CN205246541U - Mars material composition test system based on main spectral technique that combines passively - Google Patents
Mars material composition test system based on main spectral technique that combines passively Download PDFInfo
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- CN205246541U CN205246541U CN201520979098.XU CN201520979098U CN205246541U CN 205246541 U CN205246541 U CN 205246541U CN 201520979098 U CN201520979098 U CN 201520979098U CN 205246541 U CN205246541 U CN 205246541U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a based on the main mars material component analysis system who combines the spectral technique passively. The system includes optics head, shortwave spectrum appearance, medium wave spectrum appearance, long wave spectrum appearance, infrared AOTF spectrum appearance, scaling plate, two -dimension pointing mirror, directional mirror control cable and load controller. Laser spectrum and the jointly detection of infrared spectroscopy realization mars atom, symmetric molecule, asymmetric molecule passively because this system can jointly take the initiative. This patent initiative LIBS spectral detection can realize the qualitative of material atom and quantitative analysis, and initiative time domain laser raman is surveyed and to be realized the qualitative of material symmetric molecule and quantitative analysis, and passive infrared spectral detection can realize the qualitative of the asymmetric molecule of material and quantitative analysis. Main passive spectrum combines to realize simultaneously the detection of material atom, symmetric molecule, asymmetric molecule, and then realizes the classification and the discernment of mars rock, soil, mineral etc.. The utility model discloses enlarge mars material analysis range, kept the compact convenience of system.
Description
Technical field
This patent relates to a kind of laser spectrum detection method, relates in particular to a kind of main quilt that adopts moving in conjunction with spectrum skillThe long-range elemental analysis system of art, is applicable to martian surface elemental analysis, belongs to photodetection neckTerritory.
Background technology
In the martian surface mineralogical composition of survey of deep space is analyzed, because manned Mars logs in not yet maturation of technology,Need to use operatorless remote auto detection method. With respect to other long-range material composition detection method,Laser spectrum class detection method is because it is without sample preparation, and analysis speed is fast, can carry out multielement analysis simultaneouslyAnd trace element detection, can remove sample surfaces dust horizon and go deep into that sample interior is measured etc. advantageThrough or be about to be applied.
In laser spectrum is surveyed, LIBS (being called for short LIBS) is a kind of typical material elementDetection method, is applied on surveying at U.S.'s " curious number " Mars material. Laser Raman spectroscopy technologyGeology and mineralogical composition information can be effectively provided, especially the process relevant with water (for example, chemical weathering,Chemical precipitation is as bittern etc.). In addition it can detect various organo-functional groups, and is organic matter and certainA little crucial pigment is surveyed detection means is provided, and can be used for assessing the quality of geology of Mars environment habitability. WithUpper two classes need adopt active laser source, belong to active spectral method.
And short-wave infrared spectrometer is launched or reflectance spectrum for detection of the short-wave infrared of material, without light source,Belong to passive spectrographic technique, it can carry out the detection of martian surface mineral and rock, and many mineral are at shortwaveInfrared band has distinguishable absorption and reflectance signature, significant to material identification and content analysis.Laser Raman spectroscopy method is effective for symmetrical molecule analysis, and short-wave infrared spectrographic technique is to chiral molecularAnalyze effectively.
Long-range LIBS spectrum and laser Raman spectroscopy technology and passive near infrared spectrum combined detection, can bring into play and closeFrom advantage, effectively expand the scope of martian surface ensaying. But need to solve key technology problems,As conventional LR laser raman adopts continuous narrow linewidth laser, and LIBS adopts the low Repetition Frequency Laser device of burst pulse, forSolve the compact convenience of sniffer, the problem that how multiplexing light source and detector be; And time domain is differentiated arteries and veinsThe detection of impulse light Raman signal and the sequential assignment problem of two kinds of spectral signals; And the moving spectrum light path of main quiltMultiplying question etc.
Deficiency for single spectrographic technique for Mars elemental analysis, this patent proposes to adopt main quilt movingIn conjunction with the long-range elemental analysis System and method for of spectral technique, adopt LIBS spectrum and laser Raman spectroscopyTechnology and passive near infrared spectrum combined detection can be realized material atom, symmetrical molecule, asymmetric point simultaneouslyThe detection of son, due to multiplexing light source, look in the distance light path and spectrometer etc., is effectively expanding Mars species analysis modelWhen enclosing, keep the compact convenience of system.
Summary of the invention
What the object of this patent was to provide the moving spectrum combination of a kind of main quilt for Mars elemental analysis isSystem can be realized the detection of material atom, symmetrical molecule, chiral molecular simultaneously, can meet mars exploration systemThe requirements such as the volume power consumption of system.
This patent is achieved like this:
The dual multiplexing laser spectrum Mars mineralogical composition analytical system that this patent proposes mainly comprises optical headPortion, sonet multiplexer, shortwave optical fiber, medium wave optical fiber, long wave optical fiber, short wavelength light spectrometer, medium wave spectrometer,Longwave optical spectrometer, infrared AOTF spectrometer, calibration board mount, calibration plate, sensing mirror support, two dimension refer toXiang Jing, two-dimensional rotary Control Component, sensing mirror control cables and load controller.
Wherein, optical head is mainly saturating by autofocussensor, the second color separation film, the first color separation film, relayingMirror group, primary mirror, primary mirror bracing frame, secondary mirror focusing component, secondary mirror, secondary mirror bracing frame, self-focusing laser,Dichroic mirror, protecting window, Raman total reflective mirror, LIBS total reflective mirror, turning mirror, varactor doubler, expand standardStraight mirror, optical path switcher, point control cable, main laser, tail part protection cover, optical head control cable,Ultraviolet-visual spectrometer optical fiber and infrared optical fiber composition.
Short wavelength light spectrometer, medium wave spectrometer, longwave optical spectrometer, infrared AOTF spectrometer and load controllerBe arranged in Marsokhod. Calibration plate is made up of some LIBS and Raman calibration sample, props up by calibration plateFrame is arranged on Marsokhod top board; Point to mirror support bottom and be arranged on Marsokhod top board, and have at this placeCircular hole, scan mirror is arranged on and points to mirror support top; Optical head top has transparency protected window,Its geomery is consistent with circular hole, and optical head is arranged on below Marsokhod top board, and installation site ensures transparentProtecting window and circular hole position consistency.
