CN205191647U - Buggy or broken coal burning produce device that high temperature hyperoxia torch was igniteed - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a buggy or broken coal burning produce device that high temperature hyperoxia torch was igniteed, it includes plasma generator I, antechamber I, main burner, torch export I, an one -level section of thick bamboo, a second grade section of thick bamboo, a tertiary section of thick bamboo, wind channel of antechamber and antechamber secondary air duct, wind channel other end of antechamber is connected with main burner's a tuber pipe, be connected with the antechamber secondary air duct in the antechamber I, the antechamber secondary air duct is equipped with the elbow before getting into antechamber I, torch export I is connected on I upper portion of antechamber, the right -hand member of torch export I inserts in the one -level section of thick bamboo, the right -hand member of an one -level section of thick bamboo inserts in the second grade section of thick bamboo, the right -hand member of a second grade section of thick bamboo inserts in the tertiary section of thick bamboo, in emboliaing the next stage through nested mode one -level, the exit end of the tertiary section of thick bamboo of last one -level can flush by the inside inclusive AND main burner spout of retraction main burner spout, or outstanding main burner spout stretches into furnace. Can realize that pulverized coal boiler does not have the oil drop fire and the circulating fluidized bed boiler does not have the oil drop fire, the low -load surely fires and low -nitrogen combustion.

Description

Coal dust or broken coal burning produce the device of high temperature hyperoxia torch ignition

Technical field

The utility model relates to the device of a kind of coal-burning boiler igniter, particularly a kind of coal dust or broken coal burning generation high temperature hyperoxia torch ignition.

Background technology

Plasma ignition and few-oil ignition technical application novel before, all kinds of precombustion-chamber ignition technology was once widely used in coal-powder boiler igniting and steady combustion, and precombustion-chamber ignition technology exists two major technique defects: 1, precombustion chamber coking; 2, precombustion chamber volume is too huge, causes perforate on boiler water wall excessive.So precombustion-chamber ignition technology almost passes into silence under the impact of plasma ignition and few-oil ignition technology, but remained widely based on the Steady Burning Technique of Low Load of precombustion chamber technological accumulation.

At present, the method of pulverized-coal fired boiler precombustion-chamber ignition mainly contains two kinds: one is sprayed in precombustion chamber by coal dust to burn, first with oil, precombustion chamber is heated before coal dust sprays into, spray into again after being heated to uniform temperature and dust, coal dust transmits the heat that comes and reaches ignition point postignition absorbing combustion chamber, now can oil-break smooth combustion; Another kind adds in fluid bed or fixed grate combustion chamber by the lump coal of suitable size and appropriate air, lump coal first heats combustion chamber with oil before addition, the lump coal of suitable size and appropriate air is added again after being heated to uniform temperature, coal reaches ignition point after-combustion at the heat that absorption combustion chamber passes over and produces high-temperature flue gas, spray into burner hearth after high-temperature flue gas feeding burner mixes with main fuel to burn, the precombustion chamber of above two kinds of ignition methods is named again " Muffle furnace " in early days.

These two kinds of methods are simple above, but all there is the problem of the easy coking of longtime running and the excessive problem of precombustion chamber volume, and this brings difficulty for engineer applied, but nonetheless, these above two kinds of methods were also once widely used.

Chinese patent ZL200510011811.2 discloses a kind of method that coal dust direct combustion for pulverized-coal fired boiler provides high temperature air, propose the method utilizing adiabatic recirculating fluidized bed to produce heat smoke, realize the possibility of pulverized-coal fired boiler fuel-economizing igniting, how coal-fired hot-blast stove is also widely applied in dry, steel-making, cement industry, but is combined with pulverized-coal fired boiler for hot blast and not yet has concrete exercisable way.

