CN2053577U

CN2053577U - High-speed drafting machine

Info

Publication number: CN2053577U
Application number: CN 89204466
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卢恩光
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1989-04-15
Filing date: 1989-04-15
Publication date: 1990-02-28

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the drawing-instrument field, composed of a protractor (1), an upper ruler (3), a lower ruler (2) and a fulcrum arm (4) and a pen holder (5). The second designing scheme of the utility model is that a protractor (26), a ruler (27), a fulcrum arm (28) and a cursor, a vernier compose the utility model. Integrating the functions of a straightedge, compasses and a protractor, the drawing instrument can rapidly and accurately draw and is suitable for middle-students and primary students to draw geometric graphics.

Description

High-speed drafting machine

The utility model relates to the drawing instrument field.

At present, the set square in the drawing instrument, compasses, ruler and protractor all are to use as single-piece, and be time-consuming bothersome, more inconvenient for primary and secondary students especially when drawing.

The design's purpose is to provide a kind of multi-functional QuickDraw instrument.

The purpose of this utility model reaches like this: the function of compasses, ruler, set square, protractor is combined, make an instrument, thereby the purpose of this utility model has just been reached.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the design's plotter is elaborated: accompanying drawing 1 is the state schematic perspective view of the design's first scheme when drawing straight line, angle or arc; Accompanying drawing 2 is this first scheme state schematic perspective views when using as compasses; Accompanying drawing 3 is schematic perspective views of the true penholder of pen clipping device; Accompanying drawing 4 is stereograms of clamp; Accompanying drawing 5 is enlarged diagrams of pen stand; Accompanying drawing 6 is schematic cross-sections of fulcrum arm.Accompanying drawing 7 is schematic perspective views of the design's alternative plan; Accompanying drawing 8 is to put on the A-A sectional view in accompanying drawing 7 upstreams.

Form by protractor (1), last chi (3), following chi (2), fulcrum arm (4) and pen clipping device (5) from the visible the design's plotter of attached Fig. 1 and 2.The straight line of protractor (1) overlaps mutually with graduated one side of following chi (2), scale also overlaps, to go up chi (3) by fulcrum arm (4) on the center of circle of protractor (1) is connected together with following chi (2) or protractor (1), in this junction, last chi (3) all outwards protrudes a small half of circle with following chi (2), so that they are connected firmly, last chi (3) can center on fulcrum arm (4) rotation.

Protractor (1) overlaps with an end points of following chi (2) from an end points of straight line, this protractor (1) is semi-round ring shape, and 50～55 millimeters of outside diameters, interior circular diameter are 40～45 millimeters, outer rim at ring is carved with angle line, and protractor (1) thickness is 0.8 millimeter.

Following chi (2) one end points and protractor (1) straight line coincide, the other end at following chi (2) has a square little lock tube (8) of erectting, its opening is inserted with locking plate (7) in this lock tube (8) on the longitudinal direction of following chi (2), following chi (2) thickness is 0.8 millimeter.Length from the center of circle of protractor (1) to an end that has lock tube is 100 millimeters.

Last chi (3) is linked together by fulcrum arm (4) at protractor (1) up and down, center of circle chis (2), last chi (3) is divided into long section and short section by fulcrum arm (4), short section in the form of sheets, an end that points to protractor (1) on short section is a pointer, this pointer can be along the ring rotation of protractor (1), and the indication number of degrees.Parallel with following chi (2) or when overlapping when last chi (3), the most advanced and sophisticated line with the protractor center of circle of pointer and last chi, time chi are all parallel, and 0.35 mm distance is arranged, and this distance is half of lead core diameter's (0.7 millimeter).On the long section of last chi (3), its shape is not sheet but becomes L shaped, but turn to the side more L shaped upper end, and its shape is as the ditch (15) on accompanying drawing 4 pen stands (6), and this shape vertically moves on the chi part on L shaped in order to make pen stand (6).Graduation mark is carved with in bottom in L shaped part.Near the top of long section a catch of vertically holding up (9) is arranged, this catch (9) is to lock usefulness when supplying upper and lower chi to overlap.Last chi thickness is 0.4 millimeter, and to the top, the length that promptly goes up the long section of chi (3) is 100 millimeters from the center of circle of protractor (1).