Autofocussensor, secondary mirror focusing component, self-focusing laser, optical path switcher and main laserRespectively carry sub-control cable processed, five tunnels divide control cable set to become optical head control cable, with load controllerBe connected, for receiving the control signal of load controller, wherein autofocussensor can pass through optical headControl cable and feed back metrical information to load controller. Load controller is by pointing to mirror control cables and two dimensionRotation Control Component is connected, and in order to send control signal, scan mirror is rotated around trunnion axis and vertical axis,Realizing two dimension points to.
Short wavelength light spectrometer, medium wave spectrometer and longwave optical spectrometer all adopt the plane of Czerny-Turner formGrating spectrograph structure, the sensor of longwave optical spectrometer adopts ICCD area array sensor, its high sensitivityThe extremely faint spectral signal of the pulse laser induced Raman of sensing when can ensureing LIBS detection. InfraredAOTF spectrometer adopts AOTF light splitting, and the INFRARED SPECTRUM segment signal of optical head is transferred to by infrared optical fiberOn the slit of infrared AOTF spectrometer, then through collimating mirror by after beam collimation, by AOTF light splitting andConvergent mirror group arrives on detector, can obtain the passive infrared high-resolution spectroscopy of Mars target, for mineralAnalyze and rock identification.
Short wavelength light spectrometer, medium wave spectrometer, longwave optical spectrometer and infrared AOTF spectrometer pass through USB separatelyInterface transmission line connects with load controller, to load controller output spectrum signal and the control of reception loadThe control signal of device, for synchronous long wave ICCD detector, medium wave ccd detector, the shortwave CCD of openingDetector exposes and regulates time for exposure TB. Load controller can be sent out starting impulse to main laser,And control main laser and short wavelength light spectrometer, medium wave spectrometer and the longwave optical spectrometer time delay TD between opening.
Secondary mirror and primary mirror composition Cassegrain telescope structure. Secondary mirror is arranged on secondary mirror bracing frame, can be by inferiorThe control of mirror focusing component is along primary optical axis translation, thereby the focal length of change Cassegrain telescope is realized different distancesFrom Laser Focusing. Primary mirror is arranged on primary mirror bracing frame.
The pulse laser beam of main laser transmitting is in the time that optical path switcher is switched to the first via, first by beam-expanding collimationAfter mirror beam-expanding collimation, the reflection of LIBS total reflective mirror, turning mirror turnover, then reflected by secondary mirror, after primary mirror reflection,Upwards advance along primary optical axis, upwards pass by protecting window, then change direct of travel by scan mirror,Realize the Laser Focusing to source location.
The pulse laser beam of main laser transmitting is in the time that optical path switcher is switched to the second tunnel, first through varactor doublerCarry out frequency multiplication, the pulse laser beam after frequency multiplication is successively through the reflection of Raman total reflective mirror, dichroic mirror, along primary optical axis toOn advance, upwards pass by protecting window, then change direct of travel by scan mirror, realize to orderThe Ear Mucosa Treated by He Ne Laser Irradiation of cursor position point.
Primary optical axis, the second optical axis, the 4th optical axis three are parallel; Primary optical axis is vertical with the 3rd optical axis; Primary optical axisAnd the normal that points to optical axis and scan mirror is coplanar, meet geometrical relationship, primary optical axis and the finger of reflection lawThe center that is scan mirror to the intersection point of optical axis, is defined as main reference point. According to calibrating plate with respect to main ginsengThe locus of examination point, i.e. distance and bearing angle, can calculate angle value and the jam lattice of corresponding scan mirrorThe telescopical focal length value of woods, these values are stored in the memory of load controller as preset value for calling,In order to realize sensing and the Laser Focusing to calibration sample on calibration plate.
Mars exploration based on dual multiplexing laser spectrum Mars mineralogical composition analytical system enters according to the following stepsOK:
(1) LIBS calibration in-orbit
A. first LIBS calibration sample is made as to current LIBS calibration sample.
B. load controller, according to the preset value of memory, sends corresponding control instruction to two-dimensional rotary controlAssembly, makes it drive scan mirror to rotate around trunnion axis and vertical axis, to pointing to optical axis intersection in calibration plateCurrent LIBS calibration sample on.
C. load controller, according to the preset value of memory, sends corresponding control instruction to secondary mirror focusing groupPart, makes the focus of Cassegrain telescope can accurately drop on the current LIBS calibration of pointing to optical axis and calibration plateIn the joining of sample. Load controller sends control instruction to optical path switcher, makes it switch to the first via.Load controller is pressed the demand that LIBS surveys, and sets corresponding TB and TD. Load controller sends and opensMain laser is opened in moving instruction, and main laser sends a 1064nm pulse laser beam first by beam-expanding collimation mirrorAfter beam-expanding collimation, the reflection of LIBS total reflective mirror, turning mirror turnover, then reflected by secondary mirror, after primary mirror reflection,Upwards advance along primary optical axis, upwards pass by protecting window, then change direct of travel by scan mirrorAlong pointing to optical axis transmission, focus on the current LIBS calibration sample that hits calibration plate. The LIBS inspiring returnsRipple signal reaches scan mirror along pointing to optical axis, then is reflected downwards and transmitted along primary optical axis by scan mirror,By protecting window, through primary mirror and secondary mirror reflection, advance downwards along primary optical axis, in primary mirror successively downwardsBetween circular hole after, focus on through relay lens group, the first color separation film reflection, the second color separation film reflection, converges atOn ultraviolet-visual spectrometer fiber end face. The LIBS signal of being collected by ultraviolet-visual spectrometer optical fiber is through optical fiberMultiplexer is divided into brachymedial long wave three tunnels, enters short wavelength light respectively along shortwave optical fiber, medium wave optical fiber, long wave optical fiberSpectrometer, medium wave spectrometer, longwave optical spectrometer, then surveyed by shortwave ccd detector, medium wave CCD respectivelyDevice, long wave ICCD detector sensing are converted into LIBS spectral signal, and deliver to load controller and depositStorage is analyzed.
