CN205209919U - Measure device of liquid in solid surface's advancing contact angle , receding contact angle and delay power - Google Patents
Measure device of liquid in solid surface's advancing contact angle , receding contact angle and delay power Download PDFInfo
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- CN205209919U CN205209919U CN201520982437.XU CN201520982437U CN205209919U CN 205209919 U CN205209919 U CN 205209919U CN 201520982437 U CN201520982437 U CN 201520982437U CN 205209919 U CN205209919 U CN 205209919U
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Abstract
(B, ) the utility model discloses a measure device of liquid in solid surface's advancing contact angle, receding contact angle and delay power. It includes and base (1) is equipped with moving platform (2) in base (1), and moving platform (2) top is equipped with frame (3), is equipped with motor (4) in frame (3), and motor (4) are connected with rotation axis (6) through drive belt (5), and rotation axis (6) below is equipped with position trigger switch (7), and rotation axis (6) top is equipped with rotary platform (8), is equipped with compact heap (9) on rotary platform (8), the both sides of base (1) are equipped with stand (10), are equipped with on stand (10) of one side camera (11), are equipped with on stand (10) of opposite side background light source (12), and rotary platform (8) set up between camera (11) camera lens and background light source (12), position trigger switch (7) be connected with control circuit board (13), control circuit board (13) link to each other with camera (11). (B, )
Description
Technical field
Gu the utility model relates to measure liquid at the device of the liquid/stream/-interface parameter of solid surface, particularly measurement liquid at the advancing contact angle of solid surface, receding contact angle, wetting state, adhesion (adhesiveforce) and retention force (retention/retentiveforce) Gu etc. the measurement mechanism of liquid/stream/-interface parameter.
Background technology
Liquid is in the wetting state of solid surface, contact angle and delay degree (contactanglehysteresis thereof, CAH) and drop solid surface attachment (adhesion) and be detained (retention) Gu phenomenon is important liquid/stream/-interface parameter, relate to many aspect (GeoMerceretal. of fundamental research and practical application, ProcessDrivenModelsforSprayRetentionbyPlants.InWake, G. (Ed.) Proceedingsofthe2006Mathematics-In-IndustryStudyGroup, 30January-3February2006, NewZealand, Auckland), if agricultural chemicals is in the sprinkling on plant leaf surface, steam (steam) is in the condensation of blade/aerofoil surface, the globule on glass for vehicle window surface is assembled/is detained.And drop all plays a part quite crucial in these phenomenons and process at the retention force of solid surface or confining force (retention/retentiveforce), and retention force and drop are closely related in the shape of (inclination) solid surface at the advancing contact angle of solid surface and receding contact angle and drop.Measure the contact angle of drop at solid surface, especially forward/backward contact angle is also weigh/characterize the important and at present the most frequently used means of liquid in the wetting state of solid surface.By the drop of certain volume is placed in a solid surface, then constantly tilt solid surface, observe simultaneously and measure shape and its change in the position of solid surface of this drop, can to slide from same drop obtains static contact angle, advancing contact angle, receding contact angle and drop under certain conditions the minimum surface angle of inclination of (or roll), thus to obtain drop at the contact angle hysteresis degree (CAH) of solid surface and retention force.Such measuring method is called tilting table method (tiltingstagemethod), can be realized by tilt overall contact angle measurement or its members (sample stage as only slant setting solid surface).The defect of this measuring method is mainly manifested in: (a) overall contact angle measurement gradient method is very heavy, not only need the inclination realizing bulky, baroque equipment set, and in an inclined state, some parts (as liquid-adding device) cannot normally work; No matter b () be overall contact angle measurement gradient method or members gradient method, all cannot ensure that drop is bound to slide in tilting procedure (or rolling), also cannot ensure that the upper and lower end three-phase junction of drop is moved.The former means can not ensure to measure and obtains initial slides/rolls pitch angle, and the latter means to measure and advanced or receding contact angle; C another defect of () tilting table method is that measuring the initial slides/rolls pitch angle obtained often is difficult to repetition, this partly cause be wherein many influence factors that is possible, association cannot obtain in this measuring process independent, control accurately.Such as cannot keep constant to the normal pressure of solid surface of drop in tilting procedure, and the latter may affect the retention force of drop at solid surface, thus affect initial slides/rolls pitch angle.The power that d the maximum drive drop of () tilting table method slides (or rolling) is the self gravitation (when pitch angle is 90 degree) suffered by drop, if corresponding motion can't be there is in drop under this power effect, just cannot realize the measurement of corresponding parameter, as forward/backward contact angle, initial slides/rolls pitch angle etc.Many contact angles are not very large, although or the equally also large system of the large contact angle hysteresis degree (CAH) of contact angle just cannot obtain corresponding parameter by tilting table method.Although partly can be affected this process (increasing the gravity of drop self) by the volume constantly increasing drop, but this have also been changed the contact area of drop and solid surface simultaneously, being very restricted in addition, is not to how system can reach corresponding object by these means yet.
