CN2052989U - Voltage back diffirence trigger transistor voltage adjuster - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a voltage return difference trigger transistor voltage adjuster, relating to the adjustment of the power supply voltage of automotive vehicles. The utility model mainly solves the problems that high-power transistors in the voltage adjusters of the existing domestic and international transistors or integrated circuits is overheated, the dispersion is big when the voltage value is adjusted, the voltage is uneasy to be adjusted in the production and maintenance, etc. The voltage return difference trigger transistor voltage adjuster designs three parts of an adjusting voltage sampling amplifying circuit, a voltage return difference trigger circuit and a switching current increasing and protecting circuit to form an adjuster. The problems in the prior art are effectively solved, and the efficiency can reach 92.8%. The utility model has the advantages of small size, high reliability, long service life and low temperature rise. The error of the actual adjusted voltage and the ideal adjusted voltage is not more than +-0.15V.

Description

Voltage back diffirence trigger transistor voltage adjuster

The utility model is relevant with adjusting motor vehicles supply voltage.

Widely used autopulse on China's automobile is the switching that need be converted into the variation of supply voltage contact switch at present, uses the open and close controlling exciter current of generator of contact switch again, reaches the purpose of regulation voltage.But this autopulse, in use there is following problem inevitably, (1) lacks useful life, when open the contact, produce electric spark and easily make pitting of contact or oxidation, and contact oxidation can hinder conduction, even make open circuit and cause generator not work, electric spark produces and also may make contact fusing adhesion, loses the voltage-regulation effect, cause voltage to raise the damage car power consumption equipment; (2) resistive heat losses is big in the adjuster, and the overheated rapid wear dead electricity resistance of resistance makes defective regulator, and generator can not generate electricity or the voltage imbalance; (3) the regulation voltage level discreteness is big, is difficult for adjusting in producing and keeping in repair.This in addition adjuster need use more noble metal, and heavy.Because there is above problem in vibrating type voltage regulator, so generally use transistor voltage regulator, the domestic production that minute quantity is also arranged at present abroad.This transistor voltage regulator, its basic principle are that high power transistor is serially connected with the generator excitation winding loop, utilize transistorized amplification and switching characteristic, directly are the change transitions of voltage the variation of exciting current, to reach the purpose of pressure regulation.This transistor voltage regulator has fundamentally overcome the shortcoming of vibrating type voltage regulator, improved the useful life of voltage regulator greatly, but also have very important problem, this mainly is that high-power adjusting transistor heating is serious, and average efficiency is less than 50%, when transistor dispels the heat when bad, fragile transistor makes defective regulator, because the high-power crystal tube efficiency is low, therefore get the transistor of the more satisfactory operating state of strict screening, thereby cause the production cost height.

The purpose of this utility model is, on circuit design, basic solution has the problems of excessive heat of high power transistor in domestic and international transistor or the integrated circuit voltage regulator now, further improves the performance of automobile voltage regulator, reliability and useful life, the production cost of reduction voltage regulator.