D. successively by second, the 3rd ..., until last piece LIBS calibration sample is made as currentLIBS calibration sample. Constantly repeating step b. and c., gathers the LIBS spectrum of current LIBS calibration sampleSignal is also stored at load controller, until complete the LIBS of all LIBS calibration samples of calibration plateThe storage of spectral signal.
(2) Raman calibration in-orbit
E. load controller, by the demand of Raman detection, sets corresponding TB and TD. First is drawnGraceful calibration sample is made as current Raman calibration sample.
F. load controller, according to the preset value of memory, sends corresponding control instruction to two-dimensional rotary controlAssembly, makes it drive scan mirror to rotate around trunnion axis and vertical axis, to pointing to optical axis intersection in calibration plateCurrent Raman calibration sample on. Load controller sends control instruction to optical path switcher, and it is switched toThe second tunnel.
G. load controller sends enabled instruction and opens main laser. A 1064nm of main laser transmittingPulse laser beam, first through varactor doubler frequency multiplication, the pulse laser beam after frequency multiplication is successively through Raman total reflective mirror, twoThe reflection of look mirror, upwards advances along primary optical axis, upwards passes, then change by scan mirror by protecting windowBecome direct of travel along pointing to optical axis transmission, hit current Raman calibration sample. The Stokes Raman inspiringEcho-signal reaches scan mirror along pointing to optical axis, then is reflected downwards and passed along primary optical axis by scan mirrorDefeated, downwards by protecting window, through primary mirror and secondary mirror reflection, advance downwards along primary optical axis, by master successivelyAfter circular hole in the middle of mirror, focus on the first color separation film reflection, the second color separation film reflection, meeting through relay lens groupGather on ultraviolet-visual spectrometer fiber end face. The Stokes Raman of being collected by ultraviolet-visual spectrometer optical fiberEcho-signal enters longwave optical spectrometer through sonet multiplexer along long wave optical fiber, then is passed by long wave ICCD detectorSense is converted into raman spectral signal, and delivers to load controller and carry out inventory analysis.
H. successively by second, the 3rd ..., until last piece Raman calibration sample is made as current RamanCalibration sample. Constantly repeating step f. and g., gather the raman spectral signal of current Raman calibration sample andLoad controller is stored, until complete the depositing of raman spectral signal of calibration plate all Raman calibration samplesStorage.
(3) Mars target self-focusing
I. load controller sends control instruction to two-dimensional rotary Control Component, make its drive scan mirror aroundTrunnion axis and vertical axis rotate, to a certain Mars ore deposit of pointing to optical axis sensing Marsokhod front lower place search coverageThing, soil or rock target. The intersection point that points to optical axis and Mars mineral, soil or rock target is test point.
J. load controller sends enabled instruction to self-focusing laser, and self-focusing laser is launched continuouslyLaser beam is upwards transmitted through dichroic mirror, then on wear protecting window, change direct of travel edge by scan mirrorThe transmission of sensing optical axis, Continuous irradiation test point. The echo-signal of test point reflection reaches two dimension along pointing to optical axisPoint to mirror, then reflect downwards and transmit along primary optical axis by scan mirror, downwards by protecting window, successively warpPrimary mirror and secondary mirror reflection, advance downwards along primary optical axis, after the circular hole in the middle of primary mirror, through relay lens groupFocus on, the first color separation film reflection, the second color separation film transmission, converges at autofocussensor. Self-focusing is surveyedDevice sends the echo strength value of its sensing to load controller analysis. Load controller sends to control and refers toOrder, to secondary mirror focusing component, continuously changes the focal length of Cassegrain telescope, until autofocussensor sensingEcho strength value reach peak value. Now, test point is the focus point of Cassegrain telescope.
(4) Mars target acquisition
K. Mars target LIBS surveys
Load controller sends control instruction to optical path switcher, makes it switch to the first via. Load controllerPress the demand that LIBS surveys, set corresponding TB and TD. Load controller sends enabled instruction and opensMain laser, main laser send 1064nm pulse laser beam first by beam-expanding collimation mirror beam-expanding collimation,After LIBS total reflective mirror reflection, turning mirror turnover, then reflected by secondary mirror, after primary mirror reflection, along primary optical axis toOn advance, upwards pass by protecting window, then by scan mirror change direct of travel along point to optical axisTransmission, focuses on hit-test point. The LIBS echo-signal inspiring reaches scan mirror along pointing to optical axis,Reflect downwards and transmit along primary optical axis by scan mirror again, downwards by protecting window, successively through primary mirror and inferiorMirror reflection, advances downwards along primary optical axis, after the circular hole in the middle of primary mirror, focuses on through relay lens group, theOne color separation film reflection, the second color separation film reflection, converges on ultraviolet-visual spectrometer fiber end face. By ultravioletThe LIBS signal that visible spectrophotometer optical fiber is collected is divided into brachymedial long wave three tunnels through sonet multiplexer, respectively along shortGlistening light of waves fibre, medium wave optical fiber, long wave optical fiber enter short wavelength light spectrometer, medium wave spectrometer, longwave optical spectrometer, thenBe converted into by shortwave ccd detector, medium wave ccd detector, long wave ICCD detector sensing respectivelyLIBS spectral signal, and deliver to load controller and carry out inventory analysis.
L. Mars target LR laser raman is surveyed
Load controller sends control instruction to optical path switcher, makes it switch to the second tunnel. Load controllerSend enabled instruction and open main laser. A 1064nm pulse laser beam of main laser transmitting, first warpVaractor doubler frequency multiplication, the pulse laser beam after frequency multiplication is successively through Raman total reflective mirror, dichroic mirror reflection, along key lightAxially, advance, upwards pass by protecting window, then change direct of travel along sensing by scan mirrorOptical axis transmission, hit-test point. The Stokes Raman echo-signal inspiring reaches two dimension along pointing to optical axisPoint to mirror, then reflect downwards and transmit along primary optical axis by scan mirror, downwards by protecting window, successively warpPrimary mirror and secondary mirror reflection, advance downwards along primary optical axis, after the circular hole in the middle of primary mirror, through relay lens groupFocus on, the first color separation film reflection, the second color separation film reflection, converges on ultraviolet-visual spectrometer fiber end face.The Stokes Raman echo-signal of being collected by ultraviolet-visual spectrometer optical fiber through sonet multiplexer along longwave opticalFibre enters longwave optical spectrometer, then is converted into raman spectral signal by long wave ICCD detector sensing, and delivers toLoad controller carries out inventory analysis.