Current another kind measurement liquid is adopt droplet size increasing, subtraction at the advancing contact angle of solid surface and the universal method of receding contact angle, and the volume namely by increasing or reduce drop lentamente forces its three-phase line of contact to be moved and measures the mobile method that front flashy contact angle occurs.General also only larger to the contact angle system of this method is just suitable for, and also often along with variety of problems (as drop presents serious asymmetry) in actual mechanical process; The wetting state of soaking the kapillary be embedded in drop when moving back contact angle in addition after a measurement will have an impact to measurement result, cause the repeatability of this numerical value often bad.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is, provides a kind of and measures the device of liquid at the advancing contact angle of solid surface, receding contact angle and retention force.The utility model has that structure is simple, easy to operate, measurement range is wide, accuracy of measurement is high, the feature of favorable repeatability.
The technical solution of the utility model: a kind ofly measure the device of liquid at the advancing contact angle of solid surface, receding contact angle and retention force, comprise base, mobile platform is provided with in base, frame is provided with above mobile platform, be provided with motor in frame, motor is connected with turning axle through driving-belt, is provided with location triggered switch below turning axle, be provided with rotation platform above turning axle, rotation platform is provided with compact heap; The both sides of described base are provided with column, and the column of side is provided with video camera, and the column of opposite side is provided with background light source, and rotation platform is arranged between camera lens and background light source; Described location triggered switch is connected with control circuit board, and control circuit board is connected with video camera.
Above-mentioned measurement liquid is in the device of the advancing contact angle of solid surface, receding contact angle and retention force, and described location triggered switch is fixing rotary encoder on the rotary shaft, and rotary encoder is connected with control circuit board.
Aforesaid measurement liquid is in the device of the advancing contact angle of solid surface, receding contact angle and retention force, described motor is stepper motor, and described location triggered switch comprises fixing blanking disc on the rotary shaft, the correspondence position of blanking disc is fixed with photoelectric sensor; Described photoelectric sensor via line is connected with control circuit board.
Aforesaid measurement liquid is in the device of the advancing contact angle of solid surface, receding contact angle and retention force, described mobile platform comprises the vertical mobile platform be fixed on base, vertical mobile platform is provided with horizontal shifting platform, and frame is arranged on horizontal shifting platform.
Aforesaid measurement liquid is in the device of the advancing contact angle of solid surface, receding contact angle and retention force, and described control circuit board is connected with computer for controlling through RS232 or RS485 communication cable.
Aforesaid measurement liquid, in the device of the advancing contact angle of solid surface, receding contact angle and retention force, is also provided with focus adjustment platform between described column and video camera.
Aforesaid measurement liquid is in the device of the advancing contact angle of solid surface, receding contact angle and retention force, and described rotation platform surface is provided with isocentric circular arc scale.
Aforesaid measurement liquid is in the device of the advancing contact angle of solid surface, receding contact angle and retention force, described rotation platform is crosswise, the outside of rotation platform is provided with dihedral vane, dihedral vane and rotation platform hinged, and hinged place is provided with ratchet.
