CN205566107U - Modular direct -current converter - Google Patents
Modular direct -current converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN205566107U CN205566107U CN201620363607.0U CN201620363607U CN205566107U CN 205566107 U CN205566107 U CN 205566107U CN 201620363607 U CN201620363607 U CN 201620363607U CN 205566107 U CN205566107 U CN 205566107U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a modular direct -current converter is connected gradually and is formed by startup module, reconsitution module, a N fault -tolerant module, a N DC conversion module that output is parallelly connected. Startup module is by voltage sensor, auxiliary electrical power source, microcontroller and first relay are formed, microcontroller determines whether there is excessive pressure or under -voltage through voltage sensor test input voltage, come power supply closed or disconnection reconsitution module through controlling first relay, the input series -parallel connection mode of N DC conversion module is changed through a plurality of second relay closed or disconnection reconsitution module, the DC conversion module that breaks down is kept apart to series connection relay and parallelly connected relay through controlling fault -tolerant module, the utility model discloses can be according to the input integrated configuration of automatic each the DC conversion module of reconsitution of input voltage grade to can be in the DC conversion module of operation in -process automatic monitoring and isolated fault, input voltage range is big, use that nimble just fault -tolerant ability is strong, the reliability is high.
Description
Technical field
This utility model belongs to electric and electronic technical field, relates to a kind of Combined vertical current converter, especially relates to a kind of multimode Combined vertical current converter with reconstruct and fault tolerance.
Background technology
Novel direct current distributed power system (Direct
Current Distributed Power System, DC DPS) compared with traditional centralized power system, the advantage such as have energy utilization efficiency height, system structure flexibility and reliability, new-energy grid-connected are relatively easy to, is applied to the fields such as space station, many electricity aircrafts, aircraft carrier naval vessel, underwater research vehicle, electric locomotive, electric automobile and submarine observation network the most more and more widely.One of main feature of DC DPS is to use HF switch DC converter to realize voltage conversion in a large number in load-side, these DC converters are responsible for being efficiently converted to load required voltage by the transmission voltage on bus, depending on this transmission voltage is then according to payload, transmission range and electric network composition etc..Owing to the performance of existing ripe switching device limits, that traditional single module DC converter is pressure is relatively low, power is less.Along with improving constantly of transmission voltage and bearing power, DC DPS is increasingly difficult to change realizing voltage by traditional single module DC converter.
Combined vertical current converter refers to select suitable single module DC converter as power electronics basic module (Power Electronics Building Block, PEBB), inputted by multiple PEBB, the series, parallel of output combines, input required for realization, the voltage of output, power requirements, there is the feature of standardization, versatility and expandability, R&D costs and R&D cycle can be significantly reduced.The shortcoming of existing Combined vertical current converter is: for Hard link between the input of each PEBB, output, i.e. once it is determined that after the compound mode of these PEBB, automatically cannot reconstruct according to practical application request during use, therefore relatively low to the adaptation ability of input voltage grade, and it is low to use manual site to revise compound mode not only time length, reliability, and in seabed, aerial or ground inferior be difficult to arrive or under rugged environment difficulty very big；After single PEBB breaks down, in running cannot automatism isolation, be easily caused complete machine lost efficacy, therefore reliability is substantially reduced.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to propose that a kind of reliability is high, adaptable multimode Combined vertical current converter to input voltage, described changer for the combinative structure between the automatic reconstructed module of input voltage grade, and can be monitored and isolated fault module in running automatically.
The technical solution of the utility model is:
Combined vertical current converter, is connected in sequence by starting module, reconstructed module, N number of fault-tolerant module (N >=2) and N number of DC converting module (N >=2), and described fault-tolerant module is identical with DC converting number of modules, and one_to_one corresponding, wherein:
Described startup module is by voltage sensor, accessory power supply, microcontroller and the first relay S1Composition, input voltage port a and b of accessory power supply is connected to power supply, and the output voltage port c of accessory power supply is connected to the supply input port a of voltage sensor, and the output voltage port d of accessory power supply is connected to the supply input port b of microcontroller；Tested voltage port e of described voltage sensor and d are connected to power supply, and for detecting the input voltage of power supply, the signal output port c of voltage sensor is connected to the analog input port c of microcontroller, described first relay S1Connect reconstructed module, be used for closing or disconnecting reconstructed module；The input voltage of power supply and output voltage are respectivelyU in WithU out , described accessory power supply is for by input voltageU in It is transformed to output voltageU aux , described voltage sensor is used for detecting input voltageU in ；
Described reconstructed module is made up of several second relays, and contact b and c of described second relay is respectively connecting to input anode or the input negative terminal of certain two fault-tolerant module, and it changes the input string parallel of N number of DC converting module by Guan Bi or disconnection；
Described each fault-tolerant module is made up of a SRE Ss and one relay Sp in parallel, the contact b of described relay Sp in parallel is connected to the input port b of the DC converting module of correspondence, the contact a of described relay in parallel is connected to the contact b, the contact c of described SRE Ss of described SRE Ss and is connected to the input port a of described DC converting module；
It is then connected to power load after the output interface parallel connection of described DC converting module.
