CN205313131U - Sulfur acid and multiple effect evaporation enrichment facility of salt solution thereof - Google Patents
Sulfur acid and multiple effect evaporation enrichment facility of salt solution thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN205313131U CN205313131U CN201521071561.7U CN201521071561U CN205313131U CN 205313131 U CN205313131 U CN 205313131U CN 201521071561 U CN201521071561 U CN 201521071561U CN 205313131 U CN205313131 U CN 205313131U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a sulfur acid and multiple effect evaporation enrichment facility of salt solution thereof, specifically speaking be design the acid bath, two bathe, the flow device of " the advection advance sourly, key preheat, the cocurrent flow arranges sour, end and imitate crystallization (optional) " of sour water for the evaporative concentration or the evaporation crystalline sulfuric acid sodium of acid bath, two baths, sour water. The utility model discloses a device connect to realize that former effects evaporimeter advections advance sour combination comdenstion water residual heat resources utilization and carry out focus and preheat, reaches to reduce former effects and advance sour intensification heat, increases the purpose of evaporation heat, by a wide margin the reduction evaporate soda and compare. The utility model has the advantages of reduce evaporation energy consumption and cost by a wide margin, solve sulfur acid and salt solution and discharge, can tie the bright powder of wafer by direct expansion, solve glauber's salt emission etc, enterprise economic benefit has been improved, the most advanced level of the industry of far being out of the line.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the sulfur acid of chemical fiber in producing and the evaporation recycling of salting liquid thereof, toolSay the Multi-effect evaporation compression apparatus of a kind of sulfur acid and salting liquid thereof body, acid bath, two is bathed and acidityThe recycling of water, described acid bath is sulfur acid and the higher spinning of concentration of salt solution thereof of temperature 45 C-55 DEG CBathe, described two bathe and described acid water is that sulfur acid and the concentration of salt solution thereof of temperature 70 C-95 DEG C is lower and denseSpend lower spinning technique water.
Background technology
Spray silk in production process of viscose fiber, solidifying silk, washing a process, is the main procedure that fiber becomes silk. FineDimension is frozen into silk and washes a process, and the sulfur acid of generation and salting liquid thereof mainly comprise acid bath, two baths and acidProperty water. The concentration of acid bath sulfur acid and salting liquid thereof is higher, and temperature low (being about 45 DEG C-55 DEG C), is recycled intoThis is also low; Two bath concentrations are lower, temperature high (80 DEG C-95 DEG C), and many large enterprises reclaim, but reclaimMethod is blended in acid bath evaporates recovery together with acid bath, and method is improper, and energy consumption is high; Acid waterTemperature high though (70 DEG C-95 DEG C), concentration is very low, and cost recovery is very high, so acid water is not returned so farReceive, but along with the enhancing of people's environmental consciousness, the recovery of a few years from now on inner acidic water is imperative.
Someone imagines the MVR technology of using, and compression indirect steam evaporation two is bathed, acid water. But MVR per minuteThe impeller compressed steam of the High Rotation Speed that clock 1～20,000 turn, the impeller of 316L material is also unable to undergo acid bath high temperature twoThe corrosion of hydrogen sulfide and acid mist in inferior steam, is more also unable to undergo the sulphur fouling in indirect steam, corrosion and knotDirt all can destroy the dynamic balancing of high-speed rotating impeller, causes sharp pounding, thus MVR device should not acid bath,In two baths, acid water evaporation, use. Also have a kind of ionic membrane technology can separate the acidity of low temperature, low concentrationWater, but acid water first need to be lowered the temperature, and can only concentrate one times, can not deal with problems. Therefore, having mustWant utility model a kind of very energy-conservation, what comprehensive benefit was good can all reclaim acid bath, two bath and acid watersEvaporation technology and device.
Utility model content
Return according to the acid bath of discharging in the production process of viscose fiber of above-mentioned proposition, two baths, acid evaporation of waterThe technical problem of receiving, and the Multi-effect evaporation compression apparatus of a kind of sulfur acid and salting liquid thereof is provided. This practicality is newType is mainly by the reasonable connection of evaporimeter and preheater etc., and " advection enters acid, emphasis preheating, also flows in realizationAcid discharge, end effect crystallization (can select) " technological process, in actual production by controlling advection acid intake amount,Make two baths, the acid water of high temperature in the time entering an effect, 2nd effect evaporator, reach boiling-point feeding, eight effect evaporationsSteam-water ratio can reach 0.12; Acid bath temperature is lower, if make full use of condensed water heat preheating, six effects are steamedSend out steam-water ratio and can reach 0.19 and be better than at present, state-of-the-art 16 grades of huge flash distillation steam-water ratio are 0.22.
In five effect evaporations of end effect or end two effect design crystallizing evaporators, can be at end effect or end two effect evaporation knotsBrilliant glauber salt, glauber salt consumption steam per ton is 304 kilograms, and traditional handicraft needs 1684 kilograms, chemical fibre connectionCredit union's new up-to-date flash crystallization technology of promoting in 2015 is 495 kilograms, and than flash crystallization production technologySimply, do not need alternate run. Really realize energy-saving and emission-reduction synergy.
