CN205336273U - Electric energy meter RS485 communication fault detects device of self -healing - Google Patents
Electric energy meter RS485 communication fault detects device of self -healing Download PDFInfo
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- CN205336273U CN205336273U CN201520639120.6U CN201520639120U CN205336273U CN 205336273 U CN205336273 U CN 205336273U CN 201520639120 U CN201520639120 U CN 201520639120U CN 205336273 U CN205336273 U CN 205336273U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an electric energy meter RS485 communication fault detects device of self -healing, the device includes: the main RS485 communication circuit who sets up all the way, its communication input and RS485 bus connection, its signal output part and the signal input part of main RS485 communication with MUX electronic switch are connected, the RS485 communication circuit that cascades who goes the same way and set up, its signal input part and RS485 bus connection, its signal output part and the communication of main RS485 are connected with MUX electronic switch's signal input part, the multichannel set up from RS485 communication circuit, its signal input part respectively with the RS485 bus connection that corresponds, its signal output part is connected with MUX electronic switch's signal input part with communicating from RS485 of corresponding respectively. The utility model discloses a device can carry out fault self diagnosis, fault type location, self -isolation and self -resuming to the RS485's among the intelligent ammeter communication link.
Description
Technical field
This utility model relates to the device of a kind of electric energy meter RS485 communication failure detection spontaneous recovery
Background technology
Since 2009, the intelligent grid building-up work large area along with China is carried out, and services, as smart grid electricity usage, the intelligent electric energy meter being used for realizing two-way interaction power mode in link and has started to large-scale installation。And reliably real-time to realize two-way interaction power mode, the communication mode of intelligent electric energy meter, communication reliability become serious restriction and realize the bottleneck of all standing two-way interaction electricity consumption, and the communication mode of existing intelligent electric energy meter includes: infrared communication, PLC carrier communication, small wireless communication, RS485 communication。Infrared communication so having been changed to a subsidiary communications function, is now mainly used in the on-site maintenance of attendant owing to cannot realize interconnecting。Although and PLC carrier communication communicates with small wireless and can reduce wiring when electric energy meter is installed, but later stage debugging cycle is long, and the reliability of communication is very serious by extraneous environmental disturbances。Only RS485 communication can not only realize interconnecting, install terminate after the reliability of communication be also not substantially affected by the environmental disturbances in the external world, can all standing two-way interaction power mode of perfect realization electrical domain。But RS485 communicates with substantial amounts of wiring, there is also following shortcoming:
1) wiring cannot be confirmed whether after terminating that wiring is correct on the spot, could can only not communicate by certain electric energy meter in discovery system when follow-up checking meter。
2) what wire laying mode adopted is all the connected mode of bus mounting, all being connected together in physical layer, a certain electric energy meter communication line breaks down, and can affect the communication of whole network, and on-the-spot investigation need to investigate each node could to fault location, it is impossible to quickly investigate fault。
3) RS485 communications Distance Theory has been said 1200 meters, but actually used in owing to being single bus mode, there is the phenomenon that driving force is not enough, thus reliable communications can be affected。
4) RS485 communication failure type is always divided into short trouble, reversal connection fault, electric energy meter permanent fault, open circuit fault, when a failure occurs, it is impossible to position fault type quickly and accurately。
Although utility model patent " a kind of novel RS-485 port failure detection and shielding system and method thereof " (patent No. is 201210244147.6) literary composition proposes a kind of method detecting RS-485 port failure, the method can only achieve the single goal of RS485 communication failure isolation, but use in intelligent grid field and still there is following problem:
1) after wiring terminates or when investigating at the scene, cannot immediately know that whether RS485 bus exists the fault electric energy meter being not isolated from。
2) single bus mode cannot be transformed into Star Schema, also just cannot increase the driving force of whole system。
3) fault type cannot be positioned。
