CN205484657U - A humidity detection device for insulating monitoring of transformer - Google Patents
A humidity detection device for insulating monitoring of transformer Download PDFInfo
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- CN205484657U CN205484657U CN201520916601.7U CN201520916601U CN205484657U CN 205484657 U CN205484657 U CN 205484657U CN 201520916601 U CN201520916601 U CN 201520916601U CN 205484657 U CN205484657 U CN 205484657U
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- transformer
- humidity sensing
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000570 Cupronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical group [Ni].[Cu] YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc oxide Inorganic materials [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- -1 graphite alkene Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012536 packaging technology Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a humidity detection device of power transformer state of insulation monitoring, draw forth room, humidity sensing element, electric capacity including transformer tank, oil -gas separation membrane, infiltration gas voltage conversion circuit, ATmega 128 microprocessor, HC 12 wireless communication module, audible -visual annunciator. Is humidity sensing element in order to adopt the nano - zinc oxide who builds from packaging technology oxidation graphite alkene composite films prepares on the ceramic base who has back shape interdigital electrode as wet quick sensing film. This system in with transformer oil the infiltration gaseous behind the oil -gas separation membrane filtration the leading -in room of drawing, place humidity sensing element in the transformer oil infiltration gaseous room of drawing, realize through the capacitance variation who detects wet quick film that the humidity of transformer oil environment detects, data acquisition, storage, demonstration have, data transfer will be monitored for host computer and wireless long -distance communication to the acousto -optic warning function. The device judges the power transformer state of insulation and makes the early warning according to corresponding humidity change, has anti -electromagnetic interference, high sensitivity, characteristics such as reliable and stable.
Description
Technical field
This utility model relates to a kind of humidity detector, is specifically related to a kind of humidity detector for Transformer Condition Monitoring in Guangzhou Power.
Background technology
High-power transformer is as the hub device of power system, and its safe operation is to ensureing that power system safety and stability is particularly important, and once transformator breaks down, and will cause huge loss to national economy.Electric power transformer insulated status monitoring is attention in intelligent grid is built.The power transformer 90% used in each power plant of China and transformer station is oil-filled transformer, the insulation system of such transformator is based on insulating oil and insulating paper, in longtime running, the change of its humidity can cause insulating properties serious deterioration, causes electrical equipment fault even to explode.Therefore, the humidity detection of electric power transformer insulated oil environment is Transformer Fault Diagnosis, the more effective important means of prevention catastrophic failure generation and decision-making foundation, most important for stabilization of power grids safe operation, raising utilization rate of equipment and installations and reduction overhaul of the equipments expense.
The dew cell of humidity sensor mainly has resistance-type and a big class of condenser type two, and the capacitance type humidity sensor the most successful class humidity sensor that is current commercialization, owing to it has highly sensitive, low in energy consumption, low cost and other advantages.Continuous ripe along with MEMS process technology, with the humidity sensor of MEMS technology processing have that volume is little, low cost, low in energy consumption, be prone to the advantages such as batch production, be therefore especially suitable for miniaturization, low-power consumption humidity sensor.Dew cell is the core parts of humidity sensor detection external environment humidity, use high molecular polymer, ceramic material at present more, metal-oxide is as the humidity-sensitive material of capacitance type humidity sensor, high molecular polymerization species wet sensitive device uses relatively broad, but owing to the heat-resisting quantity of its moisture absorption layer is poor, this makes such sensor may not apply to hot environment, and occurs serious humidity hysteresis under conditions of high humidity；Semiconductive ceramic class wet sensitive device has the advantages such as stable performance, the high temperature suitability, detection range width, but is easily disturbed by ETS and organic gas, need to periodically heat and regenerate its humidity sensitivity；Metal-oxide wet sensitive device has characteristics such as high temperature resistant and highly sensitive, but can only be under job demand high temperature, and power consumption is big, the shortcomings such as the life-span is short.Develop and exploitation novel nano humidity-sensitive material has the most important realistic meaning, and be an important directions of humidity sensing element development.