The technological means that the utility model adopts is as follows:
A Multi-effect evaporation compression apparatus for sulfur acid and salting liquid thereof, comprise in turn the 1st effective evaporator that connects,2nd effect evaporator is until last 2nd effect evaporator and last evaporator, and described sulfur acid and salting liquid thereof comprise viscose glueThe acid bath, two that silk produces in producing is bathed and acid waters, described acid bath be temperature 45 C-55 DEG C sulfur acid andThe spinning bath that concentration of salt solution is higher, described two bathe and described acid water be temperature 70 C-95 DEG C sulfur acid andLower and the lower spinning technique water of concentration of its concentration of salt solution, is characterized in that:
The described sulfur acid of a part and salting liquid thereof pass through two～tetra-according to default solution temperature and concentration valueBranch road selects advection after preheater preheating in parallel or preheater series connection preheating to enter the first two effect～front quadruple effect evaporationDevice, is respectively the first branch road and enters described 1st effective evaporator by corresponding preheater advection, and the second branch road is logicalCross corresponding preheater advection and enter described 2nd effect evaporator, until the 4th branch road is flat by corresponding preheaterFlow to into four-effect evaporator;
Described in another part, sulfur acid and salting liquid thereof enter follow-up each single-effect evaporator without the direct advection of preheating;
The acid discharge of each single-effect evaporator enters the lower 1st effective evaporator being adjacent by U-shaped Guan Bingliu, until lastThe acid discharge of single-effect evaporator enters concentrated acid tank.
The multiple-effect evaporation of sulfur acid of the present invention and salting liquid thereof refers to recovery place to acid bath, two baths and acid waterReason, described acid bath is sulfur acid and the higher spinning bath of concentration of salt solution thereof of temperature 45 C-55 DEG C, described twoBath is that temperature is sulfur acid and the lower viscose fresh water (FW) of concentration of salt solution thereof of 80 DEG C-95 DEG C, described acidityWater is that temperature is 70 DEG C of-95 DEG C of degree, the spinning technique water that concentration is lower; Wherein, the higher finger acid bath of concentration containsSulfuric acid 100-120g/l, the lower finger two of concentration is bathed sulfur acid 45～60g/l, the lower finger acid water of concentration sulfur acid8～20g/l。
Further, in the time that described sulfur acid and salting liquid thereof are acid bath, described Multi-effect evaporation compression apparatus isTriple effect～eight effect, a part of described acid bath enters 2nd effect evaporator and an effect by the preheater advection after preheating of connectingEvaporimeter, described preheater series connection preheating refers to that described acid bath is preheating to 2 grades of preheatings successively from n-1 level preheaterDevice enters 2nd effect evaporator, then is preheating to 1 grade of preheater and enters 1st effective evaporator, and wherein n is evaporimeter effectNumber; Described in another part, the direct advection of acid bath enters follow-up each single-effect evaporator; Acid after each single-effect evaporator is concentratedBathe, from 1st effective evaporator, and stream enters 2nd effect evaporator, triple effect steaming successively step by step through U-shaped pipe step by stepHair device, n-1 single-effect evaporator, n single-effect evaporator are discharged.
Acid bath is several effect into acid after former effect acid intake amounts are less than, and that is to say that rear a few effect will enter acid more, enters oneThe acid bath of effect, 2nd effect evaporator be through the preheater preheating of series connection reach higher enter sour temperature, at different levels pre-The origin of heat of hot device is the waste heat of the condensed water that produces of evaporimeter at the same level. Rear a few single-effect evaporator is due to evaporationAcid temperature is low, and entering acid can not preheating.
Further, in the time that described sulfur acid and salting liquid thereof are two baths or acid water, described multiple-effect evaporation is denseCompression apparatus is six effect～ten effects, a part described two bathe or acid water by preheater preheating in parallel after advection enterThe first two effect～front sextuple effect, the preheating in parallel of described preheater refers to that described two baths or acid water are respectively by 1Level preheater, 2 grades of preheaters ..., n-4 level preheater, after the heat preheating with condensed water at the same level, enter respectivelyEnter 1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator ..., n-4 single-effect evaporator, wherein n is evaporimeter effect number; Another portionPoint described two bathe or the direct advection of acid water enters n-3 single-effect evaporator, n-2 single-effect evaporator, n-1 single-effect evaporator,N single-effect evaporator is not intake; Condensed water after each single-effect evaporator evaporation, from 1st effective evaporator, and stream step by stepEnter step by step 2nd effect evaporator, triple effect evaporator until n-1 single-effect evaporator, n single-effect evaporator row through U-shaped pipeGo out.
The temperature of two baths or acid water is high, does not need preheating step by step, only needs condensed water preheater at the same level pre-Heat can be preheating to two baths or acid water the boiling temperature of this grade of evaporimeter, due to two baths and acid water concentrationLow, therefore can intake in former effects more, rear several effects are not intake, and object is to allow the temperature of two baths, acid waterAdvantage, produces more indirect steam in an effect, two effects, and cumulative in aftereffect, improves heat economy benefit.
