous phase orifices are linked together with the gaseous phase passageway. The utility model discloses an atomizing nozzle, the atomizing angle all has great improvement with the atomizing diameter, and atomization effect is better, and the atomizing scope is bigger.
Description
Technical field
This utility model belongs to fixed bed field, particularly to a kind of heterogeneous atomizer of fixed bed.
Background technology
Propylene is important basic organic material, mainly for the production of derivative chemicals such as polypropylene, acrylonitrile, oxirane, acrylic acid.For a long time, propylene is mainly derived from oil plant catalytic cracking and hydrocarbon vapours cracking etc., and in the face of the energy general layout of the few oil of the many coals of China, propylene derived product coal low for added value being converted into added value higher have important practical significance.Preparing propylene from methanol (Methanol to Propylene, MTP) technique is a kind of with coal-based methanol as raw material, reacts on ZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst, produces the technique with propylene as target product.
But, in MTP reactor running, catalyst service life and propene yield are also affected by cold-hot reactant distribution in reactor outside the Pass having except the physicochemical properties with catalyst.MTP reactor uses the multistage chilling-type fixed bed that LURGI of Germany provides, and its cold-hot reactant is realized distribution through distributor by atomizer.Wherein the atomization (atomization angle, atomization covering diameter and atomization uniformity etc.) of atomizer directly affects the concentration distribution of cold-hot reactant, thus the Modulatory character of bed temperature in restriction atomizer overlay area jointly.Present in pipe-line system, impurity causes nozzle frequent wear or blocking, and then make reaction mass bias current or charging in reactor smooth, directly contribute corresponding bed temperature regulation difficulty, impact reaction transformation efficiency, meanwhile, the dismounting number of times of atomizer is the biggest with checking maintenance workload.In addition, atomizer supporting in the domestic fixed bed reactors being applicable to preparing propylene by coal-based methanol relies on abroad substantially, many restrictions such as delivery cycle, price factor and repair and maintenance, all it is unfavorable for that MTP technique " peace, steady, long, full, excellent " is run, limits production efficiency and the economic benefit of MTP handicraft product.
And be traditionally used for the atomizer of fixed bed, as it is shown in figure 1, include liquid-phase nozzle 1, cyclone 2 and gas phase nozzle 3, wherein, overall structure is centered by cyclone 2, and cyclone 2 relies on helicitic texture to be attached with liquid-phase nozzle 1, and gas phase nozzle 3 cooperates with liquid-phase nozzle 1 and is located by connecting.This traditional atomizer is that gas-liquid is outer hybrid, specifically, swiftly flowing vapor-phase reactant sprays in jet-like in gas phase channel, relatively for vapor-phase reactant, liquid phase reactor thing is flowed out by small size liquid phase spout low speed, final vapor-phase reactant by expand rapidly realize the shearing of liquid phase reactor thing, drop broken, and then realize atomization process.In the course of the work, vapor-phase reactant flows into the annular space passage between two nozzles, and the eddy flow groove on liquid-phase nozzle outer wall realizes rotating, from the ejection at a high speed of gas phase spout；Liquid phase reactor thing mixes with the gas of high speed rotating in outside after cyclone 2 rotates ejection, ultimately forms the uniformly tapered spray field of gas-liquid mixed.
There is following defect in the atomizer being traditionally used for fixed bed: first, the gas phase channel of traditional atomizer is to be formed by the annular space between liquid-phase nozzle and gas phase nozzle, this kind of annular space is in " reducing " formula structure, in this kind of structure, gas phase stream is to the squeezing action of liquid phase stream clearly, especially in the case of high load capacity gas liquid ratio, its atomization angle is even less than 15 °, liquid phase distribution presents the state that middle high both sides are low, so that the range of atomized flow that bed face is formed is very limited, even less than require the 1/3 of coverage, be atomized lack of homogeneity.Further, since liquid phase pipeline exists the solid impurity that size is uneven in MTP response system, it is highly susceptible to producing blocking and wear problem.In addition, owing to liquid phase material feeding temperature is between 35 DEG C～75 DEG C, gaseous phase materials feeding temperature is between 200 DEG C～280 DEG C, bed local maximum temperature is up to 500 DEG C～550 DEG C, in the most above-mentioned atomizer, liquid-phase nozzle internal-external temperature difference changes greatly, so the threaded connection place of liquid-phase nozzle and installation end seat, the thermally stressed effect of screw thread easily deforms and kills phenomenon.
Utility model content
First purpose of the present utility model is to provide a kind of heterogeneous atomizer of fixed bed, and this atomizer atomization uniformity is good.
Second purpose of the present utility model is to provide the heterogeneous atomizer for fixed bed of a kind of anti-thread biting locking.
3rd purpose of the present utility model is to provide a kind of anticlogging heterogeneous atomizer for fixed bed.
The technical solution of the utility model is as follows:
A kind of heterogeneous atomizer of fixed bed, including cyclone, inner nozzle and outer nozzle；Described cyclone, inner nozzle and outer nozzle are sequentially coaxially arranged；Described cyclone is set in described inner nozzle, and described inner nozzle is set in described outer nozzle；
The head of described cyclone is provided with multiple first eddy flow groove；
The outer wall of described cyclone defines a liquid channel with the inwall of described inner nozzle；
The head of described inner nozzle is provided with liquid phase spray orifice；
Described liquid channel is connected with described liquid phase spray orifice by described first eddy flow groove；
The area of the head end of described outer nozzle is at the maximum cross section of described inner nozzle 1.5-5 times of cross-sectional area, preferably 3-5 times；
A diameter of 23mm at the maximum cross section of described inner nozzle, head end a diameter of 45mm, 50mm or 40mm of preferred outer nozzle；
The middle part of the head end of described outer nozzle is provided with the fixing hole for fixing described inner nozzle head；
The outer wall of described inner nozzle defines a gas phase channel with the inwall of described outer nozzle；
In the head end of described outer nozzle, described fixing hole being provided with multiple whirl hole, described gas phase channel is connected with described whirl hole；
In the head end of described outer nozzle, being additionally provided with multiple gas phase spray orifice at the described fixing hole that wraps around of described whirl hole, the plurality of gas phase spray orifice is connected with described gas phase channel.
