CN205178581U - Lithium ion power batteries management system - Google Patents
Lithium ion power batteries management system Download PDFInfo
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- CN205178581U CN205178581U CN201520969982.5U CN201520969982U CN205178581U CN 205178581 U CN205178581 U CN 205178581U CN 201520969982 U CN201520969982 U CN 201520969982U CN 205178581 U CN205178581 U CN 205178581U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The utility model provides a lithium ion power batteries management system. This lithium ion power batteries management system includes singlechip and the SOC detection module, voltage detection module, equalizer circuit module, temperature sensor, temp. Control module, display and the power module that meet with the singlechip. The residual charge volume of battery can be detected through SOC detection module to battery power in time charges when being not enough, can detect battery cell's voltage through voltage testing, the equalizer circuit module can be adjusted battery voltage to the voltage that makes all batteries keeps unanimous, temp. Control module can refrigerate or heat the action the battery under the instruction of singlechip. Adopt the utility model discloses can carry out security monitoring and the effective management of to lithium ion power batteries to improve the availability factor of battery, further improve the reliability of battery, prolong its life.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of battery management system, specifically a kind of lithium-ion-power cell management system.
Background technology
Having the pure electric automobile of low noise, zero discharge and the advantage such as energy-conservation, is the trend of development of automobile industry.Owing to being subject to the impact of present battery ontology, the vehicle-mounted energy of pure electric automobile is limited, and its distance travelled does not far reach the level of fuel vehicle, and outstanding EMS control strategy, this bottleneck problem can be solved to a certain extent.Control strategy main at present has two kinds: one to be reduce car load energy utilization rate method, and a reservation vehicle travels required high-voltage load, and limited power is all assigned to drive system; Two is improve battery availability factor method, and it is controlled battery in high-effect interval by the use of heat management system always.For method one, although can save the power consumption in driving conditions to the full extent, owing to lacking battery thermal management system, long high temperature can accelerate the aging of battery, thus affects the economic performance of car load.For method two, the most frequently used is Threshold Control Method method, although its control strategy simple and stable, because control law is fixed, not optimally solves power distribution problems, thus affects the power performance of car load.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is just to provide a kind of lithium-ion-power cell management system, this system can carry out security monitoring and effectively management to lithium-ion-power cell, thus improve the service efficiency of battery, improve the reliability of battery further, extend its useful life.
The utility model is achieved in that a kind of lithium-ion-power cell management system, comprising:
SOC detection module, connects with single-chip microcomputer, for detecting the residual charge amount of lithium-ion-power cell;
Voltage detection module, connects with single-chip microcomputer, for detecting the voltage of each single battery in lithium-ion-power cell, and detected voltage is sent to single-chip microcomputer;
Equalizing circuit module, connects with single-chip microcomputer, under the control of single-chip microcomputer, in lithium-ion-power cell certain single battery voltage and other cell voltages inconsistent time, to the voltage adjustment of this single battery, all cell voltages are consistent;
Temperature sensor, connects with single-chip microcomputer, for gathering the temperature of lithium-ion-power cell, and collected temperature is sent to single-chip microcomputer;
Temperature control module, connects with single-chip microcomputer, under the control of single-chip microcomputer, freezes or heating operation to lithium-ion-power cell;
Single-chip microcomputer, connect with described SOC detection module, described voltage detection module, described equalizing circuit module, described temperature sensor, described temperature control module and display respectively, for receiving the relevant parameter signal of detected lithium-ion-power cell and sending corresponding control command;
Display, connects with described single-chip microcomputer, for showing the relevant parameter of detected lithium-ion-power cell; And
Power module, for providing the operating voltage of+5V for described SOC detection module, described voltage detection module, described temperature control module and described single-chip microcomputer.
Described power module comprises three terminal integrated voltage stabilizer, and the input of described pressurizer connects external power source, and the output of described pressurizer exports the burning voltage of+5V, the earth terminal earth connection of described pressurizer; Between the input and its earth terminal of described pressurizer, be connected to two filter capacitors parallel with one another, between the output and its earth terminal of described pressurizer, be also connected to two filter capacitors parallel with one another.
The voltage of the external power source that the input of described pressurizer connects is 7.2V ~ 35V.
Described SOC detection module comprises CS5460A chip, forward voltage input and its reverse voltage input of described CS5460A chip connect with the two ends of series battery in lithium-ion-power cell respectively after bleeder circuit, and forward current input and its reverse current input of described CS5460A chip connect with the output main line of series battery in lithium-ion-power cell through shunt; Serial data input and its serial data output terminal of described CS5460A chip all connect with described single-chip microcomputer; The crystal oscillator of 4.096MHz is connected between the crystal oscillator input and its crystal oscillator output of described CS5460A chip.
The concrete structure of described voltage detection module is: be connected to a logic switch at the two ends of each single battery of lithium-ion-power cell, two inputs of differential amplifier received respectively by two logic switches at each battery two ends, the output of described differential amplifier connects with single-chip microcomputer after analog to digital converter, described differential amplifier is for gathering the analog voltage signal at single battery two ends, and the analog voltage signal collected is converted to after digital voltage signal through analog to digital converter and is sent to single-chip microcomputer.
