CN205451449U - Utilize self -power wireless switch of piezoceramics vibration electricity generation - Google Patents
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Abstract
本实用新型涉及一种利用压电陶瓷振动发电的自供电无线开关，包括依次连接的发电单元、电源管理单元、微控制单元和无线发送单元，电源管理单元还与无线发送单元连接，发电单元包括按钮和底板，底板上固定有竖直的侧板和弹性机构，侧板绕弹性机构均匀分布，每个侧板上都固定有一个压电陶瓷片，按钮底部固定有直齿条，直齿条固定在弹性机构顶部，压电陶瓷片的边缘卡在直齿条的齿槽内。该开关能将按压按钮时的机械能转换成电能，从而给微控制单元和无线发送单元供电，微控制单元通过无线发送单元发送开关信号，不需要电池，不需要布局电缆线，环保节能。
The utility model relates to a self-powered wireless switch that utilizes piezoelectric ceramic vibration to generate power, comprising a power generation unit, a power management unit, a micro control unit and a wireless transmission unit that are sequentially connected, the power management unit is also connected with the wireless transmission unit, and the power generation unit includes The button and the bottom plate, the bottom plate is fixed with a vertical side plate and elastic mechanism, the side plate is evenly distributed around the elastic mechanism, each side plate is fixed with a piezoelectric ceramic sheet, the bottom of the button is fixed with a straight rack, and the straight rack Fixed on the top of the elastic mechanism, the edge of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet is stuck in the tooth groove of the straight rack. The switch can convert the mechanical energy when the button is pressed into electrical energy, so as to supply power to the micro control unit and the wireless transmission unit, and the micro control unit sends the switch signal through the wireless transmission unit, without batteries and cables, which is environmentally friendly and energy-saving.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及一种无线开关，具体涉及一种利用压电陶瓷振动发电的自供电无线开关。The utility model relates to a wireless switch, in particular to a self-powered wireless switch which utilizes piezoelectric ceramic vibration to generate electricity.
背景技术Background technique
物联网技术在智能家居领域的不断发展，无线传感器网络节点得到了越来越广泛的应用。无线传感器是无线传感器网络节点最基本的组成部分,而传统的传感器需要市电或者是电池供电。目前绝大部分无线开关均携带的电池，然而电池能量有限,不能满足长期工作需要。在实际应用中,无线传感器具有数量多、分布区域广、部署环境复杂等特点。对于人员不能直接到达的某些区域,很难通过更换电池的方式获取能量。With the continuous development of Internet of Things technology in the field of smart home, wireless sensor network nodes have been more and more widely used. Wireless sensors are the most basic components of wireless sensor network nodes, while traditional sensors need mains power or battery power. At present, most of the wireless switches carry batteries, but the battery energy is limited, which cannot meet the long-term working needs. In practical applications, wireless sensors have the characteristics of large number, wide distribution area and complex deployment environment. For some areas that cannot be directly reached by personnel, it is difficult to obtain energy by replacing batteries.
压电陶瓷作为压电发电的机械-电能换能元件，是压电发电的核心元件，极化后的压电陶瓷对外呈压电性，压电发电利用电陶瓷的正压电效应产生电压和电荷，由于压电发电装置相对于其他发电装置，具有结构简单、不发热、无电磁干扰等优点，使其成为微能源研究的热点。由于微功率传感器和控制开关的功耗很小，因而可以考虑通过压力振动的方式来收集机械能，并将机械能转化为电能，供微功率传感器和控制开关使用。Piezoelectric ceramics, as the mechanical-electric energy transducing element of piezoelectric power generation, are the core components of piezoelectric power generation. The polarized piezoelectric ceramics are piezoelectric to the outside, and piezoelectric power generation uses the positive piezoelectric effect of electric ceramics to generate voltage and Compared with other power generation devices, piezoelectric power generation devices have the advantages of simple structure, no heat generation, and no electromagnetic interference, making them a hot spot in micro-energy research. Since the power consumption of micro-power sensors and control switches is very small, it can be considered to collect mechanical energy through pressure vibration and convert mechanical energy into electrical energy for use by micro-power sensors and control switches.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型的目的是提供一种利用压电陶瓷振动发电的自供电无线开关，该开关能将按压按钮时的机械能转换成电能，从而给微控制单元和无线发送单元供电，微控制单元通过无线发送单元发送开关信号，不需要电池，不需要布局电缆线，环保节能。The purpose of this utility model is to provide a self-powered wireless switch that utilizes piezoelectric ceramic vibration to generate electricity. The sending unit sends the switch signal, no battery is needed, no cable layout is required, environmental protection and energy saving.
