CN205388595U - True human respiratory device simulates - Google Patents
True human respiratory device simulates Download PDFInfo
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- CN205388595U CN205388595U CN201520488911.3U CN201520488911U CN205388595U CN 205388595 U CN205388595 U CN 205388595U CN 201520488911 U CN201520488911 U CN 201520488911U CN 205388595 U CN205388595 U CN 205388595U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a true human respiratory device simulates, including expiration pump, aspirator pump and heater system, the main part of aspirator pump is a sealed cylinder, and sealed piston is equipped with to cylinder inside, and the piston passes through bolted connection with the rack, cylinder outside step motor passes through the wheel and rack cooperation and connects, the DSP controller passes through the control line and connects the driver, and the driver is connected through the drive wire with the motor, the opposite side of cylinder has two air vents, and the cylinder is connected through the check valve respectively to the breather pipe of two air vents, the expiration pump is the same with the aspirator pump structure, just is equipped with heating element at breather pipe terminal position, and the power -on is crossed time relay and is connected with heating element. The utility model overcomes use the experimental error that original human respiratory device brought. The qualities of the experiment operating mode is polluted exposure level, is propagated the law the true reaction extent of true operating mode, the human respiratory region of reaction that can be accurate, for improving the building room air are improved the performance important function.
Description
Technical field
This utility model relates to research architecture indoor man body pollution thing exposure level and the important analog of aspiration contamination thing propagation, belongs to IAQ (indoor air quality) and dispersion of pollutants field.
Background technology
The time of modern about 90% is all spent in architecture indoor, and good indoor environment can make people feel energetic, healthy, and work efficiency is high.But the most in the last thirty years, many countries IAQ (indoor air quality) there is a problem in the world, and a lot of people complain that air quality is inferior.Room air pollution can cause following three kinds of diseases: Cure of Sick Building Syndrome and build relevant disease, multiple chemical pollutant anaphylaxis.Additionally, inferior IAQ (indoor air quality) also can cause asthma even cancer.
Compared with developed countries, China's indoor air quality issues even more serious and source very wide.Its origin and feature: the use of (1) a large amount of building and ornament materials, distribute multiple chemical pollutant, such as formaldehyde, the organic volatile such as stupid；(2) outdoor air pollution is serious, and research shows that indoor pollutant exists positive correlation with outdoor pollutant, and I/O ratio is close to 1, even greater than 1；(3) air borne of infectious disease, infectious disease takes place frequently in recent years, such as SARS in 2003,2009 years H1NI；(4) China is currently tobacco leaf production maximum in the world and country of consumption, produces corresponding air pollution therewith.
For building good IAQ (indoor air quality) environment, tackling various possible pollution, the experimentation carrying out indoor environmental pollution thing propagation is requisite.The main body of indoor environment is people, and human body is the receptor of dispersion of pollutants on the one hand, and human body is also likely to be polluter on the other hand；Indoor Flow Field and pollution spread can be produced impact additionally, due to human-body radiating, so the indispensable human body of experimentation.But from safe and healthy angle, it is infeasible that real human body carries out experiment, therefore need to develop a kind of breathing equipment that can simulate real human body respiratory function.The external dummy model mostly function used is increasingly complex at present, and owing to cost is very high, the unable purchase of general academic institution.
Current domestic many research aspiration contaminations are propagated and mostly be have ignored human body respiration feature, during such as the pollutant distribution of domestic scholars research different gestures and different breathing pattern in ward, have ignored the feature of human body respiration, replace human body respiration process [1] with a simple device；Additionally in domestic scholars research aircraft passenger cabin, personnel's aspiration contamination thing propagation law is also adopted by same easy device [2].This device is a spherical source of release, and rate of release is constant and very little, discharges pollutant to surrounding equably.Its major defect: 1) ignore the transient behavior of human body respiration process, also have ignored the directivity 2 breathing jet simultaneously) do not embody the process of human body air-breathing.Current domestic basic seldom employing simulates real human body respiratory breathing equipment, when foreign scholar [3] points out to adopt constant breathing border research dispersion of pollutants by CFD sunykatuib analysis, relatively larger error can be produced in human body microenvironment, therefore be highly desirable to develop a kind of device that can imitate human normal respiratory, particularly under the situation that Current air pollution is serious.