Preferably, described fixing hole is arranged at the center of the head end of described outer nozzle, and described whirl hole is the hole that the central axis with described fixing hole becomes 30-45 ° of angle.
Preferably, described fixing hole is arranged at the center of the head end of described outer nozzle, and described gas phase spray orifice is the hole that the central axis with described fixing hole becomes 45-60 ° of angle.
Preferably, in the head end 43 of described outer nozzle 4, the pitch-row between described whirl hole 41 and described fixing hole 10 is 2-6mm, preferably 4mm；Pitch-row between described gas phase spray orifice 42 and described fixing hole 10 is 20-30mm, preferably 24mm.
Preferably, described gas phase channel is gradually increased along the flow direction cross section of gas.
Preferably, described gas phase spray orifice is 4-8, preferably 6.
Preferably, described whirl hole is 3-7, preferably 5.
Preferably, described atomizer also includes installation end seat, described installation end seat is for being removably connected with described inner nozzle and outer nozzle, described installation end seat has the first through hole connected with described liquid channel and multiple second through holes connected with described gas phase channel, does not connects between described first through hole and the plurality of second through hole.
Described first through hole is arranged along central shaft, and the plurality of second through hole all be arranged in parallel with described first through hole, does not connects between the plurality of second through hole.
Described inner nozzle is removably connected with described installation end seat by interconnecting piece, being in sealing contact and be connected by arranging sealing gasket between described inner nozzle with described interconnecting piece, described interconnecting piece has the third through-hole connected with described first through hole and described liquid channel；The outer wall of the part that described interconnecting piece is not connected with described installation end seat defines described gas phase channel with the inwall of described outer nozzle together with the outer wall of described inner nozzle.
Described installation end seat is cylindrical.
Described outer nozzle is the hollow cavity with described head end, and described hollow cavity is made up of the hollow circular cylinder that two diameters are different, and wherein, the cylindrical outside that diameter is little is provided with screw thread for being threaded connection with the inwall of described installation end seat；The cylindrical diameter that diameter is big is identical with described installation end seat.
Described interconnecting piece is made up of two parts, and Part I is the threaded hollow circular cylinder of outside tool, and Part II is hollow cavity, and the passage of described hollow circular cylinder and the passage of described hollow cavity constitute described third through-hole；Described Part I is threaded connection with the first through hole of described installation end seat；The diameter of described Part II is more than the directly cylindrical diameter little less than the described diameter of described outer nozzle of described Part I.
Described inner nozzle is a hollow cavity, its hollow cone by the hollow circular cylinder being positioned at afterbody, being positioned at middle part and hollow circular cylinder three part being positioned at head are constituted, wherein, one end that described hollow cone cross-sectional area is big is connected with the described hollow circular cylinder being positioned at afterbody, and one end that described hollow cone cross-sectional area is little is connected with the described hollow circular cylinder being positioned at head；The diameter of the hollow circular cylinder being positioned at afterbody is more than the diameter of the hollow circular cylinder being positioned at head and the diameter of the Part II less than described interconnecting piece；The described hollow circular cylinder being positioned at afterbody is provided with the external connections of described hollow cone and is suitable to place described sealing gasket and the Part II with described interconnecting piece is in sealing contact the boss being connected.
The inside of described inner nozzle is located at by described cyclone；Described cyclone is made up of head, channel part, installation portion and afterbody successively, and described head is to be suitable to the close-fitting filled circles stage body with the inner surface of the cone of described inner nozzle；Described channel part is solid cylinder, and it defines described liquid channel with the inner surface of described inner nozzle；Described installation portion is a solid plane, and described plane be shaped to make liquid by and can be threaded connection with the inner surface of described inner nozzle；Described afterbody is made up of four projections being positioned in the middle part of described installation portion, and described four projections are not connected to mutually.
Described installation portion is the plane being made up of the upper bottom surface parallel with its cross section and four sides, the relative side of two of which has the screw thread for threadeding with described inner nozzle, has space between the inner surface of two other relative side and described inner nozzle；Described four projections are sector, and form the passage of " ten " font from each other；Described first eddy flow groove is angularly disposed.
Preferably, the fixing hole of described outer nozzle is interference fit with the part inserting described fixing hole of described inner nozzle
Preferably, described second through hole is 2-10, preferably 8.
Preferably, described atomizer also includes that sealing gasket, described sealing gasket pad are located at the junction of described inner nozzle and described interconnecting piece.Described sealing gasket is metal gasket.
Preferably, described sealing gasket is copper washer.
Preferably, described liquid phase spray orifice is a venturi tubulus, and it extends to the end face of described inner nozzle head at the head head end of described cyclone.
Preferably, described first eddy flow groove is 2-6, preferably 3-4.
Preferably, the groove depth of described first eddy flow groove is 0.5-1.5mm, and groove width is 1-1.5mm.