Although the Plasma Firing Technology of pulverized-coal fired boiler is widely used; but plasma generator is continuous operation always during low-load combustion-stabilizing and ignition trigger and 168; electrode life is shorter, when plasma generator because of electrode life the limit, leak, electric fault current interruption time coal pulverizer usually can be caused to stop mill and the problem such as furnace puff.Occurred that plasma current interruption still can the phenomenon of continuous burning although of short duration in plasma ignition step, but this is an of short duration Unsteady State, numerous engineers and technicians can remove plasma heat source after finding a kind of igniting always and burn and continue stable method.In pulverized-coal fired boiler plasma ignition and few-oil ignition process heavy dependence flame step by step amplification principle realize small-power incendiary source and light a large amount of coal dust, under the condition that typical coal burner is horizontally disposed, the flow velocity of First air in burner is up to 18 ~ 35m/s, wind speed has the possibility of deposition plugging lower than 18m/s, and coal dust is only less than 0.1 second ignition time in burner; And if adopt in fluid bed and generally large particle in coal-powder boiler, the comparable coal-powder boiler of flow velocity is low 10 times, average airspeed only about 3 ~ 5m/s in fluid bed, and owing to being subject to Action of Gravity Field, the particle do not caught fire realizes stove Inner eycle in a large number together with flue gas.In addition, current main burner fuel-economizing igniting generally employs flame amplification principle step by step, but combustion cylinder is limited in main burner inside always, not yet finds that there is combustion cylinder and gives prominence to the burner that outside the utilization of main burner spout, furnace high-temperature classification is ignited.

In addition, the flame that current plasma ignition and few-oil ignition rely on step by step amplification principle can only be applied in sky butt fugitive constituent and is greater than in the coal of 18%, the meager coal that fugitive constituent is lower, the reason that anthracite cannot apply plasma ignition to apply flame amplification principle step by step, reason has three, the reactivity of coal is low, fugitive constituent ignition heat quantity not sufficient reaches this one of ignition temperature to support coal dust, due to boiler powder feeding design meager coal, anthracitic primary air ratio lower than 20% time, amount of oxygen is also not enough to support coal dust and reaches ignition temperature this its two, 3rd is because coal dust speed is high, burning velocity is low, the time of staying is not enough.

For CFBB, firing technique experienced by oil gun startup, ignition under bed in-duct burner on fixed bed startup, bed and starts, and also has from contiguous boiler by means of red slag ignition trigger.Compared with coal-powder boiler, although CFBB igniting does not have picture coal-powder boiler to adopt advanced multistep ignition technology, recirculating fluidized bed oil consumption is inherently few, and minimum steady combustion load can be low to moderate 25%, and therefore, it is less that recirculating fluidized bed single starts fuel consumption; Circulating fluidized bed technique is also immature compared with coal-powder boiler on the other hand, fluidized-bed combustion boiler maintenance more than coal-powder boiler about 3 times of the number of starts.

The present general supporting ignition under bed oil gun formula in-duct burner of fluid bed is heated, and coal-powder boiler then adopts torch oil gun formula in-duct burner to heat before coal pulverizer inlet or steam warming machine heats to meet the needs of coal pulverizer at Initial Stage after Ignition.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is the device that a kind of coal dust or broken coal burning will be provided to produce high temperature hyperoxia torch ignition, solves the easy coking of current coal-fired precombustion chamber and the excessive problem of precombustion chamber volume.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that

The device that coal dust or broken coal burning produce high temperature hyperoxia torch ignition comprises: plasma generator I, precombustion chamber I, main burner, torch outlet I, one-level cylinder, secondary cylinder, three grades of cylinders, precombustion chamber air channel and precombustion chamber secondary air ducts;

The bottom of precombustion chamber I is contraction mouth, precombustion chamber air channel is connected by contraction mouth, precombustion chamber air channel other end is connected with the primary air piping of main burner, precombustion chamber I is connected with precombustion chamber secondary air duct, precombustion chamber secondary air duct is provided with elbow before entering precombustion chamber I, secondary air duct has centre bore in elbow, plasma generator I is inserted in centre bore, precombustion chamber I top connects torch outlet I, torch outlet I is little compared with one-level cylinder, the right-hand member of torch outlet I inserts in one-level cylinder, one-level cylinder is little compared with secondary cylinder, the right-hand member of one-level cylinder inserts in secondary cylinder, secondary cylinder is little compared with three grades of cylinders, the right-hand member of secondary cylinder inserts in three grades of cylinders, one-level cylinder, secondary cylinder, three grades of cylinders are the pipe of two end openings respectively, be inserted in next stage by nested mode one-level, last one deck is main burner, wherein three grades of cylinders of afterbody port of export energy retraction main burner spout internal or flush with main burner spout, or outstanding main burner spout stretches into burner hearth, the length stretching into burner hearth is 10 ~ 400mm.