Further, when described sulfur acid and salting liquid thereof are that acid bath, two is bathed and the evaporation of acid water combined heatWhen processing, described Multi-effect evaporation compression apparatus is five effect～eight effects, and a part described two is bathed and/or acid water passes throughAfter preheater preheating in parallel, advection enters 1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator, described in another part two bathe and/orThe direct advection of acid water enters triple effect evaporator～n-2 single-effect evaporator; Described acid bath advection enters last evaporatorOr last 2nd effect evaporator; Two baths after each single-effect evaporator is concentrated or acid water are from 1st effective evaporator, and streamEnter 2nd effect evaporator, triple effect evaporator through U-shaped pipe step by step ..., and from n-1 single-effect evaporator, n single-effect evaporatorThe acid bath entering mixes evaporation and concentration, finally discharges from n single-effect evaporator.
Further, described last evaporator or last 2nd effect evaporator are replaceable is crystallizing evaporator, described manyIt is triple effect～six effect at interior evapo tranpiration effect number that effect evaporation concentration device comprises end effect crystallizing evaporator. When needs knotWhen brilliant sodium sulphate, last evaporator and last 2nd effect evaporator are replaced with to crystallizing evaporator, in the time of evaporative crystallization,Make the concentrate of acid bath, two baths, acid water, before arrival end effect, end two effect crystallizing evaporators, reach sulfuric acidSodium saturated or approach saturated, end effect or end two effect sodium sulfate crystals.
Further, aforementioned each single-effect evaporator is graphite-pipe falling film evaporator; When end effect or last two is imitated as evaporationWhen crystallizer, described crystallizing evaporator is for forcing outer circulation type high liquid level good antiscale property crystallizing evaporator or anti-circulationGood antiscale property crystallizing evaporator, the tube material of described crystallizing evaporator is 254SMO, 904L alloy, KazakhstanFamily name's alloy, zirconium material.
Former single-effect evaporators of crystallizing evaporator are all graphite-pipe falling film evaporators, and heat transfer coefficient is high, circulating pumpFor reduction of speed centrifugal pump or mixed-flow pump, should resistance to cavitation, corrosion-resistant, wear-resisting, the tube side external and internal pressure of heaterLittle, working condition is good, and service life of equipment is long. When end effect and end two effects are evaporative crystallization, should be designed to strongCirculation external-heat processed, high liquid level (HLL) compacting boiling antiscale evaporimeter, or force anti-circulation antiscale evaporimeter. HeatingPipe is the more cheap compo pipe such as 904L, 254SMO of low temperature resistant dilute sulfuric acid corrosion, and so-called " low temperature " isReferring at 40 DEG C～65 DEG C, is the temperature range of the acidproof bath corrosion of above-mentioned compo pipe, and circulating pump is acidproof, wear-resistingAxial flow type pump. Remarkable advantage of the present utility model is end effect low temperature crystallization, avoids high temperature corrosion, has saved largeThe noble metal such as zirconium, C276, the noble alloy of amount high-temp. acid-proof corrosion resisting; Preheater need be used 254SMO, C276 systemThe plate type heat exchanger of doing, makes thermal source with condensed water.
The multiple-effect evaporation concentration technology of the Multi-effect evaporation compression apparatus of above-mentioned sulfur acid and salting liquid thereof is as follows: containSulfuric acid and salting liquid thereof by advection enter acid, emphasis preheating and and the operation that flows acid discharge complete evaporation and concentration; LogicalCross and control each single-effect evaporator advection acid intake amount, the sulfur acid by a part after series connection preheating or preheating in parallelAnd salting liquid reach or approach boiling-point feeding and enter at least before 2nd effect evaporator, sulfur acid described in all the otherAnd the direct advection of salting liquid enters in follow-up each single-effect evaporator, wherein the evaporimeters of end effect or end two effects have choosingThat selects enters described sulfur acid and salting liquid thereof.
The advection of described 1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator enters sour acid intake amount by heat Balance Calculation, makes itBy corresponding condensed water preheating by 1st effective evaporator enter acid, 2nd effect evaporator enter acid and triple effect evaporationThe evaporation boiling-point feeding that enters sour preheating and reach or approach this effect of device.
In the time that described sulfur acid and salting liquid thereof are two baths or acid water, each single-effect evaporator enters acid will pass through each effectCondensed water preheating in parallel reaches each effect boiling temperature, calculates the acid intake amount of each effect, meter by thermally equilibrated methodCalculation method is as follows:
L＝m*W；
m＝N(T1-T2)/Wc(t1-t2)；
Wherein, L is each effect acid intake amount, and m is the ratio of each effect acid intake amount and each effect evaporation capacity, and N is that each effect addsVapours condensation water quantity, t1 is each effect into the temperature before sour preheating, t2 is each effect into temperature after sour preheating, t2Should equal each effect boiling temperature, W is each effect design evaporated water, and c is into sour specific heat, and T1 is for entering preheatingEach effect heater condensate temperature of device, T2 is that preheater is discharged the temperature of condensed water, T2 should higher than each imitate intoMore than acid temperature t 12 degree.
In the time that described end effect or last two is imitated as crystallizing evaporator, entering before described crystallizing evaporator, concentrateIt is saturated or approach saturation state that acid bath or two is bathed, acid water charging should reach sodium sulphate, at follow-up evaporation knotSodium sulfate crystal in brilliant device, the output of described crystallizing evaporator sodium sulfate crystal isY＝(WJ-G*βb) * 0.453* λ, W in formulaJBe the evaporation capacity of crystallizer, G is acid intake amount, βbFor entering acidSaturated evaporation rate under proportion, λ is percent crystallization in massecuite correction factor, λ value is relevant with the concentration of crystalline mother solution.