List of references:
[1]YinY,GuptaJK,ZhangX,LiuJ,ChenQ.Distributionsofrespiratorycontaminantsfromapatientwithdifferentposturesandexhalingmodesinasingle-bedinpatientroom.Buildingandenvironment.2011；46:75-81.
[2]LiF,LiuJ,PeiJ,LinCH,ChenQ.Experimentalstudyofgaseousandparticulatecontaminantsdistributioninanaircraftcabin.AtmosphericEnvironment.2014；85:223–33.
[3]VillafruelaJM,OlmedoI,RuizdeAdanaM,MéndezC,NielsenPV.CFDanalysisofthehumanexhalationflowusingdifferentboundaryconditionsandventilationstrategies.BuildingandEnvironment.2013；62:191-200.
Summary of the invention
This utility model is intended to develop a kind of breathing equipment that can simulate real human body respiratory, is used for studying architecture indoor man body pollution thing exposure level and the propagation etc. of human body respiration pollutant.
For achieving the above object, this utility model takes techniques below scheme:
A kind of breathing equipment that can simulate real human body respiratory；Including expiration pump, asepwirator pump and heater system；The main body of asepwirator pump is a cylinder sealed, and cylinder interior fills Packed piston, and piston and tooth bar are bolted；Outside cylinder, motor is connected by wheel and rack；Dsp controller connects driver by control line, and driver is connected by driving wire with motor；The opposite side of cylinder has two passages, and the breather of two passages connects cylinder respectively through check valve；Expiration pump is identical with asepwirator pump structure, simply in breather distal portion equipped with heating element heater, power supply is connected with heating element heater by the time relay.
The method adopting unit simulation real human body of the present utility model to breathe, utilizes closed cylinder simulation artificial lung, the reciprocating motion simulation respiratory of piston.
Utilizing dsp controller to control motor rotating rule, motor is coordinated by gear and tooth bar provides power for piston, and ensures that piston movement rule is SIN function.
Cylinder passage is controlled to flow to by check valve, and bleed hole is used for controlling search gas and introduces, and venthole is connected to nostril；The bleed hole of asepwirator pump is connected to nostril, and venthole is connected to gas analyser, is used for analyzing gas composition.
Utilize heater to control its working hour by the time relay, heat expiration gas, keep temperature on average 34 DEG C.
The programme-control expiration pump compiled and edit by computer and the motor movement rule in asepwirator pump, synchronous averaging, remain that rotation direction is contrary；Heater is controlled Tong Bu with expiration pump operation time by line lock device.
It is described as follows:
(1) for the Respiratory behavior of actual response human body more, it is first determined features such as real human body Respiratory flows, through investigation document, American scholar is measured human body respiration process flow and is met sinusoidal variations rule with the time；In indoor environment, characteristics of contaminated respiratory droplets gas temperature is at 32-36 DEG C.Situation according to investigation, selects Chinese visible human crowd's young-normal sample to be designed, according to the respiratory capacity (0.46L/ time) selecting sample to determine single breath process, respiratory frequency (15 times/min).
(2) cylinder sealed is adopted to imitate human lung's function.Cylinder is built with piston, and piston, by external driven by motor, moves back and forth according to certain rule, two processes of simulated respiration；Installing two blow vents on the cylinder sealed, two passages are connected with check valve respectively.Two check valves control the airflow direction of two passages, and respectively as air inlet and steam vent, when reciprocating motion of the pistons is that only one of which check valve is held open state, another remains off.Select motor, by DSP card control driver, adopt segmentation mode that motor is controlled.