Preferably, the aperture at the smallest cross-section area of described liquid phase spray orifice 21 is 1.0-2.5mm, preferably 1.5-2.0mm.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
(1) design simple in construction of the present utility model, the combination of cyclone, inner nozzle and outer nozzle is arranged, and particularly liquid phase spray orifice is set to venturi tubulus, can efficiently solve the blockage problem of MTP nozzle, prevent atomizer from blocking, extend the service life of atomizer；
(2) liquid phase material relies on pressure and rotates realization atomization, and the first eddy flow groove and liquid phase spray orifice size have increased relative to traditional design, and this prevents atomizer clogging occur the most further；
(3) setting in described outer nozzle forward spin flow hole so that on the one hand, is subject to extruding and the rotation of the gas that high speed sprays in described whirl hole, it is achieved primary atomization from the liquid of liquid phase spray orifice outflow；On the other hand, from another part gas of gas phase spray orifice at a high speed ejection the gas-liquid mixture after primary atomization sheared and rotate, it is achieved secondary-atomizing, it is ensured that to expand spread of spray while atomizing effect；Additionally, the angle that whirl hole of the present utility model is arranged is for become 30-45 ° with central axis, so ejection with cyclonic action, compared to traditional annular space structure gaseous phase outlet, the whirl hole of the present utility model phase materials that makes to work off one's feeling vent one's spleen has the velocity component of horizontal direction, and gas-liquid two-phase flow direction of material periphery spreads, atomization angle and uniformity are increased, make flow rotation spray, increase atomization angle and the blend range of gas-liquid two-phase, thus increase range of atomized flow and uniformity；Being easy to gaseous component carry out crushing and being atomized it addition, whirl hole is 30-45 ° to liquid phase material, it is contemplated that difficulty of processing and atomization optimum efficiency, this orifice angle is unsuitable excessive；And the angle of gas phase spray orifice is set to become 45-60 ° with central axis, it is simple to remaining gaseous phase materials realizes the rotation to gas-liquid mixture, expand covering diameter, simultaneously work as the atomizing of auxiliary；
(4) described outer nozzle and described inner nozzle interference fit so that the cooperation of the two is more closely more firm, and the two is impacted and separates to prevent the high velocity spray of gaseous phase materials from sening as an envoy to, is further ensured that the seriality work of atomizer；
(5) this utility model is by arranging interconnecting piece between installation end seat and inner nozzle, and pad sets the sealing gasket that one or more thermal expansivity is good between interconnecting piece and described inner nozzle, on the one hand the sealing of inner nozzle and interconnecting piece is achieved, can prevent inner nozzle from mutually wearing and tearing with interconnecting piece simultaneously, the most described sealing gasket (for example, copper washer) can absorb the heat distortion amount of screw thread, make to be not susceptible to thread biting locking between interconnecting piece and installation end seat, solve the problem that prior art exists；
(6) provided by the utility model for the heterogeneous atomizer of fixed bed, the blocking of MTP nozzle can be efficiently solved, abrasion, thread biting locking and the atomization problem such as lack of homogeneity, such that it is able to improve life-span and the product yield of beds.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of tradition atomizer；
The sectional view of the atomizer in Fig. 2 this utility model embodiment 1；
Fig. 3 is the atomizer installation diagram in this utility model embodiment 2；
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of the atomizer in this utility model embodiment 2；
Fig. 5 be in Fig. 4 gas phase path and liquid phase path move towards figure；
Fig. 6 is the cyclone perspective view in one embodiment of this utility model atomizer；
Fig. 7 is the perspective view of cyclone another angle in one embodiment of this utility model atomizer；
Fig. 8 is the outer nozzle perspective view in one embodiment of this utility model atomizer；
Fig. 9 is the longitudinal sectional view of Fig. 8；
Figure 10 is the head end structural representation in one embodiment of the outer nozzle of this utility model atomizer；
Figure 11 is the B-B profile of Figure 10；
Figure 12 is the installation end seat perspective view in one embodiment of this utility model atomizer；
Figure 13 is the installation end seat transverse cross-sectional view in one embodiment of this utility model atomizer；
Figure 14 is the installation end seat longitudinal sectional drawing in one embodiment of this utility model atomizer；
Figure 15 is the interconnecting piece perspective view in one embodiment of this utility model atomizer；
Figure 16 is the longitudinal sectional view of Figure 15；
Figure 17 is the inner nozzle longitudinal sectional view in one embodiment of this utility model atomizer.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by way of detailed description of the invention, technical solutions of the utility model and effect thereof are described further.Following example are merely to illustrate content of the present utility model, are not limited to protection domain of the present utility model.Apply the simple change that this utility model is carried out by design of the present utility model all in the scope that this utility model is claimed.
Embodiment 1
A kind of heterogeneous atomizer of fixed bed, as Fig. 2,8-14, shown in 17, including cyclone 1, inner nozzle 2, outer nozzle 4 and installation end seat 9；Described installation end seat 9, cyclone 1, inner nozzle 2 and outer nozzle 4 are coaxially disposed；Described cyclone 1 is set in described inner nozzle 2, and described inner nozzle 2 is set in described outer nozzle 4.