4) by utility model device self timing under connect equipment communicate operation come the mode that whether exists of failure judgement in intelligent electric energy meter kilowatt meter reading-out system can the accuracy checked meter of severe jamming and success rate, itself become the principal element reducing success rate of checking meter on the contrary。
Utility model content
This utility model purpose is the device that the defect existed for prior art provides the detection spontaneous recovery of a kind of electric energy meter RS485 communication failure, which solve a puzzlement intelligent electric energy meter industry difficult problem for many years, system cannot immediately know that after mounting system whether can normal operation and system when running at the scene due to a certain electric energy meter RS485 communication failure, thus causing that the communication of whole system is paralysed, and scene investigation fault difficulty, also fault type cannot be positioned, it is necessary to each node in investigation RS485 bus could eliminate fault。This utility model also solves a practical problem of intelligent electric energy meter industry onsite application due to single bus mode, there is the problem that driving force deficiency affects communication reliability。
This utility model for achieving the above object, adopts the following technical scheme that the device of a kind of electric energy meter RS485 communication failure detection spontaneous recovery, including:
The main RS485 telecommunication circuit that one tunnel is arranged, its communication input is connected with RS485 bus, and its signal output part is connected with the signal input part of main RS485 communication MUX electrical switch；
The cascade RS485 telecommunication circuit that one tunnel is arranged, its signal input part is connected with RS485 bus, and its signal output part is connected with the signal input part of main RS485 communication MUX electrical switch；
Multichannel arrange from RS485 telecommunication circuit, its signal input part respectively with corresponding RS485 bus connection, its signal output part connects from the signal input part of RS485 communication MUX electrical switch with corresponding respectively；
Each described coupling corresponding to the signal output part of described main RS485 communication MUX electrical switch respectively from the signal output part of RS485 communication MUX electrical switch, and be connected with the first signal input part of MCU single-chip microcomputer；
AD sample circuit, its signal input part respectively with corresponding described in connect from the signal output part of RS485 telecommunication circuit, its signal output part is connected with the secondary signal input of described MCU single-chip microcomputer；
MCU single-chip microcomputer, it controls input and is connected with button, its first control output end is logical to be connected with the main controling input end of main RS485 communication MUX electrical switch, and its second control output end connects from the main controling input end of RS485 communication MUX electrical switch with corresponding respectively through trouble light。
Further, described MCU single-chip microcomputer also respectively with reversal connection malfunction indicator lamp, short trouble display lamp, open circuit fault display lamp and be connected from malfunction indicator lamp。
Further, described RS485 telecommunication circuit is provided with 24 tunnels。
The beneficial effects of the utility model: the communication link of the RS485 in intelligent electric energy meter can be carried out fault self-diagnosis, fault type location, self-isolation and self-recoverage by device of the present utility model, it is achieved that the detection of intelligent electric energy meter RS 485 communication fault, spontaneous recovery。
Method of the present utility model can pass through the monitoring on A, B circuit, it is judged that all kinds of events of each path RS485, and when RS485 bus free, whether each branch road RS485 fault of real-time judge returns to normally, normally continues to connect the telecommunication circuit of RS485。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of this utility model device。
The networking schematic diagram of Fig. 2 this utility model device。
The flow chart of Fig. 3 this utility model fault detect。
The flow chart of Fig. 4 this utility model scene real-time fault detection。
The flow chart of Fig. 5 this utility model fault self-recovery。
Detailed description of the invention
Shown in Fig. 1, detect the device of spontaneous recovery for a kind of electric energy meter RS485 communication failure of the present utility model, including:
The main RS485 telecommunication circuit 1 that one tunnel is arranged, its communication input is connected with RS485 bus, and its signal output part is connected with the signal input part of main RS485 communication MUX electrical switch 3；