The utlity model has following advantage:
The utility model mainly utilizes acid bath, two baths, component is close separately for acid water, concentration difference, temperatureDifferent features, design is processed separately or Combined Treatment evaporation and concentration retracting device, also can carry out evaporative crystallization.The utility model, by controlling the balance of advection acid intake amount and condensation water residual heat resource, reaches the acid bath after preheatingEnter acid to maximum temperature, make acid bath be low to moderate minimum at the intensification heat drop of an effect, 2nd effect evaporator. Make two baths,Acid water reaches at the boiling points of an effect, two effects and enters acid, makes two baths, the acid water intensification at front triple effect evaporatorHeat is zero, and the heat of inputting is all converted into indirect steam.
In actual mechanical process, because two bath concentrations are low, temperature is high, can increase the effect number of multiple-effect evaporation,Thereby reduce evaporation steam-water ratio; In the time of combined heat evaporation and concentration, two baths, acid water are placed on to former effects and steamSend out, make it produce more indirect steam, improve heat economy. Because acid bath temperature is lower, acid bath evaporationBe placed on the rear several effects evaporation that evaporating temperature is lower, the intensification needing heat is few, utilizes that former effects two are bathed, acid waterA large amount of indirect steam that evaporation produces, pulls rear a few effect acid bath evaporation, even can carry out evaporative crystallization sulphurAcid sodium, can obtain maximum heat economy benefit; For example: five same effect evaporative crystallizations, simple acid bathFive effect evaporative crystallizations, steam-water ratio is 0.26, and two bath acid bath associating evaporative crystallizations, steam-water ratio is 0.21. AcidThe concentration ratio two of property water is bathed lower, and temperature is higher, and quantity is many again, and cost recovery is high, so all arranged so farPut. The present invention can utilize its boiling point to rise the resources advantage low, temperature is high, and makes full use of condensation water residual heat,Make its high temperature one, 2nd effect evaporator reaches boiling-point feeding, make to evaporate steam-water ratio and be reduced to 0.12.
Significantly reduce steam consumption, reduce evaporation cost, make evaporation reclaim two baths, the acid water of low concentrationThere is possibility, particularly two baths, acid evaporation of water reclaimed and combined with acid bath evaporation crystallization glauber salt,Significantly reduce the production cost of glauber salt, both solved discharge, the saltcake pollution problem of two baths, acid water, againImprove the economic benefit of enterprise.
The utility model is applicable to the heat comprehensive utilization that all hot waste waters reclaim for the foregoing reasons.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the utility model is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the utility model acid bath sextuple-effect evaporation flow chart.
Fig. 2 is that evaporative crystallization flow chart is imitated in the utility model acid bath five.
Fig. 3 is the utility model acid water eight effect evaporation flow charts.
Fig. 4 is that the utility model two is bathed, acid bath six effects are combined evaporation flow chart.
In figure: 1,1st effective evaporator 2,2nd effect evaporator 3, triple effect evaporator 4, four-effect evaporator 4 ',Quadruple effect crystallizing evaporator 5, quintuple effect evaporator 5 ', five effect crystallizing evaporators 6, sextuple effect 7, condensationDevice 8, water ejector 9, Pyatyi preheater 10, level Four preheater 11, three grades of preheaters 12, secondary are pre-Hot device 13, one-level preheater 14, seven single-effect evaporators 15, eight single-effect evaporator A, live steam B, coolingRecirculated water C (C '), acid bath, two is bathed or acid water D, condensed water.
Detailed description of the invention
A Multi-effect evaporation compression apparatus for sulfur acid and salting liquid thereof, comprise in turn the 1st effective evaporator that connects,2nd effect evaporator is until last 2nd effect evaporator and last evaporator, and described sulfur acid and salting liquid thereof comprise viscose glueThe acid bath, two that silk produces in producing is bathed and acid waters, described acid bath be temperature 45 C-55 DEG C sulfur acid andThe spinning bath that concentration of salt solution is higher, described two bathe and described acid water be temperature 70 C-95 DEG C sulfur acid andLower and the lower spinning technique water of concentration of its concentration of salt solution,
The described sulfur acid of a part and salting liquid thereof pass through two～tetra-according to default solution temperature and concentration valueBranch road selects advection after preheater preheating in parallel or preheater series connection preheating to enter the first two effect～front quadruple effect evaporationDevice, is respectively the first branch road and enters described 1st effective evaporator by corresponding preheater advection, and the second branch road is logicalCross corresponding preheater advection and enter described 2nd effect evaporator, until the 4th branch road is flat by corresponding preheaterFlow to into four-effect evaporator;
Described in another part, sulfur acid and salting liquid thereof enter follow-up each single-effect evaporator without the direct advection of preheating;
The acid discharge of each single-effect evaporator enters the lower 1st effective evaporator being adjacent by U-shaped Guan Bingliu, until lastThe acid discharge of single-effect evaporator enters concentrated acid tank.