本实用新型所采用的技术方案是：The technical scheme adopted in the utility model is:
一种利用压电陶瓷振动发电的自供电无线开关，包括依次连接的发电单元、电源管理单元、微控制单元和无线发送单元，电源管理单元还与无线发送单元连接，其特征在于：发电单元包括按钮和底板，底板上固定有竖直的侧板和弹性机构，侧板绕弹性机构均匀分布，每个侧板上都固定有一个压电陶瓷片，按钮底部固定有直齿条，直齿条固定在弹性机构顶部，压电陶瓷片的边缘卡在直齿条的齿槽内。A self-powered wireless switch using piezoelectric ceramic vibration to generate electricity, including a power generation unit, a power management unit, a micro control unit and a wireless transmission unit connected in sequence, the power management unit is also connected to the wireless transmission unit, and it is characterized in that: the power generation unit includes The button and the bottom plate, the bottom plate is fixed with a vertical side plate and elastic mechanism, the side plate is evenly distributed around the elastic mechanism, each side plate is fixed with a piezoelectric ceramic sheet, the bottom of the button is fixed with a straight rack, and the straight rack Fixed on the top of the elastic mechanism, the edge of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet is stuck in the tooth groove of the straight rack.
进一步地，每个侧板上都固定有两个夹板，两个夹板将压电陶瓷片的边缘夹持。Further, two clamping plates are fixed on each side plate, and the two clamping plates clamp the edge of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet.
进一步地，电源管理单元包括依次连接的整流电路、储能电路和稳压电路。Further, the power management unit includes a rectification circuit, an energy storage circuit and a voltage stabilization circuit connected in sequence.
进一步地，压电陶瓷片为双晶圆形压电陶瓷片或双晶矩形压电陶瓷片。Further, the piezoelectric ceramic sheet is a bicrystalline circular piezoelectric ceramic sheet or a bicrystalline rectangular piezoelectric ceramic sheet.
进一步地，弹性机构为弹簧、弹片或发条。Further, the elastic mechanism is a spring, a shrapnel or a spring.
本实用新型的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
按下按钮时，带动直齿条向下击打压电陶瓷片，使压电陶瓷片发生形变从而产生电能，同时弹性机构被压缩，松开按钮后，弹性机构恢复到初始状态的过程中带动直齿条向上击打压电陶瓷片，又可以产生电能，电能经电源管理单元处理后供微控制单元和无线发送单元使用，无线发送单元发射一个无线控制信号控制接收终端（如，智能家居）开启或关闭；该无线开关将按压按钮时的机械能转换成电能，不需要电池，不需要布局电缆线，环保节能；压电陶瓷片均匀布置（可以是左右对称、前后对称或排列成“十”字形三角形等其它形状），使得按下按钮时弹性机构受力更平衡，并且多个直齿条同时击打对应的压电陶瓷片，发电效率高。When the button is pressed, the straight rack is driven to hit the piezoelectric ceramic sheet downward, causing the piezoelectric ceramic sheet to deform and generate electric energy. At the same time, the elastic mechanism is compressed. When the button is released, the elastic mechanism drives the straight The rack hits the piezoelectric ceramic sheet upwards to generate electric energy. After being processed by the power management unit, the electric energy is used by the micro control unit and the wireless transmission unit. The wireless transmission unit transmits a wireless control signal to control the receiving terminal (such as smart home) to turn on or Close; the wireless switch converts the mechanical energy when the button is pressed into electrical energy, does not require batteries, does not need to lay out cables, and is environmentally friendly and energy-saving; the piezoelectric ceramic sheets are evenly arranged (can be left-right symmetry, front-back symmetry, or arranged in a "ten"-shaped triangle and other shapes), so that the force of the elastic mechanism is more balanced when the button is pressed, and multiple straight racks hit the corresponding piezoelectric ceramic sheet at the same time, so the power generation efficiency is high.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本实用新型实施例的结构框图。Fig. 1 is a structural block diagram of the utility model embodiment.
图2是本实用新型实施例中发电单元的结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the power generation unit in the embodiment of the utility model.
图3是本实用新型实施例中电源管理单元的结构框图。Fig. 3 is a structural block diagram of the power management unit in the embodiment of the utility model.
图4是本实用新型实施例中电源管理单元的原理图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the power management unit in the embodiment of the present invention.
图中：1-按钮；2-直齿条；3-侧板；4-夹板；5-压电陶瓷片；6-弹性机构；7-底板；8-整流电路；9-储存电路；10-稳压电路；11-发电单元；12-电源管理单元；13-微控制单元；14-无线发送单元。In the figure: 1- button; 2- straight rack; 3- side plate; 4- splint; 5- piezoelectric ceramic sheet; 6- elastic mechanism; 7- bottom plate; 8- rectifier circuit; voltage stabilizing circuit; 11-power generation unit; 12-power management unit; 13-micro control unit; 14-wireless sending unit.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图和实施例对本实用新型作进一步地说明。Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is described further.