Described precombustion chamber is vertical fluidized bed or air flow bed, upright installation or installation of tilting; In described fluid bed or air flow bed, cold conditions apparent velocity is 2 ~ 10m/s.

Described precombustion chamber is connected with overfiren air port, is provided with igniter in overfiren air port, igniter is plasma generator, oil gun, air gun, electrically heated rod or torch.

Described precombustion chamber is outside at main burner, precombustion chamber combustion temperature 700 ~ 1000 DEG C, employing dry ash extraction or not deslagging.

Described plasma generator or igniter are arranged in secondary air duct, be clean wind, do not have the fuel such as coal dust in secondary air duct, need not purge wind when inactive; Or plasma generator or igniter are arranged in an air channel.

Three grades of described cylinders are afterbodies, and it can be any one-level of 1 ~ 5 grade that flame amplifies step by step, and the outlet of afterbody cylinder is given prominence to main burner spout and stretched into burner hearth, and the length stretching into burner hearth is 10 ~ 400mm.

Beneficial effect, owing to have employed such scheme, burning is incomplete in precombustion chamber for fuel of the present utility model, still in combustion, in precombustion chamber outlet for just at vigorous burning fire torch but not high-temperature flue gas, because fire extinguishing temperature is more general than ignition temperature high 200 DEG C, catch fire more stable, apparent volume heat load is larger, the volume of precombustion chamber is little, the task of the coal combustion that only assume responsibility for after-flame about 50% due to this precombustion chamber on the one hand, burn-off rate is only 10% magnitude of complete burning time in the burning time of about 50%, the utility model have employed precombustion chamber outlet and sprays into one-level cylinder on the other hand, secondary cylinder has been sprayed into again after the cold First air being mixed with the another part in burner in one-level cylinder catches fire, by flame step by step amplification principle light a fire, combusted proportion between general level is 1:3:9:20, common three grades are amplified precombustion chamber and only assume responsibility for 3 ~ 5% of total fuel quantity, precombustion chamber volume is only about 1% of prior art, there is significant practicality.

When main burner spout given prominence to by afterbody cylinder, be subject to heat exchange in stove from afterbody First air, first temperature rises and is conducive to low-load combustion-stabilizing, even if also have low-load combustion-stabilizing function when plasma generator, oil gun etc. do not put into operation.

Advantage is:

1. precombustion chamber is simple and reliable, can long-play and coking does not occur;

2. after igniting is stable, external heat source such as plasma or oil gun can be out of service, rely on the smooth combustion of precombustion chamber energy;

3. fuel catches fire at burner internal classification, can form reducing atmosphere, be equivalent to the effect of flue gas recirculation, decrease the generation of oxynitrides in coal dust step by step combustion process;

4. precombustion chamber of the present utility model can enter coal to fluidized-bed combustion boiler directly continuously, reaches the object of similar red slag igniting; Also in precombustion chamber, a large amount of red slag can be stored with the form of fluidisation or fixed bed, become half air flow bed when increasing air-flow velocity and red slag is sent in large-scale fluidized bed burner hearth.Coordinate when plasma generator, electrically heated rod and be easy to, in the object of recirculating fluidized bed power plant realization without oily power plant, adopt the broken coal of 0 ~ 10mm, do not need to the coal pulverizer of the independent match grinding coal dust of recirculating fluidized bed power plant.

5. the utility model plasma ignition used power is very little only has 50 ~ 100KW, the work of plasma generator single can be stopped using for 1 hour, even if the plasma electrode life-span only has 100 hours also enough to start 50 ~ 100 times, due to plasma only short-term operation and work time a large amount of subsidiary engine load lower, do not need increase transformer capacity.