Pen clipping device (5) is made up of with screw (13) (19) pen stand (6), penholder (10), lead for retractable pencil (11), clamp (12).Penholder (10) is cylindrical, 1.75 millimeters of diameters, but thereon respectively from vertically clipping three sections, see accompanying drawing 3, vertical intercept (21) and the vertical plane parallel in the cross section of (22), the position opposite but section (22) ratio section (21) darker intercepts (23) and the vertical in-plane of intercept (21) are parallel, going up lead for retractable pencil (11) at intercept (22) exposes slightly, so that utilize clamp (12) that this lead for retractable pencil (11) is fixing, and an intercept (21) and (a 23) edge by lead for retractable pencil (11), the length of intercept (22) just in time is the width of clamp (12), one arch hole (24) is arranged on clamp (12), and base, arch hole (24) is a straight line, and clamp (12) is a cylindricality, in the end nut is arranged, screw thread by screw (13) cooperates with it, clamp (12) from the arch borehole jack on intercept (22), when screw (13) when tightening, the straight flange plane, arch hole (24) of clamp (12) and the plane parallel of intercept (22) are withstood lead for retractable pencil (11), thereby it is fixed.When lead for retractable pencil (11) when being consumed a part, can unclamp screw (13) lead for retractable pencil (11) is transferred.Two other intercept (21) (23) by the thickness clipped be the thickness of penholder (14) crust add from the penholder bore dia deduct lead for retractable pencil (11) diameter difference and, this is for lead for retractable pencil (11) can just in time be abutted against on the ruler, thereby can make through the central point of lead for retractable pencil (11) lower end and the straight line that the is parallel to ruler center of circle of throughput hornwork (1) just in time.The used lead for retractable pencil of the design's plotter (11) diameter is 0.7 millimeter.

Accompanying drawing 5 is schematic perspective views of pen stand, when this plotter is done the compasses use, pen stand (6) is on penholder (10) top, when drawing straight line etc., pen stand (6) is in penholder (10) bottom, penholder (10) is to insert from the centre bore of pen stand (6) top, pen stand (6) roughly is a hollow cuboid, the upper and lower is all porose, last hole is circular, can pass through penholder (10), but removes (see accompanying drawing 5) outside circular port inclined hole in addition on lower bottom, its gradient is reflected on " error " of lead for retractable pencil (11) end points and graticule seam (14) indicated scale, and it is an integer, definite value.Only some coincides with circular hole this inclined hole, and accompanying drawing 5 is pen stand (6) amplification schematic perspective views, situation about partially overlapping from the visible circular port of its upward view and this inclined hole.The purpose of making this inclined hole is in order to draw roundlet, because have a small half of boss to go out around protractor (1) center of circle, even pen clipping device (5) is slided into apart from fulcrum arm (4) the most nearby, can only sign in diameter usually and be 10.5 millimeters circle.Outside pen stand (6) bottom centre hole, establish this inclined hole in addition, when desire is drawn roundlet, screw (19) is loosened, and penholder (10) is extracted from pen stand (6) together with clamp (12), again it is inserted from inclined hole (20), can the picture roundlet.Also has a ditch (15) in pen stand (6) bottom, its shape is identical with the top of the L shaped part of last chi (3), and little bending is arranged, and pen stand (6) is inserted in from the long section end of last chi (3), can be along the long section longitudinal sliding motion of last chi, this pen stand is fixed on the long section of chi (3) by screw (19).Also have graticule seam (14) at pen stand (a 6) basifacial relative with screw (19), it can indicate the residing position of lead for retractable pencil (11) center line according to the position that pen stand (6) moves, thus the circle of the required radius that can draw.

By pole (16), a pole socket (17) and pole cover (18) are formed from accompanying drawing 6 visible fulcrum arms (4).Propping up pole socket (17) links together last chi (3) and following chi (2) jointly with pole cover (18).The bottom is thicker in the part that pole socket (17) bottom and play chi (2) intersect, and becomes steppedly in chi (2) down, and propping up pole socket (a 17) top excircle has screw thread.Nut in this screw thread and pole cover (18) bottom matches.Be provided with two small embossments of symmetry with following chi (2) linking part in pole socket (a 17) screw thread bottom, it can embed down in the chi (2) in corresponding two little neutral gears (small embossment and little neutral gear do not draw in the drawings), so that help pole cover (18) that the same fulcrum arm of chi (4) down is fixed together.Pole cover (18) by nut sleeve on the screw thread of a pole socket (17).And pole (16) is clamped by a pole socket (17) and pole cover (18).Nut is also arranged at pole cover (18) top, and this nut can match with the threaded portion (25) on the pole (16), does not draw bowlder, pole (16) can be pulled up, and screws in the threaded portion (25) on the pole (16) in the nut on pole cover (18) top.

This drawing equipment material therefor is stalloy or plastics.