All logic switches connect a differential amplifier altogether; All logic switches form a switch matrix, and described switch matrix comprises some SN54ALS138 decoders and some AQW214-DIP8 photoelectrical couplers; The address end of described decoder connects with described single-chip microcomputer, for receiving the binary signal that described single-chip microcomputer sends; The control end of described decoder connects with described single-chip microcomputer, for receiving the control command that described single-chip microcomputer sends; The output of described decoder connects with the negative input of described photoelectrical coupler, and the electrode input end of described photoelectrical coupler connects the power supply of+5V; The cathode output end of described photoelectrical coupler connects with the two ends of single battery, and the cathode output end of described photoelectrical coupler connects with two inputs of described differential amplifier.
Be connected to have between the output and the negative input of described photoelectrical coupler of described decoder and indicate and the diode of protective effect, the negative pole of described diode connects with the output of described decoder; Current-limiting resistance is connected between the electrode input end and the power supply of+5V of described photoelectrical coupler.
Described equalizing circuit module comprises some and each in lithium-ion-power cell single battery resistance in parallel, and the branch road at each resistance place is provided with a control switch; All control switchs all connect with described single-chip microcomputer, and under the control of described single-chip microcomputer, described control switch can close or disconnect.
Described temperature control module comprises two triodes, two relays and heater and refrigerating plant; The base stage of two triodes connects with single-chip microcomputer respectively, the equal earth connection of emitter of two triodes, and the collector electrode of two triodes connects with described heater and described refrigerating plant respectively each via a relay.
Described single-chip microcomputer is ATmega16 single-chip microcomputer.
The utility model, under the control of single-chip microcomputer, can be detected the residual charge amount of lithium-ion-power cell by SOC detection module, can charge to lithium-ion-power cell in time when battery electric quantity is not enough; Voltage detection module can detect the voltage of single battery, and equalizing circuit module when the voltage of the voltage of certain single battery and other batteries is inconsistent, can adjusts the voltage of this single battery, be consistent to make the voltage of all batteries; Gathered the temperature of lithium-ion-power cell by temperature sensor (multiple temperature sensor can be arranged, detect to realize multi-point temp), and by temperature control module, lithium-ion-power cell is dispelled the heat or heating operation; Display can show the relevant parameter of battery (total voltage, electric current, single battery voltage, temperature, SOC value etc.), is convenient for people to check, and can modifies to each Protection parameters; Also can alarm module be set, when there are abnormal (as single battery voltage status exception, temperature overtemperature etc.) in a certain parameter of battery can and alarm, alarm signal also can show over the display.
The utility model can gather the total voltage, monomer voltage, SOC, electric current, temperature etc. of lithium-ion-power cell, can realize the parameter display to lithium-ion-power cell, Balance route, heat management, charge and discharge protecting (overcharge, cross put, overcurrent, short circuit and temperature protection) and sampled data storage etc.Communication transmission interface between the utility model and vehicle is CAN interface, and by USB flash disk by the statistical conversion in single-chip microcomputer, also scalable program, simple and efficient to handle.In addition, the utility model also has waterproof and dustproof, shockproof and good anti-electromagnetic interference capability.Adopt the utility model can carry out security monitoring and effectively management to lithium-ion-power cell, to improve the service efficiency of battery, improve the reliability of battery further, extend its useful life.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structured flowchart of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is the external pin winding diagram of single-chip microcomputer in the utility model.
Fig. 3 is the circuit design drawing of the input reference power source of single-chip microcomputer in the utility model.
Fig. 4 is the electrical block diagram of SOC detection module in the utility model.
Fig. 5 is the overall structure schematic diagram of voltage detection module in the utility model.
Fig. 6 is the electrical block diagram of 3 SN54ALS138 decoders in the utility model.
Fig. 7 is the electrical block diagram of 11 AQW214-DIP8 optocouplers in the utility model.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of equalizing circuit module in the utility model.
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of temperature control module in the utility model.
Figure 10 is the structural representation of power module in the utility model.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the utility model comprises single-chip microcomputer 1, SOC detection module 2, voltage detection module 3, equalizing circuit module 4, temperature sensor 5, temperature control module 6, display 7 and power module 8.
Single-chip microcomputer 1 connects with SOC detection module 2, voltage detection module 3, equalizing circuit module 4, temperature sensor 5, temperature control module 6, display 7 and power module 8 respectively, for receiving the relevant parameter signal of detected lithium-ion-power cell and sending corresponding control command.Power module 8 connects with single-chip microcomputer 1, temperature control module 6, SOC detection module 2 and voltage detection module 3 respectively, for providing the operating voltage of stable+5V.SOC detection module 2 is for detecting the residual charge amount (SOC, namely the abbreviation of StateOfCharge, refers to charged state, also known as residual capacity, represents the ability that battery works on) of lithium-ion-power cell.Detected voltage for detecting the voltage of each single battery in lithium-ion-power cell, and is sent to single-chip microcomputer 1 by voltage detection module 3.Equalizing circuit module 4 under the control of single-chip microcomputer 1, in lithium-ion-power cell certain single battery voltage and other cell voltages inconsistent time, to the voltage adjustment of this single battery, all cell voltages are consistent.Collected temperature for gathering the temperature of lithium-ion-power cell, and is sent to single-chip microcomputer 1 by temperature sensor 5; Single-chip microcomputer 1 controls the action of temperature control module 6 according to the temperature information received, and implements heat radiation or heating operation by temperature control module 6 pairs of lithium-ion-power cells.Display 7 is for showing the relevant parameter of detected lithium-ion-power cell.
