CN205288354U - Gas -liquid distributor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of reactor component technique and specifically relates to a gas -liquid distributor is related to. This gas -liquid distributor includes bubble cap, center tube and bubble cap ring, the upper end of center tube sets up in the bubble cap, and is connected with the roof of bubble cap, forms the annular space between bubble cap and the center tube, the lower extreme of bubble cap is provided with the bubble cap ring, is provided with a plurality of through -holes on the bubble cap ring, and the bubble cap ring is used for filling the gap between bubble cap and the center tube. Not only can make the bubble less, improve the ability that the commodity circulation swept the catalyst, improve bed gas and contain rate and commodity circulation impact force, near guaranteeing can dash the bubble cap when the shut -down is restarted catalyst, catalyst entering bubble cap annular space during all right minimize emergence adverse current.

Description

Gas-liquid distributor

Technical field

This utility model relates to reactor inner member technical field, especially relates to a kind of gas-liquid distributor.

Background technology

Low-grade biomass energy (wood material, wastes of crops) can be converted into the biomass coke tar (wood tar) of the liquid of higher quality by Biomass-pyrolysis, and this technology liquid tar productivity is up to 65��70%. The biomass coke tar composition complexity produced, moisture is high, highly corrosive, and calorific value is relatively low and unstable easy polycondensation, difficult dissolves each other with petroleum-type product (such as gasoline, diesel oil etc.). From the end of the nineties in last century, countries in the world start the technical research of biomass coke tar extracting fuel oil successively, and wherein boiling bed hydrogenation cracking is considered as one of mode with development potentiality most.

Gas-liquid-solid three-phase fluidized bed reactor is widely applied in industrial reaction process, for the course of reaction that reaction heat is very big, three-phase fluidized bed reactor is used can effectively to remove reaction heat, it is achieved the isothermal operation of reactor, it is ensured that reactor properly functioning. In three-phase fluidized bed reactor, gas-liquid distributor is to ensure that gas equally distributed important inner member in bed, directly affects even running and the reaction efficiency of reactor. In current domestic and international disclosed patent and document, ebullated bed gas-liquid distributor is mainly used in DCL/Direct coal liquefaction and residual oil boiling bed hydrogenation technique, and different material processing characteristics difference is bigger, it is therefore desirable to select the gas-liquid distributor adapting to process conditions.

Published ebullated bed gas-liquid distributor divides according to functional characteristic two big classes: the type that dams (such as US4874583,200910012453.5 and 201020636320.3 etc.) and the non-type that dams (such as 200910012498.2), existing document shows the bubble cap formula gas-liquid distributor US4874583 with reverse stopping ball that substantially have employed Texaco company of the U.S. on current commercial plant.

The patent US4874583 of Texaco company of the U.S. describes a kind of gas-liquid distributor for fluidized bed reactor, for bubble cap distributor, is mainly made up of parts such as bubble cap, tedge, reverse stopping ball and spools. The upper end of tedge is arranged in bubble emits, and surrounds annular space with bubble cap, is provided with fluid issuing in the middle part of tedge top and spool, and spool bottom is provided with ball seat. The bottom of tedge is the gas-liquid premixing structure with air inlet duct, is provided with the orifice mixer for gas-liquid mixed in tedge. Multiple bubble cap distributors are evenly arranged on distribution grid.

But, gas-liquid distributor of the prior art, its bubble cap opened downward, along having certain distance from distribution grid under bubble-cap after installation, the bubble column diameter formed during work is less, and bubble is bigger.Uncovered relatively big due to below bubble-cap, after gas-liquid mixture flows out bubble-cap on the one hand, speed is less, and lower section impulsive force is less, is easily caused catalyst deposit, and when there is adverse current, catalyst adverse current probability increases on the other hand.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is in that to provide gas-liquid distributor, after flowing out bubble-cap with the gas-liquid mixture solving exist in prior art, speed is less, and lower section impulsive force is less, it is easily caused catalyst deposit, the technical problem that catalyst adverse current probability increases when there is adverse current on the other hand.