In this utility model, described accessory power supply is the small-power double-transistor flyback switch dc convertor of transformer isolation, described microcontroller is low-power consumption type microcontroller, and described voltage sensor is Hall type voltage sensor, and described microcontroller and voltage sensor are commercially available prod.
In this utility model, described first relay, second relay and relay in parallel are the solid-state relay of open type, it is in off-state before described Combined vertical current converter starts, described SRE is the solid-state relay of closed type, it is in closure state before described Combined vertical current converter starts, on described microcontroller, each digital port signal connects corresponding first relay respectively, second relay, relay in parallel and SRE, to control the first relay, second relay, relay in parallel and the closed and disconnected of SRE.
In this utility model, described N number of DC converting module is the full-bridge topology of transformer isolation, half-bridge topology or the HF switch DC converter of double tube positive exciting topology, and use same circuit and there is identical parameter, its input voltage range be [U in_PFBB_min ,U in_PFBB_max ] and output voltage be constantU out_PFBB , the output-parallel of described N number of DC converting module, the output voltage of the most described Combined vertical current converterU out =U out_PEBB 。
In this utility model, the compound mode of described N number of DC converting module is N=a1×b1=a2×b2=...=aM×bM(a1＜ a2＜ ... ＜ aM, b1＜ b2＜ ... ＜ bM), every a in the most described N number of DC converter1、a2... or aMThe input series connection of individual module forms intermediate module, and respectively by b1、b2... or bMThe input of individual intermediate module is in parallel, and the most described N number of DC converter has M kind compound mode, and the input voltage range of described Combined vertical current converter is respectively [a under above-mentioned M kind compound mode1×U in_PFBB_min , a1×U in_PFBB_max ]、[a2×U in_PFBB_min , a2×U in_PFBB_max ]、……、[aM×U in_PFBB_min , aM×U in_PFBB_max ], wherein a1=1, b1=N and aM=N, bM=1 represents that N number of DC converting module inputs DC converting module in parallel and N number of input two kinds of extreme cases of series connection respectively.
In this utility model, the energising of described microcontroller detects the voltage on port c after runningU m , thus obtain input voltageU in =U m × K: ifU in Belong to [a1×U in_PFBB_min , a1×U in_PFBB_max ]、[a2×U in_PFBB_min , a2×U in_PFBB_max ]、……、[aM×U in_PFBB_min , aM×U in_PFBB_max In], some is interval, then by described microprocessor controls the second relay by the corresponding interval input compound mode reconstructing N number of DC converting module, if input voltageU in Fall into [a1×U in_PFBB_min , a1×U in_PFBB_max ]、[a2×U in_PFBB_min , a2×U in_PFBB_max ]、……、[aM×U in_PFBB_min , aM×U in_PFBB_max Certain several interval in], then reconstructed the input compound mode of N number of DC converting module by the interval (the most forward interval) of minimum voltage by described microprocessor controls the second relay, maintained closure state and all relays in parallel to maintain off-state, the most again by described microprocessor controls the first relay S by all SREs in the N number of fault-tolerant module of described microprocessor controls simultaneously1Transfer closure state to from off-state, thus supply electricity to described N number of DC converting module；IfU in It is not belonging to [a1×U in_PFBB_min , a1×U in_PFBB_max ]、[a2×U in_PFBB_min , a2×U in_PFBB_max ]、……、[aM×U in_PFBB_min , aM×U in_PFBB_max In], any one is interval, illustrates to there is input overvoltage or input undervoltage, then by described microprocessor controls the first relay S1Maintain off-state, it is achieved input overvoltage protection or input undervoltage protection.
In this utility model, the input voltage of N number of DC converting module also monitored in Combined vertical current converter running in real time by described microcontrollerU in1 、U in2 、……、U inN And input currentI in1 、I in2 、……、I inN , if monitoring M(1≤M≤N) individual DC converting module input current is close to 0, then explanation m-th DC converting module generation open fault, if monitoring M(1≤M≤N) individual DC converting module input voltage is close to 0, then explanation m-th DC converting module is short-circuited fault, when described microcontroller monitors m-th DC converting module generation open fault or short trouble: if m-th DC converting module has other DC converting modules directly in parallel, then maintained off-state by the relay in parallel of the described fault-tolerant module of microprocessor controls m-th, and the SRE controlling the fault-tolerant module of m-th is transferred to off-state by closure state；If m-th DC converting module has other DC converting modules directly connected, then transferred to closure state by the relay in parallel of the described fault-tolerant module of microprocessor controls m-th from off-state, and the SRE controlling the fault-tolerant module of m-th is transferred to off-state by closure state.