6. for coal-powder boiler because precombustion chamber is outside at main burner, can solve to damage once precombustion chamber by Flange joint and need repairing, the problem that main burner still can work on.

7. can adapt to the very low meager coal of fugitive constituent, anthracite.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation that specific implementation of the present utility model applied by pulverized-coal fired boiler.

Fig. 2 is the structural representation that CFBB applies specific implementation of the present utility model.

In figure: 1, plasma generator I; 2, precombustion chamber I; 3, main burner; 4, torch outlet I; 5, one-level cylinder; 6, secondary cylinder; 7, three grades of cylinders; 8, precombustion chamber air channel; 9, precombustion chamber secondary air duct; 10, coal spout; 11, plasma generator II; 12, precombustion chamber II; 13, torch outlet II; 14, blast cap; 15, air inlet.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, an embodiment of the present utility model is further described:

The utility model coal dust or broken coal burning produce the device of high temperature hyperoxia torch ignition, form primarily of plasma generator I 1, precombustion chamber I 2, main burner 3, torch outlet I 4, one-level cylinder 5, secondary cylinder 6, three grades of cylinders 7, precombustion chamber air channel 8 and precombustion chamber secondary air duct 9;

The bottom of described precombustion chamber I 2 is contraction mouth, precombustion chamber air channel 8 is connected by contraction mouth, precombustion chamber air channel 8 other end is connected with the primary air piping of main burner 3, precombustion chamber I 2 is connected with precombustion chamber secondary air duct 9, precombustion chamber secondary air duct 9 is provided with elbow before entering precombustion chamber I 2, secondary air duct has centre bore in elbow, plasma generator I 1 is inserted in centre bore, precombustion chamber I 2 top connects torch outlet I 4, torch outlet I 4 is little compared with one-level cylinder 5, the right-hand member of torch outlet I 4 inserts in one-level cylinder 5, one-level cylinder 5 is little compared with secondary cylinder 6, the right-hand member of one-level cylinder 5 inserts in secondary cylinder 6, secondary cylinder 6 is little compared with three grades of cylinders 7, the right-hand member of secondary cylinder 6 inserts in three grades of cylinders 7, one-level cylinder 5, secondary cylinder 6, three grades of cylinders 7 are the pipe of two end openings respectively, be inserted in next stage by nested mode one-level, last one deck is main burner 3, wherein the port of export of three grades of cylinders 7 of afterbody namely can retraction main burner spout internal or flush with main burner spout and also can give prominence to main burner spout and stretch into burner hearth, the length stretching into burner hearth is 10 ~ 400mm.

Described precombustion chamber is vertical fluidized bed or air flow bed, upright installation or installation of tilting; In described fluid bed or air flow bed, cold conditions apparent velocity is 2 ~ 10m/s.

Described precombustion chamber is connected with overfiren air port, is provided with igniter in overfiren air port, igniter is plasma generator, oil gun, air gun, electrically heated rod or torch.

Described precombustion chamber is outside at main burner, precombustion chamber combustion temperature <1100 DEG C, employing dry ash extraction or not deslagging.

After in described precombustion chamber, igniter is stopped using, precombustion chamber can continue smooth combustion.

Described plasma generator or igniter are arranged in secondary air duct, be clean wind, do not have the fuel such as coal dust in secondary air duct, need not purge wind when inactive; Or plasma generator or igniter are arranged in an air channel.

Three grades of described cylinders 7 are afterbodies, and it can be any one-level of 1 ~ 5 grade that flame amplifies step by step, and the outlet of three grades of cylinders 7 is given prominence to main burner spout and stretched into burner hearth, and the length stretching into burner hearth is 10 ~ 400mm.

Below in conjunction with the embodiment in accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described:

Embodiment 1: as shown in Figure 1, device of the present utility model comprises: plasma generator I 1, precombustion chamber I 2, main burner 3, torch outlet I 4, one-level cylinder 5, secondary cylinder 6, three grades of cylinders 7, precombustion chamber air channel 8, precombustion chamber secondary air duct 9.