A kind of gas-liquid distributor that this utility model provides, including bubble-cap, central canal and bubble-cap ring; The upper end of central canal is arranged in bubble-cap, and is connected with the roof of bubble-cap, forms annular space between bubble-cap and central canal; The lower end of bubble-cap is provided with bubble-cap ring, and bubble-cap ring is provided with multiple through hole, and bubble-cap ring is for filling up the gap between bubble-cap and central canal.

Further, bubble-cap sidewall being additionally provided with multiple bubble-cap inclined tube, multiple bubble-cap inclined tubes uniformly enclose and are located on bubble-cap; One end of each bubble-cap inclined tube all connects with annular space, and its bearing of trend is acute angle with bubble-cap sidewall.

Further, the end face of bubble-cap, it is centrally located in pipe, is provided with limit base; Limit base be arranged below ball seat and the reverse stopping ball being positioned on ball seat, limit base is used for limiting described reverse stopping ball and moves.

Further, on bubble-cap inclined tube, along the direction that inclined tube extends, it is provided with straight joint.

Further, ball seat is the revolving body that cross section is trapezoidal, and the top of ball seat is upper taper seat, and middle part is thin cylindrical hole, and bottom is lower taper seat, and upper taper seat is for abutting with reverse stopping ball.

Further, limit base includes three round lower limbs; One end of three round lower limbs is arranged on the end face of bubble-cap, and three round lower limbs are pyramid distribution.

Further, bubble-cap ring includes support bar and wedge wire screen net; Wedge wire screen net is welded on support bar, to form the bubble-cap ring of annular.

Further, the lower end of central canal is additionally provided with orifice plate.

Further, the sidewall of central canal, it is positioned at the lower section of orifice plate, along the direction on the sidewall side face edge of central canal, is positioned apart from multiple longitudinal slot successively; On the sidewall of central canal, between ball seat and limit base, along the direction on the sidewall side face edge of central canal, it is positioned apart from multiple gas liquid outlet successively.

Further, longitudinal slot and gas liquid outlet are strip, and the length direction of strip is consistent with the axis direction of central canal.

The gas-liquid distributor that this utility model provides, bubble-cap ring is set up in bubble-cap lower end, and bubble-cap ring is provided with multiple through hole. This gas-liquid distributor is placed on distribution grid, and bubble-cap ring is abutted with distribution grid. When gas-liquid mixture flows up from central canal, and after entering to annular space, gas-liquid mixture by entering in reactor bed radial through bubble-cap ring, smooth channel. So, it is possible not only to make bubble less, improves logistics and purge the ability of catalyst, improve bed gas holdup and logistics impulsive force, ensure to have rushed the catalyst near bubble-cap when stopping work and restarting, it is also possible to reduce catalyst when there is adverse current as far as possible and enter bubble-cap annular space.

Accompanying drawing explanation

In order to be illustrated more clearly that this utility model detailed description of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art, the accompanying drawing used required in detailed description of the invention or description of the prior art will be briefly described below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is embodiments more of the present utility model, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the premise not paying creative work, it is also possible to obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.

The structural representation of the gas-liquid distributor that Fig. 1 provides for this utility model embodiment;

The upward view of the gas-liquid distributor that Fig. 2 provides for this utility model embodiment;

The structural representation of the limit base of the gas-liquid distributor that Fig. 3 provides for this utility model embodiment;

Fig. 4 is the sectional view of the limit base of the gas-liquid distributor described in Fig. 3.

Accompanying drawing labelling:

1-bubble-cap; 2-central canal; 3-reverse stopping ball;

4-ball seat; 5-annular space; 6-orifice plate;

7-limit base; 8-bubble-cap ring; 9-bubble-cap inclined tube;

10-distribution grid; 21-longitudinal slot; 22-gas liquid outlet;

The thin cylindrical hole of 41-; 71-circle lower limb; 91-straight joint.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the technical solution of the utility model is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is a part of embodiment of this utility model, rather than whole embodiments. Based on the embodiment in this utility model, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art obtain under not making creative work premise, broadly fall into the scope of this utility model protection.

