CN205170955U - Titanium -based alloy smelts electromagnetic induction vacuum apparatus who joins in marriage - Google Patents
Titanium -based alloy smelts electromagnetic induction vacuum apparatus who joins in marriage Download PDFInfo
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- CN205170955U CN205170955U CN201520819840.0U CN201520819840U CN205170955U CN 205170955 U CN205170955 U CN 205170955U CN 201520819840 U CN201520819840 U CN 201520819840U CN 205170955 U CN205170955 U CN 205170955U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a titanium -based alloy's smelting and melt and join in marriage application of optimization equipment, concretely relates to titanium -based alloy smelts electromagnetic induction vacuum apparatus who joins in marriage, the induction cooker comprises a cooker bod, be provided with the water -cooling copper crucible in the furnace body, water -cooling copper crucible below has set gradually sprue cup and casting mould, the water -cooling copper crucible includes a plurality of insulating arc copper billet that sets up each other, is provided with the copper billet clearance of not revealing the fuse -element between the adjacent arc copper billet, circulating water cooling in each arc copper billet adopts, the water -cooling copper crucible outside is provided with electromagnetic induction coil, electromagnetic induction coil is connected with the intermediate frequency power supply input.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the smelting of titanium base alloy and molten application apparatus of joining technology, is specifically related to a kind of titanium base alloy melting and melts the electromagnetic induction vacuum unit of joining.
Background technology
Titanium alloy is a kind of new structural material, because having, intensity is high, solidity to corrosion good, thermotolerance is high for titanium alloy, also there is excellent over-all properties, as density is little, intensity and fracture toughness property high, fatigue strength and resistance to crack extension ability good, low-temperature flexibility is good, etch resistant properties excellent characteristics and be widely used in every field.Titanium alloy is mainly used in making aircraft engine compressor part the earliest, is secondly the structural part of rocket, guided missile and high-speed aircraft.Now titanium and titanium alloys obtains application in general industry, and titanium is nontoxic, light weight, intensity are high and have excellent biocompatibility, is ideal medical metal material, can be used as the implant etc. of implant into body.And the electrode making electrolytic industry can also be used for, the condenser in power house, the well heater of petroleum refining and sea water desaltination and environment pollution control device etc.In addition for the production of hydrogen storage material and shape memory alloy etc., therefore it to obtain increasingly extensive application and development at industrial sectors such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, chemical industry, medicine, shipbuildings swift and violent.
But, because titanium alloy chemical property in the liquid state is very lived ripple, almost with all gas of contacting and mold material generation chemical reaction, can alloy contamination be caused, and change the physical organization of titanium base alloy, slacken its chemistry and physicals.Thus join in process in the melting of titanium base alloy with molten, temperature and the composition of correct control alloy melt are particularly crucial, particularly important for acquisition titanium base alloy of good performance.And what extensively adopt at present industry is arc-melting furnace or the electron beam melting of self-consuming electrode type, although effectively can ensure that the solution of alloy has certain superheating temperature and alloy melt composition comparatively accurately, but this method is high for the specification of quality of raw material and electrode, and the surface-area in molten bath is large, the degree of depth is little, easily cause the volatilization loss of high vapour pressure element (as aluminium element) larger, electron beam melting can make titanium alloy especially in titanium aluminum alloy oxygen level obviously reduce, also make Aluminum in Alloy content obviously reduce simultaneously.And the variation of alloy also very easily occurs for solution and crucible, the precision of alloy composition does not also reach requirement.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model be for prior art exist defect and deficiency, provide a kind of titanium base alloy melting to melt the electromagnetic induction vacuum unit of joining.
For achieving the above object, the utility model by the following technical solutions: comprise body of heater, be provided with water jacketed copper crucible in described body of heater, be disposed with sprue cup and casting mold below described water jacketed copper crucible;
Described water jacketed copper crucible comprises the arc copper billet that several mutually insulateds are arranged, and is provided with the copper billet gap of not revealing melt between adjacent arc copper billet; Described each arc copper billet adopts internal recycle water cooling; Described water jacketed copper crucible arranged outside has electromagnetic induction coil, and described electromagnetic induction coil is connected with intermediate frequency power supply input terminus.
Further, have cooling trough, and bottom is provided with water-in and water outlet in described each arc copper billet, the bottom of described each arc copper billet is connected with pedestal, has tank, and be provided with suction culvert and outlet pipeline in described pedestal; The water-in of described each arc copper billet is communicated with suction culvert, and water outlet is communicated with outlet pipeline; Described suction culvert is connected with cooling water source.