The cascade RS485 telecommunication circuit 2 that one tunnel is arranged, its signal input part is connected with RS485 bus, and its signal output part is connected with the signal input part of main RS485 communication MUX electrical switch 3；
Multichannel arrange from RS485 telecommunication circuit 9, its signal input part respectively with corresponding RS485 bus connection, its signal output part connects from the signal input part of RS485 communication MUX electrical switch 4 with corresponding respectively；
Each described coupling corresponding to the signal output part of described main RS485 communication MUX electrical switch 3 respectively from the signal output part of RS485 communication MUX electrical switch 4, and be connected with the first signal input part of MCU single-chip microcomputer 6；
AD sample circuit 8, its signal input part respectively with corresponding described in connect from the signal output part of RS485 telecommunication circuit 9, its signal output part is connected with the secondary signal input of described MCU single-chip microcomputer 6；
MCU single-chip microcomputer 6, it controls input and is connected with button 7, its first control output end is logical to be connected with the main controling input end of main RS485 communication MUX electrical switch 3, and its second control output end connects from the main controling input end of RS485 communication MUX electrical switch 9 with corresponding respectively through trouble light 5。
Wherein, described MCU single-chip microcomputer 6 also respectively with reversal connection malfunction indicator lamp 61, short trouble display lamp 62, open circuit fault display lamp 63 and be connected from malfunction indicator lamp 64。
In this utility model, described RS485 telecommunication circuit 9 is provided with 24 tunnels。
The method of a kind of electric energy meter RS485 communication failure of the present utility model detection spontaneous recovery, including judging step as follows:
The first step, is controlled main RS485 communication MUX electrical switch 3 by MCU single-chip microcomputer 6 and communicates with the control input of MUX electrical switch 4 with each from RS485, to disconnect the connection of all RS485 telecommunication circuits；Meanwhile, whether MCU single-chip microcomputer 6 self-inspection exists fault, as there is fault, then lights from malfunction indicator lamp 64；As being absent from fault, then connect the connection of all RS485 telecommunication circuits；
Second step, MCU single-chip microcomputer 6 detects 24 roads level from A, B two lines road RS485 telecommunication circuit 9 outfan respectively by AD sample circuit 8；If wherein a road from the level of the A circuit RS485 telecommunication circuit 9 level less than B circuit, or the level of A circuit deducts the level of B circuit less than 400mV, fault is there is in that then thinks this road from RS485 telecommunication circuit 9, the control input from RS485 communication MUX electrical switch 4 on this road is now controlled by MCU monolithic 6 machine, to disconnect the connection from RS485 telecommunication circuit 9 on this road, and light the malfunction indicator lamp 5 on this road；If the level of described A circuit is less than the level of B circuit, then reversal connection malfunction indicator lamp 61 then can be lighted by MCU single-chip microcomputer；If the level of A circuit deducts the level of B circuit less than 400mV, then short circuit malfunction indicator lamp 62 then can be lighted by MCU single-chip microcomputer；
3rd step, MCU single-chip microcomputer 6 detects the communications status of RS485 bus, and the result of communication from RS485 telecommunication circuit 9 on each branch road that recorded is stored；If having branch road not communicate in 24 hours, then MCU single-chip microcomputer 6 issues communication data according to the result of communication recorded to respective branch；If no response, then it is assumed that this branch road exists fault, lights the malfunction indicator lamp 5 on this branch road, and lights open circuit fault display lamp 63；
4th step, long button 7 some seconds, treats that device enters labor management state, and MCU single-chip microcomputer 6 first disconnects the control input of main RS485 communication MUX electrical switch 3, and disconnects the control input from RS485 communication MUX electrical switch 4 of each branch road；Then in turn switch on again each branch road from RS485 telecommunication circuit 9, carry out the first step respectively to the fault detect of the 3rd step and breakdown judge, and carry out Fault Isolation and fault alarm according to the result judged。
In this utility model, also include judging step as follows: when MCU single-chip microcomputer 6 detects RS485 bus free, according to the failure condition of each branch road, connect respective branch and according to whether all kinds of malfunctions judged before still exist；If it is present keep Fault Isolation state, if fault recovery is switched on this road from RS485 telecommunication circuit 9, then extinguish the malfunction indicator lamp 5 on this road。