In this utility model, the minimum input voltage of described Combined vertical current converterU in_min The minimum voltage that can run for described single DC converting moduleU in_PFBB_min , the maximum input voltage of described Combined vertical current converterU in_max The ceiling voltage that can run for described single DC converting moduleU in_PFBB_max N times, i.e.U in_max =N ×U in_PFBB_max 。
Ultimate principle of the present utility model is:
Combined vertical current converter described in the utility model, is first detected input voltage value by microcontroller on startup.If input voltage value exceedes the input voltage range that Combined vertical current converter allows, then there is input overvoltage or input undervoltage in explanation, and microcontroller maintains the first relay to be off；If input voltage value is in the input voltage range that Combined vertical current converter allows, then by microcontroller according to obtained input voltage size, control the input compound mode of N number of DC converting module needed for the second relay realizes so that Combined vertical current converter can adapt to the input voltage range bigger than single DC converting module.In the case of DC converting module has redundancy, in Combined vertical current converter running, microcontroller is by detecting input voltage and the input current of N number of DC converting module, it is judged that whether N number of DC converting module is short-circuited or open circuit fault.Once microcontroller monitors certain DC converting module and breaks down, then by the corresponding SRE of microprocessor controls and relay in parallel, excised in time by malfunctioning module, it is ensured that Combined vertical current converter remainder remains to properly functioning.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
Combined vertical current converter described in the utility model can judge whether power supply exists overvoltage or under-voltage on startup, if input voltage grade is in the input voltage range that Combined vertical current converter allows, described Combined vertical current converter can reconstruct the input combinative structure of each DC converting module automatically to better adapt to input voltage grade, and the input voltage range of the most described Combined vertical current converter is big, use motility strong.When described Combined vertical current converter has certain redundant direct current conversion module, described microcontroller can be monitored and the DC converting module of isolated fault in running automatically, ensureing that described Combined vertical current converter remainder remains to properly functioning, the fault-tolerant ability of the most described Combined vertical current converter is strong, reliability is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the general frame of this utility model Combined vertical current converter.
Fig. 2 is a kind of full-bridge topologies of DC converting module.
Fig. 3 is a kind of double tube positive exciting topological structure of DC converting module
Fig. 4 is a kind of half-bridge topology of DC converting module.
Fig. 5 is a kind of double-transistor flyback topological structure of accessory power supply.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of solid-state relay (including the first relay, the second relay, SRE and relay in parallel).
Fig. 7 is embodiment 1: combined DC converter principle figure (N=2) being made up of two DC converting modules.
Fig. 8 is the first compound mode of embodiment 1: the equivalent circuit (N=1 × 2) of input parallel way.
Fig. 9 is the second compound mode of embodiment 1: the equivalent circuit (N=2 × 1) of input series system.
Figure 10 be embodiment 1 the first compound mode in module 2 break down the equivalent circuit after being isolated.
Figure 11 be embodiment 1 the second compound mode in module 2 break down the equivalent circuit after being isolated.
Figure 12 is embodiment 2: combined DC converter principle figure (N=4) being made up of four DC converting modules.
Figure 13 is the first compound mode of embodiment 2: the equivalent circuit (N=1 × 4) of input parallel way.
Figure 14 is the second compound mode of embodiment 2: the equivalent circuit (N=2 × 2) of input parallel way.
Figure 15 is the third compound mode of embodiment 2: the equivalent circuit (N=4 × 1) of input parallel way.
Figure 16 be embodiment 2 the first compound mode in module 3 break down the equivalent circuit after being isolated.
Figure 17 be embodiment 2 the second compound mode in module 3 break down the equivalent circuit after being isolated.
Figure 18 be embodiment 2 the third compound mode in module 3 break down the equivalent circuit after being isolated.
Label in figure: 1 for start module, 2 be reconstructed module, 3 be the first fault-tolerant module, 4 be the first DC converting module, 5 be the second fault-tolerant module, 6 be the second DC converting module, 7 be the 3rd fault-tolerant module, 8 be the 3rd DC converting module, 9 be the 4th fault-tolerant module, 10 be the 4th DC converting module, 11 be voltage sensor, 12 be accessory power supply, 13 for microcontroller.
Detailed description of the invention
With embodiment, this utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figures 1 to 7, described Combined vertical current converter by starting module, reconstructed module, N number of fault-tolerant module (N >=2), N number of DC converting module (N >=2) are connected in sequence, fault-tolerant module is identical with the number of DC converting module, the input interface starting module is connected to power supply, is then connected to power load after the output interface parallel connection of DC converting module.The input voltage of Combined vertical current converter and output voltage are respectivelyU in WithU out .Start module by voltage sensor, accessory power supply, microcontroller and the first relay S1Composition, accessory power supply is for by input voltageU in It is transformed to output voltageU aux , its input voltage port a and b is connected to power supply, and its output voltage port c and d is connected to supply input port a and b of voltage sensor and microcontroller.The input voltage of voltage sensor and microcontroller isU aux , powered by accessory power supply.Voltage sensor is used for detecting input voltageU in , its tested voltage port c and d be connected to power supply, and its signal output port e is connected to the analog input port c of microcontroller, and the voltage difference between its signal output port e and port b isU m (U m =U in / K, wherein K is constant).First relay S1For closing or disconnect reconstructed module, fault-tolerant module, DC converting module and the power supply of power load.Reconstructed module is made up of some second relays, and contact b and c of the second relay is respectively connecting to input anode or the input negative terminal of certain two fault-tolerant module, and it changes the input string parallel of N number of DC converting module by Guan Bi or disconnection.Fault-tolerant module is made up of a SRE Ss and one relay Sp in parallel, the contact b of relay in parallel is connected to the input port b of the DC converting module of correspondence, the contact a of relay in parallel is connected to the contact b, the contact c of SRE of described SRE and is connected to the input port a of described DC converting module.