Concrete structure and operation principle and the course of work etc. of each module in the utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with physical circuit figure.
As shown in Figure 2, the single-chip microcomputer 1 in the utility model is ATmega16 single-chip microcomputer.ATmega16 single-chip microcomputer is 8 AVR microprocessors of high-performance, low-power consumption, has advanced risc architecture.44 pin wiring of single-chip microcomputer outside have been shown in Fig. 2.Pin 1(PB5), 2(PB6) connect decoder (see Fig. 6, belong to a part for voltage detection module), pin 3(CS5460A-RST) connect CS5460A chip (see Fig. 4, belong to a part for SOC detection module) reset terminal, pin 4(RST, reset terminal) through resistance R5(10K) power supply (being provided by power module) of+5V is provided, pin 5(VCC, power end) connect the power supply of+5V, pin 6(GND, earth terminal) earth connection.Pin 7 and 8 is respectively through electric capacity C3(22pF) and electric capacity C4(22pF) after earth connection, connect crystal oscillator X1(4MHz between pin 7 and 8).Pin 9 and 10 is to burn program.Pin 11 can through interface S1(CON2) connect external circuit, to give an interrupt signal, between 1,2 pin of interface S1, connect filter capacitor C5(0.1 μ F), and 2 pin earth connections; Pin 11 also draws page end, and page end is through resistance R1(10K) connect the power supply of+5V.Pin 12 and 13 is connected CS5460A-SDI end (serial data input) and CS5460A-SDO end (serial data output terminal) of CS5460A chip (see figure 4) respectively, pin 14 connects CS5460A-SCLK end (transmit data rate end) of CS5460A chip, pin 15 connects CS5460A-INT end (the middle broken ends of fractured bone) of CS5460A chip, the CS5460A-EDIR that pin 16 connects CS5460A chip holds (energy position indication end, i.e. this charging or this electric discharge), pin 17 connects the power supply of+5V, pin 18 earth connection, pin 19 and 20 is unsettled herein, pin 21 is clock end, pin 22 is that dormancy (is selected in selecting side, power down, normal or at a high speed etc.).Pin 23 and 24 is used as test display, pin 25(PC6) and pin 26(PC7) connect with temperature control module, pin 27 connects the power supply of+5V, pin 28 earth connection, pin 29 connects reference voltage end (AREF is shown in Fig. 3), and pin 32 and 33 connects display, pin 41 ~ 44 connects decoder respectively, sees Fig. 6.
The pin 29 of single-chip microcomputer connect the voltage that reference voltage end has+5V, should the voltage of+5V provide by inputting reference power source.As shown in Figure 3, the input reference power source of single-chip microcomputer is constant voltage (+5V) reference power source, in Fig. 3, TL431-TO92 is high stable triode, 2 pin earth connections of triode, 3 pin of triode are through pull-up resistor R32(1K) after connect with the power supply (power supply of+12V can be provided by vehicle) of+12V, two branch roads in parallel are connected between 1 pin and 3 pin, one of them branch road is connected to current-limiting resistance R51(10K), series connection current limiting resistance R22(10K on another branch road) and filter capacitor C11(0.1 μ F), 3 pin of triode are the input reference power source of single-chip microcomputer, it exports constant+5V voltage.
Be described to monitor the lithium-ion-power cell of 64V60Ah, to manage in the present embodiment, the working power of single-chip microcomputer is 5V/3W, SOC estimation error≤5%, and operating temperature range is-30 DEG C-85 DEG C, and inside and outside communications protocol is CAN2.0.The series connection number of battery pack is 20, and it is 3 points that temperature detection is counted, and collecting temperature scope is-40 DEG C-120 DEG C, and error is ± 1 DEG C.Monomer battery voltage detection range is 0-5V, error≤0.5%.Battery pack total current sample range is-120A-120A, and error is≤0.5%.The highest total voltage of measuring is 100V, error≤0.5%; Polling period is 10ms.Battery balanced principle is that energy ezpenditure type is balanced, and heating and cooling controls as 2A/12V main line contact exports.Single-chip microcomputer from power consumption be maximum 50 μ A.
As shown in Figure 4, SOC detection module in the utility model forms primarily of CS5460A chip, CS5460A has the CMOS monolithic power measurement chip that active power calculates engine, it contains two programmable-gain amplifiers, two highpass filters, there is system calibration and effective value, power calculation function, to provide the computation of Period result of the sampling of instantaneous voltage, electric current, power data and energy of gaining merit.In Fig. 4, forward voltage input (the VIN+ of CS5460A chip, i.e. 9 pin) and its reverse voltage input (VIN-, i.e. 10 pin) connect with the two ends of series battery in lithium-ion-power cell respectively after bleeder circuit, bleeder circuit is by divider resistance R55(20K) and R56(1K) to form.Series connection number due to battery pack in the present embodiment is 20, therefore, the negative pole end of first battery is designated as BAT1, the positive terminal of the 20 battery is designated as BAT21, BAT1 is through current-limiting resistance R57(470) connect the reverse voltage input of CS5460A chip, sequentially connect divider resistance R56 and R55 between BAT1 and BAT21, the connected node of divider resistance R56 and R55 connects with the forward voltage input of CS5460A chip.The forward voltage input of CS5460A chip and its reverse voltage input are again respectively by filter capacitor C39(0.1 μ F) and C40(0.1 μ F) earth connection.By the two ends making the VIN+ of CS5460A chip end and VIN-end connect series battery in lithium-ion-power cell respectively, the total voltage of battery pack can be measured.