The bottom of precombustion chamber I 2 is contraction mouth, precombustion chamber air channel 8 is connected by contraction mouth, precombustion chamber air channel 8 other end is connected with the primary air piping of main burner 3, precombustion chamber I 2 is connected with precombustion chamber secondary air duct 9, precombustion chamber secondary air duct 9 is provided with elbow before entering precombustion chamber I 2, elbow has hole, plasma generator I 1 is inserted in hole, precombustion chamber I 2 top connects torch outlet I 4, torch outlet I 4 is little compared with one-level cylinder 5, the right-hand member of torch outlet I 4 inserts in one-level cylinder 5, one-level cylinder 5 is little compared with secondary cylinder 6, the right-hand member of one-level cylinder 5 inserts in secondary cylinder 6, secondary cylinder 6 is little compared with three grades of cylinders 7, the right-hand member of secondary cylinder 6 inserts in three grades of cylinders 7, one-level cylinder 5, secondary cylinder 6, three grades of cylinders 7 are the pipe of two end openings respectively, be inserted in next stage by nested mode one-level, last one deck is main burner 3, wherein the port of export of three grades of cylinders 7 of afterbody namely can retraction main burner spout internal or flush with main burner spout and also can give prominence to main burner spout and stretch into burner hearth, the length stretching into burner hearth is generally 10 ~ 400mm.

Its course of work: after precombustion chamber I 2 inner chamber heats by plasma generator I 1, First air enters into precombustion chamber I 2 from precombustion chamber air channel 8, the ejection from torch outlet I 4 of torch after catching fire, the combustion-supporting Secondary Air that burns enters precombustion chamber I 2 combustion-supporting from precombustion chamber secondary air duct 9; The temperature that equivalent excess air coefficient α ' >1.3 in precombustion chamber I 2 controls torch outlet I 4 is controlled by the Secondary Air controlling to pass into, while ensureing to continue to produce high temperature torch, slagging prevention.In precombustion chamber I 2, apparent fluidizing velocity is generally 2 ~ 10m/s when cold conditions, and in precombustion chamber I 2, temperature is generally between 700 ~ 1100 DEG C, and optimizing temperature is 950 DEG C.Primary air flow and secondary air flow can be progressively strengthened after precombustion chamber I 2 stable ignition, the coal grain caught fire is blown in the one-level cylinder 5 in main burner 3, a part of First air simultaneously in main burner 3 enters from the outside of torch outlet I 4 and exports I 4 torches caught fire sprayed into torch in one-level cylinder 5 and mix and catch fire, secondary cylinder 6 is sprayed into after catching fire, a part of First air simultaneously in main burner 3 enters secondary cylinder 6 and mixes and catch fire outside one-level cylinder 5, three grades of cylinders 7 are sprayed into after catching fire, a part of First air simultaneously in main burner 3 enters three grades of cylinders 7 and mixes and spray into burner hearth from the spout of main burner 3 after catching fire outside secondary cylinder 6, residue First air outside three grades of cylinders 7 also sprays into burner hearth from the spout of main burner 3, the course of work of this i.e. flame amplification principle step by step.

Coal dust or broken coal is added at equivalent excess air coefficient α ' >1.3 or oxygen content >6% in precombustion chamber, ensure precombustion chamber internal oxidition atmosphere by controlling excess air coefficient and control precombustion chamber temperature, avoiding precombustion chamber coking; The high temperature hyperoxia torch of precombustion chamber outlet sprays into and catches fire main burner single-stage combustion indoor mixing with one-level coal dust, enters in secondary combustion chamber to mix with secondary coal dust and catch fire after catching fire, by flame step by step amplification principle carry out multistep ignition.

Embodiment 2: as shown in Figure 2, precombustion chamber II 12 is insulated combustion chambers, is generally arranged vertically, its underpart is connected with blast cap 14, blast cap 14 bottom connects air inlet 15, connects coal spout 10 in the middle part of precombustion chamber II 12, and precombustion chamber II 12 top connects torch outlet II 13.