Described first relay, the second relay and relay in parallel are the solid-state relay of open type, and it is in off-state before Combined vertical current converter starts.SRE is the solid-state relay of closed type, and it is in closure state before described Combined vertical current converter starts.Digital port signals different on microcontroller controls the first relay, the second relay, relay in parallel and the closed and disconnected of SRE.
Fig. 2-Fig. 4 is respectively three kinds of HF switch DC converting topological structure of DC converting module.Wherein, Fig. 2 is full-bridge topologies, and Fig. 3 is double tube positive exciting topological structure, and Fig. 4 is symmetrical half bridge topological structure.These three topological structure all uses transformer isolation.N number of DC converting module has identical circuit, structure, control mode, input voltage and output voltage, is the HF switch DC converter of high-power full-bridge, double tube positive exciting or the half-bridge topology of transformer isolation.The input voltage range of N number of DC converting module be [U in_PFBB_min ,U in_PFBB_max ] and output voltage be constantU out_PFBB , the output-parallel of described N number of DC converting module, the output voltage of the most described Combined vertical current converterU out =U out_PEBB 。
As it is shown in figure 5, the small-power double-transistor flyback switch dc convertor that accessory power supply is transformer isolation, microcontroller is low-power consumption type microcontroller, and voltage sensor is that Hall type voltage sensor, microcontroller and voltage sensor are commercially available prod.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of solid-state relay (including the first relay, the second relay, SRE and relay in parallel), it uses insulated gate bipolar transistor Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, IGBT, as semiconductor switch device, is driven by the special drive circuit of IGBT.When microcontroller sends high level to the port a of solid-state relay by digital port, the drive circuit of solid-state relay makes IGBT turn on, thus closes port b and c of solid-state relay；When microcontroller sends low level to the port a of solid-state relay by digital port, the drive circuit of solid-state relay makes IGBT end, thus disconnects port b and c of solid-state relay.
In this utility model, the compound mode of described N number of DC converting module is N=a1×b1=a2×b2=...=aM×bM(a1＜ a2＜ ... ＜ aM, b1＜ b2＜ ... ＜ bM), every a in the most N number of DC converter1、a2... or aMThe input series connection of individual module forms big module, and respectively by b1、b2... or bMThe input of individual big module is in parallel, and the most N number of DC converter has M kind compound mode.The input voltage range of Combined vertical current converter is respectively [a under above-mentioned M kind compound mode1×U in_PFBB_min , a1×U in_PFBB_max ]、[a2×U in_PFBB_min , a2×U in_PFBB_max ]、……、[aM×U in_PFBB_min , aM×U in_PFBB_max ], wherein a1=1, b1=N and aM=N, bM=1 represents that N number of DC converting module inputs DC converting module in parallel and N number of input two kinds of extreme cases of series connection respectively.
In this utility model, the energising of described microcontroller detects the voltage on port c after runningU m , thus obtain input voltageU in =U m × K: ifU in Belong to [a1×U in_PFBB_min , a1×U in_PFBB_max ]、[a2×U in_PFBB_min , a2×U in_PFBB_max ]、……、[aM×U in_PFBB_min , aM×U in_PFBB_max In], some is interval, then by microprocessor controls the second relay by the corresponding interval input compound mode reconstructing N number of DC converting module, if input voltageU in Fall into [a1×U in_PFBB_min , a1×U in_PFBB_max ]、[a2×U in_PFBB_min , a2×U in_PFBB_max ]、……、[aM×U in_PFBB_min , aM×U in_PFBB_max Certain several interval in], then reconstructed the input compound mode of N number of DC converting module by the interval (the most forward interval) of minimum voltage by microprocessor controls the second relay, maintained closure state and all relays in parallel to maintain off-state, the most again by microprocessor controls the first relay S by all SREs in the N number of fault-tolerant module of microprocessor controls simultaneously1Transfer closure state to from off-state, thus supply electricity to described N number of DC converting module；IfU in It is not belonging to [a1×U in_PFBB_min , a1×U in_PFBB_max ]、[a2×U in_PFBB_min , a2×U in_PFBB_max ]、……、[aM×U in_PFBB_min , aM×U in_PFBB_max In], any one is interval, illustrates to there is input overvoltage or input undervoltage, then by microprocessor controls the first relay S1Maintain off-state, thus protect described combined variable parallel operation.