Forward current input (the IIN+ of CS5460A chip, i.e. 16 pin) through current-limiting resistance R61(470) connect shunt J13(CON2) and 1 pin, reverse current input (the IIN-of CS5460A chip, i.e. 15 pin) through current-limiting resistance R60(470) connecting 2 pin of shunt J13, shunt J13 can be connected in the main line of battery pack.The IIN+ end of CS5460A chip and IIN-end are respectively by filter capacitor C42(0.1 μ F) and C43(0.1 μ F) earth connection.By making IIN+ end and the IIN-termination shunt J13 of CS5460A chip, the measurement to battery pack main line electric current can be realized.Namely the total voltage of battery pack, main line electric current and the product of operating time are the energy consumed, and namely the energy deducting consumption with total electricity of lithium-ion-power cell obtains remaining capacity SOC.
18 pin (idle interface) of CS5460A chip are unsettled, 11 pin (reference voltage output terminal) and 12 pin (reference voltage input terminal) are through filter capacitor C44(0.1 μ F) earth connection, 13 pin (negative analog power end) and 4 pin (digital grounding end) directly earth connection.14 pin connect the power supply of+5V, and 3 pin are through filter capacitor C41(470 μ F) earth connection.17 pin (power down monitors end) connect the power supply of+5V, to ensure that irreversible permanent reset does not occur the status register of chip.The clock that 2 pin connect single-chip microcomputer exports, and is that the oscillator on a sheet exports, can drives the CMOS load of a standard.Crystal oscillator X4(4.096MHz is connected to) between 1 pin (crystal oscillator output) and 24 pin (crystal oscillator input).19 pin (reset terminal) connect 3 pin of single-chip microcomputer, and when this pin is low level, all registers all will revert to default value.7 pin are sheet choosing end CS, earth connection, when this pin is low level, and port identifiable design SCLK.
Pin 23(SDI) be serial data input, pin 6(SDO) be serial data output terminal, can be single-chip microcomputer by pin 6 and 23 and result data and the order accepting single-chip microcomputer are provided.Pin 5(SCLK) be serial clock input, the clock signal of this pin is for the incoming frequency of the output frequency and SDI of determining SDO.Pin 20(INT) be interrupt pin, Low level effective, shows that an order allowed occurs.Pin 22(EDIR) be energy position indication end, if the energy detected is negative value, then send signal.Pin 21(EOUT) be Energy transmission pin, export that a pulsewidth is fixed, frequency and the proportional pulse train of meritorious amount.Pin 8(MODE) be mode selection interface, low level represents that chip operates at standing order pattern, and then the order namely accepting single-chip microcomputer provides result to single-chip microcomputer after the computing of oneself, and high level represents the order directly can reading EEPROM.
Chip CS5460A in SOC detection module, can accurately detect and calculate active energy, instantaneous power, I
rMSand V
rMS, then these data are transferred to single-chip microcomputer.CS5460A can run under single 5V power supply, and it can use shunt (or current transformer) to detect electric current.Because the control line of CS5460A has CS, SDI, SDO, SCLK, INT and RESET, these control lines are after isolation, exchanges data is carried out with single-chip microcomputer, real-time required by different control line is different, so different light-coupled isolations need be selected, soon, high speed photo coupling 6N137 can be selected to isolate, and its coupling rate can reach 10Mbps for the data wire (SDI, SDO) of chip SPI interface and clock line (SCLK) signal intensity.Sheet because of chip selects (CS), resets (RESET) and interrupts (INT) holds output signal to belong to level signal, and transformation rate is very low, therefore can isolate with common optical coupler NEC2501 or TLP521.
As shown in Figure 5, voltage detection module in the utility model is the voltage detecting circuit of a kind of switch matrix (in figure shown in dotted line frame) in conjunction with differential amplifier, differential amplifier is for gathering the analog voltage signal at cell two ends, the analog voltage signal that differential amplifier exports exports to single-chip microcomputer after analog to digital converter (ADC) is converted to digital voltage signal, ADC can be the structure be separated with single-chip microcomputer, also can be integrated in single-chip microcomputer.Comprise some logic switches (in figure SB1, SB2, SB3 etc.) in switch matrix, the two ends of each cell are connected to a logic switch respectively, can share a logic switch between two adjacent cells.For the battery of 20 series connection in the present embodiment, draw from the negative pole end of first battery and meet a logic switch SB1, draw from the positive terminal (i.e. the negative pole end of second battery) of first battery and meet a logic switch SB2, draw from the positive terminal (i.e. the negative pole end of the 3rd battery) of second battery and meet a logic switch SB3, the rest may be inferred, draw from the positive terminal of the 20 battery and meet a logic switch SB21, for the battery of 20 series connection, be connected to 21 logic switches altogether.Two logic switches at each battery two ends are received on two inputs of differential amplifier respectively, when two logic switches at certain battery two ends close simultaneously, can be gathered the voltage at these battery two ends by differential amplifier.The analog signal collected exports to single-chip microcomputer after analog-to-digital conversion.Gathered the voltage signal at single battery two ends by differential amplifier, the impact of other signals can not be subject to.