M. Mars target passive infrared spectrum is surveyed
Test point adjacent domain reflection from the radiation outside Mars in Mars mineral, soil or rock targetAfter, reach scan mirror along pointing to optical axis, then reflect downwards and transmit along primary optical axis by scan mirror, toBy protecting window, through primary mirror and secondary mirror reflection, advance downwards along primary optical axis, in the middle of primary mirror successively downCircular hole after, through relay lens group focus on, after the first color separation film transmission, can converge on infrared optical fiber end face.The Mars Target Infrared Radiation signal of being collected by infrared optical fiber is transferred on the slit of infrared AOTF spectrometer,Again through collimating mirror by after beam collimation, arrive on detector by AOTF light splitting and convergent mirror group, transformFor infrared spectroscopy signals, deliver to load controller and carry out inventory analysis.
(5) combined spectral analysis
N. load controller is calibrated LIBS and the Raman of the calibration sample obtaining in-orbit according to step (1) and (2)Spectroscopic data can be to spectrometer spectral line deviation and common atom LIBS position of spectral line and symmetrical molecule StokesRaman line frequency displacement position is revised. On this basis, the LIBS spectroscopic data obtaining according to test pointCarry out atom composition and quantitative analysis, the Raman spectrum data of obtaining according to test point is carried out symmetrical molecule compositionAnd quantitative analysis, then the ir data obtaining according to test point carries out chiral molecular composition and quantitatively dividesAnalyse, comprehensive above three kinds of atom and molecule information, and then carry out rock, soil and mineral type and differentiate.
The beneficial effect of this patent is to provide a kind of moving Mars material in conjunction with spectral technique of main quilt that adopts to becomeDivide analytical system and method. Initiatively LIBS spectrographic detection can be realized the qualitative and quantitative analysis of material atom,Initiatively time domain LR laser raman is surveyed the qualitative and quantitative analysis that can realize material symmetrical molecule, passive infrared spectrumDetection can realize the qualitative and quantitative analysis of material chiral molecular. The moving spectrum of main quilt is in conjunction with realize material simultaneouslyThe detection of atom, symmetrical molecule, chiral molecular, and then realize dividing of Mars rock, soil, mineral etc.Class and identification. Due to multiplexing light source, look in the distance light path and spectrometer etc., effectively expanding Mars species analysis modelWhen enclosing, keep the compact convenience of system.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are this patent system architecture and test philosophy schematic diagram, in figure: 1---Mars mineral,Soil or rock target; 2---test point; 3---optical head; 4---ultraviolet-visual spectrometer optical fiber;5---sonet multiplexer; 6---shortwave optical fiber; 7---medium wave optical fiber; 8---long wave optical fiber; 9---Short wavelength light spectrometer; 10---medium wave spectrometer; 11---longwave optical spectrometer; 12---calibration board mount; 13---calibration plate; 14---Marsokhod top board; 15---long wave ICCD detector; 16---medium wave CCDDetector; 17---shortwave ccd detector; 18---USB interface transmission line; 19---load controlDevice; 20---optical head control cable; 21---point to mirror support; 22---scan mirror; 23--infrared optical fiber; 24---autofocussensor; 25---the second color separation film; 26---the first color separation film;27---relay lens group; 28---primary mirror; 29---primary mirror bracing frame; 30---secondary mirror focusing component;31---secondary mirror; 32---secondary mirror bracing frame; 33---self-focusing laser; 34---dichroic mirror; 35--protecting window; 36---the second optical axis; 37---Raman total reflective mirror; 38---primary optical axis; 39---LIBSTotal reflective mirror; 40---turning mirror; 41---point to mirror control cables; 42---varactor doubler; 43---mainReference point; 44---point to optical axis; 45---beam-expanding collimation mirror; 46---optical path switcher; 47---theThree optical axises; 48---the 4th optical axis; 49---point control cable; 50---main laser; 51---afterbodyProtective cover; 52---circular hole; 53---two-dimensional rotary Control Component; 54---infrared AOTF spectrometer.
Note: USB is UniversalSerialBus, USB; LIBS is Laser-inducedBreakdownspectroscopy, LIBS; ICCD is IntensifiedCCD, strengthensCharge-coupled image sensor; CCD, i.e. Chargecoupleddivice, the charge-coupled image sensor referring to; AOTF,Be Acoustooptictunablefilter, the acousto-optic tunable filter referring to.
Detailed description of the invention
This patent detailed description of the invention as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
The dual multiplexing laser spectrum Mars mineralogical composition analytical system that this patent proposes mainly comprises optical headPortion 3, sonet multiplexer 5, shortwave optical fiber 6, medium wave optical fiber 7, long wave optical fiber 8, short wavelength light spectrometer 9,Medium wave spectrometer 10, longwave optical spectrometer 11, infrared AOTF spectrometer 54, calibration board mount 12, calibrationPlate 13, sensing mirror support 21, scan mirror 22, two-dimensional rotary Control Component 53, sensing mirror control electricityCable 41 and load controller 19.
Wherein, optical head 3 is mainly by autofocussensor 24, the second color separation film 25, the first color separation film26, relay lens group 27, primary mirror 28, primary mirror bracing frame 29; Secondary mirror focusing component 30, secondary mirror 31, inferiorMirror bracing frame 32, self-focusing laser 33, dichroic mirror 34, protecting window 35, Raman total reflective mirror 37,LIBS total reflective mirror 39, turning mirror 40, varactor doubler 42, beam-expanding collimation mirror 45, optical path switcher 46,Point control cable 49, main laser 50, tail part protection cover 51, optical head control cable 20, ultraviolet canSee that spectrometer optical fiber 4 and infrared optical fiber 23 form.
Short wavelength light spectrometer 9, medium wave spectrometer 10, longwave optical spectrometer 11, infrared AOTF spectrometer 54 andLoad controller 19 is arranged in Marsokhod. Calibration plate 13 is by some LIBS and Raman calibration sample groupBecome (note: be ten LIBS calibration samples and two Raman calibration samples in the present embodiment), by calibration plateSupport 12 is arranged on Marsokhod top board 14; Point to mirror support 21 bottoms and be arranged on Marsokhod top board 14,And having circular hole 52 at this place, scan mirror 22 is arranged on and points to mirror support 21 tops; Optical head3 tops have transparency protected window 35, and its geomery is consistent with circular hole 52, and optical head 3 is arranged onBelow Marsokhod top board 14, installation site ensures transparency protected window 35 and circular hole 52 position consistency.