Graphene, being isolated the most in an experiment by Univ Manchester UK physicist An Deliehaimu and Constantine's Nuo Woxiao love in 2004, two people obtain Nobel Prize in physics in 2010 jointly because of " in the initiative experiment of two-dimensional graphene material ".Grapheme material is perfect two dimensional crystal material, there is high electrical conductivity, the gas absorption performance of excellent mechanical property, bigger serface and brilliance, demonstrating the application prospect on the quick sensing element of air humidity, it is found to be the novel wet sensitive sensing element of research and development and system provides a kind of new way.Graphene oxide is as a class important derivatives of Graphene, and its basic structure is similar with Graphene, is considered as connecting at carbon atomic layer and carbon atomic layer edge have the functionalization graphene of oxygen-containing functional group.Due to rich oxygen-containing functional group so that graphene oxide not only has bigger serface, preferable chemical constitution and stability, also there is solution dispersing characteristic and the water-wet behavior of excellence.Thus it being compared to Graphene, graphene oxide becomes the humidity-sensitive material of a kind of more potentiality.Along with the development of nano combined sensitive material, composite sensitive material based on metal-oxide-graphene oxide will obtain the most excellent wet sensitive performance.The utility model discloses a kind of humidity detector for electric power transformer insulated status monitoring, use nano zine oxide-graphene composite thin film to make humidity sensing element as wet sensitive sense film, have that technique is simple, electromagnetism interference, high sensitivity, the technical advantage such as reliable and stable.
Utility model content
This utility model provides the humidity detector of a kind of Transformer Condition Monitoring in Guangzhou Power, draws room, humidity sensing element, capacitance-voltage change-over circuit, microprocessor, wireless communication module, audible-visual annunciator including oil tank of transformer, Oil-gas Separation film, infiltration gas.Described humidity sensing element is using nano zine oxide-graphene composite thin film as wet sensitive sense film, preparation is in the ceramic substrate with back-shaped interdigital electrode, the Humidity Detection of transformer oil environment is realized by the capacitance variations of detection humidity sensitive thin film, electric power transformer insulated state is judged and makes early warning that there is the advantages such as high sensitivity high, quick response, electromagnetism interference according to the change of corresponding humidity.
This utility model is to be achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose, deposition preparation technology from bottom to top is used to construct nano zine oxide-graphene composite thin film in the ceramic substrate with back-shaped interdigital electrode as wet sensitive sense film, it is placed in transformer oil infiltration gas and draws in room, it is connected with testing circuit and computer, realize Monitoring Data and send host computer and wireless remote transmission to, transformer insulation state is made assessment.
The ceramic substrate thickness of humidity sensing element described in the utility model is 130 microns, and on it, making has back-shaped interdigital electrode pattern and electrode pad.
The back-shaped interdigital electrode of humidity sensing element described in the utility model is copper nickel combination electrode, is made up of the first electrode and the second electrode, and electrode spacing is 25 microns, and thickness is 15 microns.
The wet sensitive sense film thickness of humidity sensing element described in the utility model is 0.5-0.7 micron, is the stratiform that constitutes of nano zine oxide and graphene oxide nano thin-film alternately.
Nano zinc oxide particles described in the utility model is with weak positive electric charge, and graphene oxide particle is with weak negative charge.
Nano zine oxide described in the utility model uses following methods to prepare: is first dissolved in 100mL deionized water by 6.7g zinc nitrate, and is slowly added to 30mL sodium hydroxide solution (3mol/L) to above-mentioned solution；Then transfer in pyroreaction still after above-mentioned mixed solution stirring 1-2h, at 160 DEG C, react 10h, naturally cool to room temperature afterwards；Last centrifugation, obtains nano oxidized zinc solution successively by gained sample after deionized water and absolute ethanol washing 4-5 time.
Nano zine oxide described in the utility model-graphene oxide film preparation method is as follows: first configure nano oxidized zinc solution and the graphene oxide dispersion of 0.4mg/mL concentration, oscillation treatment 40 minutes under 30kHz ultrasound wave respectively of 3mg/mL concentration；Then, soaking the above-mentioned ceramic substrate with back-shaped interdigital electrode in nano oxidized zinc solution 25 minutes, take out, deionized water cleans, and nitrogen dries up；Secondly, soaking the above-mentioned ceramic substrate with back-shaped interdigital electrode in graphene oxide solution 25 minutes, take out, deionized water cleans, and nitrogen dries up；Aforesaid operations is repeated 4 times, and the device of preparation is finally put into 80 DEG C of vacuum drying oven and processes 3.5 hours, obtains being coated with the wet sensitive sensing element of nano zine oxide-graphene composite thin film, and wherein nano zine oxide is 15:2 with the proportioning of graphene oxide.