In voltage detection module, in order to save analog-to-digital conversion passage, the mode of time-sharing multiplex is adopted to measure respectively 20 joint storage batterys.By SN54ALS138 decoder control TESTn(n=1 ~ 20) level height, the circuit diagram of decoder is as shown in Figure 6.As shown in Figure 6, three SN54ALS138 decoders are adopted in the present embodiment, each SN54ALS138 decoder has Y0 ~ Y7 eight outputs, the signal that eight outputs of first decoder export is respectively TEST1 ~ TEST8, the signal that eight outputs of second decoder export is respectively TEST9 ~ TEST16, wherein four outputs only used by 3rd decoder, and the signal that these four outputs export is respectively TEST17 ~ TEST20.These 20 signals of TEST1 ~ TEST20 control opening or closing of 20 batteries two ends logic switches respectively, that is, when TEST1 signal is low level, two logic switches at first segment battery two ends close, and measure the voltage at first segment battery two ends; When TEST2 signal is low level, two logic switches at second section battery two ends close, and measure the voltage at second section battery two ends.These 20 signals of TEST1 ~ TEST20 can only have at most one for low level at synchronization.Each decoder has six inputs, input A, B, C(also claim address end) connect the pin 41(PB1 of single-chip microcomputer respectively), 42(PB2) and 43(PB3), receive the PB1 address signal exported of single-chip microcomputer, PB2 address signal and PB3 address signal respectively, three address signals form binary coded signal.The gating end G1 of three decoders is respectively through current-limiting resistance R13(1K), R15(1K) and R19(1K) after connect with the power supply of+5V, the gating end of three decoders
the equal earth connection of 2B, the gating end of three decoders
2A(also claims control end) meet the pin 44(PB4 of single-chip microcomputer respectively), 1(PB5) and 2(PB6).When the gating end of certain decoder
when 2A is low level, this decoder works, and then is translated with low level at a corresponding output by the binary coded signal of address end (A, B, C).Such as, when PB4 send low level signal, and when the address signal that PB1, PB2, PB3 send is 110, then the level signal that TEST1 ~ TEST8 exports is 11111011, i.e. gating TEST6 signal; When PB5 send low level signal, and when the address signal that PB1, PB2, PB3 send is 001, the level signal that TEST9 ~ TEST16 exports is 01111111, i.e. gating TEST9 signal.
In the present embodiment, switch matrix is made up of 3 SN54ALS138 decoders and 11 AQW214-DIP8 photoelectrical couplers (abbreviation optocoupler), and optocoupler AQW214-DIP8 has the advantage that conducting resistance is little, switching speed is fast, the life-span is long.Describe circuit structure and the course of work of 3 SN54ALS138 decoders above in detail, describe the circuit structure and the course of work etc. of 11 AQW214-DIP8 optocouplers in the present embodiment below in conjunction with Fig. 7 in detail.
As shown in Figure 7, AQW214-DIP8 optocoupler (a corresponding rectangle frame) inside is integrated with the switch that two have Phototube Coupling, and each switch comprises a light-emitting diode (i.e. right side diode in rectangle frame) and a phototriode (i.e. left-side switch in rectangle frame).In each optocoupler, the collector electrode (8 pins and 6 pins, also claim the cathode output end of optocoupler) of two triodes connects two input V1 and V2 of differential amplifier respectively, emitter (7 pin and 5 pin of two triodes in each optocoupler, also the cathode output end of optocoupler is claimed) connect the two ends of single battery in series battery respectively, for example, two cathode output ends of first optocoupler are connected on two ends BAT1 and BAT2 of first segment battery respectively, two cathode output ends of second optocoupler are connected on two ends BAT3 and BAT4 of the 3rd batteries respectively, herein why not at two termination optocoupler AQW214-DIP8 of second section battery? this be due to: the two ends of second section battery are BAT2 and BAT3, in first optocoupler, the switch be connected with BAT2 and the switch junctions be connected with BAT3 in second optocoupler just can realize the cathode output end being connected optocoupler at the two ends of second section battery altogether, thus save the usage quantity of AQW214-DIP8 optocoupler.In the present embodiment, the 11st AQW214-DIP8 optocoupler has only used one of them switch, in the switch utilized in 11st optocoupler, the collector electrode (8 pin) of triode is connected to one of them input V1 of differential amplifier, the emitter (7 pin) of triode is connected to the positive terminal BAT21 of the 20 batteries, and the switch utilized in the 11st optocoupler and one of them switch junctions in the 10th optocoupler just can realize the cathode output end being connected optocoupler at the two ends of the 20 batteries altogether.