In description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, orientation or the position relationship of the instruction such as term " " center ", " on ", D score, "left", "right", " vertically ", " level ", " interior ", " outward " be based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship; be for only for ease of description this utility model and simplifying and describe; rather than instruction or imply indication device or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore it is not intended that to restriction of the present utility model. Additionally, term " first ", " second ", " the 3rd " are only for descriptive purposes, and it is not intended that indicate or hint relative importance.

In description of the present utility model, it is necessary to explanation, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for instance, it is possible to it is fixing connection, it is also possible to be removably connect, or connect integratedly; Can be mechanically connected, it is also possible to be electrical connection; Can be joined directly together, it is also possible to be indirectly connected to by intermediary, it is possible to be the connection of two element internals. For the ordinary skill in the art, it is possible to concrete condition understands above-mentioned term concrete meaning in this utility model.

The structural representation of the gas-liquid distributor that Fig. 1 provides for this utility model embodiment; The upward view of the gas-liquid distributor that Fig. 2 provides for this utility model embodiment. As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of gas-liquid distributor that the present embodiment provides, including bubble-cap 1, central canal 2 and bubble-cap ring 8; The upper end of central canal 2 is arranged in bubble-cap 1, and is connected with the roof of bubble-cap 1, forms annular space 5 between bubble-cap 1 and central canal 2; The lower end of bubble-cap 1 is provided with bubble-cap ring 8, and bubble-cap ring 8 is provided with through hole, and bubble-cap ring 8 is for filling up the gap between bubble-cap 1 and central canal 2.

Wherein, bubble-cap 1 includes bubble-cap 1 and top board, and bubble-cap 1 is the hollow housing of both ends open, and top board is arranged on one end of bubble-cap 1, forms the bubble-cap 1 of one end open.

The shape of bubble-cap 1 can be multiple, for instance square, cuboid or cylinder etc., it is preferred that for cylinder.

The cross sectional shape of central canal 2 can be multiple, for instance: circular, square or oval, it is preferred that for circle.

The version of bubble-cap ring 8 can be multiple, for instance: bubble-cap ring 8 includes support bar and wedge wire screen net; Wedge wire screen net is welded on support bar, to form the bubble-cap ring 8 of annular.And wedge wire screen net is wedge shaped wires web plate, order number is generally 20��60, and the industrial wedge wire screen net of one that wedge shaped wires web plate is general at present, it is made up of profiled metal silk and difform steady arm, custom-designed resistance welder be welded continuously.

Wedge wire screen net can be made into variously-shaped, and the structure that bubble-cap ring 8 is consistent with bubble-cap 1, it is welded on bubble-cap 1 lower end. Wedge wire screen net is that bar crack structure is not susceptible to catalyst blockage as the bubble-cap 1 of gas-liquid allotter and the great advantage of bubble-cap ring 8.

The gas-liquid distributor that the present embodiment provides, bubble-cap ring 8 is set up in bubble-cap 1 lower end, and bubble-cap ring 8 is provided with multiple through hole. This gas-liquid distributor is placed on distribution grid 10, and bubble-cap ring 8 is abutted with distribution grid 10. When gas-liquid mixture flows up from central canal 2, and after entering to annular space 5, gas-liquid mixture by entering in reactor bed radial through bubble-cap ring 8, smooth channel.

So, it is possible not only to make bubble less, improves logistics and purge the ability of catalyst, improve bed gas holdup and logistics impulsive force, ensure to have rushed the catalyst near bubble-cap 1 when stopping work and restarting, it is also possible to reduce catalyst when there is adverse current as far as possible and enter bubble-cap ring 8 shape space 5.

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, on the basis of above-described embodiment, further, bubble-cap 1 sidewall being additionally provided with multiple bubble-cap inclined tube 9, multiple bubble-cap inclined tubes 9 uniformly enclose and are located on bubble-cap 1; One end of each bubble-cap inclined tube 9 all connects with annular space 5, and its bearing of trend is acute angle with bubble-cap 1 sidewall.