Compared with prior art, the utility model is in the Liquid particle image on the solid surface under rotary centrifugal force effect by video capture, Gu the Liquid particle image arrived according to video capture calculates drop characterizes liquid/stream/-phase wetting characteristics important parameter at the advancing contact angle of this fixing specimen surface, receding contact angle and retention force etc.Compare with droplet size increase and decrease method with tilting table method conventional at present, the utility model is relatively simple, and operate more convenient, range of application expands to nearly all system, accuracy of measurement and repeatability high, for the research in this field and measurement provide brand-new, a superior alternative measurement means.And the utility model can be integrated on common optical contact angle measuring instrument easily, complete the multiple measurement that traditional tilting table mensuration and droplet size increase and decrease method cannot complete.In addition, the utility model can in many scientific researches, improved product/field such as exploitation and industrial processes, Gu measure about the important characterization parameter of the fundamental sum of liquid/stream/-boundary moisture.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the measurement mechanism of embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the measurement mechanism of embodiment 2;
Fig. 3 is the partial drop side image be under centrifugal action obtained in the utility model embodiment 1;
Fig. 4 is drop contact outside angle (the θ a by obtaining after analyzing the drop side image obtained/calculate in the utility model embodiment 1, unit: degree) Gu and liquid/stream/-three-phase line of contact position (3PCP-R, unit: pixel) with the adjoint situation of change of angular velocity of rotation ω (unit: rev/min);
Fig. 5 is drop interior side contacts angle (the θ r by obtaining after analyzing the drop side image obtained/calculate in the utility model embodiment 1, unit: degree) Gu and liquid/stream/-three-phase line of contact position (3PCP-L, unit: pixel) with the adjoint situation of change of angular velocity of rotation ω (unit: rev/min);
Fig. 6 is signal principle transitive graph of the present utility model;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation on rotation platform surface;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of crosswise rotation platform.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the utility model is described in further detail, but not as to restriction of the present utility model.
Embodiment 1: measure the advancing contact angle of liquid at solid surface, the device of receding contact angle and retention force, as shown in Figure 1, comprise base 1, mobile platform 2 is provided with in base 1, mobile platform 2 comprises the vertical mobile platform 16 be fixed on base 1, vertical mobile platform is provided with horizontal shifting platform 17, horizontal shifting platform 17 is provided with frame 3, frame 3 internal fixtion has motor 4, motor 4 is connected with turning axle 6 through driving-belt, turning axle 6 is erected at frame 3 central authorities, location triggered switch 7 is connected with below turning axle 6, location triggered switch 7 is also rotary encoder, described rotary encoder sends the pulse of A phase, the pulse of B phase and the pulse of Z phase, the pulse of A phase and the pulse of B phase are used for the rotating speed detecting Plane of rotation in real time, the pulse of Z phase is used for the swing offset detecting Plane of rotation in real time, rotary encoder 7 is connected with control circuit board 13, control circuit board 13 is connected with video camera 11, when Z phase pulse detection is positioned at trigger position to Plane of rotation, rotary encoder via controller sends trigger pip to video camera 11, toggling camera 11 pairs of drops are captured.As shown in Figure 7, above turning axle 6, be provided with rotation platform 8, isocentric circular arc scale 20 be also carved with on the surface of rotation platform 8, can read on it certain a bit with the radial distance of main axis, rotation platform 8 is provided with compact heap 9; The both sides of described base 1 are provided with column 10, focus adjustment platform 19 on the column 10-1 of side, focus adjustment platform 19 is provided with the video camera 11 being equipped with optical lens, the column 10-2 of opposite side is provided with background light source 12, and rotation platform 8 is arranged between video camera 11 and background light source 12.As shown in Figure 8, described rotation platform 8 is crosswise, and the outside of rotation platform 8 is provided with dihedral vane 21, and dihedral vane 21 is hinged with rotation platform 8, and hinged place is provided with ratchet.Because dihedral vane 21 and rotation platform 8 are hinged, therefore dihedral vane can freely rotate, and realizes the radial skew relative to rotation platform, and the angular range tilted is that-90 degree are adjustable to 90 degree.When needing to regulate drop to be applied to the size and Orientation of the normal pressure of sample surfaces, thus when detecting the axial on-load pressure of drop to the affecting of retention force, turn on ratchet, radial rotating dihedral vane is to desired angle of inclination, tighten ratchet again, then drop is placed in the sample surfaces be fixed on dihedral vane.