Now just illustrate how device of the present utility model achieves in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 and change to Star Schema from single bus mode, to strengthen the driving force of bus。Original group network topological structure is concentrator-harvester-electric energy meter, RS485 communication pattern be a harvester 485 buses under hang the single bus mode of multiple electric energy meter；In Fig. 1, after using this utility model, after group network topological structure, become concentrator-harvester-this utility model device-electric energy meter。After having added this utility model device in the middle of harvester and electric energy meter, known in conjunction with Fig. 2, the pattern of RS485 communication changes to Star Schema of the present utility model from traditional monobus, that is drive multiple way electric table to become 1 RS485 circuit (harvester) from 1 original RS485 circuit (harvester) and drive the main RS485 telecommunication circuit this utility model device and cascade RS485 telecommunication circuit, main RS485 telecommunication circuit drives 24 roads from 485 telecommunication circuits again, and often road drives descending multiple way electric table again from 485 telecommunication circuits, so below original single collection drive n electric energy meter become 24*n electric energy meter, and cascade 485 telecommunication circuit can hang device of the present utility model below, again the electric energy meter quantity driven is increased one times。And being also carried out isolation physically, certain has fault without influence on other from the electric energy meter RS485 telecommunication circuit from electric energy meter RS485 telecommunication circuit。
Fig. 3 is the flow chart realizing fault detect in this utility model embodiment。Just illustrate how to realize the detection of fault below in conjunction with the flow chart of Fig. 3。
In a step 101, fault detect starts。
In a step 102, power-up initializing parameter and each control, detection port。And proceed by self-inspection, the control pin of all of MUX electrical switch of MCU Single-chip Controlling, the connection of disconnection and all RS485 telecommunication circuits, detects whether each function of device of the present utility model self exists fault；As there is fault, lighting from malfunction indicator lamp, connecting the connection of all RS485 telecommunication circuits as being absent from fault。
In step 103, the communications status of each branch road monitored by MCU single-chip microcomputer, and the result of monitoring is preserved according to branch road information。
At step 104, MCU single-chip microcomputer needs to judge that whether bus is idle, if not idle communications status process being entered to the step 103 continuation each branch road of monitoring of bus。If bus free is put into step 105。
In step 105, MCU single-chip microcomputer by AD sampling circuit samples to 24 roads from RS485 communication line A, B two lines road on A, B level data, it is judged that whether A level less than B level。If A level just illustrates there is reversal connection fault less than B level, process enters step 110。If more than B level, A level illustrates that process enters step 106 without reversal connection fault。
In step 106, MCU single-chip microcomputer continues to judge that whether A level deducts B level less than or equal to 400mV。If A level deducts B level and just illustrates there is short trouble less than or equal to 400mV, process enters step 110。If A level deducts B level more than 400mV, illustrate that process enters step 107 without short trouble。
In step 107, MCU single-chip microcomputer needs to judge whether each branch road exists 24 hours all without communication (electric energy meter reading system every 24 hours can copy reading 2 times to 3 times), if it is determined that to having not communication in branch road 24 hours, process entrance step 108。If all branch roads have communication, process and return to step 103。
In step 108, the branch road not having communication, according to the branch road information being saved in step 103, is communicated by MCU single-chip microcomputer。Process enters step 109。
In step 109, in the time required in electric energy meter communication protocol standard, it is judged that whether the result of communication is consistent with the branch road information of preservation；If consistent, then process and return to step 103；If it is inconsistent, process enters step 110。
In step 110, according to step 105,, judged result in step 106 and step 109, first update branch road information, then store malfunction, control this road control pin from RS485 communication MUX electrical switch, disconnect this road from RS485 communication line, light this road malfunction indicator lamp, if the fault in step 105 is just lighted, then light reversal connection malfunction indicator lamp；If the fault in step 105, then light short trouble display lamp, if the fault in step 106, then light open circuit fault display lamp。
In step 111, whole fault detect terminates。