如图1所示，一种利用压电陶瓷振动发电的自供电无线开关，包括依次连接的发电单元11、电源管理单元12、微控制单元13和无线发送单元14，电源管理单元12还与无线发送单元14连接，如图2所示，发电单元11包括按钮1和底板7，底板7上固定有竖直的侧板3和弹性机构6，侧板3绕弹性机构6均匀分布，每个侧板3上都固定有一个压电陶瓷片5，按钮1底部固定有直齿条2，直齿条2固定在弹性机构6顶部，压电陶瓷片5的边缘卡在直齿条2的齿槽内。As shown in Figure 1, a self-powered wireless switch that utilizes piezoelectric ceramic vibration to generate electricity includes a power generation unit 11, a power management unit 12, a micro control unit 13 and a wireless transmission unit 14 connected in sequence, and the power management unit 12 is also connected to the wireless The sending unit 14 is connected, as shown in Figure 2, the power generating unit 11 includes a button 1 and a bottom plate 7, and the bottom plate 7 is fixed with a vertical side plate 3 and an elastic mechanism 6, and the side plates 3 are evenly distributed around the elastic mechanism 6, and each side A piezoelectric ceramic sheet 5 is fixed on the plate 3, a spur rack 2 is fixed on the bottom of the button 1, and the spur rack 2 is fixed on the top of the elastic mechanism 6, and the edge of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 5 is stuck in the tooth groove of the spur rack 2 Inside.
按下按钮1时，带动直齿条2向下击打压电陶瓷片5，使压电陶瓷片5发生形变从而产生电能，同时弹性机构6被压缩，松开按钮后，弹性机构6恢复到初始状态的过程中带动直齿条2向上击打压电陶瓷片5，又可以产生电能，电能经电源管理单元12处理后供微控制单元13和无线发送单元14使用，无线发送单元14发射一个无线控制信号控制接收终端（如，智能家居）开启或关闭；该无线开关将按压按钮1时的机械能转换成电能，不需要电池，不需要布局电缆线，环保节能；压电陶瓷片5均匀布置（可以是左右对称、前后对称或排列成“十”字形三角形等其它形状），使得按下按钮1时弹性机构6受力更平衡，并且多个直齿条2同时击打对应的压电陶瓷片5，发电效率高。When the button 1 is pressed, the spur rack 2 is driven to hit the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 5 downward, so that the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 5 is deformed to generate electric energy, and the elastic mechanism 6 is compressed at the same time. After the button is released, the elastic mechanism 6 returns to its original state. In the process of driving the spur rack 2 to hit the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 5 upwards, electric energy can be generated. After being processed by the power management unit 12, the electric energy can be used by the micro control unit 13 and the wireless transmission unit 14, and the wireless transmission unit 14 transmits a wireless control The signal controls the receiving terminal (such as smart home) to turn on or off; the wireless switch converts the mechanical energy when the button 1 is pressed into electrical energy, and does not require batteries and cables, which is environmentally friendly and energy-saving; the piezoelectric ceramic sheets 5 are evenly arranged (can It is left-right symmetry, front-back symmetry or arranged in a "ten" shape triangle and other shapes), so that when the button 1 is pressed, the force on the elastic mechanism 6 is more balanced, and multiple straight racks 2 hit the corresponding piezoelectric ceramic sheet 5 at the same time , high power generation efficiency.
如图2所示，在本实施例中，每个侧板3上都固定有两个夹板4，两个夹板4将压电陶瓷片5的边缘夹持。As shown in FIG. 2 , in this embodiment, two clamping plates 4 are fixed on each side plate 3 , and the two clamping plates 4 clamp the edge of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 5 .
如图2所示，在本实施例中，压电陶瓷片5为双晶圆形压电陶瓷片（还可以是双晶矩形压电陶瓷片）。As shown in FIG. 2 , in this embodiment, the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 5 is a bicrystalline circular piezoelectric ceramic sheet (it may also be a bicrystalline rectangular piezoelectric ceramic sheet).
如图2所示，在本实施例中，弹性机构6为弹簧（还可以是弹片或发条）。As shown in FIG. 2 , in this embodiment, the elastic mechanism 6 is a spring (it can also be a shrapnel or a spring).