(3) two plastic tubes are connected with two check valves respectively, wherein one (being connected with steam vent) be connected to the breathing end of dummy, another one and environment facies with, this complete equipment is as expiration pump；Identical other set equipment, as asepwirator pump, wherein one (being connected with air inlet) be connected to the breathing end of dummy, another root is connected in environment.In the gas exhaust piping of expiration pump, in the pipeline section closed on mutually with human body respiration end, it is equipped with heating element heater, controls the working time by the time relay and regulate and add heat.
(4) complete equipment assemble complete after, the relation between flow and the piston stroke of breathing equipment is demarcated by volume flowmeter, by the time cycle characteristic of hot-wire anemometer caliberating device, the muzzle velocity change curve of device is measured by the hot-wire anemometer initially with speed sampling very high frequency, then volume flow controllers is adopted to obtain the peak flow of device, then integration calculates to obtain the flow of device, thus obtaining the relation between piston stroke and flow further.
(5) set piston stroke according to relational expression obtained in the previous step, compile and edit motor movement program, meet the requirement of respiratory frequency and piston stroke.Measure expiration pump and air-breathing pump performance characteristic, reach to meet design conditions down-off requirement.
(6) according to respiratory flow, design expired gas temperature and ambient air temperature, controlling heating element heater, whether the gas temperature then measuring expiration transport pump further meets requirement.
Assemble and after demarcating at device, the work schedule of reasonable arrangement expiration pump, asepwirator pump and heater.First expiration pump work completes exhalation process, and heater guarantee of work expired gas temperature reaches the temperature 34 DEG C of real human body simultaneously.Then asepwirator pump work, complete air-breathing work, and now heater, breathe air pump inoperative.So circulation, completes simulation real human body respiratory.
This utility model is owing to taking above technical scheme, and it has the advantage that
This complete equipment can simulate real human body breathing characteristic, the respiratory frequency of real human body can be met, and respiratory flow meets sinusoidal rule, so can replace the mode of original constant flow, reaction human body respiration process more really, it is thus possible to reaction human body sucks air event, the pollutant exposure level in reaction human body respiration district really；Additionally also can react human body respiration dispersion of pollutants rule more really.
Generally, by this device, the experimental error using original human body respiration device to bring is overcome.Improve the experiment condition actual response degree to real working condition, human body respiration district Pollution exposure level can accurately be reacted, and the propagation law of human body respiration pollutant, for solving architecture indoor dispersion of pollutants problem, improve architecture indoor air quality and play a significant role.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 simulates real human body breathing equipment figure；
Fig. 2 muzzle velocity measurement result；
Fig. 3 outlet temperature measurements；
Fig. 4 workflow diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more specifically describe this utility model, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, this utility model is described in detail.As it is shown in figure 1, device is by exhaling pump and asepwirator pump forms, wherein two complete equipment principles structures are essentially identical, are simply furnished with bringing-up section in expiration pump, so can control the temperature exhaled.The main body of asepwirator pump is a cylinder sealed, and cylinder interior fills Packed piston, and piston and tooth bar are bolted；Outside cylinder, motor is connected by wheel and rack；Dsp controller connects driver by control line, and driver is connected by driving wire with motor；The opposite side of cylinder has two passages, and the breather of two passages connects cylinder respectively through check valve；Expiration pump is identical with asepwirator pump structure, simply in breather distal portion equipped with heating element heater, power supply is connected with heating element heater by the time relay.
The functional realiey of expiration pump
The cylinder sealed, inside has piston, and piston is fixing with tooth bar to be connected, and tooth bar is coordinated by gear with motor；Sealing cylinder opposite side has two passages, and passage all has connection check valve, thus forming two pipelines of A/B, controlling A pipeline by check valve is air inlet pipeline, and B pipeline is gas exhaust piping.B pipeline is connected to human body nostril, plays the effect of expiration, simultaneously in the part near nostril equipped with heating element heater.
1. the function mode of motor.Motor selected by motor, is furnished with original-pack driver, selects DSP development board to control driver, and then controls motor movement.It is equal with reversing time that motor rotates forward the time, is also equal with design expiratory duration.Piston keeps sinusoidal motion under the drive of motor.