The head 111 of described cyclone 1 is provided with multiple first eddy flow groove 11；
The outer wall of described cyclone 1 defines a liquid channel 8 with the inwall of described inner nozzle 2；
The head of described inner nozzle 2 is provided with liquid phase spray orifice 21；
Described liquid channel 8 is connected with described liquid phase spray orifice 21 by the plurality of first eddy flow groove 11；
The middle part of the head end of described outer nozzle 4 is provided with the fixing hole 10 for fixing described inner nozzle 2 head；The outer wall of described inner nozzle 2 defines a gas phase channel 6 with the inwall of described outer nozzle 4；
In the head end 43 of described outer nozzle 4, described fixing hole 10 being provided with multiple whirl hole 41, described gas phase channel 6 is connected with described whirl hole 41；
Wherein, described installation end seat 9 is connected threadably with described inner nozzle 2 and outer nozzle 4, described installation end seat 9 is cylindrical, it has the first through hole 91 connected with described liquid channel 8 and 8 the second through holes 92 connected with described gas phase channel 6, described first through hole 91 is arranged along central shaft, described 8 the second through holes 92 all be arranged in parallel with described first through hole 91, do not connect between the plurality of second through hole 92, do not connect between described first through hole 91 and described 8 the second through holes 92.
Described outer nozzle 4 has the hollow cavity of described head end 43 for head, and described hollow cavity is made up of the hollow circular cylinder that two diameters are different, and wherein, the cylindrical outside that diameter is little is provided with screw thread for being threaded connection with the inwall of described installation end seat 9；The cylindrical diameter that the cylinder that diameter is big i.e. has described head end 43 is identical with described installation end seat 9.
Described inner nozzle 2 is a hollow cavity, its hollow cone by the hollow circular cylinder being positioned at afterbody, being positioned at middle part and hollow circular cylinder three part being positioned at head are constituted, wherein, one end that described hollow cone cross-sectional area is big is connected with the described hollow circular cylinder being positioned at afterbody, and one end that described hollow cone cross-sectional area is little is connected with the described hollow circular cylinder being positioned at head；The diameter of the hollow circular cylinder being positioned at afterbody is more than the diameter of the hollow circular cylinder being positioned at head and has the screw thread that the first through hole 91 with described installation end seat is connected outside it.
The inside of described inner nozzle 2 is located at by described cyclone 1；Described cyclone 1 is made up of head 111, channel part 112, installation portion 113 and afterbody 114 successively, and described head 111 is the inner surface close-fitting filled circles stage body being suitable to the cone with described inner nozzle 2；Described channel part 112 is solid cylinder, and it defines described liquid channel 8 with the inner surface of described inner nozzle 2；Described installation portion 113 is the solid plane being made up of the upper bottom surface parallel with its cross section and four sides, the relative side of two of which has the screw thread for threadeding with described inner nozzle 2, has space between the inner surface of two other relative side and described inner nozzle 2；Afterbody 114 includes that four projections, described four projections are sector, and are not connected to from each other and form the passage of " ten " font；The plurality of first eddy flow groove 11 is 6, and is angularly disposed.
Described inner nozzle 2 insert the part of the fixing hole 10 of described outer nozzle 4 and described fixing hole 10 with for interference fit.
Wherein, described gas phase spray orifice 42 is preferably 6, and described whirl hole 41 is preferably 5；Described fixing hole 10 is arranged at the center of the head end 43 of described outer nozzle 4, described whirl hole 41 and the central axis angle at 45 ° of described fixing hole 10, and described gas phase spray orifice 42 becomes 60 ° with the central axis of described fixing hole 10.In the head end 43 of described outer nozzle 4, the pitch-row between described whirl hole 41 and described fixing hole 10 is 3mm, and the pitch-row between described gas phase spray orifice 42 and described fixing hole 10 is 22mm.Described 6 the first eddy flow grooves 11 are uniformly distributed setting at the head 111 of cyclone 1；Described 5 whirl hole 41 are uniformly distributed setting around described fixing hole 10 in the head end 43 of outer nozzle 4；Described 6 gas phase spray orifices 42 are uniformly distributed setting around described fixing hole 10 in the head end 43 of outer nozzle 4；Described 8 the second through holes 92 are uniformly distributed setting around described first through hole 91.
The assembling process of above-mentioned atomizer is:
Carry out described inner nozzle 2 after cooling makes its dimensional contraction, the described fixing hole 10 that its head inserts described outer nozzle 4 being made both interference fit；Then the head 111 of described cyclone 1 is inserted in described inner nozzle 2, rotate described cyclone 1 and be passed to the screw thread of installation portion 113 and be connected with described inner nozzle 2；The afterbody alignment installation end seat 9 of the most described inner nozzle 2, is fixed on installation end seat 9, the afterbody alignment installation end seat 9 of described outer nozzle 4 by screw thread by described inner nozzle 2, by screw thread, described outer nozzle 4 is fixed on installation end seat 9.
The process using the offer of above-mentioned atomizer to be atomized reactant is:
Liquid phase material enters liquid channel 8 by the first through hole 91 of described installation end seat 9, and then described first eddy flow groove 11 eddy flow from cyclone 1 enters in liquid phase spray orifice 21, and through liquid phase spray orifice 21 ejection at a high speed；Described liquid phase material includes the mixing liquid etc. of water, low-carbon alkene C4-C6, methanol, dimethyl ether or methanol and dimethyl ether；
Gaseous phase materials enters described gas phase channel 6 by the second through hole 92 of described installation end seat 9, then through head end forward spin flow hole 41 and gas phase spray orifice 42 ejection the eddy flow at a high speed of outer nozzle 4；From the gaseous phase materials of whirl hole 41 ejection at a high speed, the liquid phase material from liquid phase spray orifice 21 ejection at a high speed is extruded and crushes, realize primary atomization, from the gaseous phase materials of gas phase spray orifice 42 at a high speed ejection the gas-liquid mixture after primary atomization sheared and rotate, it is achieved secondary-atomizing；Described liquid phase material includes the mixed gas etc. of air, nitrogen, methanol, dimethyl ether or methanol and dimethyl ether.