Humidity sensing element described in the utility model is connected with capacitance-voltage change-over circuit, ATmega 128 microprocessor, audible-visual annunciator, HC-12 wireless communication module, there is data acquisition, store, show, sound and light of alarm, sends host computer and wireless remote transmission to by Monitoring Data.
The wet sensitive sensing element preparation technology that this utility model uses is simple and convenient, does not relies on the Preparation equipment of harshness, with low cost, and has fast response time, repeatability and the feature of good stability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is an example of this utility model embodiment, 1 is oil tank of transformer, 2 is transformator, and 3 is insulating oil, and 4 is Oil-gas Separation film, 5 is to permeate gas in transformer oil to draw room, 6 is nano zine oxide-graphene composite thin film humidity sensing element, and 7 is capacitance-voltage change-over circuit, and 8 is ATmega 128 microprocessor, 9 be audible-visual annunciator, 10 for HC-12 wireless communication module, 11 is computer.
Fig. 2 is the nano zine oxide in this utility model-graphene composite thin film humidity sensing element schematic cross-section, 1 is ceramic substrate, 2 is the first electrode of back-shaped interdigital electrode, and 3 is the second electrode of back-shaped interdigital electrode, and 4 is nano zine oxide-graphene composite thin film.
Fig. 3 is the scanning electron microscope image of the nano zine oxide-graphene composite thin film in this utility model.
Fig. 4 is the electric capacity response under different relative humiditys of the nano zine oxide in this utility model-graphene composite thin film humidity sensing element.
Fig. 5 is the nano zine oxide in this utility model-graphene composite thin film humidity sensing element electric capacity under 0%, 12%, 23%, 33%, 43%, 52%, 67%, 75%, 85%, 97% humidity and curve time response.
Detailed description of the invention
Following example will the utility model is described in further detail in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
See Fig. 1, this utility model embodiment Humidity Detection in transformator 2 insulating oil 3, it is placed in the transformer oil after Oil-gas Separation film 4 filters and permeates in gas extraction room 5, the Humidity Detection of transformer oil environment is realized by the capacitance variations of detection humidity sensitive thin film, judge transformer insulation state according to the change of corresponding humidity, and make early warning.
Seeing Fig. 2, this utility model embodiment is provided with ceramic substrate 1, the first electrode 2 of back-shaped interdigital electrode, the second electrode 3 of back-shaped interdigital electrode, nano zine oxide-graphene composite thin film 4.
Nano zine oxide described in this utility model embodiment-graphene composite thin film preparation method is as follows: first configure nano oxidized zinc solution and the graphene oxide dispersion of 0.4mg/mL concentration, oscillation treatment 40 minutes under 30kHz ultrasound wave respectively of 3mg/mL concentration；Then, soaking the above-mentioned ceramic substrate with back-shaped interdigital electrode in nano oxidized zinc solution 25 minutes, take out, deionized water cleans, and nitrogen dries up；Secondly, soaking the above-mentioned ceramic substrate with back-shaped interdigital electrode in graphene oxide solution 25 minutes, take out, deionized water cleans, and nitrogen dries up；Aforesaid operations is repeated 4 times, and the device of preparation is finally put into 80 DEG C of vacuum drying oven and processes 3.5 hours, obtain being coated with the wet sensitive sensing element of nano zine oxide-graphene composite thin film.
Fig. 3 is the scanning electron microscope image of nano zine oxide-graphene composite thin film prepared by this utility model embodiment.
Wet sensitive sensing element prepared by this utility model embodiment is connected with capacitance-voltage change-over circuit 7, ATmega 128 microprocessor 8, audible-visual annunciator 9, HC-12 wireless communication module 10, computer 11, there is data acquisition, store, show, sound and light of alarm, sends host computer and wireless remote transmission to by Monitoring Data.
Being 0%-97% for test environment relative humidity, record the change under corresponding humidity environment of this utility model embodiment humidity sensing element capacitance and realize the detection of relative humidity, as shown in Figure 4, capacitance variations and relative humidity have good response relation.
It is respectively 0%, 11%, 23%, 33%, 43%, 52%, 67% for test environment relative humidity, 75%, 85%, 97%, this utility model embodiment humidity sensing element is sequentially placed into different humidity environments and realizes the detection of relative humidity, there is response rapidly, high stability, highly sensitive advantage, as shown in Figure 5.