Further, described pedestal comprises the tank plate having circulating water channel; Described tank plate is fixed with tank cover plate; Circulating water channel in described tank plate is connected with the cooling trough in each arc copper billet respectively.
Further, the copper billet gap between described adjacent arc copper billet is 2-4mm.
Further, the quantity of described arc copper billet is 4-20.
Further, described electromagnetic induction coil adopts hollow specially shaped copper tube.
Further, the size of described electromagnetic induction coil meets:
Inductor block internal diameter d1=d2+2 Δ c;
Inductor block height h1=bd1;
Wherein: d1 is inductor block internal diameter, d2 is crucible external diameter, and Δ c is lining thickness, and hl is inductor block height, and b value is 1.0 to 1.2.
Further, described arc copper billet adopts semicircle copper billet, or adopts D type abnormity copper billet.
Further, described body of heater is also provided with molten joins charging mechanism, switching mechanism, power source system interface, vacuum system interface, anti-filling with inert gas system, viewing window and temperature measuring window.
Compared with prior art, the utility model has following useful technique effect: compared with traditional melting method, and titanium base alloy melts the electromagnetic induction vacuum unit Heating temperature of joining and do not limit by crucible material, can reach more than 2000 DEG C; Melt is separated completely with crucible, avoids the pollution that crucible material in fusion process is brought.By the convection action that magnetic agitation produces, at high temperature can also effectively remove the impurity such as the floating oxide compound of bath surface, be very suitable for melting and the synthesis of high purity titanium metallic substance and alloy; Do not need additional whipping device, under electromagnetic force, melt can be stirred fully, is conducive to the component uniformity improving melting material; Interstitial element in titanium alloy obtains the premium properties effectively controlling to keep titanium base alloy gold.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the utility model integral device rough schematic view;
Fig. 2 is the utility model water jacketed copper crucible structural representation;
Fig. 3 is the distribution of the utility model water jacketed copper crucible and electromagnetic property schematic diagram;
To be that under the utility model electromagnetic induction vacuum state, titanium base alloy melting is molten join process schematic to Fig. 4;
Fig. 5 is crucible water cooling operating diagram;
Wherein: 1 is arc copper billet; 2 is copper billet gap; 3 is crucible molten bath; 4 is electromagnetic induction coil; 5 is metal scull; 6 is suction culvert; 7 is outlet pipeline; 8 is water jacketed copper crucible; 9 is sprue cup; 10 is casting mold; 11 is body of heater; 12 is tank plate; 13 is tank cover plate; 14 join charging mechanism for molten; 15 is switching mechanism; 16 is power source system interface; 17 is vacuum system interface; 18 is anti-filling with inert gas system; 19 is viewing window; 20 is side temperature window; 21 is cooling trough.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail.
See Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the utility model comprises body of heater 11, body of heater 11 is provided with melt to join charging mechanism 14, switching mechanism 15, power source system interface 16, vacuum system interface 17, anti-filling with inert gas system 18, viewing window 19 and temperature measuring window 20.
Be provided with water jacketed copper crucible 8 in described body of heater 11, below described water jacketed copper crucible 8, be disposed with sprue cup 9 and casting mold 10; Described water jacketed copper crucible 11 comprises the arc copper billet 1 that several mutually insulateds are arranged, and is provided with the copper billet gap 2 of not revealing melt between adjacent arc copper billet 1; The quantity of arc copper billet 1 is 4-20.Described each arc copper billet 1 adopts internal recycle water cooling; Described water jacketed copper crucible 8 arranged outside has electromagnetic induction coil 4, and described electromagnetic induction coil 4 is connected with intermediate frequency power supply input terminus.
See Fig. 5, have cooling trough 21 in described each arc copper billet 1, and be provided with water-in and the water outlet of cooling trough 21 in bottom, one end of described arc copper billet 1 is provided with pedestal, have circulating water channel in described pedestal, and be provided with suction culvert 6 and outlet pipeline 7; The water-in of described each arc copper billet 1 is communicated with suction culvert 6 by the circulating water channel in pedestal, and water outlet is communicated with outlet pipeline 7 by the circulating water channel in pedestal; Described suction culvert 6 is connected with cooling water source.Described pedestal comprises the tank plate 12 having circulating water channel; Described tank plate 12 is fixed with tank cover plate 13; Circulating water channel in described tank plate 12 is connected with the cooling trough in each arc copper billet 1 respectively.In Fig. 5 arrow points be water coolant workflow to, being upwards water inlet direction, is downwards water outlet direction.Water inlet circular copper pipe is attached to crucible top inlet flume and crucible internal cooling tank, then open natural pressure is wandered, and to crucible internal cooling tank, carries out lowering the temperature to crucible copper lobe, flow back into crucible bottom water outlet tank again, be connected with outlet conduit.Pedestal and crucible bottom encapsulation process, draw after water inlet water outlet and body of heater pedestal connection sealing.