As described above and shown in Fig. 7, although seem one to have 11 AQW214-DIP8 optocouplers, but, a switch in first AQW214-DIP8 optocoupler and a switch junctions in second AQW214-DIP8 optocoupler form an optocoupler connected with second section battery two ends again altogether, therefore, in fact each batteries two ends all connects an optocoupler.Be used for controlling corresponding battery two ends respectively with the optocoupler that every batteries two ends connect whether to be connected with differential amplifier, if connect, the voltage at corresponding battery two ends can be gathered by differential amplifier.
How to control corresponding battery two ends with the optocoupler that every batteries two ends connect to be connected with differential amplifier? described from Fig. 7 and word segment, when the switch of two in optocoupler closes, the cathode output end that each Switch Controller is answered and cathode output end conducting, i.e. pin 8 and pin 7 conducting, pin 6 and pin 5 conducting, now the two ends of differential amplifier are connected respectively to the two ends of corresponding battery, thus can realize the collection to respective battery both end voltage.
20 signals (TEST1 ~ TEST20) exported by 3 SN54ALS138 decoders in the present embodiment control and 20 batteries optocoupler closed or disconnect one to one.Signal TEST1 controls first the AQW214-DIP8 optocoupler connected with first segment battery two ends; in first AQW214-DIP8 optocoupler, the positive pole of two diodes is all by current-limiting resistance R52(300) connect the power supply of+5V; the negative pole of two diodes connects with signal TEST1 (namely connecting with first output Y0 of first decoder) respectively by a diode (playing instruction and protective effect) of optocoupler outside, and the negative pole of optocoupler external diode connects with the output of decoder.When signal TEST1 is low level, the power supply of+5V gives two diode chargings in first AQW214-DIP8 optocoupler, two diode also conductings of optocoupler outside, two LED lightings of optocoupler inside, thus make two triode ON of optocoupler inside, V1 and BAT1 is connected, and V2 and BAT2 connects, and can be gathered the voltage at first segment battery two ends by differential amplifier.
In like manner, signal TEST3 controls second the AQW214-DIP8 optocoupler connected with the 3rd batteries two ends, in second AQW214-DIP8 optocoupler, the positive pole of two diodes all connects the power supply of+5V by current-limiting resistance R52, the negative pole of two diodes receives TEST3 signal respectively by a diode of optocoupler outside, when TEST3 signal is low level, the conducting of second AQW214-DIP8 optocoupler, differential amplifier gathers the voltage at the 3rd batteries two ends.
Control the closed of the optocoupler connected with second section battery two ends due to signal TEST2 or disconnect, and the optocoupler connected with second section battery two ends is made up of a switch in first AQW214-DIP8 optocoupler and a switch in second AQW214-DIP8 optocoupler, therefore, the diode Received signal strength TEST2 of negative pole through optocoupler outside of a diode in first AQW214-DIP8 optocoupler, the diode Received signal strength TEST2 of negative pole through optocoupler outside of a diode in second AQW214-DIP8 optocoupler, thus controlled the closed of the optocoupler connected with second section battery two ends by TEST2 or disconnect.
By that analogy, signal TEST1 ~ TEST20 can control the closed of the optocoupler connected with 20 batteries two ends respectively or disconnect, and sequentially gives signal TEST1 ~ TEST20 low level, sequentially can gather the voltage at 20 batteries two ends.
Measuring the voltage at single battery two ends, is the voltage consistent (or within the scope of one) in order to ensure all battery two ends.Through measuring the voltage of cell, if when finding that the voltage of the voltage at a certain batteries two ends and other batteries is inconsistent, then need to adjust the abnormal voltage of this battery, be consistent to make all cell voltages.
The utility model is adjusted by the abnormal voltage of equalizing circuit module to battery.As shown in Figure 8, equalizing circuit module comprises some and each in lithium-ion-power cell single battery resistance (or claiming discharge resistance) in parallel, have 20 batteries, therefore it is in parallel with 20 batteries to be respectively provided with 20 resistance in the present embodiment.And on the branch road at each resistance place, be provided with a control switch, 20 resistance respectively corresponding S1, S2, S3 ..., S20 20 control switchs.These control switchs all connect with single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer send out the control of logic control pulse under, control switch is closed or disconnect.Such as, if the voltage of voltage higher than other battery two ends at first segment battery two ends detected, then single-chip microcomputer transmission logic control pulse makes control switch S1 close, with the resistance conducting of first segment cell parallel, this resistance can carry out dividing potential drop to the voltage at first segment battery two ends, and the voltage at first segment battery two ends is reduced.When the voltage at first segment battery two ends is down to consistent with other cell voltages, Single-chip Controlling S1 disconnects.
By discharge resistance, dividing potential drop is carried out to cell, to realize the equilibrium of all cell voltages.In the process of discharge resistance conducting, will certainly produce heat, the heat produced may cause battery temperature to raise.Based on this, the utility model adopts temperature control module to control the temperature of battery in time, to make battery temperature in suitable scope.