2. the check valve effect to passage.When motor rotates forward, piston is followed and is moved out, and the check valve in pipeline A is opened, and the check valve Guan Bi in pipeline B, now cylinder passes through pipeline A air inlet；When motor reversal, piston follows inward, and the check valve in pipeline B is opened, and the check valve Guan Bi in pipeline A, now cylinder passes through pipeline B aerofluxus.
3. the temperature of exhalation vents.According to the breathing temperature set, select power adjustable microheater.High frequency heat galvanic couple (20Hz) is adopted to gather the relation P=k (t-t of heating power and outlet temperaturea).Change within a cycle as Fig. 3 illustrates outlet temperature, export mean temperature in exhalation process and can reach 34 DEG C.
The functional realiey of asepwirator pump
The cylinder sealed, inside has piston, and piston is fixing with tooth bar to be connected, and tooth bar is coordinated by gear with motor；Sealing cylinder opposite side has two passages, and passage all has connection check valve, thus forming two pipelines of C/D, controlling C pipeline by check valve is air inlet pipeline, and D pipeline is gas exhaust piping.C pipeline is connected to human body nostril, plays the effect of air-breathing.
1. the function mode of motor.Motor selected by motor, is furnished with original-pack driver, selects DSP development board to control driver, and then controls motor movement.It is equal with reversing time that motor rotates forward the time, is also equal with design inspiratory duration.Piston keeps sinusoidal motion under the drive of motor.
2. the check valve effect to passage.When motor rotates forward, piston is followed and is moved inwards, and the check valve in pipeline D is opened, and the check valve Guan Bi in pipeline C, now cylinder is given vent to anger by pipeline D；When motor reversal, piston is followed and is moved out, and the check valve in pipeline C is opened, and the check valve Guan Bi in pipeline D, now cylinder passes through pipeline C air-breathing.
The demarcation in device flow and cycle.
Because the flow of device outlet is the relation of transition in time, therefore constant effusion meter can not be passed through it is carried out flow calibration, adopt the demarcation of speed and maximum stream flow to carry out the demarcation of device herein.The muzzle velocity change curve of device is measured by the hot-wire anemometer (sample frequency is maximum up to 100kHz) initially with speed sampling very high frequency, as shown in Figure 2, muzzle velocity fitting function is SIN function (y=3.97sin (1.57t)), variance is 0.97, and degree of fitting is very high.Then adopting volume flow controllers to obtain the peak flow of device, then integration calculates to obtain the flow of device, thus obtaining the relation Q=π dL (d is diameter, and L is piston stroke) between piston stroke and flow further.
So complete the design of whole expiration pump and asepwirator pump part.Pipeline B and C simulates human body respiration process.Wherein pipeline A/D also has its existence effect.Pipeline A can as the intake of search gas；Pipeline D can as the detection sucking air.
Simulation, the function how realizing device described below, it is first determined the respiratory capacity of real human body, respiratory frequency is breathed in order to realize real human body.Herein with Chinese adult average level for standard, it is chosen as the respiratory capacity (0.46L/ time) of single breath process, respiratory frequency (15 times/min), sets expired gas temperature 34 DEG C.Fig. 4 illustrates the control figure of device.The breathing cycle is may determine that according to expiration frequency, respiratory capacity obtains piston stroke, being programmed by computer CCStudiov3.3 software, controlled the characteristics of motion of motor by dsp controller, output rotating rule is 120sin (1.57t) r/min, rotate forward 2s, reversion 2s, expiration pump and asepwirator pump direction of motor rotation keep contrary. and concurrently setting the time relay cycle is 2s, controls exhalation process electric power starting, breathing process power-off, heater operation setup heater power is 5W.Synchronize to open by line lock on-off control respiratory pump, asepwirator pump, the time relay.Such expiration pump completes exhalation process, and heating is opened simultaneously, heating exhalation gas.After expiration terminates, the time relay is closed, and heater stops heating, and asepwirator pump starts air-breathing, completes breathing process.So complete a respiratory.Then this process is repeated.Expiration pump A is from trace gas source bleed in this process, and the D of asepwirator pump is transported to gas analyser and may be used for pollutant monitoring etc..