Claims (5)
1. the humidity detector of a Transformer Condition Monitoring in Guangzhou Power, room, humidity sensing element, capacitance-voltage change-over circuit, microprocessor, wireless communication module, audible-visual annunciator is drawn including oil tank of transformer, Oil-gas Separation film, infiltration gas, humidity sensing element is via voltage signal is transferred to after capacitance-voltage change-over circuit microprocessor, microprocessor driven wireless communication module and audible-visual annunciator；It is characterized in that this humidity sensing element, using nano zine oxide-graphene composite thin film as wet sensitive sense film, is deposited in the ceramic substrate with back-shaped interdigital electrode；This humidity sensing element is placed in transformer oil infiltration gas and draws in room, is realized the Humidity Detection of transformer oil environment by the capacitance variations of detection humidity sensitive thin film, judges transformer insulation state according to the change of corresponding humidity, and makes early warning.
Humidity detector the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the wet sensitive sense film of described humidity sensing element is the stratiform that constitutes of nano zine oxide and graphene oxide nano thin-film alternately, and thickness is 0.5-0.7 micron.
Humidity detector the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the ceramic substrate thickness of described humidity sensing element is 130 microns, and on it, making has back-shaped interdigital electrode pattern and electrode pad.
Humidity detector the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the back-shaped interdigital electrode of described humidity sensing element is copper nickel combination electrode, is made up of the first electrode and the second electrode, and electrode spacing is 25 microns, and thickness is 15 microns.
Humidity detector the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described humidity sensing element is connected with capacitance-voltage change-over circuit, ATmega128 microprocessor, audible-visual annunciator, HC-12 wireless communication module, computer, there is data acquisition, store, show, sound and light of alarm, sends host computer and wireless remote transmission to by Monitoring Data.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520916601.7U CN205484657U (en) | 2015-11-17 | 2015-11-17 | A humidity detection device for insulating monitoring of transformer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520916601.7U CN205484657U (en) | 2015-11-17 | 2015-11-17 | A humidity detection device for insulating monitoring of transformer |
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| CN205484657U true CN205484657U (en) | 2016-08-17 |
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| CN201520916601.7U Expired - Fee Related CN205484657U (en) | 2015-11-17 | 2015-11-17 | A humidity detection device for insulating monitoring of transformer |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107449806A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-12-08 | 深圳市益鑫智能科技有限公司 | Humidity sensing system for electric power transformer insulated status monitoring |
| CN110208334A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-09-06 | 中国石油大学(华东) | For the humidity transducer production method and its detection system of expiratory air |
| CN111458663A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-07-28 | 福州大学 | Oiled paper capacitive bushing moisture monitoring device and method based on air humidity sensing |
| CN114062447A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-02-18 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Ultrathin humidity-sensitive sensor applied to low-humidity environment and preparation method thereof |
-
2015
- 2015-11-17 CN CN201520916601.7U patent/CN205484657U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107449806A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-12-08 | 深圳市益鑫智能科技有限公司 | Humidity sensing system for electric power transformer insulated status monitoring |
| CN110208334A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-09-06 | 中国石油大学(华东) | For the humidity transducer production method and its detection system of expiratory air |
| CN111458663A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-07-28 | 福州大学 | Oiled paper capacitive bushing moisture monitoring device and method based on air humidity sensing |
| CN111458663B (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2021-11-02 | 福州大学 | Oiled paper capacitive bushing moisture monitoring device and method based on air humidity sensing |
| CN114062447A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-02-18 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Ultrathin humidity-sensitive sensor applied to low-humidity environment and preparation method thereof |
| CN114062447B (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2023-08-18 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Ultrathin humidity-sensitive sensor applied to low-humidity environment and preparation method thereof |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20210902 Address after: 257000 No. two, 271 North Road, Shandong, Dongying Patentee after: CHINA University OF PETROLEUM (EAST CHINA) Patentee after: China South Power Grid International Co.,Ltd. Address before: 266580 No. 66 Changjiang West Road, Huangdao District, Qingdao, Shandong. Patentee before: China University of Petroleum (East China) Patentee before: POWER GRID TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH CENTER. CHINA SOUTHERN POWER GRID |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20160817 |