Copper billet gap 2 between adjacent arc copper billet 1 is 2-4mm; Arc copper billet 1 adopts semicircle copper billet, or adopts D type abnormity copper billet.
Described electromagnetic induction coil 5 adopts hollow specially shaped copper tube.The size of electromagnetic induction coil 5 meets:
Inductor block internal diameter d1=d2+2 Δ c;
Inductor block height h1=bd1 (b=h1/d1);
Wherein: d1 is inductor block internal diameter, d2 is crucible external diameter, and Δ c is lining thickness, and hl is inductor block height, and b value is 1.0 to 1.2.
The electromagnetic induction vacuum unit that the utility model provides is made up of body of heater, vacuum system, pneumatic hydraulic system, cooling water system, anti-filling with inert gas system, intermediate frequency power supply and Controlling System thereof.Body of heater comprises vacuum induction melting furnace and smelts molten being equipped with and Workplace and space, is joined charging mechanism, viewing window, sampling unit, temperature measuring window, Fan Lu mechanism, water jacketed copper crucible, inductor block and electricity-supply device, vacuum chamber housing etc. formed by molten.Vacuum system comprises vacuum pump unit, vacuum valve, detecting instrument etc., and its function is to provide smelts and molten necessary condition of joining in process, as final vacuum, working vacuum degree, pumpdown time control, step-up ratio; The system that meet the mechanical actions such as vacuum charging of pneumatic hydraulic system except vacuum group; Cooling water system is for electromagnetic induction coil and water jacketed copper crucible carry out cooling system, and anti-filling with inert gas system is for protection is being smelted and molten system of joining in process the purity reducing impurity and alloying constituent; Variable-frequency power sources and electrical control system are responsible for supply smelting and melt joining necessary electric energy in process, to realize voltage, electric current, power, the Controlling System of the electric parameters such as power frequency.
Principle of work: using titanium or titanium-based alloy material being housed as in the special water jacketed copper crucible of furnace charge, the strong eddy current utilizing electromagnetic induction principle to produce is as thermal source, carry out that the melting of titanium or titanium-based alloy material is molten joins under vacuum conditions, thus obtain the new titanium-based alloy material of the free of contamination high purity of high quality.Because special water jacketed copper crucible carries out water cooling in working process, when smelting titanium alloy, be formed with the solid encasement that melts of titanium alloy freezes between crucible and melt and be called scull, crucible lining is now equivalent to make with the material of institute's melting, namely inner surface of crucible is identical with metal ingredient, thus avoids the pollution of common crucible to melting material.By repeatedly vacuumizing and anti-filling with inert gas in fusion process, avoid titanium alloy material due to self chemical property and live ripple in melting with moltenly join in process, titanium alloy and interstitial element affect alloy mass as the reaction of oxygen, nitrogen.Avoid the midway of melting under vacuum conditions molten with addition of the pollution again entering to melt to join materials chemistry, the difference of physicals produces.Thus ensure that the fine quality and performance that need material.