In the time that described sulfur acid and salting liquid thereof are acid bath, described Multi-effect evaporation compression apparatus is triple effect～eight effect,The described acid bath of a part enters 2nd effect evaporator and 1st effective evaporator, institute by the preheater advection after preheating of connectingState preheater series connection preheating and refer to that described acid bath is preheating to successively 2 grades of preheaters from n-1 level preheater and enters two effectsEvaporimeter, then be preheating to 1 grade of preheater and enter 1st effective evaporator, wherein n is evaporimeter effect number; Another portionDivide the direct advection of described acid bath to enter follow-up each single-effect evaporator; Acid bath after each single-effect evaporator is concentrated, from an effectEvaporimeter starts, and stream enters 2nd effect evaporator, triple effect evaporator, n-1 successively step by step through U-shaped pipe step by stepSingle-effect evaporator, n single-effect evaporator are discharged.
In the time that described sulfur acid and salting liquid thereof are two baths or acid water, described Multi-effect evaporation compression apparatus is sixEffect～ten effects, a part described two bathe or acid water by preheater preheating in parallel after advection enter the first two effect～frontSextuple effect, the preheating in parallel of described preheater refer to described two bathe or acid water respectively by 1 grade of preheater,2 grades of preheaters ..., n-4 level preheater, after the heat preheating with condensed water at the same level, enter respectively an effect evaporationDevice, 2nd effect evaporator ..., n-4 single-effect evaporator, wherein n is evaporimeter effect number; Described in another part, two batheOr the direct advection of acid water enters n-3 single-effect evaporator, n-2 single-effect evaporator, n-1 single-effect evaporator, n single-effect evaporatorDo not intake; Condensed water after each single-effect evaporator evaporation, from 1st effective evaporator, and stream is step by step through U-shaped pipeEnter step by step 2nd effect evaporator, triple effect evaporator until n-1 single-effect evaporator, n single-effect evaporator are discharged.
When described sulfur acid and salting liquid thereof are that acid bath, two is bathed and when acid water combined heat evaporation process, instituteStating Multi-effect evaporation compression apparatus is five effect～eight effects, and a part described two is bathed and/or acid water passes through preheater parallel connectionAfter preheating, advection enters 1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator, described in another part two bathe and/or acid water directAdvection enters triple effect evaporator～n-2 single-effect evaporator; Described acid bath advection enters last evaporator or end two effects are steamedHair device; Two baths after each single-effect evaporator is concentrated or acid water are from 1st effective evaporator, and stream is step by step through U-shapedPipe enters 2nd effect evaporator, triple effect evaporator ..., with the acid bath entering from n-1 single-effect evaporator, n single-effect evaporatorMix evaporation and concentration, finally discharge from n single-effect evaporator.
Described last evaporator or last 2nd effect evaporator are replaceable is crystallizing evaporator, and described multiple-effect evaporation is concentratedIt is triple effect～six effect at interior evapo tranpiration effect number that device comprises end effect crystallizing evaporator.
Aforementioned each single-effect evaporator is graphite-pipe falling film evaporator; In the time that end effect or last two is imitated as crystallizing evaporator,Described crystallizing evaporator is for forcing outer circulation type high liquid level good antiscale property crystallizing evaporator or the anti-good antiscale property evaporation that circulatesCrystallizer, the tube material of described crystallizing evaporator is 254SMO, 904L alloy, Hastelloy, zirconiumMaterial.
A kind of concentrated work of multiple-effect evaporation of the Multi-effect evaporation compression apparatus of applying above-mentioned sulfur acid and salting liquid thereofSkill, sulfur acid and salting liquid thereof by advection enter acid, emphasis preheating and and the operation that flows acid discharge to complete evaporation denseContracting; By controlling each single-effect evaporator advection acid intake amount, by a part after series connection preheating or preheating in parallelSulfur acid and salting liquid thereof reach or approach boiling-point feeding and enter at least before 2nd effect evaporator, described in all the otherThe direct advection of sulfur acid and salting liquid thereof enters in follow-up each single-effect evaporator, wherein the evaporation of end effect or end two effectsDevice selectively enters described sulfur acid and salting liquid thereof.
The advection of described 1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator enters sour acid intake amount by heat Balance Calculation, makes itBy corresponding condensed water preheating by 1st effective evaporator enter acid, 2nd effect evaporator enter acid and triple effect evaporationThe sour preheating of entering of device reaches the evaporation boiling-point feeding that approaches this effect.
In the time that described sulfur acid and salting liquid thereof are two baths or acid water, each single-effect evaporator enters acid will pass through each effectCondensed water preheating in parallel reaches each effect boiling temperature, calculates the acid intake amount of each effect, meter by thermally equilibrated methodCalculation method is as follows:
L＝m*W；
m＝N(T1-T2)/Wc(t1-t2)；
Wherein, L is each effect acid intake amount, and m is the ratio of each effect acid intake amount and each effect evaporation capacity, and N is that each effect addsVapours condensation water quantity, t1 is each effect into the temperature before sour preheating, t2 is each effect into temperature after sour preheating, t2Should equal each effect boiling temperature, W is each effect design evaporated water, and c is into sour specific heat, and T1 is for entering preheatingEach effect heater condensate temperature of device, T2 is that preheater is discharged the temperature of condensed water, T2 should higher than each imitate intoMore than acid temperature t 12 degree.