Autofocussensor 24, secondary mirror focusing component 30, self-focusing laser 33, optical path switcher 46,And main laser 50 respectively carry sub-control cable processed 49, five tunnels divide control cable 49 form optical head controlCable 20, is connected with load controller 19, for receiving the control signal of load controller 19, whereinAutofocussensor 24 can feed back metrical information to load controller 19 by optical head control cable 20.Load controller 19 is connected with two-dimensional rotary Control Component 53 by pointing to mirror control cables 41, in order to send outGo out control signal, scan mirror 22 is rotated around trunnion axis and vertical axis, realize two dimension and point to.
Short wavelength light spectrometer 9, medium wave spectrometer 10 all adopt Czerny-Turner form with longwave optical spectrometer 11Plane grating spectrograph structure, the sensor of longwave optical spectrometer 11 adopts ICCD area array sensor, itsThe extremely faint spectrum letter of the pulse laser induced Raman of sensing when high sensitivity can ensure LIBS detectionNumber. Infrared AOTF spectrometer 54 adopts AOTF light splitting, and the INFRARED SPECTRUM segment signal of optical head 3 passes throughInfrared optical fiber 23 is transferred on the slit of infrared AOTF spectrometer 54, then passes through collimating mirror by beam collimationAfter, arriving on detector by AOTF light splitting and convergent mirror group, the passive infrared that can obtain Mars target is highResolution ratio spectrum, for ensaying and rock identification.
Short wavelength light spectrometer 9, medium wave spectrometer 10, longwave optical spectrometer 11 and infrared AOTF spectrometer 54 are eachFrom connecting with load controller 19 by USB interface transmission line 18, to load controller 19 output spectrumsSignal and receive the control signal of load controller 19, for synchronous open long wave ICCD detector 15,Medium wave ccd detector 16, shortwave ccd detector 17 expose and regulate time for exposure TB. CarryLotus controller 19 can be given 50 starting impulses of main laser, and control main laser 50 and short wavelength light spectrometer 9,Time delay TD between medium wave spectrometer 10 and 11 unlatchings of longwave optical spectrometer. (note: the present embodiment, for obtainingSignal to noise ratio preferably, surveys corresponding to LIBS, and TB sets 1 millisecond, and TD is set as 1 microsecond; CorrespondingIn Raman detection, TB set for 140 nanoseconds, and TD was set as for 10 nanoseconds)
Secondary mirror 31 forms Cassegrain telescope structure with primary mirror 28. Secondary mirror 31 is arranged on secondary mirror bracing frameOn 32, can be controlled along primary optical axis 38 translations by secondary mirror focusing component 30, thereby change Cassegrain telescopeFocal length, realize the Laser Focusing of different distance. Primary mirror 28 is arranged on primary mirror bracing frame 29.
The pulse laser beam that main laser 50 is launched is in the time that optical path switcher 46 is switched to the first via, first by expandingAfter bundle collimating mirror 45 beam-expanding collimations, LIBS total reflective mirror 39 reflect, turning mirror 40 is transferred, then by secondary mirror 31Reflection, after primary mirror 28 reflections, upwards advances along primary optical axis 38, upwards passes by protecting window 35,Change direct of travel by scan mirror 22 again, realize the Laser Focusing to source location.
The pulse laser beam that main laser 50 is launched is in the time that optical path switcher 46 is switched to the second tunnel, first through twoFrequency multiplier 42 carries out frequency multiplication, and the pulse laser beam after frequency multiplication is successively through Raman total reflective mirror 37, dichroic mirror 34Reflection, upwards advances along primary optical axis 38, upwards passes, then pass through scan mirror by protecting window 3522 change direct of travel, realize the Ear Mucosa Treated by He Ne Laser Irradiation to source location. (note: do not look in the distance by CassegrainMirror, non-focusing pattern)
Primary optical axis 38, the second optical axis 36, the 4th optical axis 48 threes are parallel; Primary optical axis 38 and the 3rd optical axis47 is vertical; Primary optical axis 38 and sensing optical axis 44 are coplanar with the normal of scan mirror 22, meet reflection fixedThe geometrical relationship of rule, primary optical axis 38 is scan mirror 22 center with the intersection point that points to optical axis 44, fixedJustice is main reference point 43. Locus according to calibration plate 13 with respect to main reference point 43, i.e. distance and sideParallactic angle, can calculate the angle value of corresponding scan mirror and the focal length value of Cassegrain telescope, and these are worth storageExist in the memory of load controller 19 as preset value for calling, in order to realize fixed on calibration plate 13The sensing of standard specimen product and Laser Focusing.
Mars exploration based on dual multiplexing laser spectrum Mars mineralogical composition analytical system enters according to the following stepsOK:
(1) LIBS calibration in-orbit
A. first LIBS calibration sample is made as to current LIBS calibration sample.
B. load controller 19, according to the preset value of memory, sends corresponding control instruction to two-dimensional rotaryControl Component 53, makes it drive scan mirror 22 to rotate around trunnion axis and vertical axis, to pointing to optical axis 44Intersect on the current LIBS calibration sample of calibration plate 13.