Certainly in above-described embodiment, the angle of 5 whirl hole 41 can also be different, as long as can meet all in the range of 30-45 °；The angle that arranges of above-mentioned 6 gas phase spray orifices 42 can also be different, as long as can meet all in the range of 45-60 °.
Embodiment 2
A kind of heterogeneous atomizer of fixed bed, as shown in Fig. 3-17, including cyclone 1, inner nozzle 2, outer nozzle 4, interconnecting piece 3 and installation end seat 9；Described installation end seat 9, interconnecting piece, cyclone 1, inner nozzle 2 and outer nozzle 4 are coaxially disposed；Described cyclone 1 is set in described inner nozzle 2, and described inner nozzle 2 is set in described outer nozzle 4.
The head 111 of described cyclone 1 is provided with multiple first eddy flow groove 11；
The outer wall of described cyclone 1 defines a liquid channel 8 with the inwall of described inner nozzle 2；
The head of described inner nozzle 2 is provided with liquid phase spray orifice 21；
Described liquid channel 8 is connected with described liquid phase spray orifice 21 by the plurality of first eddy flow groove 11；
The middle part of the head end of described outer nozzle 4 is provided with the fixing hole 10 for fixing described inner nozzle 2 head；
The outer wall of described inner nozzle 2 defines a gas phase channel 6 with the inwall of described outer nozzle 4；
In the head end of described outer nozzle 4, described fixing hole 10 being provided with multiple whirl hole 41, described gas phase channel 6 is connected with described whirl hole 41；
Wherein, described installation end seat 9 is threaded connection with described outer nozzle 4, and described installation end seat 9 is connected with described inner nozzle 2 by interconnecting piece 3；Described installation end seat 9 is cylindrical, it has the first through hole 91 connected with described liquid channel 8 and 8 the second through holes 92 connected with described gas phase channel 6, described first through hole 91 is arranged along central shaft, described 8 the second through holes 92 all be arranged in parallel with described first through hole 91, do not connect between the plurality of second through hole 92, do not connect between described first through hole 91 and described 8 the second through holes 92.
Described outer nozzle 4 has the hollow cavity of described head end 43 for head, and described hollow cavity is made up of the hollow circular cylinder that two diameters are different, and wherein, the cylindrical outside that diameter is little is provided with screw thread for being threaded connection with the inwall of described installation end seat 9；The cylindrical diameter that the cylinder that diameter is big i.e. has described head end 43 is identical with described installation end seat 9.
Being in sealing contact and be connected by arranging copper washer 5 between described inner nozzle 2 with described interconnecting piece 3, described interconnecting piece 3 has the third through-hole 31 connected with described first through hole 91 and described liquid channel 8；The outer wall of the part that described interconnecting piece 3 is not connected with described installation end seat 9 defines described gas phase channel 6 with the inwall of described outer nozzle 4 together with the outer wall of described inner nozzle 2.Described interconnecting piece 3 is made up of two parts, and Part I 311 is the threaded hollow circular cylinder of outside tool, and Part II 312 is hollow cavity, and the passage of described hollow circular cylinder and the passage of described hollow cavity constitute described third through-hole 31；Described Part I 311 is threaded connection with the first through hole 91 of described installation end seat 9；The diameter of described Part II 312 is more than the directly cylindrical diameter little less than the described diameter of described outer nozzle 4 of described Part I 311.
Described inner nozzle 2 is a hollow cavity, its hollow cone by the hollow circular cylinder being positioned at afterbody, being positioned at middle part and hollow circular cylinder three part being positioned at head are constituted, wherein, one end that described hollow cone cross-sectional area is big is connected with the described hollow circular cylinder being positioned at afterbody, and one end that described hollow cone cross-sectional area is little is connected with the described hollow circular cylinder being positioned at head；The diameter of the hollow circular cylinder being positioned at afterbody is more than the diameter of the hollow circular cylinder being positioned at head and the diameter of the Part II 312 less than described interconnecting piece 3；The described hollow circular cylinder being positioned at afterbody is provided with the external connections of described hollow cone and is suitable to place described copper washer 5 and the Part II 312 with described interconnecting piece 3 is in sealing contact the boss being connected.
The inside of described inner nozzle 2 is located at by described cyclone 1；Described cyclone 1 is made up of head 111, channel part 112, installation portion 113 and afterbody 114 successively, and described head 111 is the inner surface close-fitting filled circles stage body being suitable to the cone with described inner nozzle 2；Described channel part 112 is solid cylinder, and it defines described liquid channel 8 with the inner surface of described inner nozzle 2；Described installation portion 113 is the solid plane being made up of the upper bottom surface parallel with its cross section and four sides, the relative side of two of which has the screw thread for threadeding with described inner nozzle 2, has space between the inner surface of two other relative side and described inner nozzle 2；Described four projections are sector, and are not connected to from each other and form the passage of " ten " font；The plurality of first eddy flow groove 11 is 4, and is angularly disposed.
It is interference fit with described fixing hole 10 that described inner nozzle 2 inserts the part of the fixing hole 10 of described outer nozzle 4.
Wherein, described gas phase spray orifice 42 is 6, and described whirl hole 41 is 5；Described fixing hole 10 is arranged at the center of the head end 43 of described outer nozzle 4, and described whirl hole 41 becomes 35 ° of angles, described gas phase spray orifice 42 to become 65 ° with the central axis of described fixing hole 10 with the central axis of described fixing hole 10.