In order to realize the purpose of this utility model, voltage back diffirence triggers the transistor voltage regulator, and its electrical schematic diagram design is divided into three parts.(seeing accompanying drawing) one, regulation voltage sampling amplifier section are by R ₁, R ₂, R ₃, DW and T ₁Form, its input is R ₁E end, output is T ₁Collector electrode A, T ₁Be the cascode connection, voltage stabilizing value+T of regulation voltage level=DW ₁Base stage input conducting voltage, regulation voltage level are sampled and through T ₁Simulation is amplified, and wherein the A point is T ₁The voltage output point.Two, voltage back diffirence circuits for triggering part, by a NAND gate, two inverters and D ₁, R ₄Form, it constitutes the basic rest-set flip-flop that hysteresis voltage is arranged of a single-ended input, and it mainly is with T ₁The aanalogvoltage of output is through the switch level digitlization of gate circuit, remembers simultaneously and exports digitized high and low level.NAND gate input in this circuit is connected with collector electrode A, and output is the inverter B of Cmos integrated circuit ¹This circuit is worked as collector electrode A point voltage and is risen gradually, when making NAND gate input C reach on-level, the B end is output as low level, this low level becomes high level through inverter and send NAND gate input C again, when the A point voltage drops to on-level like this, the B end still keeps output low level, reduce to the NAND gate off level up to the A point voltage, the B end is just exported high level, this high level is transformed to low level through inverter and send NAND gate input C, when the A point voltage gos up to the NAND gate on-level, because diode D ₁Forward voltage drop NAND gate input C still is lower than on-level, and B end still keeps the output high level, when the A point voltage gos up when NAND gate input C reaches on-level, is returned to said process again.Three, switching current increases and the protective circuit part, by R ₅, R ₆, R ₇, R ₈, T ₂, T ₃, T ₄, R _LAnd D ₂, D ₃Form this circuit input end R ₅With inverter B ¹Connect T ₂Be cascode connection, T ₃, T ₄Form multiple tube, its T ₃Emitter and T ₄Collector electrode connects, T ₂The about 0.15mA of base stage input current about, T ₂The collector electrode output current about 10mA, T ₃The about 2mA of base stage input current about, T ₃The about 50mA of emitter current about, T ₃Emitter and T ₄Base stage connect.This circuit mainly is to increase switching current, because of magnet exciting coil R _LInductance is bigger, and the open and close time of coil current is very short, and self induction electromotive force is bigger, in order to protect high power transistor T ₄Do not punctured, respectively at high power transistor T by the self induction electromotive force of positive and negative saltus step ₄Collector electrode, between the emitter and coil R _LTwo ends each and a protection diode D ₂, D ₃

Voltage back diffirence provided by the utility model triggers the transistor voltage regulator, compares with existing domestic and international transistor or integrated circuit voltage regulator, and having to design in following fundamental difference: a, the circuit has flip-flop circuit; Be provided with two reference voltages in b, the circuit, the necessary condition that trigger is triggered is to be conditioned voltage to equal arbitrary reference voltage; C, adopted Cmos digital integrated circuit stamen sheet; D, the positive and negative saltus step protective circuit of self induction electromotive force is arranged.Owing to taked above technical measures, efficient can reach 92.8%, and volume is little, and temperature rise is low, regulate reliably, and long service life, regulating characteristics is strong, and practical adjustments voltage and desirable regulation voltage error are no more than ± 0.15V, are applicable to the generator of 12V power supply vehicle.

According to the utility model electrical schematic diagram, embodiment is proposed below.Its device parameters: R ₁=R ₂=R ₄=1K Ω, R ₃=560 Ω, R ₅=100K, R ₈=300 Ω, R ₆=4.7K, R ₇=6.8K, T ₁, T ₂=9013, T ₃=9012, T ₄=BD244, D ₁=IN4001, D ₂, D ₃=PXIN5401, DW=2CW61, Cmos stamen sheet 4011.

Claims (1)

1. A kind of adjuster that is applicable to the motor vehicles supply voltage, by regulation voltage sampling amplifying circuit, voltage back diffirence circuits for triggering, switching current increase and protective circuit three parts are formed, and it is characterized in that regulation voltage sampling amplifying circuit is by R ₁, R ₂, R ₃, DW and T ₁Form, input is R ₁E end, output is T ₁Collector electrode A, T ₁Be the cascode connection, the voltage back diffirence circuits for triggering are Cmos integrated circuits, by a NAND gate, and two inverters and D ₁, R ₄Form, its NAND gate input is connected with collector electrode A, and output is the inverter B of Cmos integrated circuit ¹, switching current increases and protective circuit, by R ₅, R ₆, R ₇, R ₈, T ₂, T ₃, T ₄, R ₁And D ₂, D ₃Form its input R ₅With inverter B ¹Connect T ₂Be cascode connection, T ₃, T ₄Form multiple tube, its T ₃Emitter and T ₄Collector electrode connects, T ₂The about 0.15mA of base stage input current about, T ₂The collector electrode output current about 10mA, T ₃The about 2mA of base stage input current about, T ₃The about 50mA of emitter current about, T ₃Emitter and T ₄Base stage connect, simultaneously respectively at T ₄Collector electrode, emitter and coil R _LTwo ends, each and a protection diode D ₂, D ₃

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