C. load controller 19, according to the preset value of memory, sends corresponding control instruction and focuses to secondary mirrorAssembly 30, makes the focus of Cassegrain telescope can accurately drop on sensing optical axis 44 and calibrate the current of plate 13In the joining of LIBS calibration sample. Load controller 19 sends control instruction to optical path switcher 46, makesIt switches to the first via. Load controller 19 press LIBS survey demand, set corresponding TB andTD. Load controller 19 sends enabled instruction unlatching main laser 50, and (the present embodiment is nanosecond 1064nmDiode pumped solid state laser), main laser 50 sends a 1064nm pulse laser beam first by expandingAfter collimating mirror 45 beam-expanding collimations, LIBS total reflective mirror 39 reflect, turning mirror 40 is transferred, then by secondary mirror 31Reflection, after primary mirror 28 reflections, upwards advances along primary optical axis 38, upwards passes by protecting window 35,Change direct of travel by scan mirror 22 again and transmit along pointing to optical axis 44, focus on and hit calibration plate 13Current LIBS calibration sample. The LIBS echo-signal inspiring reaches two dimension sensing along pointing to optical axis 44Mirror 22, then reflect downwards and transmit along primary optical axis 38 by scan mirror 22, downwards by protecting window 35,Reflect through primary mirror 28 and secondary mirror 31 successively, advance downwards along primary optical axis 38, by the circle in the middle of primary mirror 28Kong Hou, focuses on through relay lens group 27, and the first color separation film 26 reflects, and the second color separation film 25 reflects, meetingGather on ultraviolet-visual spectrometer optical fiber 4 end faces. The LIBS being collected by ultraviolet-visual spectrometer optical fiber 4 believesNumber be divided into brachymedial long wave three tunnels through sonet multiplexer 5, respectively along shortwave optical fiber 6, medium wave optical fiber 7, long waveOptical fiber 8 enters short wavelength light spectrometer 9 (note: spectral region 240-340nm in the present embodiment, spectral resolution0.1nm), medium wave spectrometer 10 (note: spectral region 340-540nm in the present embodiment, spectral resolution0.2nm), longwave optical spectrometer 11 (note: spectral region 540-850nm in the present embodiment, spectral resolution0.3nm), more respectively visited by shortwave ccd detector 17, medium wave ccd detector 16, long wave ICCDSurvey device 15 sensings and be converted into LIBS spectral signal, and deliver to load controller 19 and carry out inventory analysis.
D. successively by second, the 3rd ..., until last piece LIBS calibration sample is made as currentLIBS calibration sample. Constantly repeating step b. and c., gathers the LIBS spectrum of current LIBS calibration sampleSignal is also stored at load controller 19, until complete calibration plate 13 all LIBS calibration samplesThe storage of LIBS spectral signal.
(2) Raman calibration in-orbit
E. load controller 19, by the demand of Raman detection, sets corresponding TB and TD. By firstRaman calibration sample is made as current Raman calibration sample.
F. load controller 19, according to the preset value of memory, sends corresponding control instruction to two-dimensional rotaryControl Component 53, makes it drive scan mirror 22 to rotate around trunnion axis and vertical axis, to pointing to optical axis 44Intersect on the current Raman calibration sample of calibration plate 13. Load controller 19 sends control instruction to light pathSwitch 46, makes it switch to the second tunnel.
G. load controller 19 sends enabled instruction and opens main laser 50. Main laser 50 launch oneIndividual 1064nm pulse laser beam, first through varactor doubler 42 frequencys multiplication (note: be 532nm after the present embodiment frequency multiplicationPulse laser), the pulse laser beam after frequency multiplication reflects through Raman total reflective mirror 37, dichroic mirror 34 successively, along mainOptical axis 38 is upwards advanced, and upwards passes, then change row by scan mirror 22 by protecting window 35Enter direction and transmit along pointing to optical axis 44, hit current Raman calibration sample. The Stokes Raman inspiringEcho-signal reaches scan mirror 22 along pointing to optical axis 44, then is reflected downward along main by scan mirror 22Optical axis 38 transmits, and by protecting window 35, reflects successively, along key light through primary mirror 28 and secondary mirror 31 downwardsAxle 38 is advanced downwards, after the circular hole in the middle of primary mirror 28, focuses on first point through relay lens group 27Color chips 26 reflects, and the second color separation film 25 reflects, and converges on ultraviolet-visual spectrometer optical fiber 4 end faces. ByThe Stokes Raman echo-signal that ultraviolet-visual spectrometer optical fiber 4 is collected through sonet multiplexer 5 along longwave opticalFine 8 enter longwave optical spectrometer 11, then are converted into raman spectral signal by long wave ICCD detector 15 sensings,And deliver to load controller 19 and carry out inventory analysis.
H. successively by second, the 3rd ..., until last piece Raman calibration sample is made as current RamanCalibration sample. Constantly repeating step f. and g., gather the raman spectral signal of current Raman calibration sample andLoad controller 19 is stored, until complete the Raman spectrum letter of all Raman calibration samples of calibration plate 13Number storage.
(3) Mars target self-focusing
I. load controller 19 sends control instruction to two-dimensional rotary Control Component 53, makes it drive two dimension to refer toRotate around trunnion axis and vertical axis to mirror 22, point to Marsokhod front lower place search coverage to pointing to optical axis 44A certain Mars mineral, soil or rock target 1. Point to optical axis 44 and Mars mineral, soil or rock target1 intersection point is test point 2.
J. load controller 19 sends enabled instruction to self-focusing laser 33 (note: the present embodiment isThe continuous laser diode QLD-808-150SN of Rayscience company, its wavelength is 808nm), autohemagglutinationBurnt laser instrument 33 launch continuous laser beam upwards transmitted through dichroic mirror 34 (note: in the present embodiment, this pairThe two-sided plating high transmittance film of look mirror and high-reflecting film, can realize the high transmission of 808nm, the high reflection of 532nm), then on wearProtecting window 35, changes direct of travel by scan mirror 22 and transmits along pointing to optical axis 44, Continuous irradiationTest point 2. The echo-signal that test point 2 reflects reaches scan mirror 22 along pointing to optical axis 44, then byScan mirror 22 reflects downwards and transmits along primary optical axis 38, downwards by protecting window 35, successively through primary mirror28 and secondary mirror 31 reflect, advance downwards along primary optical axis 38, after the circular hole in the middle of primary mirror 28, through inThe set of lenses that continues 27 focuses on, and the first color separation film 26 reflects, and the second color separation film 25 transmissions, converge at self-focusingDetector 24. Autofocussensor 24 sends the echo strength value of its sensing to load controller 19 to carry outAnalyze. Load controller 19 sends control instruction to secondary mirror focusing component 30, continuously changes Cassegrain and hopesThe focal length of mirror far away, until the echo strength value of autofocussensor 24 sensings reaches peak value. Now, testPoint 2 is the focus point of Cassegrain telescope.