In this utility model, the minimum input voltage of described Combined vertical current converterU in_min The minimum voltage that can run for single DC converting moduleU in_PFBB_min , the maximum input voltage of described Combined vertical current converterU in_max The ceiling voltage that can run for single DC converting moduleU in_PFBB_max N times, i.e.U in_max =N ×U in_PFBB_max 。
In this utility model, the input voltage of N number of DC converting module also monitored in Combined vertical current converter running in real time by described microcontrollerU in1 、U in2 、……、U inN And input currentI in1 、I in2 、……、I inN , if monitoring M(1≤M≤N) individual DC converting module input current is 0, then explanation m-th DC converting module generation open fault, if monitoring M(1≤M≤N) individual DC converting module input voltage is 0, then explanation m-th DC converting module is short-circuited fault, when described microcontroller monitors m-th DC converting module generation open fault or short trouble: if m-th DC converting module has other DC converting modules directly in parallel, then maintained off-state by the relay in parallel of the described fault-tolerant module of microprocessor controls m-th, and the SRE controlling the fault-tolerant module of m-th is transferred to off-state by closure state；If m-th DC converting module has other DC converting modules directly connected, then transferred to closure state by the relay in parallel of the described fault-tolerant module of microprocessor controls m-th from off-state, and the SRE controlling the fault-tolerant module of m-th is transferred to off-state by closure state.
Fig. 7-Figure 11 is embodiment 1, and the Combined vertical current converter in this embodiment comprises two DC converting modules, i.e. DC converting number of modules N=2.Due to N=1 × 2=2 × 1, therefore compound mode has M=2 kind.Fig. 8 is N=2 × 1(i.e. a1=1, b1=2) combinative structure time, represent 2 DC converting modules directly input parallel connection situation, in this case the input voltage range of Combined vertical current converter be [U in_PFBB_min ,U in_PFBB_max ].Fig. 9 is N=1 × 2(i.e. a2=2, b2=1) combinative structure time, represents that 2 DC converting modules directly input the situation of series connection, and the input voltage range of Combined vertical current converter is [2 in this caseU in_PFBB_min , 2U in_PFBB_max ].Under initial situation, before i.e. Combined vertical current converter starts, the digital port d to j of microcontroller, z are in high-impedance state, therefore the first relay S of open type1, the second relay S2To S4With relay S in parallelP1To SP2It is in off-state, the SRE S of closed typeS1To SS2It is in closure state.
After power supply powers on, accessory power supply runs, and powers to microcontroller and voltage sensor, and microcontroller and voltage sensor start.Voltage after microcontroller starts, on first detection port cU m , obtain input voltageU in =U m ×K.IfU in Be not belonging to [U in_PFBB_min ,U in_PFBB_max ] and [2U in_PFBB_min , 2U in_PFBB_max In], any one is interval, i.e.U in ≤U in_PFBB_min OrU in ≥2U in_PFBB_max , illustrating that there is input voltage exists overvoltage or under-voltage, then the digital port z of microcontroller maintains high-impedance state so that the first relay S of open type1Maintain off-state, it is achieved overvoltage protection and under-voltage protection.IfU in Belong to interval [U in_PFBB_min ,U in_PFBB_max ], i.e.U in_PFBB_min ≤U in ≤U in_PFBB_max Then pressed the input compound mode of this compound mode of Fig. 82 DC converting modules of reconstruct by port controlling the second relay by microcontroller, i.e. digital port e and f of microcontroller exports high level, digital port d output low level, it is achieved the input of 2 DC converting modules is in parallel.If input voltageU in Belong to interval [2U in_PFBB_min , 2U in_PFBB_max ] and be not belonging to interval [U in_PFBB_min ,U in_PFBB_max ], i.e. 2U in_PFBB_min ≤U in ≤2U in_PFBB_max Then pressed the input compound mode of this compound mode of Fig. 92 DC converting modules of reconstruct by port controlling the second relay by microcontroller, i.e. digital port e and f output low level, the digital port d of microcontroller exports high level, it is achieved the input series connection of 2 DC converting modules.IfU in Belong simultaneously to interval [U in_PFBB_min ,U in_PFBB_max ] and interval [2U in_PFBB_min , 2U in_PFBB_max ], i.e. 2U in_PFBB_min ≤U in ≤U in_PFBB_max , andU in_PFBB_max ≤2U in_PFBB_min , then by microprocessor controls the second relay press minimum voltage interval (i.e. interval [U in_PFBB_min ,U in_PFBB_max ]) reconstruct 2 DC converting modules input compound mode, i.e. by microcontroller by port controlling the second relay press this compound mode of Fig. 8 reconstruct 2 DC converting modules input compound mode.Meanwhile, all SREs in 2 fault-tolerant modules of microprocessor controls maintain closure state and all relays in parallel to maintain off-state, i.e. pass through digital interface g and i output low level, export high level by digital interface h and j.Finally, then by microprocessor controls the first relay S1Transfer closure state to from off-state, i.e. export high level by digital interface z, thus supply electricity to 2 DC converting modules.Visible, the minimum input voltage of combinations thereof formula DC converterU in_min The minimum voltage that can run for single DC converting moduleU in_PFBB_min , the maximum input voltage of described Combined vertical current converterU in_max The ceiling voltage that can run for single DC converting moduleU in_PFBB_max 2 times, i.e.U in_max =2U in_PFBB_max 。