In the time that described end effect or last two is imitated as crystallizing evaporator, entering before described crystallizing evaporator, concentrateIt is saturated or approach saturation state that acid bath or two is bathed, acid water charging should reach sodium sulphate, at follow-up evaporation knotSodium sulfate crystal in brilliant device, the output of described crystallizing evaporator sodium sulfate crystal isY＝(WJ-G*βb) * 0.453* λ, W in formulaJBe the evaporation capacity of crystallizer, G is acid intake amount, βbFor entering acidSaturated evaporation rate under proportion, λ is percent crystallization in massecuite correction factor, λ value is relevant with the concentration of crystalline mother solution.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, sextuple-effect evaporation device arranges Pyatyi preheater 9, level Four preheater 10, three grades of preheatingsDevice 11, secondary preheater 12 and one-level preheater 13.
The sour flow process of entering of acid bath C is: acid bath C divides 6 branch roads, and advection enters 1st effective evaporator 1, two effectsEvaporimeter 2, triple effect evaporator 3, four-effect evaporator 4, quintuple effect evaporator 5, sextuple effect 6: without in advanceThe acid bath C Fen Si road of hot device preheating enter respectively triple effect evaporator 3, four-effect evaporator 4, quintuple effect evaporator 5,Sextuple effect 6; Remaining acid bath C enters Pyatyi preheater 9, the condensation of discharging with level Four preheater 10The heating steam condensed water of water and quintuple effect evaporator 5 is made thermal source; Enter again level Four preheater 10, with three grades pre-The condensed water that hot device 11 is discharged and the heating steam condensed water of four-effect evaporator 4 are made thermal source; Enter again three grades in advanceThe condensed water that hot device 11 use secondary preheaters 12 are discharged and the heating steam condensed water of triple effect evaporator 3 are made heatSource; Three grades of acid baths that preheater 11 is discharged, a part is entered 2nd effect evaporator 2 and is evaporated, and remainder enters againSecondary preheater 12, the heating steam condensation of the condensed water of discharging with one-level preheater 13 and 2nd effect evaporator 2Water is made thermal source; Enter again one-level preheater 13, make thermal source with the heating steam condensed water of 1st effective evaporator 1;The highest temperature preheating acid bath C discharging from one-level preheater 13 enters 1st effective evaporator 1, more than completes preheaterThe preheating step by step of connecting.
The control of acid bath acid intake amount: front quadruple effect is respectively imitated the ratio α of acid intake amount and each effect evaporation capacity for entering acid concentrationUnder, the multiple reciprocal of the saturated evaporation rate β of the sodium sulphate b of this acid bath, i.e. α=1/ β b, acid intake amount L=α * W,W is evaporation capacity. Rear two effects, because evaporating temperature is low, strengthen acid intake amount and can reduce the elevation of boiling point, to carbonated drinkLess than impact, so α value can be from choosing greatly, for example optional α=10.
The flow direction of concentrated acid bath is and flows acid discharge: the gelled acid of 1st effective evaporator 1 enters two effects by U-shaped pipeEvaporimeter 2,2nd effect evaporator 2 gelled acids enter triple effect evaporator 3 by U-shaped pipe, by that analogy, lastFor example, discharge from last evaporator (sextuple effect 6), concentrated acid groove is entered in fluid-tight.
One～five effect condensed water D enters preheater preheating acid baths at different levels, sextuple effect 6 heating steam condensationsThe condensed water of water and Pyatyi preheater 9 is together discharged into condensate draining.
The effect of each effect circulating pump is the liquid film flow evaporation that keeps acid bath in each effect heater;
The indirect steam of each effect enters respectively time heater of effect and does heating steam, and the indirect steam of end effect entersCondenser 7 condensations, get rid of fixed gas with vavuum pump.
The steam-water ratio of the utility model sextuple-effect evaporation acid bath reaches 0.183,11 grades of the levels that industry is general at present0.34,14 grade of flash distillation of flash distillation is 0.26, and most advanced level is that 16 grades of flash distillations are 0.22; Relatively find out from upper,This technology is considerably beyond the most advanced level of industry.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 2, evaporative crystallization is imitated in acid bath five, basic identical with the above-mentioned flow process of embodiment 1, has lacked oneThe flow process of platform preheater, front triple effect is evaporimeter, rear two effects are quadruple effect crystallizing evaporator 4 ' and five effect evaporation knotsBrilliant device 5 '.
Five effect crystallizing evaporators 5 ' do not enter acid, are for many evaporative crystallizations glauber salt, quadruple effect crystallizing evaporator 4 'Can not entering or enter less acid, is the crystallization content in order to adjust glauber salt; Quadruple effect crystallizing evaporator 4 ' enters moreAcid, can reduce the crystallization content of glauber salt. Otherwise can increase output.