Fig. 4 is the flow chart realizing on-the-spot real-time fault detection in this utility model embodiment。Just illustrate how to realize on-the-spot real-time fault detection by the mode of labor management in conjunction with the flow chart in the flow chart of Fig. 4 and Fig. 3 below。
In step 201, on-the-spot real-time fault detection brings into operation。
In step 202., it is judged that whether button has exceeded more than 3 seconds。Continue to enter step 202 without exceeding, if it exceeds be put into step 203。
In step 203, the control pin of all of MUX electrical switch of MCU Single-chip Controlling, the connection of disconnection and all RS485 telecommunication circuits。
In step 204, whether each function in conjunction with the self-test device of the description in Fig. 3 exists fault, and as there is fault, then process enters step 210, otherwise enters step 205。
In step 205, in turn switching on each branch road RS485 communication line, and judge that whether the port number connected is more than 24, if being not more than 24, then process enters step 206, and if greater than 24, then process enters step 211。
In step 206, in conjunction with the MCU single-chip microcomputer of the description in Fig. 3 by AD sample circuit sampling this branch road from the A on A, B two lines road RS485 communication line, B level data, it is judged that whether A level is less than B level。If A level just illustrates there is reversal connection fault less than B level, process enters step 210。If more than B level, A level illustrates that process enters step 207 without reversal connection fault。
In step 207, continue to judge that whether A level deducts B level less than or equal to 400mV in conjunction with the description MCU single-chip microcomputer in Fig. 3。If A level deducts B level and just illustrates there is short trouble less than or equal to 400mV, then process enters step 210。If A level deducts B level more than 400mV, illustrate without short trouble, then process enters step 208。
In a step 208, MCU single-chip microcomputer uses the point-to-point reading mailing address instruction in electric energy meter communication protocol, and this branch road is communicated, and in the time required in electric energy meter communication protocol standard, this branch road does not have correct time code, then process enters step 210。Otherwise process enters step 209。
In step 209, owing to this branch road RS485 communication line not having fault, the control pin of the MUX electrical switch of MCU this branch road of Single-chip Controlling, connect this road RS485 communication line, remove this road malfunction, extinguish this road malfunction indicator lamp。
In step 210, according to the judged result in above-mentioned steps 204, step 206, step 207 and step 208, first update branch road information, store malfunction again, if the fault in step 204 is just lighted from malfunction indicator lamp, if the fault in step 206 just lights reversal connection malfunction indicator lamp, if the fault in step 207 just lights short trouble display lamp, if the fault in step 208 just lights open circuit fault display lamp。
In step 211, the control pin of MCU Single-chip Controlling main RS485 communication MUX electrical switch, and connect main RS485 telecommunication circuit, cascade RS485 telecommunication circuit。
In the step 212, on-the-spot real-time fault detection is terminated。
Just can investigate fault after installing so at the scene in time, and the maintenance of fault can be carried out according to the type instruction of fault and branch road instruction。
Fig. 5 is the flow chart realizing fault self-recovery in this utility model embodiment。Just how illustrate by realizing fault self-recovery in conjunction with the flow chart of Fig. 5 below。
In step 301, fault self-recovery starts。
In step 302, MCU single-chip microcomputer need to judge that whether bus is idle, if bus is not idle enters step 309 with regard to process。If bus free is put into step 303。
In step 303, MCU single-chip microcomputer controls the control pin from RS485 communication MUX electrical switch that there is fault successively according to the number of the fault branch existed, connect this branch road from RS485 telecommunication circuit, and determine whether a loop ends, if terminated, then process enters step 309, if it has not ended, then process enters step 30。
In step 304, MCU single-chip microcomputer is by sampling this branch road in AD sample circuit from the A on A, B two lines road RS485 communication line, B level data, it is judged that whether A level is less than B level。If A level just illustrates there is reversal connection fault less than B level, process enters step 308。If A level illustrates without reversal connection fault more than B level, then process enters step 305。
In step 305, MCU single-chip microcomputer continues to judge that whether A level deducts B level less than or equal to 400mV, if A level deducts B level and just illustrates there is short trouble less than or equal to 400mV, then process enters step 308。If A level deducts B level more than 400mV, illustrate without short trouble, then process enters step 306。