Conventional Metal Melting and molten join only needs by selecting applicable crucible material.And titanium base alloy chemical property is comparatively lived ripple, almost with all gas of contacting with melting is molten joins contact material and react, alloy contamination can be caused, affect the physicals of alloy structure.Need to take new renewal so melt to join for the melting of titanium base alloy.Be subject to polluting the optimal selection just taking to contact without crucible and be often counted as without features such as melt contamination to solve the problem in order to alloy material can not be made.It is utilize the metallic copper with good conductive thermal conductivity to make that titanium base alloy melts the electromagnetic induction vacuum unit Special water cooling copper crucible of joining, and there is cooling-water duct crucible inside.In the course of the work, water coolant flows and takes away a large amount of heats in crucible, to reduce the temperature of crucible, prevents crucible melting, simultaneously when smelting metal, forms the solid encasement produced by solidification of metal melt, also referred to as scull between crucible and metal melt.Now the liner of crucible is equivalent to make with the metal of required melting, and inner surface of crucible is then consistent with metal ingredient, thus avoids the pollution of metal melt.It is a kind of special combination crucible be made up of numerous arc copper billet or special copper pipe that titanium base alloy melts the electromagnetic induction vacuum unit Special water cooling copper crucible of joining, and insulated from each otherly between each arc block does not form electric loop.Circulating water is taked in each piece of inside, and in use procedure, the temperature of crucible body is very low, and the titanium base alloy solution be melted will be frozen into the solid-state shell of one deck at inner surface of crucible, is scull.And remaining titanium base alloy continues fusing in scull inside, so the purity that titanium base alloy originally has can be kept, also prevent the pollution of other impurity in fusion process.See Fig. 3, Fig. 4, during work when ruhmkorff coil leads to medium frequency alternating current, each copper billet inside can be made to obtain induced current, and on adjacent two copper billet cross sections, its induced current is contrary.In Fig. 3, in electromagnetic induction coil, the direction of arrow is immediate current direction, and in arc copper billet 1, the direction of arrow is inner induct current direction.Between copper billet, set up field direction each other identical, each block gap has a high-intensity magnetic field, due to ring-type arrangement formation one the strengthening magnetic field of copper billet.The water jacketed copper crucible same current collector such as just, gathers magnetic line of force on the furnace charge in crucible.Relation between the field direction simultaneously gone out due to crucible internal walls and the induced current of furnace charge, creates the electromagnetic force at a unidirectional crucible center of being pushed to by melt, namely magnetic compression effect.The increase of combination block or the increase of power, impel alloy furnace charge to melt rapidly through the magnetic field that water jacketed copper crucible enhances, and produce strong function composite by electromagnetic stirring, makes temperature and the uniform composition of fusion alloying solution.
Water jacketed copper crucible technological core is that the appropriate design of its structure and electromagnetic field allows it possess good electric heating property, thus makes it have good saturating magnetic and low eddy-current loss characteristic, produces larger inductive loop and suspending power in the melt.Reach the object of effect the best.The structure mainly splitted structure of water jacketed copper crucible, and the heating efficiency of electromagnetic field is mainly decided by electrical parameter and the position of ruhmkorff coil and the physicals of furnace charge.
In the structure of water jacketed copper crucible, the quantity in copper billet gap, the gap number that cracks namely between arc copper billet distinguish is the most key, directly determines the magnetic permeability energy of crucible and low eddy-current loss effect.Select joint-cutting number The more the better, but joint-cutting number reaches some amount, the magnetic line of force through sidewall of crucible just reaches saturated, also just loses meaning, also affect cost at increase joint-cutting number.Generally follow " many distinguish, narrow joint-cutting " principle in design, optimize distinguish number by three-dimensional even summation current algorithm.The structures shape of electromagnetic field frequency and water jacketed copper crucible did self saturating magnetic energy power, and raise with frequency, in crucible, magneticflux-density declines, and the splitted structure of water jacketed copper crucible makes eddy-current loss reduce, and field frequency is more high more obvious.Rule of thumb to the ultra-high frequency of more than 100kHz, crucible is divided into 16 to 20 lobes; The high frequency of 10-100kHz, crucible is divided into 8 to 12 lobes; For the medium-high frequency of less than 10, it is proper that crucible is divided into 4 to 8 lobes.
The width that cracks of the shape of cold-crucible distinguish, crucible quality and water jacketed copper crucible affects all to some extent on the magnetic permeability energy of crucible and efficiency.Especially distinguish shape affects comparatively large, and the melting and the molten choosing semicircle of joining that are directed to titanium base alloy are proper; Because water jacketed copper crucible is placed in magnetic field environment together with metallic substance, be also a part for induction heating load, the quality reducing water jacketed copper crucible can reduce the loss in magnetic field, also can improve electrical efficiency; Water jacketed copper crucible crack width requirement also suitably, the width that cracks can improve more greatly magnetic energy power and melting efficiency, but symmetry slot place axial magnetic field impact of cracking is large, not obvious to other position influence of magnetic field, with cracking, width increases, and material surface magnetic flux density rises to some extent, but near only concentrating on, suitable so crack, and can not affect that to crack material between gap or reveal melt be main.
The electromagnetic suspension ability of water jacketed copper crucible is relevant with the position of inductor coil; the soft contact condition of position relationship to scull of inductor block and the following current effect of covering slag, the gap of ruhmkorff coil and current collector then determines the leakage field intensity of electromagnetic system, induction efficiency and energy distribution.