The steam-water ratio that evaporative crystallization glauber salt is imitated in the utility model acid bath five reaches 0.237; With two baths or acid waterCombined heat evaporative crystallization, steam-water ratio reaches 0.198, and in industry, most advanced level is 14 grades of flash distillation knots at presentCrystalline substance, steam-water ratio 0.295, relatively finds out from upper, this technology is considerably beyond the most advanced level of industry.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 3, acid water eight effect evaporations, the water inlet flow process of acid water or two bath waters is according to its water temperatureHeight, can reach the feature design of boiling point water inlet, and acid water enters the first five effect by 5 branch road advections and steamHair device: an effect heating steam condensed water preheating 1st effective evaporator 1 is intake; Two effect heating steam condensed water preheatings2nd effect evaporator 2 is intake; Triple effect heating steam condensed water preheating triple effect evaporator 3 is intake; Quadruple effect heating is steamedVapour condensed water preheating four-effect evaporator 4 is intake; Five imitate the not preheating of intaking also can reach boiling point water inlet; Six effects,Seven effects, eight effects only accept before effect and flow draining, not water inlet separately. The design of inflow is with each effect condensed waterThe heat that can discharge in preheater is basis, enters sour preheat temperature and can reach boiling point water inlet for object,Calculate inflow with this.
Inflow LI=N1* (the 135-90)/0.968* (120-85) of for example 1st effective evaporator 1, N1 is that an effect is steamedThe condensation water quantity of hair device 1,135 is the temperature of 1st effective evaporator 1 condensed water, 90 is that condensed water is from preheaterThe temperature (must spend higher than the sour temperature 85 of entering of acid water) of discharging, 0.968 is acid specific heat of water,(120-85) be acid water is preheating to 1st effective evaporator 1 boiling point temperature lift-off value from 85 degree.
All evaporators is all and flow draining: front effect by U-shaped pipe to aftereffect draining. Finally from eight single-effect evaporators15 drainings. The indirect steam of each effect enters next effect heater and does heating steam, the secondary of eight single-effect evaporators 15Steam enters condenser condenses. The condensed water of one effect～four-effect evaporator is by imitate～quadruple effect of preheater preheating one in parallelAfter the water inlet of evaporimeter, together with converging with the condensed water of quintuple effect evaporator 5, enter sextuple effect 6 heatersShwoot utilizes its waste heat, and whole condensed waters that sextuple effect 6 is discharged enter seven single-effect evaporators 14 and utilize all the otherHeat, all condensed waters that seven single-effect evaporators 14 are discharged enter eight single-effect evaporators 15 and utilize its waste heat, and eight effects are steamedWhole condensed waters that hair device 15 is discharged enter condensed water storage tank.
The steam-water ratio of the utility model eight effect evaporation acid waters reaches 0.12, is blank at present in industry.
Embodiment 4
As shown in Figure 4, combined heat evaporation is imitated in two baths, acid bath six, and two bathe C (or acid water) and acid bathsThe evaporation of C ' combined heat, two bathe the former effect evaporations of C (or acid water) in flow process, and acid bath C ' is in flow processEnd effect (sextuple effect 6) or end two effect (quintuple effect evaporator 5) evaporation.
The two preheating flow processs of bath C (or acid water) are identical with embodiment 3 with the calculating of inflow.
Different is in two bath C (or acid water) quantity not sufficient situations, can be from (the five effect evaporations of end two effectsDevice 5) the supplementary acid bath C ' that enters. Concentrated acid water or two bath waters mix in end two effects (or last n effect)Evaporation. Finally mixed gelled acid is discharged in end effect.
The main feature of combined heat evaporation is that two of high temperature low concentration is bathed C (or acid water) must be frontThe evaporation of several effects, acid bath C ' enters end effect or last n effect, with imitate and flow in the past into two bathe (or acid water)Mix evaporation. High, " boiling point liter " low advantage of competence exertion acid water temperature like this.
And flow draining acid discharge, indirect steam flow process is all identical.
The above, be only preferably detailed description of the invention of the utility model, but protection model of the present utility modelEnclose and be not limited to this, any be familiar with those skilled in the art the utility model disclose technology modelIn enclosing, be equal to replacement or changed according to the technical solution of the utility model and utility model design thereof, allWithin should being encompassed in protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (6)
1. the Multi-effect evaporation compression apparatus of a sulfur acid and salting liquid thereof, comprise that in turn the 1st effective evaporator that connects, 2nd effect evaporator are until last 2nd effect evaporator and last evaporator, described sulfur acid and salting liquid thereof comprise the acid bath, two bath and the acid waters that in viscose production, produce, described acid bath is sulfur acid and the higher spinning bath of concentration of salt solution thereof of temperature 45 C-55 DEG C, described two bathe and described acid water be the sulfur acid of temperature 70 C-95 DEG C and concentration of salt solution thereof lower with the lower spinning technique water of concentration, it is characterized in that:
The described sulfur acid of a part and salting liquid thereof select advection after preheater preheating in parallel or preheater series connection preheating to enter the first two effect～front four-effect evaporator according to default solution temperature and concentration value by two～tetra-branch roads, be respectively the first branch road and enter described 1st effective evaporator by corresponding preheater advection, the second branch road enters described 2nd effect evaporator by corresponding preheater advection, until the 4th branch road enters four-effect evaporator by corresponding preheater advection;
Described in another part, sulfur acid and salting liquid thereof enter follow-up each single-effect evaporator without the direct advection of preheating;
The acid discharge of each single-effect evaporator enters the lower 1st effective evaporator being adjacent by U-shaped Guan Bingliu, until the acid discharge of last evaporator enters concentrated acid tank.