In the present embodiment, the input voltage of 2 DC converting modules also monitored in Combined vertical current converter running in real time by described microcontrollerU in1 、U in2 And input currentI in1 、I in2 If monitoring the 1st or the 2nd DC converting module input current being 0, then the 1st or the 2nd DC converting module generation open fault of explanation, if monitoring the 1st or the 2nd DC converting module input voltage is 0, then explanation the 1st or the 2nd DC converting module are short-circuited fault.When microcontroller monitors the 1st or the 2nd DC converting module generation open fault or short trouble: if this DC converting module has other DC converting modules directly in parallel, the relay in parallel of the fault-tolerant module being then joined directly together with this DC converting module by microprocessor controls maintains off-state, and the SRE controlling this fault-tolerant module is transferred to off-state by closure state；If this DC converting module has other DC converting modules directly connected, the relay in parallel of the fault-tolerant module being then joined directly together with this DC converting module by described microprocessor controls transfers closure state to from off-state, and the SRE controlling this fault-tolerant module is transferred to off-state by closure state.As a example by the 2nd DC converting module generation open fault or short trouble: if the combinative structure during Combined vertical current converter is as Fig. 8 when breaking down, i.e. two DC converting module input parallel connections, then microcontroller passes through digital port i and j output low level, disconnects relay S in parallelP2With SRE SS2, isolate the 2nd DC converter broken down, equivalent circuit Figure 10 after Fault Isolation；The combinative structure during if Combined vertical current converter is Fig. 9 when breaking down, i.e. two DC converting module input series connection, then microcontroller is by digital port i output high level with by digital port j output low level, Guan Bi relay S in parallelP2And disconnect SRE SS2, isolate the 2nd DC converter broken down, equivalent circuit Figure 11 after Fault Isolation.When 2 DC converting modules are " 1+1 " redundancy, microcontroller can be monitored and the DC converting module of isolated fault in running automatically, it is ensured that described remainder remains to properly functioning, it is achieved fault tolerance.
Figure 12-Figure 18 is embodiment 2, and the Combined vertical current converter in this embodiment comprises four DC converting modules, i.e. DC converting number of modules N=4.Due to N=1 × 4=2 × 2=4 × 1, therefore compound mode has M=3 kind.Figure 13 is N=1 × 4(i.e. a1=1, b1=4) combinative structure time, represent 4 DC converting modules directly input parallel connection situation, in this case the input voltage range of Combined vertical current converter be [U in_PFBB_min ,U in_PFBB_max ].Figure 14 is N=2 × 2(i.e. a2=2, b2=1) combinative structure time, represents every 2 DC converting modules input series connection, and such two big modules of 4 DC converting block combiner, the input of the big module of the two is in parallel, and the input voltage range of Combined vertical current converter is [2 in this caseU in_PFBB_min , 2U in_PFBB_max ].Figure 15 is N=4 × 1(i.e. a1=4, b1=1) combinative structure time, represents that 4 DC converting modules directly input the situation of series connection, and the input voltage range of Combined vertical current converter is [4 in this caseU in_PFBB_min , 4U in_PFBB_max ].Under initial situation, before i.e. Combined vertical current converter starts, the digital port d to v and z of microcontroller are in high-impedance state, therefore the first relay S of open type1, the second relay S2To S12With relay S in parallelP1To SP4It is in off-state, the SRE S of closed typeS1To SS4It is in closure state.
After power supply powers on, accessory power supply runs, and powers to microcontroller and voltage sensor, and microcontroller and voltage sensor start.Voltage after microcontroller starts, on first detection port cU m , obtain input voltageU in =U m ×K.IfU in Be not belonging to [U in_PFBB_min ,U in_PFBB_max ]、[2U in_PFBB_min , 2U in_PFBB_max ] and [4U in_PFBB_min , 4U in_PFBB_max In], any one is interval, i.e.U in ≤U in_PFBB_min OrU in ≥4U in_PFBB_max , illustrating that there is input voltage exists overvoltage or under-voltage, then the digital port z of microcontroller maintains high-impedance state so that the first relay S of open type1Maintain off-state, it is achieved overvoltage protection and under-voltage protection.IfU in Belong to interval [U in_PFBB_min ,U in_PFBB_max ], i.e.U in_PFBB_min ≤U in ≤U in_PFBB_max , then second relay input compound mode by this compound mode of Figure 13 4 DC converting modules of reconstruct, i.e. S are controlled by microcontroller by digital port7To S12Six relays all close, it is achieved the input of 4 DC converting modules is in parallel.If input voltageU in Belong to interval [2U in_PFBB_min , 2U in_PFBB_max ] and be not belonging to interval [U in_PFBB_min ,U in_PFBB_max ], then pressed the input compound mode of this compound mode of Figure 14 4 DC converting modules of reconstruct, i.e. S by port controlling the second relay by microcontroller2、S4、S5And S6Four relays all close, it is achieved: the input series connection of the 1st and the 2nd DC converting module forms big module 1, and the input series connection of the 3rd and the 4th DC converting module forms big module 2, and the input of two big modules is in parallel.IfU in Only belong to interval [4U in_PFBB_min , 4U in_PFBB_max ], then by microprocessor controls the second relay by interval [4U in_PFBB_min , 4U in_PFBB_max ]) reconstruct 4 DC converting modules input compound mode, i.e. by microcontroller by port controlling the second relay press this compound mode of Figure 15 reconstruct 4 DC converting modules input compound mode, i.e. S2To S4Three relays all close, it is achieved the input series connection of 4 DC converting modules.Meanwhile, all SREs in 4 fault-tolerant modules of microprocessor controls closure state and all relays in parallel is maintained to maintain off-state.Finally, then by microprocessor controls the first relay S1Transfer closure state to from off-state, i.e. export high level by digital interface z, thus supply electricity to 4 DC converting modules.Visible, the minimum input voltage of combinations thereof formula DC converterU in_min The minimum voltage that can run for single DC converting moduleU in_PFBB_min , the maximum input voltage of described Combined vertical current converterU in_max The ceiling voltage that can run for single DC converting moduleU in_PFBB_max 4 times, i.e.U in_max =4U in_PFBB_max 。