As shown in Figure 9, temperature control module in the utility model comprises two triode Q5 and Q6, two relay K 32 and K37, and the heater to be connected respectively by interface JP2 and two relays and refrigerating plant (as fan), certainly, heater and refrigerating plant also can be the same devices having heating and refrigerating function concurrently.The base stage of triode Q5 is by current-limiting resistance R53(1K) with the pin 25(PC6 of single-chip microcomputer) connect, the base stage of triode Q6 passes through current-limiting resistance R54(1K) with the pin 26(PC7 of single-chip microcomputer) connect, the equal earth connection of emitter of two triodes.Wherein one end of the collector connection relay K32 coil of triode Q5, the power supply of another termination+5V of relay K 32 coil, the pin 1 and 2 of the two ends difference connecting interface JP2 of the normally opened contact of relay K 32.Wherein one end of the collector connection relay K37 coil of triode Q6, the power supply of another termination+5V of relay K 37 coil, the pin 3 and 4 of the two ends difference connecting interface JP2 of the normally opened contact of relay K 37.The normally opened contact of the present embodiment repeat circuit K32 is connected with heater by interface JP2, and the normally opened contact of relay K 37 is connected with refrigerating plant by interface JP2.
The battery temperature that temperature sensor gathers is sent to single-chip microcomputer, according to the battery temperature received, single-chip microcomputer judges that battery is the need of heating or refrigeration.If battery temperature is too high need refrigeration, then by Single-chip Controlling triode Q6 conducting, and then the normally opened contact in relay K 37 is closed, now refrigerating plant work, realizes the refrigeration action to battery.If battery temperature is too low need heating, then by Single-chip Controlling triode Q5 conducting, and then the normally opened contact in relay K 32 is closed, now heater work, realizes the heating action to battery.
For providing the power module of+5V power supply as shown in Figure 10 to single-chip microcomputer, temperature control module, SOC detection module and voltage detection module in the utility model.Power module in the utility model is the anti-jamming power-supply of stable output+5V voltage of belt current, voltage protection.Power module comprises three terminal integrated voltage stabilizer 78L05-TO92, and pressurizer 78L05-TO92 is voltage conversion chip, and its input voltage can be 7.2V ~ 35V, has higher input voltage characteristic; It is for converting the high external voltage of instability to stable 5V voltage.The input V of pressurizer
iNconnect external power source, the output V of pressurizer
oUTexport the burning voltage of+5V, the earth terminal GND earth connection of pressurizer.At the input V of pressurizer
iNand be connected to filter capacitor E1(100 μ F/50V parallel with one another between its earth terminal GND) and C1(0.1 μ F), filter capacitor E1 is electrochemical capacitor, and filter capacitor C1 is conventional capacitive, the positive pole of filter capacitor E1 and the input V of pressurizer
iNconnect, the negative pole of filter capacitor E1 connects with the earth terminal GND of pressurizer.At the output V of pressurizer
oUTand be connected to filter capacitor E2(22 μ F/16V parallel with one another between its earth terminal GND) and C2(0.1 μ F), filter capacitor E2 is electrochemical capacitor, and filter capacitor C2 is conventional capacitive, the positive pole of filter capacitor E2 and the output V of pressurizer
oUTconnect, the negative pole of filter capacitor E2 connects with the earth terminal GND of pressurizer.
The voltage that filter capacitor E1 and C1 in power module can input to external world carries out preliminary filtering, the voltage and current that pressurizer 78L05-TO92 exports can be carried out filtering again by filter capacitor E2 and C2, thus ensure that whole power module has triple filter action, ensure that the reliability and stability of power module.
The input V of pressurizer
iNthe power supply of+the 12V that the external power source connected can carry for vehicle itself, also can connect the external power source of voltage between 7.2V ~ 35V by interface J1.2 pin of interface J1 and 3 pin earth connections, 1 pin connects the input V of pressurizer
iN, and at 1 pin of interface J1 and the input V of pressurizer
iNbetween connect fuse F1, the electric current in circuit can be prevented excessive by fuse F1 and burn out pressurizer 78L05-TO92.
Claims (10)
1. a lithium-ion-power cell management system, is characterized in that, comprising:
SOC detection module, connects with single-chip microcomputer, for detecting the residual charge amount of lithium-ion-power cell;
Voltage detection module, connects with single-chip microcomputer, for detecting the voltage of each single battery in lithium-ion-power cell, and detected voltage is sent to single-chip microcomputer;
Equalizing circuit module, connects with single-chip microcomputer, under the control of single-chip microcomputer, in lithium-ion-power cell certain single battery voltage and other cell voltages inconsistent time, to the voltage adjustment of this single battery, all cell voltages are consistent;
Temperature sensor, connects with single-chip microcomputer, for gathering the temperature of lithium-ion-power cell, and collected temperature is sent to single-chip microcomputer;
Temperature control module, connects with single-chip microcomputer, under the control of single-chip microcomputer, freezes or heating operation to lithium-ion-power cell;
Single-chip microcomputer, connect with described SOC detection module, described voltage detection module, described equalizing circuit module, described temperature sensor, described temperature control module and display respectively, for receiving the relevant parameter signal of detected lithium-ion-power cell and sending corresponding control command;
Display, connects with described single-chip microcomputer, for showing the relevant parameter of detected lithium-ion-power cell; And
Power module, for providing the operating voltage of+5V for described SOC detection module, described voltage detection module, described temperature control module and described single-chip microcomputer.