In instrument operational process, the transmission of signal is as Fig. 6: control of the present utility model is realized by a control circuit board 13.Control circuit board calculates the rotational speed of sample bench, acceleration and position of rotation according to the output pulse of rotary encoder.Control circuit board is connected with computer for controlling 18 by serial communication (RS232 or RS485) communication cable, and control circuit board is connected with motor by circuit.The travelling speed that instruction determination motor 4 is set that control circuit board 13 is sent by serial communication (RS232 or RS485) communication cable according to computer for controlling 18 and acceleration, and send video camera 11 at suitable swing offset place and to take pictures pulse, implement after sending pulse to send rotational speed, acceleration when taking pictures by serial communication (RS232 or RS485) communication cable to computer for controlling 18 at every turn.Computer for controlling real time record is taken pictures gained image, speed when taking pictures and acceleration.Finally complete the parameter measurement of whole instrument.
Above-mentioned measurement liquid is in the measuring method of the device of the advancing contact angle of solid surface, receding contact angle and retention force:
Testing sample surface (sample) is fixed on the correct position on rotation platform surface.Start the application program on computer for controlling, under realtime graphic state, regulate horizontal shifting platform and the position of vertical mobile platform, the luminous point of described background light source and sample surface location are on the horizontal optical axis of video camera and optical lens.Regulated the position of plane of rotor disc by application program, make location point specimen surface preparing place drop be in drop and observe position, namely this location point and the turning axle connecting line on rotation platform is just vertical with optical path axis, also referred to as trigger position.(liquid adopted here is water to produce the drop of a certain volume with a suitable liquid feeding unit (adopting Eppendorf micropipettor here) at this location point, volume is 5 μ l), and the position of recording residing for drop leaves the radial distance r (being 5cm) of rotation here.Horizontal shifting platform and the position of vertical mobile platform is regulated to make drop be in the appropriate location within the vision of video camera (if drop is that so this suitable start position generally should in the center-left position of image window toward the right slip under centrifugal action; Vice versa, see the Liquid particle image of Fig. 3.Focus and regulate the position of platform to make Liquid particle image clear.The radial distance r that suitable rotary acceleration and final angular velocity of rotation and droplet position leave rotation is inputted, the volume of drop and the density of liquid in the application program of computer for controlling.Start and rotate, the image simultaneously starting application program triggers and captures and memory function, and drop observes position through drop at every turn, and application program just captures that a width upgrades, current image and records angular velocity of rotation correspondingly simultaneously.If find Liquid particle image when rotated no longer as original so clear, represent that position and the drop capturing image observes position overlapping bad, now can by be arranged on the focus adjustment platform adjustment video camera below video camera focal length or by controller fine adjustments trigger delay or regain Liquid particle image clearly in advance.To the Liquid particle image that each width captures, application program carries out analysis and calculation immediately, determines that (Gu liquid/stream/-) three of drop two side contacts coordinate points and contact angle and the slip driving force caused by centrifugal force putting on drop of correspondence.Along with the increase of rotational speed, drop can be observed significantly start change of shape occurs: increase along with the increase of rotary centrifugal force when being positioned at initial apart from the contact angle (advancing contact angle) in rotation side far away (outside), meanwhile the contact angle (receding contact angle) of opposite side (inner side) then reduces gradually.When rotational speed be increased to a certain value above time, the side of drop starts to slide, and then opposite side slides, and whole drop slides subsequently, shifts out image viewing field range.Now can terminate the crawl of image, allow rotate simultaneously and slow down, until stop.
Fig. 3 gives several representational images of the drop side image captured in this process, the change that droplet profile and position are risen along with the increase of rotational speed can be found out, finally when rotational speed reaches certain value, generation is slided and leaves the field of view scope of video camera.