In the head end 43 of described outer nozzle 4, the pitch-row between described whirl hole 41 and described fixing hole 10 is 4mm, and the pitch-row between described gas phase spray orifice 42 and described fixing hole 10 is 24mm.
The groove depth of described first eddy flow groove 11 is 1.5mm, and groove width is 1.5mm；Described liquid phase spray orifice 21 is a venturi tubulus, and it extends to the end face of described inner nozzle 2 head from head 111 end of described cyclone 1；Aperture at the minimum cross-section of described liquid phase spray orifice 21 is 1.5mm.Described 4 the first eddy flow grooves 11 are uniformly distributed setting on the head 111 of cyclone 1；Described 5 whirl hole 41 are uniformly distributed setting around described fixing hole 10 in the head end 43 of described outer nozzle 4；Described 6 gas phase spray orifices 42 are uniformly distributed setting around described fixing hole 10 in the head end 43 of outer nozzle 4；Described 8 the second through holes 92 are uniformly arranged around described first through hole 91.
The assembling process of above-mentioned atomizer is: carry out described inner nozzle 2 after cooling makes its dimensional contraction, its head inserting the described fixing hole 10 of described outer nozzle 4, making described inner nozzle 2 and described outer nozzle 4 interference fit；Then the head 111 of described cyclone 1 is inserted in described inner nozzle 2, rotate described cyclone 1 and be passed to the screw thread of installation portion 113 and be connected with described inner nozzle 2；First through hole 91 of the Part I 311 of described interconnecting piece 3 with described installation end seat 9 is threaded connection, the most described interconnecting piece 3 is placed on the boss of the described inner nozzle 2 being provided with described copper washer, finally outer nozzle 4 is threaded connection with described installation end seat 9, thus installation end seat 9, interconnecting piece 3, cyclone 1, inner nozzle 2 and outer nozzle 4 are assembled into one, finally the tail end of described installation end seat 9 is fixed on the distributor of fixed bed.
The process using the offer of above-mentioned atomizer to be atomized reactant is:
Liquid phase material is sequentially entered the first through hole 91, third through-hole 31 and liquid channel 8 by distributor, and then the first eddy flow groove 11 eddy flow from cyclone 1 enters in liquid phase spray orifice 21, and through liquid phase spray orifice 21 ejection at a high speed；Described liquid phase material includes the mixing liquid etc. of water, low-carbon alkene C4-C6, methanol, dimethyl ether or methanol and dimethyl ether；
Gaseous phase materials is sequentially entered the second through hole 92 and gas phase channel 6 by distributor, then through head end forward spin flow hole 41 and gas phase spray orifice 42 ejection the eddy flow at a high speed of outer nozzle 4；From the gaseous phase materials of whirl hole 41 ejection at a high speed, the liquid phase material from liquid phase spray orifice 21 ejection at a high speed is extruded and crushes, realize primary atomization, from the gaseous phase materials of gas phase spray orifice 42 at a high speed ejection the gas-liquid mixture after primary atomization sheared and rotate, it is achieved secondary-atomizing；Described liquid phase material includes the mixed gas etc. of air, nitrogen, methanol, dimethyl ether or methanol and dimethyl ether.
In embodiment 2 other arrange constant in the case of, it is also possible to change whirl hole angle be 45 °, the angle of gas phase spray orifice is 60 °, arrange make from described whirl hole 41 consistent with the eddy flow direction of the gaseous phase materials that gas phase spray orifice 42 sprays.
In all above embodiment, the angle of whirl hole 41 can realize the variable of its angle according to the needs of actual atomization process by perforating machine.This kind of whirl hole implementation is summarized as follows: first determine the oblique triangular angular in hole, pitch-row, then by various sizes of perforating machine along the angle determined and pitch-row, realizes tangential perforation on outer nozzle.As shown in the structure chart of Fig. 7 outer nozzle, it is that angle and direction is consistent that 5 on outer nozzle cut sth. askew to whirl hole 41, when if desired changing, can be realized by above-mentioned implementation, and this is " triangular angular is variable ".
In all embodiments described above, cyclone 1 uses high-abrasive material to be prepared from.
The preferred nickel-base alloy of high-abrasive material 718.
The atomizer of the present embodiment 2 and the atomizer being traditionally used for fixed bed are compared, lists atomization and the service data of heterogeneous atomizer described in the present embodiment, as shown in table 1.It is adapted to assist in the technique understanding heterogeneous atomizer described in the utility model.Table 1 is atomized diameter and refers to that the Pcnten-1 yne-4 of more than 80% is to calculate benchmark in the range of this.
The heterogeneous atomizer of table 1 fixed bed of the present utility model and the comparison of tradition atomizer
In table 1, all atomization diameters all gas-liquid load than be 1 time measure, i.e. gas phase mass flow be 100%, liquid phase quality flow be 100%, the liquid phase mass flow of MTP reactor under this duty ratio correspondence nominal situation.