In the present embodiment, the input voltage of 2 DC converting modules also monitored in Combined vertical current converter running in real time by described microcontrollerU in1 、U in2 、U in3 、U in4 And input currentI in1 、I in2 、I in3 、I in4 If monitoring some DC converting module input current is 0, then this DC converting module generation open fault is described, if monitoring some DC converting module input voltage is 0, then illustrates that this DC converting module is short-circuited fault.When microcontroller monitors some DC converting module generation open fault or short trouble: if this DC converting module has other DC converting modules directly in parallel, the relay in parallel of the fault-tolerant module being then joined directly together with this DC converting module by microprocessor controls maintains off-state, and the SRE controlling this fault-tolerant module is transferred to off-state by closure state；If this DC converting module has other DC converting modules directly connected, the relay in parallel of the fault-tolerant module being then joined directly together with this DC converting module by described microprocessor controls transfers closure state to from off-state, and the SRE controlling this fault-tolerant module is transferred to off-state by closure state.As a example by the 3rd DC converting module generation open fault or short trouble: if break down, Combined vertical current converter is the combinative structure in Figure 13, i.e. 4 DC converting module input parallel connections, then microcontroller disconnects relay S in parallel by digital portp3With SRE Ss3, isolate the 2nd DC converter broken down, equivalent circuit Figure 16 after Fault Isolation；If break down, Combined vertical current converter is the combinative structure in Figure 14 or Figure 15, and i.e. the 3rd DC converting module has and input other DC converting modules connected with it, then microprocessor controls Guan Bi relay S in parallelp3And disconnect SRE SS3, isolate the 3rd DC converter broken down, the equivalent circuit after Fault Isolation is shown in Figure 17 and Figure 18 respectively.When 4 DC converting modules are for having redundancy backup, microcontroller can be monitored and the DC converting module of isolated fault in running automatically, it is ensured that described remainder remains to properly functioning, it is achieved fault tolerance.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is to be understood that for ease of those skilled in the art and apply this utility model.These embodiments obviously easily can be made various amendment by person skilled in the art, and General Principle described herein is applied in other embodiments without through performing creative labour.Therefore, this utility model is not limited to embodiment here, and those skilled in the art should be within protection domain of the present utility model according to announcement of the present utility model, the improvement made without departing from this utility model category and amendment.
Claims (6)
1. Combined vertical current converter, it is characterized in that being connected in sequence by startup module, reconstructed module, N number of fault-tolerant module (N >=2) and N number of DC converting module (N >=2), described fault-tolerant module is identical with DC converting number of modules, and one_to_one corresponding, wherein:
Described startup module is by voltage sensor, accessory power supply, microcontroller and the first relay S1Composition, input voltage port a and b of accessory power supply is connected to power supply, and the output voltage port c of accessory power supply is connected to the supply input port a of voltage sensor, and the output voltage port d of accessory power supply is connected to the supply input port b of microcontroller；Tested voltage port e of described voltage sensor and d are connected to power supply, and for detecting the input voltage of power supply, the signal output port c of voltage sensor is connected to the analog input port c of microcontroller, described first relay S1Connect reconstructed module, be used for closing or disconnecting reconstructed module；The input voltage of power supply and output voltage are respectivelyU in WithU out , described accessory power supply is for by input voltageU in It is transformed to output voltageU aux , described voltage sensor is used for detecting input voltageU in ；
Described reconstructed module is made up of several second relays, and contact b and c of described second relay is respectively connecting to input anode or the input negative terminal of certain two fault-tolerant module, and it changes the input string parallel of N number of DC converting module by Guan Bi or disconnection；
Described each fault-tolerant module is made up of a SRE Ss and one relay Sp in parallel, the contact b of described relay Sp in parallel is connected to the input port b of the DC converting module of correspondence, the contact a of described relay in parallel is connected to the contact b, the contact c of described SRE Ss of described SRE Ss and is connected to the input port a of described DC converting module；
It is then connected to power load after the output interface parallel connection of described DC converting module.