This utility model one that is open and that propose simulates real human body breathing equipment, those skilled in the art can pass through to use for reference present disclosure, the links such as suitable change structure realize, although device of the present utility model has passed through preferred embodiment and is described, technology described herein substantially can be modified or reconfigure in without departing from this utility model content, spirit and scope by person skilled, realizes final technology of preparing.Special needs to be pointed out is, all similar replacements and change apparent to those skilled in the art, they are considered as including in this utility model spirit, scope and content.
Claims (5)
1. the breathing equipment that can simulate real human body respiratory；It is characterized in that including expiration pump, asepwirator pump and heater system；The main body of asepwirator pump is a cylinder sealed, and cylinder interior fills Packed piston, and piston and tooth bar are bolted；Outside cylinder, motor is connected by wheel and rack；Motor is connected with driver by wire, and driver is connected with dsp controller by wire；The opposite side of cylinder has two passages, and the breather of two passages connects cylinder respectively through check valve；Expiration pump is identical with asepwirator pump structure, simply in breather distal portion equipped with heating element heater, power supply is connected with heating element heater by the time relay.
2. device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that closed cylinder simulation artificial lung, the reciprocating motion simulation respiratory of piston.
3. device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that dsp controller controls motor rotating rule, and motor is coordinated by gear and tooth bar provides power for piston, and ensures that piston movement rule is SIN function.
4. device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that cylinder passage is controlled to flow to by check valve, and bleed hole is used for controlling search gas and introduces, and venthole is connected to nostril；The bleed hole of asepwirator pump is connected to nostril, and venthole is connected to gas analyser, is used for analyzing gas composition.
5. device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that heating element heater controls its working hour by the time relay, heats expiration gas, keep temperature on average 34 DEG C.
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| CN201520488911.3U CN205388595U (en) | 2015-07-08 | 2015-07-08 | True human respiratory device simulates |
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| CN201520488911.3U CN205388595U (en) | 2015-07-08 | 2015-07-08 | True human respiratory device simulates |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106762526A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-05-31 | 中国人民解放军海军医学研究所 | Gas exhaust device and its application method |
| CN109172986A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-01-11 | 福建中医药大学附属人民医院（福建省人民医院） | A kind of auxiliary sounding device and bionical vocal technique |
| CN110596199A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-12-20 | 安徽康佳同创电器有限公司 | Electronic nose, smell identification method and storage medium |
| CN112068177A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-12-11 | 成都理工大学工程技术学院 | Bionic alpha internal pollution metering and monitoring device |
| CN113012545A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-22 | 西安交通大学 | Device for simulating human body breathing flow |
| CN113056777A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2021-06-29 | 天津天堰科技股份有限公司 | Breathing simulator, medical human body simulator and method for simulating breathing scene |
| CN113611199A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-11-05 | 四川大学 | Simple respiration simulation device |
-
2015
- 2015-07-08 CN CN201520488911.3U patent/CN205388595U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106762526A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-05-31 | 中国人民解放军海军医学研究所 | Gas exhaust device and its application method |
| CN106762526B (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2020-05-22 | 中国人民解放军海军医学研究所 | Gas pumping and exhausting device and using method thereof |
| CN113056777A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2021-06-29 | 天津天堰科技股份有限公司 | Breathing simulator, medical human body simulator and method for simulating breathing scene |
| CN109172986A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-01-11 | 福建中医药大学附属人民医院（福建省人民医院） | A kind of auxiliary sounding device and bionical vocal technique |
| CN110596199A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-12-20 | 安徽康佳同创电器有限公司 | Electronic nose, smell identification method and storage medium |
| CN112068177A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-12-11 | 成都理工大学工程技术学院 | Bionic alpha internal pollution metering and monitoring device |
| CN113012545A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-22 | 西安交通大学 | Device for simulating human body breathing flow |
| CN113611199A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-11-05 | 四川大学 | Simple respiration simulation device |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20160720 Termination date: 20180708 |