For MTP atomizer, gas-liquid two-phase material realizes the broken of drop and atomization by the outer nozzle and inner nozzle component with cyclone structure, in atomization process, the particle diameter of droplet is one of important parameter judging atomizing effect, and the mist droplet particle size of suitable size is most important for the control of catalytic reaction temperature；In table 1, Suo Taier diameter (SMD) refers to surface area weight mean particle size, can be as the important parameter type selecting for nozzle weighing mean diameter；Suo Taier diameter (SMD) the least atomizing effect is the best；
Atomization diameter in table 1, refers to be atomized covering diameter, is the diameter (be by gravimetric detemination, and average) corresponding to liquid phase material distributed areas of 80% according to the definition of this patent；Owing to atomizer distance catalytic bed 1.9 meters is high, after liquid phase reaction mass disperses via atomizer, liquid phase material can be with certain atomization angle dispersion, and finally form overlay area in corresponding catalytic bed, and diameter corresponding to this overlay area can be as atomization diameter for the type selecting of nozzle；If atomization is relatively large in diameter, more material is had the most overlapping between nozzle, thus form the region that concentration is higher, this region is unfavorable for being uniformly distributed of concentration in reactor, and can be formed " short-circuit " between nozzle and reactor wall, cause reaction mass directly to flow into subordinate's catalytic bed along reactor wall；Therefore, the control that suitable atomization diameter is distributed for reactant concentration is most important.
As shown in Table 1, atomizer of the present utility model is all greatly improved relative to conventional spout, atomization angle and atomization diameter, and this absolutely proves that atomizer of the present utility model, atomizing effect and range of atomized flow are all than traditional atomizer advantageously；While atomization angle and atomization diameter improve, owing to the probability of droplet collision increases, Suo Taier diameter also increases, but this has no effect on the atomizing effect of entirety.
Claims (31)
1. the heterogeneous atomizer of fixed bed, it is characterised in that include cyclone (1), inner nozzle (2) and outer nozzle (4)；Described cyclone (1), inner nozzle (2) and outer nozzle (4) are sequentially coaxially arranged；Described cyclone (1) is set in described inner nozzle (2), and described inner nozzle (2) is set in described outer nozzle (4)；
The head (111) of described cyclone (1) is provided with multiple first eddy flow groove (11)；
The outer wall of described cyclone (1) defines a liquid channel (8) with the inwall of described inner nozzle (2)；
The head of described inner nozzle (2) is provided with liquid phase spray orifice (21)；
Described liquid channel (8) is connected with described liquid phase spray orifice (21) by the plurality of first eddy flow groove (11)；
At the maximum cross section that area is described inner nozzle (2) of the head end (43) of described outer nozzle (4) 1.5-5 times of cross-sectional area；
The middle part of the head end (43) of described outer nozzle (4) is provided with the fixing hole (10) for fixing described inner nozzle (2) head；
The outer wall of described inner nozzle (2) defines a gas phase channel (6) with the inwall of described outer nozzle (4)；
In the head end (43) of described outer nozzle (4), described fixing hole (10) being provided with multiple whirl hole (41), described gas phase channel (6) is connected with described whirl hole (41)；
Head end (43) in described outer nozzle (4) is upper, be additionally provided with multiple gas phase spray orifice (42) at the described fixing hole (10) that wraps around of described whirl hole (41), and the plurality of gas phase spray orifice (42) is connected with described gas phase channel (6).
Atomizer the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described fixing hole (10) is arranged at the center of the head end (43) of described outer nozzle (4), and described whirl hole (41) is to become the hole of 30-45 ° of angle with the central axis of described fixing hole (10).
Atomizer the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described fixing hole (10) is arranged at the center of the head end (43) of described outer nozzle (4), and described gas phase spray orifice (42) is the hole becoming 45-60 ° of angle with the central axis of described fixing hole (10).
4. according to the atomizer described in any one in claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, in the head end (43) of described outer nozzle (4), the pitch-row between described whirl hole (41) and described fixing hole (10) is 2-6mm；Pitch-row between described gas phase spray orifice (42) and described fixing hole (10) is 20-30mm.
5. according to the atomizer described in any one in claim 1-3, it is characterised in that described gas phase channel (6) is gradually increased along the flow direction cross section of gas.
6. according to the atomizer described in any one in claim 1-3, it is characterised in that described gas phase spray orifice (42) is 4-8.
7. according to the atomizer described in any one in claim 1-3, it is characterised in that described whirl hole (41) is 3-7.
Atomizer the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that
Described atomizer also includes installation end seat (9), described installation end seat (9) is for being removably connected with described inner nozzle (2) and outer nozzle (4), described installation end seat (9) has the first through hole (91) connected with described liquid channel (8) and multiple second through holes (92) connected with described gas phase channel (6), does not connects between described first through hole (91) and the plurality of second through hole (92).
Atomizer the most according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described first through hole (91) is arranged along central shaft, the plurality of second through hole (92) all be arranged in parallel with described first through hole (91), does not connects between the plurality of second through hole (92).
Atomizer the most according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, described inner nozzle (2) is removably connected with described installation end seat (9) by interconnecting piece (3), being in sealing contact and be connected by arranging sealing gasket (5) between described inner nozzle (2) with described interconnecting piece (3), described interconnecting piece (3) has the third through-hole (31) connected with described first through hole (91) and described liquid channel (8)；The outer wall of the part that described interconnecting piece (3) is not connected with described installation end seat (9) inwall with described outer nozzle (4) together with the outer wall of described inner nozzle (2) defines described gas phase channel (6).
11. atomizers according to claim 10, it is characterised in that described installation end seat (9) is cylindrical.
12. atomizers according to claim 11, it is characterized in that, described outer nozzle (4) is the hollow cavity with described head end (43), described hollow cavity is made up of the hollow circular cylinder that two diameters are different, wherein, the cylindrical outside that diameter is little is provided with screw thread for being threaded connection with the inwall of described installation end seat (9)；The cylindrical diameter that the cylinder that diameter is big i.e. has described head end (43) is identical with described installation end seat (9).