如图3所示，在本实施例中，电源管理单元12包括依次连接的整流电路8（主要是四个肖特基二极管）、储能电路9（主要是若干个电解电容）和稳压电路10（主要是DC-DC变换器）。压电陶瓷片5产生的感应电压是交流电，经过整流电路8整流后变成直流电并对储能电路9充电，最终由稳压电路10稳压；稳压电路10可以在储能电路9放电的过程中，产生短时间的恒定电压来驱动微控制单元13和无线发送单元14。As shown in Figure 3, in this embodiment, the power management unit 12 includes a rectifier circuit 8 (mainly four Schottky diodes), an energy storage circuit 9 (mainly several electrolytic capacitors) and a voltage stabilizing circuit connected in sequence 10 (mainly DC-DC converters). The induced voltage generated by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 5 is alternating current, which becomes direct current after being rectified by the rectifier circuit 8 and charges the energy storage circuit 9, and finally stabilizes the voltage by the voltage stabilizing circuit 10; the voltage stabilizing circuit 10 can discharge the energy storage circuit 9 During the process, a short-time constant voltage is generated to drive the micro control unit 13 and the wireless transmission unit 14 .
如图4所示，为尽可能降低电源管理单元12的损耗，电源管理单元12可以采用LTC3588-1作为电源管理芯片，LTC3588-1内部集成了整流电路和稳压电路，十分适合微能源的收集，并且通过设置相应管脚，可以把LTC3588-1的输出电压设为1.8V。As shown in Figure 4, in order to reduce the loss of the power management unit 12 as much as possible, the power management unit 12 can use the LTC3588-1 as the power management chip. The LTC3588-1 integrates a rectifier circuit and a voltage regulator circuit, which is very suitable for the collection of micro energy. , and by setting the corresponding pins, the output voltage of the LTC3588-1 can be set to 1.8V.
在本实施例中，微控制单元13主要由超低功耗的微控制芯片（MSP430）组成，无线发送单元14主要是由无线发送芯片（CC1101）组成，它们的工作电压较低，最低工作电压仅为1.8V，两者通过SPI通讯，可以将按动按钮1所产生的开、关信号传递给微控制芯片（MSP430），进而通过无线发送芯片（CC1101）和发射天线将信号传送出去。微控制芯片（MSP430）在运行模式下工作电流可低于230μA,无线发射功率可设为-10dBM,这样使得无线发送芯片（CC1101）在发射状态时的工作电流减少到14mA，减少了能量的消耗，保证了每次能稳定的发射信号，增加无线发射单元14的可靠性。In this embodiment, the micro control unit 13 is mainly composed of an ultra-low power consumption micro control chip (MSP430), and the wireless transmission unit 14 is mainly composed of a wireless transmission chip (CC1101). Their operating voltage is relatively low, and the minimum operating voltage Only 1.8V, the two communicate through SPI, and the on and off signals generated by pressing the button 1 can be transmitted to the microcontroller chip (MSP430), and then the signal is transmitted through the wireless sending chip (CC1101) and the transmitting antenna. The operating current of the micro-control chip (MSP430) can be lower than 230μA in the running mode, and the wireless transmission power can be set to -10dBM, which reduces the working current of the wireless transmitting chip (CC1101) to 14mA in the transmitting state, reducing energy consumption , ensuring stable signal transmission each time, increasing the reliability of the wireless transmitting unit 14 .
应当理解的是，对本领域普通技术人员来说，可以根据上述说明加以改进或变换，而所有这些改进和变换都应属于本实用新型所附权利要求的保护范围。It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or changes based on the above description, and all these improvements and changes should belong to the protection scope of the appended claims of the present utility model.
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| CN108122388A (en) * | 2016-11-26 | 2018-06-05 | 钟志刚 | Piezoelectric type passive signal generating means |
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| CN110165934A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-08-23 | 苏州市职业大学 | A kind of multi-layer piezoelectric power generator and its application method collected passerby and trample energy |
| CN110165934B (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2024-05-14 | 苏州市职业大学 | Multilayer piezoelectric power generation device for collecting trampling energy of passers-by and use method thereof |
| CN112671262A (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2021-04-16 | 德能森智能科技（成都）有限公司 | Self-generating power supply and wireless passive switch |
| CN112671262B (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2022-10-18 | 德能森智能科技（成都）有限公司 | Self-generating power supply and wireless passive switch |
| CN111901941A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-11-06 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Signal generation method of passive self-generating lighting control switch |
| CN111918465A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-11-10 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Passive self-generating lighting control switch and circuit thereof |
| CN111918465B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2022-12-16 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Passive self-generating lighting control switch and circuit thereof |
| CN111901941B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2023-02-28 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Signal generation method of passive self-generating lighting control switch |
| CN111693285A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-09-22 | 南通理工学院 | Portable vibration monitoring device and monitoring method for bearing |
| KR102552822B1 (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2023-07-11 | 주식회사 청우산업 | Piezoelectric generator applied to resilient flooring |
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