Its course of work: after precombustion chamber II 12 inner chamber heats by plasma generator II 11, broken coal is added in precombustion chamber II 12 from coal spout 10, flue gas after catching fire from torch outlet II 13 ejection, burn combustion-supporting air from air inlet 15 by blast cap 14 enter precombustion chamber by broken coal blow out fluidization carry out fluidized bed combustion; The temperature of torch outlet II 13 is controlled by equivalent excess air coefficient α ' the >1.3 controlling the air passed into, while ensureing to continue to produce high temperature torch, slagging prevention, in precombustion chamber II 12, apparent fluidisation hastens to be generally 2 ~ 10m/s when cold conditions, in precombustion chamber II 12, temperature is generally between 700 ~ 1100 DEG C, optimizing temperature is 950 DEG C, can progressively strengthen coal-supplying amount and air quantity after precombustion chamber II 12 stable ignition, the coal grain caught fire is blown in large circulating fluidized bed boiler.

Claims (5)

1. a coal dust or broken coal burning produce the device of high temperature hyperoxia torch ignition, it is characterized in that, it comprises plasma generator I (1), precombustion chamber I (2), main burner (3), torch outlet I (4), one-level cylinder (5), secondary cylinder (6), three grades of cylinders (7), precombustion chamber air channel (8) and precombustion chamber secondary air ducts (9);

The bottom of described precombustion chamber I (2) is contraction mouth, precombustion chamber air channel (8) is connected by contraction mouth, precombustion chamber air channel (8) other end is connected with the primary air piping of main burner (3), precombustion chamber I (2) is connected with precombustion chamber secondary air duct (9), precombustion chamber I (2) is front is provided with elbow to precombustion chamber secondary air duct (9) entering, secondary air duct has centre bore in elbow, plasma generator I (1) is inserted in centre bore, precombustion chamber I (2) top connects torch outlet I (4), comparatively one-level cylinder (5) is little in torch outlet I (4), the right-hand member of torch outlet I (4) inserts in one-level cylinder (5), one-level cylinder (5) comparatively secondary cylinder (6) is little, the right-hand member of one-level cylinder (5) inserts in secondary cylinder (6), comparatively three grades of cylinders (7) are little for secondary cylinder (6), the right-hand member of secondary cylinder (6) inserts in three grades of cylinders (7), one-level cylinder (5), secondary cylinder (6), three grades of cylinders (7) are the pipe of two end openings respectively, be inserted in next stage by nested mode one-level, last one deck is main burner (3), wherein the port of export deflation of three grades of cylinders (7) of afterbody is become owner of burner nozzle inside or is flushed with main burner spout, or outstanding main burner spout stretches into burner hearth, the length stretching into burner hearth is 10 ~ 400mm.

2. a kind of coal dust according to claim 1 or broken coal burning produce the device of high temperature hyperoxia torch ignition, it is characterized in that: described precombustion chamber is vertical fluidized bed or air flow bed, and in described fluid bed or air flow bed, cold conditions apparent velocity is 2 ~ 10m/s.

3. a kind of coal dust according to claim 1 or broken coal burning produce the device of high temperature hyperoxia torch ignition, it is characterized in that: described precombustion chamber I (2) is connected with overfiren air port, be provided with igniter in overfiren air port, igniter is plasma generator, oil gun, air gun, electrically heated rod or torch.

4. a kind of coal dust according to claim 1 or broken coal burning produce the device of high temperature hyperoxia torch ignition, it is characterized in that: described precombustion chamber I (2) is outside at main burner, 700 DEG C of < precombustion chamber combustion temperature <1100 DEG C, employing dry ash extraction or not deslagging.

5. a kind of coal dust according to claim 1 or broken coal burning produce the device of high temperature hyperoxia torch ignition, it is characterized in that: three grades of described cylinders (7) are afterbody cylinders, the outlet of afterbody cylinder is given prominence to main burner spout and is stretched into burner hearth, and the length stretching into burner hearth is 10 ~ 400mm.