13. according to atomizer described in claim 12, it is characterized in that, described interconnecting piece (3) is made up of two parts, Part I (311) is the threaded hollow circular cylinder of outside tool, Part II (312) is hollow cavity, and the passage of described hollow circular cylinder and the passage of described hollow cavity constitute described third through-hole (31)；Described Part I (311) is threaded connection with first through hole (91) of described installation end seat (9)；The diameter of described Part II (312) is more than the directly cylindrical diameter little less than the described diameter of described outer nozzle (4) of described Part I (311).
14. atomizers according to claim 13, it is characterized in that, described inner nozzle (2) is a hollow cavity, its hollow cone by the hollow circular cylinder being positioned at afterbody, being positioned at middle part and hollow circular cylinder three part being positioned at head are constituted, wherein, one end that described hollow cone cross-sectional area is big is connected with the described hollow circular cylinder being positioned at afterbody, and one end that described hollow cone cross-sectional area is little is connected with the described hollow circular cylinder being positioned at head；The diameter of the hollow circular cylinder being positioned at afterbody is more than the diameter of the hollow circular cylinder being positioned at head and the diameter of the Part II (312) less than described interconnecting piece (3)；The described hollow circular cylinder being positioned at afterbody is provided with the external connections of described hollow cone and is suitable to place described sealing gasket (5) and be in sealing contact, with the Part II (312) of described interconnecting piece (3), the boss being connected.
15. atomizers according to claim 14, it is characterised in that the inside of described inner nozzle (2) is located at by described cyclone (1)；Described cyclone (1) is made up of head (111), channel part (112), installation portion (113) and afterbody (114) successively, and described head (111) is the inner surface close-fitting filled circles stage body being suitable to the cone with described inner nozzle (2)；Described channel part (112) is solid cylinder, and it defines described liquid channel (8) with the inner surface of described inner nozzle (2)；Described installation portion (113) is a solid plane, and described plane be shaped to make liquid by and can be threaded connection with the inner surface of described inner nozzle (2)；Described afterbody (114) is made up of four projections being positioned at described installation portion (113) middle part, and described four projections are not connected to mutually.
16. atomizers according to claim 15, it is characterized in that, described installation portion (113) is the plane being made up of the upper bottom surface parallel with its cross section and four sides, the relative side of two of which has the screw thread for threadeding with described inner nozzle (2), has space between the inner surface of two other relative side and described inner nozzle (2)；Described four projections are sector, and form the passage of " ten " font from each other；Described first eddy flow groove (11) is angularly disposed.
17. according to the atomizer described in any one in claim 1-3 or 9-16, it is characterized in that, the fixing hole (10) of described outer nozzle (4) is interference fit with the part of the described fixing hole of the insertion (10) of described inner nozzle (2).
18. atomizers according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described second through hole (92) is 2-10.
19. atomizers according to claim 10, it is characterised in that described sealing gasket (5) is metal gasket.
20. atomizers according to claim 19, it is characterised in that described sealing gasket is copper washer.
21. according to the atomizer described in any one in claim 1-3, it is characterised in that
Described liquid phase spray orifice (21) is a venturi tubulus, and it extends to the end face of described inner nozzle (2) head from head (111) end of described cyclone (1).
22. according to the atomizer described in any one in claim 1-3, it is characterised in that described first eddy flow groove (11) is 2-6.
23. according to the atomizer described in any one in claim 1-3, it is characterised in that the groove depth of described first eddy flow groove (11) is 1-1.5mm, and groove width is 1-1.5mm.
24. atomizers according to claim 21, the aperture at the smallest cross-section area of described liquid phase spray orifice (21) is 1.0-2.5mm.
25. atomizers according to claim 1, it is characterised in that at the maximum cross section that area is described inner nozzle (2) of the head end (43) of described outer nozzle (4) 3-5 times of cross-sectional area.
26. atomizers according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the pitch-row between described whirl hole (41) and described fixing hole (10) is 4mm；Pitch-row between described gas phase spray orifice (42) and described fixing hole (10) is 24mm.
27. atomizers according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described gas phase spray orifice (42) is 6.
28. atomizers according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described whirl hole (41) is 5.
29. atomizers according to claim 18, it is characterised in that described second through hole (92) is 8.
30. atomizers according to claim 22, it is characterised in that described first eddy flow groove (11) is 3-4.
31. atomizers according to claim 24, it is characterised in that the aperture at the smallest cross-section area of described liquid phase spray orifice (21) is 1.5-2.0mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620214063.1U CN205650176U (en) | 2016-03-18 | 2016-03-18 | Heterogeneous atomizing nozzle of fixed bed |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620214063.1U CN205650176U (en) | 2016-03-18 | 2016-03-18 | Heterogeneous atomizing nozzle of fixed bed |
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| CN205650176U true CN205650176U (en) | 2016-10-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201620214063.1U Withdrawn - After Issue CN205650176U (en) | 2016-03-18 | 2016-03-18 | Heterogeneous atomizing nozzle of fixed bed |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105642198A (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2016-06-08 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | Fixed bed multiphase atomizing nozzle |
| CN110236719A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-09-17 | 小白熊（上海）母婴用品有限公司 | A kind of water toothpick |
-
2016
- 2016-03-18 CN CN201620214063.1U patent/CN205650176U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105642198A (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2016-06-08 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | Fixed bed multiphase atomizing nozzle |
| CN110236719A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-09-17 | 小白熊（上海）母婴用品有限公司 | A kind of water toothpick |
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