Wherein, bubble-cap inclined tube 9 generally uniformly sets up 4��8, and internal diameter is generally 1��4 millimeter, and tilt angle alpha is 30��60 degree.

In the present embodiment, there is bubble-cap inclined tube 9 can expand the gas-liquid allotter bubble flow diameter of the present embodiment outside bubble-cap 1, expand the range of distribution of bubble-cap 1, make gas-liquid mixture be more evenly distributed, it is ensured that the reaction of whole bed each several part is homogeneous, improve reaction efficiency.

The structural representation of the limit base of the gas-liquid distributor that Fig. 3 provides for this utility model embodiment. As it is shown on figure 3, on the basis of above-described embodiment, further, the end face of bubble-cap 1, it is centrally located in pipe 2, is provided with limit base 7; Limit base 7 be arranged below ball seat 4 and the reverse stopping ball 3 being positioned on ball seat 4, limit base 7 is used for limiting described reverse stopping ball 3 and moves.

Wherein, bubble-cap 1, limit base 7 are fixed with the top of central canal 2 and are connected, for instance welding together, this bubble-cap 1 new Joining Structure is not only convenient for installing, and also eliminates central canal 2 upper flow dead band, reduces the generation of eddy current, flows smooth and easy, and pressure drop is less.

Reverse stopping ball 3 is an orange, it is possible to be hollow ball or medicine ball. The material of reverse stopping ball 3 is generally special ceramics or metal, and the proportion of material is generally 1.5��l0 gram/cc. The diameter (being overall diameter during hollow ball) of reverse stopping ball 32 is generally 1.1��1.5 times of ball seat 4 hole diameter a.

In the present embodiment, taper ball seat 4 and limit base 7 it is provided with inside central canal 2, reverse stopping ball 3 moves up and down in certain space, prevent reverse stopping ball 3 bob when logistics shakiness violent, serious wear and the gas-liquid that is unfavorable for stablizes charging, be possible to prevent to collide the adverse current seal failure causing following embodiment to provide simultaneously.

As in figure 2 it is shown, on the basis of above-described embodiment, further, on bubble-cap inclined tube 9, along the direction that inclined tube extends, be provided with straight joint 91.

Wherein, bubble-cap inclined tube 9 having straight joint 91, the width of straight joint 91 is generally 1��2 millimeter, and straight joint 91 is conducive to the formation of continuous air bubbles, and the flowing that gas-liquid logistics goes out inclined tube is more stable.

In the present embodiment, adding the inclined tube with straight joint 91 and bubble-cap ring 8, catalyst can be stoped when feed break further to enter bubble-cap 1, simultaneously when system reboot, impulse force is bigger, it is ensured that the catalyst on distribution plate all blows afloat.

As it is shown in figure 1, on the basis of above-described embodiment, further, ball seat 4 is the revolving body that cross section is trapezoidal, and the top of ball seat 4 is upper taper seat, and middle part is thin cylindrical hole 41, and bottom is lower taper seat, upper taper seat is for abutting with reverse stopping ball 3.

Arranging ball seat 4 in the middle part of central canal 2, ball seat 4 is the revolving body that cross section is trapezoidal, so, in ball seat 4, its top is upper taper seat, the thin cylindrical hole 41 that middle part is, bottom is lower taper seat. Wherein, upper taper seat and reverse stopping ball 3 sphere abut, and form linear sealing, to prevent catalyst overflow in annular space 5.

Additionally, centered by the thin cylindrical hole 41 of ball seat 4 3rd/1 to four/3rds of pipe 2 internal diameter a, length is 5��15 millimeters, ball seat 4 is possible not only to utilize Venturi effect, speed up gas and liquid mixture, float reverse stopping ball 3, it is also possible to form linear sealing with reverse stopping ball 3 sphere, prevent catalyst stream adverse current when stopping work.

Fig. 4 is the sectional view of the limit base of the gas-liquid distributor described in Fig. 3. As shown in Figure 4, on the basis of above-described embodiment, further, limit base 7 includes three round lower limbs 71; One end of three round lower limbs 71 is arranged on the end face of bubble-cap 1, and three round lower limb 71 distributions in pyramid.