Embodiment
1, titanium base alloy melts the electrical design foundation of the electromagnetic induction vacuum unit of joining
1., according to titanium base alloy melting and molten system of joining required turnout calculated load power consumption and power supply contain thermosteresis capacity, then the electricity capacity calculating of 50kw pressed by 50Xnkw/kg and per kilogram titanium base alloy based on experience value; The staged that meets lowest power heats power requirement used; With reference to electromagnetic induction heating heat Calculation formula; Q=cTG or electric power calculation formula:
the average specific hot melt of titanium or titanium base alloy; T, the raised temperature of melting, G, titanium or titanium base alloy total mass; T, time s required when being raised to T temperature, 0.24, thermal equivalent of work;
2., titanium alloy furnace charge absorb unit power according to
k, constant; H, magneticstrength A/m;
Q
f, crucible internal diameter d, and the function of ratio to current penetration degree of depth δ 2 in furnace charge; ρ
2, titanium or titanium alloy resistivity, Ω .cm;
μ
r2, the relative magnetic permeability of titanium or titanium alloy; F, power frequency HZ;
In induction melting process, the difference of unit heating heat and quantity of heat given up is depended in the temperature rise of furnace charge; Certain unit in unit in accumulation of heat amount can be represented by the formula: Q
accumulation=Q
input-Q
export=Q
induction+ Q
conduction; Due to Q
inductionto electric current
The first order derivative of depth of penetration σ be greater than 0, therefore σ is larger, Q
inductionlarger.Wherein
In general power supply determines that rear supply frequency is invariable, and therefore the depth of penetration of electric current is just decided by ρ
2and μ
r2; δ and ρ
2/ μ
r2two/once square to be directly proportional, thus ρ
2/ μ
r2the induction heat being worth large same position is just many.For Q thermal conduction
conductionthe thermal conductivity of its size and alloy is inversely proportional to.But for ρ inhomogeneity titanium and titanium base alloy
2/ μ
r2difference is not very large.What wherein modal thermal conductivity was maximum is TiAL2.5Sn alloy, is secondly Ti15VGr3Sn3AL alloy, is Ti48AL2Gr2Nb alloy again, and wherein it is slightly larger for Ti6AL4V alloy ratio, and Ti6AL4V alloy heats up slowly;
3., the selection of power supply is selected according to the distinguish number and joint-cutting that make water jacketed copper crucible; See the following form shown in water jacketed copper crucible internal magnetic field rate of fall-off;
The manufacture of water jacketed copper crucible melts see titanium base alloy the analysis chapters and sections that the electromagnetic induction vacuum unit Special water cooling copper crucible structure of joining affects electric heating property.Rule of thumb to the ultra-high frequency of more than 100kHz, crucible is divided into 16 to 20 lobes; The high frequency of 10-100kHz, crucible is divided into 8 to 12 lobes; For the medium-high frequency of less than 10, it is proper that crucible is divided into 4 to 8 lobes.Generally follow " many distinguish, narrow joint-cutting " principle in design, optimize distinguish number by three-dimensional even summation current algorithm, crack suitable, and can not affect that to crack material between gap or reveal melt be main.
Crucible calculation of parameter: working volume
batch kg; ρ
m, the liquidus density g/cm of melting material
3; D2, crucible mean diameter cm; H2 crucible height cm;
Crucible cubic capacity
Δ
c=Δ
t+ 0.5 (Δ
t, crucible average wall thickness, is generally 4 ~ 8mm; )
Δ c, lining thickness.A value is with reference to following table:
| Furnace capacity kg | Less than 500 | 500-1500 | 1500-3000 | More than 3000 |
| A value | 1/2～2/3 | 2/3～3/4 | 3/4～4/5 | 4/5～1 |
4., the making of inductor coil: inductor block is the core component in vacuum induction body of heater, directly carries electric energy convert task.Its performance quality just determines technical and economic requirements.Its function first sets up alternating magnetic field, makes furnace charge produce induced current; Second is that dragon drags water jacketed copper crucible, realizes melting and melts and join and the core missions of casting cycle.So must meet following some: meet electrician's requirement, the mechanical property of own dimensions structure, the number of turn, rigidity; Inductor block turn-to-turn must have good insulation; Inductor block adopt hollow deformed copper pipe bear electric current conveying and cooling water circulation;
The calculating of inductor block size: inductor block internal diameter d1=d2 crucible external diameter+2 Δ c lining thickness and inductor block height h1=bd1b=h1/d1; See the following form:
| Furnace capacity kg | Less than 500 | 500-1500 | More than 1500 |
| B value | 1.2 | 1.1-1.2 | 1.0-1.1 |
Minimum frequency needed for furnace charge:
charging resistance rate Ω .cm; D2, crucible internal diameter cm; μ
r, furnace charge relative magnetic permeability.Stove theoretical(horse)power
m, furnace capacity kg; i
2, i
1, heating finish-time and the heat content kw.h/kg starting heat-up time; Inductor block effective turn
circle U
g, ruhmkorff coil terminal voltage V; P
g, inductor block power kw.