Within step 306, MCU single-chip microcomputer uses the point-to-point reading mailing address instruction in electric energy meter communication protocol, and this branch road is communicated, and in the time required in electric energy meter communication protocol standard, this branch road does not have correct time code, and process enters step 308。Otherwise process enters step 307。
In step 307, remove this stored road fault message, extinguish this road malfunction indicator lamp。
In step 308, according to the judged result in step 304, step 305 and step 306 before, use the control pin of MUX electrical switch from RS485 communication by this branch road of MCU Single-chip Controlling, and disconnect this branch road from RS485 communication line, light this road malfunction indicator lamp, if the fault in step 304, just light reversal connection malfunction indicator lamp；If the fault in step 305, just light short trouble display lamp；If the fault in step 306, just light open circuit fault display lamp。
In a step 309, each branch trouble state according to storage, light reversal connection malfunction indicator lamp, short trouble display lamp and open circuit fault display lamp。
In the step 310, whole fault self-recovery terminates。
From fault, what this place needed specified otherwise illustrates that device own also exists fault, cannot normal operation, Gu not in fault self-recovery。
It should be stressed: in intelligent electric meter field, require that success rate reaches more than 99% owing to checking meter, so this utility model can not affect real-time and the accuracy of original task of checking meter in system group network, namely MCU single-chip microcomputer of the present utility model only does monitoring effect in whole process, when determine need bus is operated time, guarantee that bus is in the free time, otherwise exist and the situation of task conflict of checking meter, finally instead result in the reduction of communication success rate。
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, not in order to limit this utility model, all within spirit of the present utility model and principle, any amendment of making, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within protection domain of the present utility model。
Claims (3)
1. the device of an electric energy meter RS485 communication failure detection spontaneous recovery, it is characterised in that including:
The main RS485 telecommunication circuit that one tunnel is arranged, its communication input is connected with RS485 bus, and its signal output part is connected with the signal input part of main RS485 communication MUX electrical switch；
The cascade RS485 telecommunication circuit that one tunnel is arranged, its signal input part is connected with RS485 bus, and its signal output part is connected with the signal input part of main RS485 communication MUX electrical switch；
Multichannel arrange from RS485 telecommunication circuit, its signal input part respectively with corresponding RS485 bus connection, its signal output part connects from the signal input part of RS485 communication MUX electrical switch with corresponding respectively；
Each described coupling corresponding to the signal output part of described main RS485 communication MUX electrical switch respectively from the signal output part of RS485 communication MUX electrical switch, and be connected with the first signal input part of MCU single-chip microcomputer；
AD sample circuit, its signal input part respectively with corresponding described in connect from the signal output part of RS485 telecommunication circuit, its signal output part is connected with the secondary signal input of described MCU single-chip microcomputer；
MCU single-chip microcomputer, it controls input and is connected with button, its first control output end is logical to be connected with the main controling input end of main RS485 communication MUX electrical switch, and its second control output end connects from the main controling input end of RS485 communication MUX electrical switch with corresponding respectively through trouble light。
2. the device of a kind of electric energy meter RS485 communication failure as claimed in claim 1 detection spontaneous recovery, it is characterised in that described MCU single-chip microcomputer also respectively with reversal connection malfunction indicator lamp, short trouble display lamp, open circuit fault display lamp and be connected from malfunction indicator lamp。
3. the device of a kind of electric energy meter RS485 communication failure as claimed in claim 2 detection spontaneous recovery, it is characterised in that described RS485 telecommunication circuit is provided with 24 tunnels。
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| CN105099506A (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2015-11-25 | 江阴长仪集团有限公司 | Electric energy meter RS485 communication failure detecting and self-healing device and method |
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