At central canal 2 top, limit base 7 is set, it is that a flat board is welded with the round lower limb 71 that equally distributed bar tilts, inclination angle beta is generally 40��60 degree, the round lower limb 71 of the inclination of limit base 7 can make reverse stopping ball 3 operationally stop at this, not bob, ensureing that charging is steady, can effectively to alleviate bottom-up fluid excessive at this flow-disturbing in the surrounding space of limit base 7 simultaneously, promotes reverse stopping ball 3 stable further.

As it is shown in figure 1, on the basis of above-described embodiment, further, the lower end of central canal 2 is additionally provided with orifice plate 6. Centered by the hole diameter of orifice plate 6 3rd/1 to four/3rds of pipe 2 internal diameter, the thickness of orifice plate 6 is generally 3��6 millimeters. Orifice plate 6 Main Function is to utilize Venturi effect, strengthens gas-liquid mixed effect, makes the further mix homogeneously of gas-liquid, it is to avoid occur disconnected plug flow and the pulsating flow effect of biphase gas and liquid flow in fill process, it is ensured that charging is steady.

As it is shown in figure 1, on the basis of above-described embodiment, further, the sidewall of central canal 2, it is positioned at the lower section of orifice plate 6, along the direction on the sidewall side face edge of central canal 2, is positioned apart from multiple longitudinal slot 21 successively; On the sidewall of central canal 2, between ball seat 4 and limit base 7, along the direction on the sidewall side face edge of central canal 2, it is positioned apart from multiple gas liquid outlet 22 successively.

Further, longitudinal slot 21 and gas liquid outlet 22 are in strip, and the length direction of strip is consistent with the axis direction of central canal 2.

Wherein, longitudinal slot 21 is generally 2��8, uniform along central canal 2 circumferencial direction, it is therefore preferable to 4��6, and bar seam width is 2��5 millimeters, and length is generally 20��60 millimeters.

Gas liquid outlet 22 is generally and is vertically arranged rectangle (described shape refers to gas liquid outlet 22 shape of projection on the vertical plane faced with gas liquid outlet 22).The height h of gas liquid outlet 22 is generally 15��50 millimeters, and width is generally 5��20 millimeters. Gas liquid outlet 22 generally arranges 2��8, and is evenly distributed on central canal 2, it is preferred that, gas liquid outlet 22 is 6.

In each embodiment above-mentioned, the material of each parts of gas-liquid distributor is generally metal, for instance rustless steel or alloy material. Multiple gas-liquid distributors can adopt various conventional method, be fixed on distribution grid 10 by equilateral triangle or square net arrangement mode. The bottom of central canal 2 is inserted in the installing hole on distribution grid 10; The lower weld of central canal 2 is on distribution grid 10, or passes through snap ring or be threadedly secured on distribution grid 10.

During normal operation, liquid feedstock mainly enters the inner chamber of central canal 2 from central canal 2 bottom and longitudinal slot 21 hypomere and flows up, gas feed is entered by longitudinal slot 21 epimere, gas-liquid charging orifice plate 6 place through overcompression mix after, mix homogeneously, continue up flowing, flow through the entrance of ball seat 4 hole and be positioned at above ball seat 4. Under gas-liquid logistics effect, reverse stopping ball 3 floats. The gas-liquid charging entered in ball seat 4 upper center pipe 2 inner chamber enters annular space 5 from central canal 2 gas liquid outlet 22.

Gas-liquid mixture stream, through the baffling of bubble-cap 1, flows directly into the bottom of annular space 5, forms minute bubbles or microbubble flows into bed through bubble-cap ring 8 and bubble-cap inclined tube 9, is upwards deflected into ebullated bed subsequently. Above-mentioned flowing is possible to prevent the solid catalyst particle in ebullated bed to deposit at the upper surface of distribution grid 10, form high temperature dead band, ensure fluidized bed reactor safe operation, the logistics direction simultaneously flowed out through bubble-cap ring 8 is radially, along distribution plate forward impact, baffling is upwards subsequently, flow resistance is less, and logistics is stable.