Combined vertical current converter the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described first relay, second relay and relay in parallel are the solid-state relay of open type, it is in off-state before described Combined vertical current converter starts, described SRE is the solid-state relay of closed type, it is in closure state before described Combined vertical current converter starts, on described microcontroller, each digital port signal connects corresponding first relay respectively, second relay, relay in parallel and SRE, to control the first relay, second relay, relay in parallel and the closed and disconnected of SRE.
Combined vertical current converter the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described N number of DC converting module is the full-bridge topology of transformer isolation, half-bridge topology or the HF switch DC converter of double tube positive exciting topology, and use same circuit and there is identical parameter, its input voltage range be [U in_PFBB_min ,U in_PFBB_max ] and output voltage be constantU out_PFBB , the output-parallel of described N number of DC converting module, the output voltage of described Combined vertical current converterU out =U out_PEBB 。
Combined vertical current converter the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the small-power double-transistor flyback switch dc convertor that described accessory power supply is transformer isolation, described microcontroller is low-power consumption type microcontroller, and described voltage sensor is Hall type voltage sensor.
Combined vertical current converter the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the compound mode of described N number of DC converting module is N=a1×b1=a2×b2=...=aM×bM(a1＜ a2＜ ... ＜ aM, b1＜ b2＜ ... ＜ bM), every a in the most described N number of DC converter1、a2... or aMThe input series connection of individual module forms intermediate module, and respectively by b1、b2... or bMThe input of individual intermediate module is in parallel, and the most described N number of DC converter has M kind compound mode, and the input voltage range of described Combined vertical current converter is respectively [a under above-mentioned M kind compound mode1×U in_PFBB_min , a1×U in_PFBB_max ]、[a2×U in_PFBB_min , a2×U in_PFBB_max ]、……、[aM×U in_PFBB_min , aM×U in_PFBB_max ], wherein a1=1, b1=N and aM=N, bM=1 represents that N number of DC converting module inputs DC converting module in parallel and N number of input two kinds of extreme cases of series connection respectively, and the energising of described microcontroller detects the voltage on port c after runningU m , thus obtain input voltageU in =U m × K: ifU in Belong to [a1×U in_PFBB_min , a1×U in_PFBB_max ]、[a2×U in_PFBB_min , a2×U in_PFBB_max ]、……、[aM×U in_PFBB_min , aM×U in_PFBB_max In], some is interval, then by described microprocessor controls the second relay by the corresponding interval input compound mode reconstructing N number of DC converting module, if input voltageU in Fall into [a1×U in_PFBB_min , a1×U in_PFBB_max ]、[a2×U in_PFBB_min , a2×U in_PFBB_max ]、……、[aM×U in_PFBB_min , aM×U in_PFBB_max Certain several interval in], then reconstructed the input compound mode of N number of DC converting module by the interval (the most forward interval) of minimum voltage by described microprocessor controls the second relay, maintained closure state and all relays in parallel to maintain off-state, the most again by described microprocessor controls the first relay S by all SREs in the N number of fault-tolerant module of described microprocessor controls simultaneously1Transfer closure state to from off-state, thus supply electricity to described N number of DC converting module；IfU in It is not belonging to [a1×U in_PFBB_min , a1×U in_PFBB_max ]、[a2×U in_PFBB_min , a2×U in_PFBB_max ]、……、[aM×U in_PFBB_min , aM×U in_PFBB_max In], any one is interval, illustrates to there is input overvoltage or input undervoltage, then by described microprocessor controls the first relay S1Maintain off-state, it is achieved input overvoltage protection or input undervoltage protection.
Combined vertical current converter the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the input voltage of N number of DC converting module also monitored in Combined vertical current converter running in real time by described microcontrollerU in1 、U in2 、……、U inN And input currentI in1 、I in2 、……、I inN , if monitoring M(1≤M≤N) individual DC converting module input current is close to 0, then explanation m-th DC converting module generation open fault, if monitoring M(1≤M≤N) individual DC converting module input voltage is close to 0, then explanation m-th DC converting module is short-circuited fault, when described microcontroller monitors m-th DC converting module generation open fault or short trouble: if m-th DC converting module has other DC converting modules directly in parallel, then maintained off-state by the relay in parallel of the described fault-tolerant module of microprocessor controls m-th, and the SRE controlling the fault-tolerant module of m-th is transferred to off-state by closure state；If m-th DC converting module has other DC converting modules directly connected, then transferred to closure state by the relay in parallel of the described fault-tolerant module of microprocessor controls m-th from off-state, and the SRE controlling the fault-tolerant module of m-th is transferred to off-state by closure state.
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| CN105827117A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-08-03 | 同济大学 | Combined direct current converter |
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| CN105827117A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-08-03 | 同济大学 | Combined direct current converter |
| CN105827117B (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2018-03-23 | 上海同济资产经营有限公司 | Combined vertical current converter |
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