This instrument operating position is as follows:

When drawing bowlder, can be with reference to accompanying drawing 2, to go up chi (3) overlaps with following chi (2), and with locking plate (7) baffle plate (9) is pinned, adjust the height of lead for retractable pencil (11), the height with pole (16) is adapted, pen clipping device (5) again slides, stitch the size that chi (3) institute target desire is drawn radius on (14) aligning up to graticule, and screw (19) is tightened, so that pen stand (6) is fixed on the chi (3).At this moment hand hold arm (4) upper end is a fulcrum with pole (16) tip, can the picture circular arc.If diameter of a circle less than 10.5 millimeters, can loosen screw (19), penholder (10) is inserted out from pen stand (6) together with clamp (12), make again from inclined hole (20) and fix after the insertion, can the picture roundlet.

Accompanying drawing 1 is that the pole in the accompanying drawing 2 (16) is pulled up from a pole socket (17), be screwed into the pole cover (18) with threaded portion (25) from last, again that the screw (19) on the pen stand (6) is loosening, pulling up penholder (10) inserts its lower end again from pen stand (6) top, can the picture triangle after getting ready like this, fan-shaped and parallel lines etc., now be described below respectively:

A) draw triangle: chi (2) is attached on the paper, and chi in the rotation refers on required angle its pointer, and the end points on two limits of chi connection is moved down on leg-of-mutton both sides of drawing Len req along the limit that upper and lower two chis have scale more then.Draw other polygon also therewith.Similar.

B) draw fan-shaped less than 180 °: mobile pen stand (6), make graticule (14) refer to scale that fan-shaped radius conforms on, rotary screw (19) is with penholder (10), the same chi of pen stand (6) (3) is fixed together, rotation pole (16), make only little dew from a pole socket (17) of pole tip, to play chi (2) to be attached on the paper, chi in the rotation (3), make lead for retractable pencil (11) draw arc on paper, when pointer refers to promptly stop on the required number of degrees on protractor (1), move down chi (2), with the little dew end of pole (16) perverse small holes couple together with the two ends of the drawn arc of lead for retractable pencil respectively, fan-shaped less than 180 °.

C) draw fan-shaped greater than 180 °: can find out two end points of its fan-shaped major arc and the center of circle at fan-shaped place by the method for b,, with chi (2) down the two-end-point concentric of arc be coupled together respectively then and get final product again with the method for picture circle its major arc that draws.

D) draw parallel lines, will play chi (2) to be attached on the paper, straight line is drawn on edge chi (2) down; Chi in the rotation (3) refers on 90 ° pointer, finds out the scale place that conforms to two parallel lines distance on the scale limit of chi on leaning on (3) and puts on paper with pen; Pointer is referred on 30 °, on leaning on, find out on the scale limit of chi be two parallel lines distances two times scale place again with pen point on paper, then, move down chi and connect at these 2 and promptly make satisfactory parallel lines.

The alternative plan of the design's plotter is seen accompanying drawing 7, and it is made up of protractor (26), ruler (27), fulcrum arm (28), vernier (29).Protractor (26) and ruler (27) intersect between 20～30 ° of graticules of protractor, protractor (26) other end and ruler (27) separate a neutral gear, this neutral gear is left vernier (29) for and is moved forward and backward usefulness, 50～100 millimeters of protractor (26) outside diameters, interior circular diameter is marked with angle index at annulus for 40～80 millimeters.Accompanying drawing 8 is the A-A of vernier place sectional views on the accompanying drawing 7, from the cross section of the visible ruler of this figure (27) is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, vernier (29) bottom such as crab claw Shen go out hook (35), ruler (27) is embraced, part under hook (35) is colluded and concaved in ruler (27) bottom, vernier (29) is moved forward and backward along ruler (27), vernier (29) has scale to stretch out on one side to ruler, a groove (33) is arranged thereon, the metal-coating of commercially available propelling pencil with 0.7 millimeter lead for retractable pencil of diameter is inserted in this groove (33), driving vernier (29) is the center rotation with axostylus axostyle (31) end points, and lead for retractable pencil is drawn arc at paper soil simultaneously.The center of fulcrum arm (28) just is on the center of circle of protractor (26), fulcrum arm (28) is by axostylus axostyle (31), axle sleeve (30) and bar holder (32) are formed, bar holder (32) is fixed on the ruler (27), it is upwards upright on one side from the no graticule of ruler (27), stretch out to there being the graticule direction to meet at right angles again, there is axostylus axostyle (31) to pass this extension, also be extension with the top of axostylus axostyle (31) fix on protractor (26) in the heart, axle sleeve (30) is passed on axostylus axostyle top, and axostylus axostyle (31) is free to rotate in axle sleeve.