(4) Mars target acquisition
K. Mars target LIBS surveys
Load controller 19 sends control instruction to optical path switcher 46, makes it switch to the first via. LoadController 19 is pressed the demand that LIBS surveys, and sets corresponding TB and TD. Load controller 19 sendsMain laser 50 is opened in enabled instruction, and main laser 50 sends a 1064nm pulse laser beam first by expandingAfter bundle collimating mirror 45 beam-expanding collimations, LIBS total reflective mirror 39 reflect, turning mirror 40 is transferred, then by secondary mirror 31Reflection, after primary mirror 28 reflections, upwards advances along primary optical axis 38, upwards passes by protecting window 35,Change direct of travel by scan mirror 22 again and transmit along pointing to optical axis 44, focus on hit-test point 2.The LIBS echo-signal inspiring reaches scan mirror 22 along pointing to optical axis 44, then by scan mirror22 reflections are transmitted along primary optical axis 38 downwards, downwards by protecting window 35, successively through primary mirror 28 and secondary mirror31 reflections, advance downwards along primary optical axis 38, after the circular hole in the middle of primary mirror 28, through relay lens group27 focus on, and the first color separation film 26 reflects, and the second color separation film 25 reflects, and converges at ultraviolet-visual spectrometer lightOn fine 4 end faces. The LIBS signal of being collected by ultraviolet-visual spectrometer optical fiber 4 is divided into through sonet multiplexer 5Brachymedial long wave three tunnels, respectively along shortwave optical fiber 6, medium wave optical fiber 7, long wave optical fiber 8 enter short wavelength light spectrometer 9,Medium wave spectrometer 10, longwave optical spectrometer 11, then visited by shortwave ccd detector 17, medium wave CCD respectivelySurvey device 16, long wave ICCD detector 15 sensings are converted into LIBS spectral signal, and deliver to load controlDevice 19 carries out inventory analysis.
L. Mars target LR laser raman is surveyed
Load controller 19 sends control instruction to optical path switcher 46, makes it switch to the second tunnel. LoadController 19 sends enabled instruction and opens main laser 50. The 1064nm arteries and veins that main laser 50 is launchedImpulse light beam, first through varactor doubler 42 frequencys multiplication, the pulse laser beam after frequency multiplication successively through Raman total reflective mirror 37,Dichroic mirror 34 reflects, and upwards advances along primary optical axis 38, upwards passes, then pass through by protecting window 35Scan mirror 22 changes direct of travel to be transmitted along pointing to optical axis 44, hit-test point 2. This inspiringLentor Raman echo-signal reaches scan mirror 22 along pointing to optical axis 44, then by scan mirror 22Reflection is transmitted along primary optical axis 38 downwards, downwards by protecting window 35, successively through primary mirror 28 and secondary mirror 31Reflection, advances downwards along primary optical axis 38, after the circular hole in the middle of primary mirror 28, through relay lens group 27Focus on, the first color separation film 26 reflects, and the second color separation film 25 reflects, and converges at ultraviolet-visual spectrometer optical fiberOn 4 end faces. The Stokes Raman echo-signal of being collected by ultraviolet-visual spectrometer optical fiber 4 is through optical fiber multiplexingDevice 5 enters longwave optical spectrometer 11 along long wave optical fiber 8, then is converted into by long wave ICCD detector 15 sensingsRaman spectral signal, and deliver to load controller 19 and carry out inventory analysis.
M. Mars target passive infrared spectrum is surveyed
Test point 2 adjacent domains from the radiation outside Mars in Mars mineral, soil or rock target 1After reflection, reach scan mirror 22 along pointing to optical axis 44, then reflected downward along main by scan mirror 22Optical axis 38 transmits, and by protecting window 35, reflects successively, along key light through primary mirror 28 and secondary mirror 31 downwardsAxle 38 is advanced downwards, after the circular hole in the middle of primary mirror 28, focuses on first point through relay lens group 27After color chips 26 transmissions, can converge on infrared optical fiber 23 end faces. The Mars target of being collected by infrared optical fiber 23Infrared radiation signal is transferred to infrared AOTF spectrometer 54 (note: the present embodiment spectral region850～2400nm) slit on, then through collimating mirror by after beam collimation, by AOTF light splitting and meetingPoly-mirror group arrives on detector, is converted into infrared spectroscopy signals, delivers to load controller 19 and stores pointAnalyse.
(5) combined spectral analysis
N. load controller 19 is calibrated in-orbit the LIBS of the calibration sample obtaining and draws according to step (1) and (2)Graceful spectroscopic data can be to spectrometer spectral line deviation and common atom LIBS position of spectral line and symmetrical molecule stokeThis Raman line frequency displacement position is revised. On this basis, the LIBS spectrum obtaining according to test point 2Data are carried out atom composition and quantitative analysis, and the Raman spectrum data of obtaining according to test point 2 is carried out symmetry pointSon composition and quantitative analysis, then the ir data obtaining according to test point 2 carries out chiral molecular compositionAnd quantitative analysis, comprehensive above three kinds of atom and molecule information, and then carry out rock, soil and mineral type mirrorNot.