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 gives and carries out analysis and calculation to all Liquid particle image captured in this process and a part for the result obtained.What Fig. 3 showed is the contact angle that drop is positioned at distance rotation side far away (outside), is also advancing contact angle (θ
a) situation of change when progressively increasing corresponding to rotary centrifugal force, Gu and the liquid/stream of this side/-adjoint situation of change of three-phase line of contact position (3PCP-R).As can be seen from Figure 3, along with the increase of angular velocity of rotation ω, before reaching the value that in figure, A-line position is corresponding, 3PCP-R position remains unchanged substantially, and θ
athen constantly increase, reach a certain maximal value (being also so-called maximum advancing contact angle) always; After this can observe 3PCP-R position to slide laterally, this slip causes θ immediately
arapid reduction.But pick up a new delay position (pinningposition) outside drop after, 3PCP-R position remains constant again, and the contact angle of this side also restarts to increase along with the increase of ω, until the value that in figure, B-line position is corresponding.Thereafter again slide outside drop, thus cause contact angle to decline, until pick up a new delay position.In sizable region after this, droplet position and the contact angle of this side remain unchanged substantially, until the value that rotational speed is corresponding more than C-line position in figure.When rotational speed exceedes this critical value, this side of drop starts to occur to slide rapidly, and contact angle is also reduced to lower value.During beginning, the somewhat similar wriggling shape of the activity of drop, then slipped rapidly afterwards, left the visual field.
Fig. 5 show the drop opposite side corresponding with it (the distance nearlyer side/inner side of rotation) Gu contact angle and liquid/stream/-situation of change of three-phase line of contact position (3PCP-L).Different with outside above, the 3PCP-L position of inner side almost in whole process until slide rapidly occur before all remain trickle downtrending, represent that this side of drop constantly, fine spread out.And in this course the contact angle of this side also constantly but also between or jumping characteristic ground in reduction.In the region of B-and C-line in the drawings, contact angle then maintains a relatively stable numerical value substantially, and this numerical value can be considered (minimum) Receding Contact Angle value.When the value that C-line position during rotational speed is more than figure is corresponding, as described above, the outside of drop starts to occur to slide rapidly, and this contact angle also simultaneously causing this side declines rapidly.Its 3PCP-L position still maintains stable tendency when starting, and this position also raises followed by jumping characteristic after a while, represents that this side also starts quick sliding and leaves the visual field.
The overall critical angular velocity of rotation ω significantly slided occurs can determine drop from Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 should near 142.5 revs/min=14.922radian/sec.The quality of drop is m=5 μ l=510
-6kg, the radial distance r=5cm=0.05m of rotation is left in the position residing for drop.(critical) retention force RF of liquid at solid surface of this system can be calculated according to above mentioned formula (1)
cas follows:
(1)
(critical) acceleration a correspondingly
cfor:
(2)
This acceleration is equivalent to 1.14 g(acceleration of gravity).According to common tilting table method, the maximum slip driving force that drop can be subject to is self acceleration of gravity (when pitch angle is 90 degree), namely the acceleration of a g is equivalent to, can not slide for this system drop, so also cannot be used for measuring the retention force of such individual system.As can be seen from figure-3, angular velocity of rotation ω=40 when contact angle values outside drop reaches first mxm. rev/min=4.19radian/sec, this angular velocity is about equivalent to 0.1 g, that is can observe this maximal value by common tilting table method.But for the system that some contact angle values are lower, adopt common tilting table method cannot ensure to observe such maximal value, also just cannot be used for measuring the maximum Advancing Contact Angle value of these systems.