The using method of the design's alternative plan plotter is as follows:

Do fan-shaped: vernier (29) is fixed in fan-shaped required length of side place, be affixed on protractor (26) on the paper and on paper, write down the required angle from 0 ° from protractor (26), with pen from a groove (33) to the center of circle of pole direction setting-out up to protractor (26), backspin pole (28), pole (28) tip is fixed in makes fulcrum on the paper, drive vernier (29) rotation with propelling pencil, by the lead for retractable pencil circular arc that draws, the mark of being done before 0 ° of mark on the protractor (26) reaches stops, last circumflex branch bar (28), make its break away from paper a little, again along ruler (27) setting-out, the center of circle until protractor (26) can obtain fan-shaped.

Do circle, triangle, multiform angle and make fan-shaped method similar, making the parallel lines method can be with reference to the first scheme plotter.

The design's drawing equipment integrates the function of ruler, compasses, protractor and set square, the rapidly mapping that can save time, and economy and durability accurately, flexibly, is suitable for primary and secondary students and makes the usefulness such as geometric drawing.

Claims

1, plotter, it is characterized in that: form by protractor (1), last chi (3), following chi (2), fulcrum arm (4) and pen clipping device (5), the straight line of protractor (1) overlaps mutually with graduated one side of following chi (2), scale also overlaps, last chi (3) is linked together by fulcrum arm (4) with following chi (2), last chi (3) can be around this fulcrum arm (4) rotation, and its most advanced and sophisticated angle index that points on the protractor (1), pen clipping device (5) is embedded in the L shaped end of the long section of chi (3), and pen clipping device (5) can vertically move along last chi.

2, according to the said plotter of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said protractor (1) is semi-round ring shape, and outside diameter is 50～55 millimeters, and 40～45 millimeters of interior circular diameters, thickness are 0.8 millimeter.

3, according to the said plotter of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the said short section of chi (3) that goes up is sheet, on short section top pointer is arranged, shape on the long section of last chi (3) be the upper end slightly to the side turn L shaped, there is a catch of vertically holding up (9) on another top in long section, last chi thickness is 0.4 millimeter, and 100 millimeters of long segment lengths have graduation mark in the L shaped bottom of long section.

4, according to the said plotter of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said down chi be thick be 0.8 millimeter sheet shape, scale is arranged thereon, the lock tube (8) of with lock (7) is arranged at the other end.

5, according to the said plotter of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said pen clipping device (5) is made up of with screw (13), (19) pen stand (6), penholder (10), lead for retractable pencil (11), clamp (12), lead for retractable pencil (11) is at penholder (10) center, three sections vertical intercepts (21) (22) (23) are arranged on cylindrical penholder (10), clamp (12) with the arch borehole jack on intercept (22), except that circular hole, also have an inclined hole (20) in pen stand (6) bottom, a ditch (15) and a graticule seam (14) are arranged in the pen stand bottom.

6, according to the said plotter of claim 1, it is characterized in that, said fulcrum arm (4) is made up of pole (16), a pole socket (17) and pole cover (18), prop up pole socket (17) bottom and be connected, and pole (16) is fixed on the center of circle of protractor (1) with pole cover (18) with last chi (3), following chi (2).

7, according to claim 1 or 5 said plotters, it is characterized in that: said lead for retractable pencil (11) diameter is 0.7 millimeter.

8, plotter, it is characterized in that: form by protractor (26), ruler (27), fulcrum arm (28) and vernier (29), one end of protractor (26) and ruler (27) intersect between 20 °～30 ° of the protractor scales, between the other end of protractor (26) and the ruler (27) neutral gear is arranged, vernier (29) can move forward and backward on ruler (27), axostylus axostyle (31) tip of fulcrum arm (28) just in time in protractor (26) in the heart.

9, according to the said plotter of claim 8, it is characterized in that: said fulcrum arm (28) is by a pole socket (32), axle sleeve (30) and axostylus axostyle (31) are formed, and axostylus axostyle (31) passes axle sleeve (30) and bar holder (32) is freely rotated among axle sleeve (30).

10, according to the said plotter of claim 8, it is characterized in that: said vernier (29) is embraced ruler (27) in the bottom with hook (35), at vernier a groove (33) is arranged on the extension of ruler (27) scale direction, screw (34) is arranged at vernier top.

According to claim 8 or 9 said plotters, it is characterized in that 11, said vernier (29) is inserted in the middle driven rotary of a groove (33) by the outer metallic sheath of the propelling pencil lead for retractable pencil of commercially available usefulness 0.7 mm dia lead for retractable pencil and makes arc.