Claims (1)
1. based on the moving Mars elemental analysis system in conjunction with spectral technique of main quilt, system comprises opticsHead (3), sonet multiplexer (5), shortwave optical fiber (6), medium wave optical fiber (7), long wave optical fiber (8),Short wavelength light spectrometer (9), medium wave spectrometer (10), longwave optical spectrometer (11), infrared AOTF spectrometer (54),Calibration board mount (12), calibration plate (13), sensing mirror support (21), scan mirror (22), two dimensionRotate Control Component (53), point to mirror control cables (41) and load controller (19), it is characterized in that:
Optical head (3) comprise autofocussensor (24), the second color separation film (25), the first color separation film (26), inThe set of lenses that continues (27), primary mirror (28), primary mirror bracing frame (29), secondary mirror focusing component (30), secondary mirror (31), inferiorMirror bracing frame (32), self-focusing laser (33), dichroic mirror (34), protecting window (35), Raman total reflective mirror (37),LIBS total reflective mirror (39), turning mirror (40), varactor doubler (42), beam-expanding collimation mirror (45), optical path switcher (46),Divide and control cable (49), main laser (50), tail part protection cover (51), optical head control cable (20), purpleOuter visible spectrophotometer optical fiber (4) and infrared optical fiber (23);
Short wavelength light spectrometer (9), medium wave spectrometer (10), longwave optical spectrometer (11), infrared AOTF spectrometer (54)And load controller (19) is arranged in Marsokhod, calibration plate (13) is by some LIBS and Raman calibration sampleComposition, is arranged on Marsokhod top board (14) by calibration board mount (12); Pointing to mirror support (21) bottom installsUpper at Marsokhod top board (14), and have circular hole (52) at this place, scan mirror (22) is arranged on sensing mirror and props upFrame (21) top; Optical head (3) top has transparency protected window (35), its geomery and circular hole (52)Unanimously, optical head (3) is arranged on Marsokhod top board (14) below, and installation site ensures transparency protected window (35)With circular hole (52) position consistency;
Autofocussensor (24), secondary mirror focusing component (30), self-focusing laser (33), optical path switcher (46),And main laser (50) respectively carries sub-control cable processed (49), five tunnels are divided and are controlled the control of cable (49) composition optical headCable processed (20), is connected with load controller (19), for receiving the control signal of load controller (19),Wherein autofocussensor (24) can be surveyed to load controller (19) feedback by optical head control cable (20)Amount information; Load controller (19) is by pointing to mirror control cables (41) and two-dimensional rotary Control Component (53) phaseConnect, in order to send control signal, scan mirror (22) is rotated around trunnion axis and vertical axis, realize two dimensionPoint to;
Short wavelength light spectrometer (9), medium wave spectrometer (10) all adopt Czerny-Turner shape with longwave optical spectrometer (11)The plane grating spectrograph structure of formula, the sensor of longwave optical spectrometer (11) adopts ICCD area array sensor,The extremely faint spectrum of the pulse laser induced Raman of sensing when its high sensitivity can ensure LIBS detectionSignal; Infrared AOTF spectrometer (54) adopts AOTF light splitting, and the INFRARED SPECTRUM segment signal of optical head (3) is logicalCross on the slit that infrared optical fiber (23) is transferred to infrared AOTF spectrometer (54), then pass through collimating mirror by light beamAfter collimation, arrive on detector by AOTF light splitting and convergent mirror group, can obtain the passive red of Mars targetOuter high-resolution spectroscopy, for ensaying and rock identification;
Short wavelength light spectrometer (9), medium wave spectrometer (10), longwave optical spectrometer (11) and infrared AOTF spectrometer (54)Connect with load controller (19) by USB interface transmission line (18) separately, export to load controller (19)The control signal of spectral signal and reception load controller (19), surveys for the synchronous long wave ICCD that opensDevice (15), medium wave ccd detector (16), shortwave ccd detector (17) expose and regulate the time for exposureTB; Load controller (19) sends out starting impulse can to main laser (50), and controls main laser (50) with shortTime delay TD between glistening light of waves spectrometer (9), medium wave spectrometer (10) and longwave optical spectrometer (11) unlatching;
Secondary mirror (31) and primary mirror (28) composition Cassegrain telescope structure, secondary mirror (31) is arranged on secondary mirror bracing frame(32) upper, can be controlled along primary optical axis (38) translation by secondary mirror focusing component (30), look in the distance thereby change CassegrainThe focal length of mirror, realizes the Laser Focusing of different distance; Primary mirror (28) is arranged on primary mirror bracing frame (29);
The pulse laser beam of main laser (50) transmitting in the time that optical path switcher (46) is switched to the first via, first byAfter beam-expanding collimation mirror (45) beam-expanding collimation, LIBS total reflective mirror (39) reflection, turning mirror (40) turnover, then by inferiorMirror (31) reflection, after primary mirror (28) reflection, upwards advances along primary optical axis (38), by protecting window (35) upwardsPass, then change direct of travel by scan mirror (22), realize the Laser Focusing to source location;
The pulse laser beam of main laser (50) transmitting in the time that optical path switcher (46) is switched to the second tunnel, first warpVaractor doubler (42) carries out frequency multiplication, and the pulse laser beam after frequency multiplication is successively through Raman total reflective mirror (37), dichroic mirror (34)Reflection, upwards advances along primary optical axis (38), upwards passes, then point to by two dimension by protecting window (35)Mirror (22) changes direct of travel, realizes the Ear Mucosa Treated by He Ne Laser Irradiation to source location;
Primary optical axis (38), the second optical axis (36), the 4th optical axis (48) three are parallel; Primary optical axis (38) and the 3rd optical axis (47)Vertically; Primary optical axis (38) and sensing optical axis (44) are coplanar with the normal of scan mirror (22), meet reflection lawGeometrical relationship, primary optical axis (38) with point to optical axis (44) intersection point be the center of scan mirror (22), definitionBe main reference point (43); Locus according to calibration plate (13) with respect to main reference point (43), i.e. distance and sideParallactic angle, can calculate the angle value of corresponding scan mirror and the focal length value of Cassegrain telescope, and these are worth storageExist in the memory of load controller (19) as preset value for calling, in order to realize on calibration plate (13)The sensing of calibration sample and Laser Focusing.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105548133A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-05-04 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Mars material composition testing system and method based on active/passive combined spectrum technology |
| CN107300549A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-10-27 | 山东大学 | Mars In situ spectroscopic is combined experimental provision and experimental method |
| CN108152268A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-06-12 | 威海怡和专用设备制造有限公司 | LIBS spectrum investigating systems based on streak tube |
| CN110887816A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-03-17 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Active and passive dual-mode spectrometer |
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2015
- 2015-12-01 CN CN201520979098.XU patent/CN205246541U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105548133A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-05-04 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Mars material composition testing system and method based on active/passive combined spectrum technology |
| CN105548133B (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2018-02-16 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Based on the main active agent composition test system and method for passively combining spectral technique |
| CN107300549A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-10-27 | 山东大学 | Mars In situ spectroscopic is combined experimental provision and experimental method |
| CN107300549B (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2020-09-25 | 山东大学 | Mars in-situ spectrum combined experimental device and experimental method |
| CN108152268A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-06-12 | 威海怡和专用设备制造有限公司 | LIBS spectrum investigating systems based on streak tube |
| CN110887816A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-03-17 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Active and passive dual-mode spectrometer |
| CN110887816B (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2021-12-31 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Active and passive dual-mode spectrometer |
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