Embodiment 2: measure the advancing contact angle of liquid at solid surface, the device of receding contact angle and retention force, as shown in Figure 2, comprise base 1, mobile platform 2 is provided with in base 1, mobile platform 2 comprises the vertical mobile platform 16 be fixed on base 1, vertical mobile platform is provided with horizontal shifting platform 17, horizontal shifting platform 17 is provided with frame 3, frame 3 internal fixtion has motor 4, described motor 4 is stepper motor, motor 4 is connected with turning axle 6 through driving-belt 5, turning axle 6 is erected at frame 3 central authorities, blanking disc 14 is fixed with below turning axle 6, in frame 3, the correspondence position of blanking disc 14 is fixed with photoelectric sensor 15, send the pulse signal of circulation to control circuit board 13 in photoelectric sensor 15 rotation process, after control circuit board 13 receives the pulse signal of photoelectric sensor, trigger pip is sent to video camera, toggling camera is captured drop.And send the position of pulse signal for benchmark with photoelectric sensor, in conjunction with the moving displacement that stepper motor detects, controller postpones or sends trigger pip in advance, with regulate the sharpness of candids photograph Liquid particle image, thus improve the measuring accuracy at drop infiltration angle.Be provided with rotation platform 8 above turning axle 6, isocentric circular arc scale 20 be also carved with on the surface of rotation platform 8, can read on it certain a bit with the radial distance of main axis, rotation platform 8 is provided with compact heap 9; The both sides of described base 1 are provided with column 10, focus adjustment platform 19 on the column 10-1 of side, focus adjustment platform 19 is provided with the video camera 11 being equipped with optical lens, the column 10-2 of opposite side is provided with background light source 12, and rotation platform 8 is arranged between video camera 11 and background light source 12.Described rotation platform 8 is radial skew, and the angular range tilted is that-90 degree are adjustable to 90 degree, with the size and Orientation regulating drop to be applied to the normal pressure of sample surfaces, thus detects the axial on-load pressure of drop to the impact of retention force.
Claims (8)
1. measure the device of liquid at the advancing contact angle of solid surface, receding contact angle and retention force, it is characterized in that: comprise base (1), mobile platform (2) is provided with in base (1), mobile platform (2) top is provided with frame (3), motor (4) is provided with in frame (3), motor (4) is connected with turning axle (6) through driving-belt (5), turning axle (6) below is provided with location triggered switch (7), turning axle (6) top is provided with rotation platform (8), and rotation platform (8) is provided with compact heap (9); The both sides of described base (1) are provided with column (10), the column (10) of side is provided with video camera (11), the column (10) of opposite side is provided with background light source (12), and rotation platform (8) is arranged between video camera (11) camera lens and background light source (12); Described location triggered switch (7) is connected with control circuit board (13), and control circuit board (13) is connected with video camera (11).
2. measurement liquid according to claim 1 is at the device of the advancing contact angle of solid surface, receding contact angle and retention force, it is characterized in that: described location triggered switch (7) is for being fixed on the rotary encoder on turning axle (6), and rotary encoder is connected with control circuit board (13).
3. measurement liquid according to claim 1 is at the device of the advancing contact angle of solid surface, receding contact angle and retention force, it is characterized in that: described motor (4) is stepper motor, and described location triggered switch (7) comprises fixing blanking disc (14) on the rotary shaft, the correspondence position of blanking disc (14) is fixed with photoelectric sensor (15); Described photoelectric sensor (15) via line is connected with control circuit board (13).
4. the measurement liquid according to any one of claim 1-3 is at the device of the advancing contact angle of solid surface, receding contact angle and retention force, it is characterized in that: described mobile platform (2) comprises the vertical mobile platform (16) be fixed on base (1), vertical mobile platform (16) is provided with horizontal shifting platform (17), and frame (3) is arranged on horizontal shifting platform (17).
5. the measurement liquid according to any one of claim 1-3, at the device of the advancing contact angle of solid surface, receding contact angle and retention force, is characterized in that: described control circuit board (13) is connected with computer for controlling (18) through RS232 or RS485 communication cable.
6. the measurement liquid according to any one of claim 1-3, at the device of the advancing contact angle of solid surface, receding contact angle and retention force, is characterized in that: be also provided with focus adjustment platform (19) between described column (10) and video camera (11).
7. the measurement liquid according to any one of claim 1-3, at the device of the advancing contact angle of solid surface, receding contact angle and retention force, is characterized in that: described rotation platform (8) surface is provided with isocentric circular arc scale (20).
8. the measurement liquid according to any one of claim 1-3 is at the device of the advancing contact angle of solid surface, receding contact angle and retention force, it is characterized in that: described rotation platform (8) is crosswise, the outside of rotation platform (8) is provided with dihedral vane (21), dihedral vane (21) is hinged with rotation platform (8), and hinged place is provided with ratchet.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110411904A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-11-05 | 北京交通大学 | The measuring device of refrigerant working medium contact angle |
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| CN110411904A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-11-05 | 北京交通大学 | The measuring device of refrigerant working medium contact angle |
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