2. lithium-ion-power cell management system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described power module comprises three terminal integrated voltage stabilizer, and the input of described pressurizer connects external power source, the output of described pressurizer exports the burning voltage of+5V, the earth terminal earth connection of described pressurizer; Between the input and its earth terminal of described pressurizer, be connected to two filter capacitors parallel with one another, between the output and its earth terminal of described pressurizer, be also connected to two filter capacitors parallel with one another.
3. lithium-ion-power cell management system according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the voltage of the external power source that the input of described pressurizer connects is 7.2V ~ 35V.
4. lithium-ion-power cell management system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described SOC detection module comprises CS5460A chip, forward voltage input and its reverse voltage input of described CS5460A chip connect with the two ends of series battery in lithium-ion-power cell respectively after bleeder circuit, and forward current input and its reverse current input of described CS5460A chip connect with the output main line of series battery in lithium-ion-power cell through shunt; Serial data input and its serial data output terminal of described CS5460A chip all connect with described single-chip microcomputer; The crystal oscillator of 4.096MHz is connected between the crystal oscillator input and its crystal oscillator output of described CS5460A chip.
5. lithium-ion-power cell management system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the concrete structure of described voltage detection module is: be connected to a logic switch at the two ends of each single battery of lithium-ion-power cell, two inputs of differential amplifier received respectively by two logic switches at each battery two ends, the output of described differential amplifier connects with single-chip microcomputer after analog to digital converter, described differential amplifier is for gathering the analog voltage signal at single battery two ends, the analog voltage signal collected is converted to after digital voltage signal through analog to digital converter and is sent to single-chip microcomputer.
6. lithium-ion-power cell management system according to claim 5, is characterized in that, all logic switches connect a differential amplifier altogether; All logic switches form a switch matrix, and described switch matrix comprises some SN54ALS138 decoders and some AQW214-DIP8 photoelectrical couplers; The address end of described decoder connects with described single-chip microcomputer, for receiving the binary signal that described single-chip microcomputer sends; The control end of described decoder connects with described single-chip microcomputer, for receiving the control command that described single-chip microcomputer sends; The output of described decoder connects with the negative input of described photoelectrical coupler, and the electrode input end of described photoelectrical coupler connects the power supply of+5V; The cathode output end of described photoelectrical coupler connects with the two ends of single battery, and the cathode output end of described photoelectrical coupler connects with two inputs of described differential amplifier.
7. lithium-ion-power cell management system according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, be connected to have between the output and the negative input of described photoelectrical coupler of described decoder and indicate and the diode of protective effect, the negative pole of described diode connects with the output of described decoder; Current-limiting resistance is connected between the electrode input end and the power supply of+5V of described photoelectrical coupler.
8. lithium-ion-power cell management system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described equalizing circuit module comprises some and each in lithium-ion-power cell single battery resistance in parallel, and the branch road at each resistance place is provided with a control switch; All control switchs all connect with described single-chip microcomputer, and under the control of described single-chip microcomputer, described control switch can close or disconnect.
9. lithium-ion-power cell management system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described temperature control module comprises two triodes, two relays and heater and refrigerating plant; The base stage of two triodes connects with single-chip microcomputer respectively, the equal earth connection of emitter of two triodes, and the collector electrode of two triodes connects with described heater and described refrigerating plant respectively each via a relay.
10. lithium-ion-power cell management system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described single-chip microcomputer is ATmega16 single-chip microcomputer.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106130112A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-11-16 | 东莞理工学院 | Lithium battery charge and discharge management system and method |
| CN107490771A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2017-12-19 | 江苏兴邦能源科技有限公司 | Floating ground addressable fuel cell pile series voltage detection device |
| CN108365669A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-08-03 | 苏州利茂电气科技有限公司 | A kind of battery charging core apparatus |
| CN109428357A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2019-03-05 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Battery equalization method, system, vehicle, storage medium and electronic equipment |
| CN110061316A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-07-26 | 上海采日能源科技有限公司 | Energy storage cell charging-discharging management method, device and management of charging and discharging device |
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| CN106130112A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-11-16 | 东莞理工学院 | Lithium battery charge and discharge management system and method |
| CN106130112B (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2018-05-04 | 东莞理工学院 | Lithium battery charge and discharge management system and method |
| CN109428357A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2019-03-05 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Battery equalization method, system, vehicle, storage medium and electronic equipment |
| CN109428357B (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2020-11-20 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Battery equalization method, system, vehicle, storage medium and electronic device |
| CN107490771A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2017-12-19 | 江苏兴邦能源科技有限公司 | Floating ground addressable fuel cell pile series voltage detection device |
| CN108365669A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-08-03 | 苏州利茂电气科技有限公司 | A kind of battery charging core apparatus |
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| CN110843545A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-02-28 | 安徽兴邦专用汽车股份有限公司 | Energy-saving motor home with solar power generation function |
| CN113016116A (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2021-06-22 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Power supply circuit, power supply device, mobile platform and residual electric quantity adjusting method |
| CN114258496A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2022-03-29 | 株式会社Lg新能源 | Battery device, battery management system and method for correcting measured voltage |
| CN114258496B (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2024-04-05 | 株式会社Lg新能源 | Battery device, battery management system, and method for correcting measured voltage |
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