When reverse stopping ball 3 is in levitated position, if enter the feed break of central canal 2 inner chamber from central canal 2 bottom, reverse stopping ball 3 can drop back into rapidly sealing station (reverse stopping ball 3 and ball seat 4 linear contact lay) under gravity, realize linear sealing, a part of original liquid stream is still suffered from original annular space 5, fluid-tight effect can be played, it is prevented that it is internal that the serosity with catalyst enters bubble-cap 1.

This utility model is in conjunction with the characteristic of the technological process of wood tar ebullated bed, gas-liquid mixed and biphase gas and liquid flow, provide a kind of simple and reasonable, the gas-liquid distributor of safe and reliable wood tar three-phase fluidized bed reactor, both can ensure that gas was broken for continuous print microbubble in a liquid, it is uniformly distributed, can efficiently solve or alleviate again the material of catalyst is carried in or gas-liquid charging unstable at gas-liquid pressure adverse current blockage problem when interrupting suddenly, reducing gas-liquid distributor internal flow dead band, pressure drop is less simultaneously.

Last it is noted that various embodiments above is only in order to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, it is not intended to limit; Although this utility model being described in detail with reference to foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those within the art that: the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments still can be modified by it, or wherein some or all of technical characteristic is carried out equivalent replacement; And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the scope of each embodiment technical scheme of this utility model.

Claims (10)

1. a gas-liquid distributor, it is characterised in that include bubble-cap, central canal and bubble-cap ring; The upper end of described central canal is arranged in described bubble-cap, and is connected with the roof of described bubble-cap, forms annular space between described bubble-cap and described central canal;The lower end of described bubble-cap is provided with described bubble-cap ring, and described bubble-cap ring is provided with multiple through hole, and described bubble-cap ring is for filling up the gap between described bubble-cap and described central canal.

2. gas-liquid distributor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that being additionally provided with multiple bubble-cap inclined tube on described bubble-cap sidewall, multiple described bubble-cap inclined tubes uniformly enclose and are located on described bubble-cap; One end of each described bubble-cap inclined tube all connects with described annular space, and its bearing of trend is acute angle with described bubble-cap sidewall.

3. gas-liquid distributor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the end face of described bubble-cap, is positioned at described central canal, is provided with limit base; Being arranged below ball seat and be positioned at the reverse stopping ball on described ball seat of described limit base, described limit base is used for limiting described reverse stopping ball and moves.

4. gas-liquid distributor according to claim 2, it is characterised in that on described bubble-cap inclined tube, along the direction that described inclined tube extends, is provided with straight joint.

5. gas-liquid distributor according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described ball seat is the revolving body that cross section is trapezoidal, the top of described ball seat is upper taper seat, middle part is thin cylindrical hole, and bottom is lower taper seat, and described upper taper seat is for abutting with described reverse stopping ball.

6. gas-liquid distributor according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described limit base includes three round lower limbs;

One end of three described round lower limbs is arranged on the end face of described bubble-cap, and three described round lower limbs are pyramid distribution.

7. the gas-liquid distributor according to any one of claim 1-6, it is characterised in that described bubble-cap ring includes support bar and wedge wire screen net;

Described wedge wire screen net is welded on described support bar, to form the described bubble-cap ring of annular.

8. the gas-liquid distributor according to claim 3,5 or 6, it is characterised in that the lower end of described central canal is additionally provided with orifice plate.

9. gas-liquid distributor according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the sidewall of described central canal, is positioned at the lower section of described orifice plate, along the direction on the sidewall side face edge of described central canal, has been positioned apart from multiple longitudinal slot successively;

On the sidewall of described central canal, between described ball seat and described limit base, along the direction on the sidewall side face edge of described central canal, it is positioned apart from multiple gas liquid outlet successively.

10. gas-liquid distributor according to claim 9, it is characterised in that described longitudinal slot and described gas liquid outlet are strip, and the length direction of described strip is consistent with the axis direction of described central canal.