2. the Multi-effect evaporation compression apparatus of sulfur acid according to claim 1 and salting liquid thereof, it is characterized in that: in the time that described sulfur acid and salting liquid thereof are acid bath, described Multi-effect evaporation compression apparatus is triple effect～eight effect, the described acid bath of a part enters 2nd effect evaporator and 1st effective evaporator by the preheater advection after preheating of connecting, described preheater series connection preheating refers to that described acid bath is preheating to successively 2 grades of preheaters from n-1 level preheater and enters 2nd effect evaporator, be preheating to 1 grade of preheater again and enter 1st effective evaporator, wherein n is evaporimeter effect number; Described in another part, the direct advection of acid bath enters follow-up each single-effect evaporator; Acid bath after each single-effect evaporator is concentrated, from 1st effective evaporator, and stream enters 2nd effect evaporator, triple effect evaporator, n-1 single-effect evaporator, the discharge of n single-effect evaporator successively step by step through U-shaped pipe step by step.
3. the Multi-effect evaporation compression apparatus of sulfur acid according to claim 1 and salting liquid thereof, it is characterized in that: in the time that described sulfur acid and salting liquid thereof are two baths or acid water, described Multi-effect evaporation compression apparatus is six effect～ten effects, a part described two bathe or acid water by preheater preheating in parallel after advection enter the first two effect～front sextuple effect, the preheating in parallel of described preheater refers to that described two baths or acid water are respectively by 1 grade of preheater, 2 grades of preheaters, n-4 level preheater, after heat preheating with condensed water at the same level, enter respectively 1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator, n-4 single-effect evaporator, wherein n is evaporimeter effect number, described in another part, two baths or the direct advection of acid water enter n-3 single-effect evaporator, and n-2 single-effect evaporator, n-1 single-effect evaporator, n single-effect evaporator are not intake, condensed water after the evaporation of each single-effect evaporator, from 1st effective evaporator, and stream enters 2nd effect evaporator, triple effect evaporator until n-1 single-effect evaporator, n single-effect evaporator are discharged step by step through U-shaped pipe step by step.
4. the Multi-effect evaporation compression apparatus of sulfur acid according to claim 1 and salting liquid thereof, it is characterized in that: when described sulfur acid and salting liquid thereof are that acid bath, two is bathed and when acid water combined heat evaporation process, described Multi-effect evaporation compression apparatus is five effect～eight effects, a part described two bathe and/or acid water by preheater preheating in parallel after advection enter 1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator, two bathe and/or the direct advection of acid water enters triple effect evaporator～n-2 single-effect evaporator described in another part; Described acid bath advection enters last evaporator or last 2nd effect evaporator; Two baths after each single-effect evaporator is concentrated or acid water are from 1st effective evaporator, and stream enters 2nd effect evaporator, triple effect evaporator through U-shaped pipe step by step ... mix evaporation and concentration with the acid bath entering from n-1 single-effect evaporator, n single-effect evaporator, finally discharge from n single-effect evaporator.
5. according to the sulfur acid described in any claim of claim 2-4 and the Multi-effect evaporation compression apparatus of salting liquid thereof, it is characterized in that: described last evaporator or last 2nd effect evaporator are replaceable is crystallizing evaporator, it is triple effect～six effect at interior evapo tranpiration effect number that described Multi-effect evaporation compression apparatus comprises end effect crystallizing evaporator.
6. the Multi-effect evaporation compression apparatus of sulfur acid according to claim 5 and salting liquid thereof, is characterized in that: aforementioned each single-effect evaporator is graphite-pipe falling film evaporator; In the time that end effect or last two is imitated as crystallizing evaporator, described crystallizing evaporator is for forcing outer circulation type high liquid level good antiscale property crystallizing evaporator or the anti-good antiscale property crystallizing evaporator that circulates, and the tube material of described crystallizing evaporator is 254SMO, 904L alloy, Hastelloy, zirconium material.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105399168A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2016-03-16 | 许达人 | Multi-effect evaporation and concentration device and technology thereof for solution containing sulfuric acid and salts thereof |
| CN107686204A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-02-13 | 唐山三友集团兴达化纤有限公司 | A kind of method of heat integration during processing viscose rayon acid waste water |
| CN111470560A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2020-07-31 | 山东雅美科技有限公司 | Method for recycling acid wastewater in viscose fiber production |
-
2015
- 2015-12-18 CN CN201521071561.7U patent/CN205313131U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105399168A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2016-03-16 | 许达人 | Multi-effect evaporation and concentration device and technology thereof for solution containing sulfuric acid and salts thereof |
| CN105399168B (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2018-01-02 | 许达人 | The Multi-effect evaporation compression apparatus and technique of sulfur acid and its salting liquid |
| CN107686204A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-02-13 | 唐山三友集团兴达化纤有限公司 | A kind of method of heat integration during processing viscose rayon acid waste water |
| CN111470560A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2020-07-31 | 山东雅美科技有限公司 | Method for recycling acid wastewater in viscose fiber production |
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