2, titanium base alloy melts the Proper Design requirement of the electromagnetic induction vacuum unit of joining
Titanium base alloy melts the use-pattern choice structure of the vacuum furnace body design considerations stove of the electromagnetic induction vacuum unit of joining, and structure is shown in Fig. 1.Its concrete structure can adopt ELECTROMAGNETIC VACUUM induction furnace to change a social system, and installs required functional module additional; Adopt magnetic shielding to avoid interference for thermometric and other linear quadratic control cables, affect measuring accuracy.Vacuum pump unit selects the vacuum pump power of the assembling unit according to required vacuum tightness; Total interface must seal and meet vacuum level requirements; Vacuum induction body of heater is the main composition of whole equipment, is also to carry out vacuum melting and molten court and space vacuum chamber of joining production.The structure Design and Calculation of body of heater comprises: after the selection of the selection of the type of furnace, the cooling of body of heater, expose material, the determination of body of heater size, furnace body wall, devise a stratagem is calculated really; Middle-size and small-size employing vertical structure, large-scale employing horizontal type structure; Body of heater texture material is closely knit, and flawless is airtight, and mechanical property and welding property will be got well, and can not adopt magneticsubstance, can not be oxidized and corrode; When the ratio of furnace shell diameter D0 and inductor block diameter D1 equals 2-2.5, power consumption is little, and electrical efficiency is high; So furnace diameter should be; D0 >=(2 ~ 2.5D) 1 is proper; Basic demand below demand fulfillment:
1., body of heater should have enough rigidity and intensity; Body of heater will bear air external pressure and cyclic hydrostatic pressure in the course of the work, can increase interior pressure when vacuumizing, and body of heater not single geometrical body, but have the complex geometries to be of a lot of hole yet, so that sampling installed by various metrical instrument, monitoring is observed and operation.Be heated unevenly will have requirements at the higher level to intensity simultaneously;
2., good sealing property to be had.First be that body of heater material is suitable, structure will be easy to check, vacuum seal structure is wanted rationally, and sealing material is excellent, will meet the stability of vacuum performance in a word;
3., the volume of body of heater and form will meet the reasonableness layout that all structures of timing are melted in static state and melting, convenient operation and maintenance.
3., the operating pressure of vacuum melting room is minimum meets 10
-3~ 1.3 × 10
-5pa
3, titanium base alloy melts the melting of the electromagnetic induction vacuum unit of joining and molten allotment of labor's skill
3.1, feed; The typical furnace charge that titanium alloy furnace charge is conventional is Ti6AL4V and Ti15VGr3Sn3AL.Its composition of Ti6AL4V is ω (AL)=6%, ω (V)=4%, and general one-level titanium sponge, commercial-purity aluminium, the vananum of adopting is prepared burden.The liquid phase homogenizing hold-time is about 10min, melt top temperature about 1800 DEG C; Pouring temperature more than 1700 DEG C; Casting vacuum tightness keeps 1.2x10
-1pa.Its composition of Ti15VGr3Sn3AL is ω (AL)=3%, ω (V)=15%,
ω (C
r)=3%, ω (S
n)=3%, employing furnace charge is titanium, aluminium, chromium, tin pure metal and aluminium vanadium master alloy;
First charging divides two portions starting material, a part directly loads crucible, another part namely molten material being of joining loads alloy hopper, carries out molten joining, add will select suitable opportunity according to the material of different in kind to reach requirement at smelting temperature and to drop into molten bath reinforced opportunity.Ripple element alive and trace element are applicable to refining and add therebetween; High vapour pressure element adds when fluid; Charge of intermediation melts the requirement of joining and will note observing temperature and vacuum tightness, arranges addition sequence in advance, grasps reinforced opportunity, reduces scaling loss and ensures high rewinding rate.
3.2, melt: the main task of melting period be make load melting, degas, remove harmful impurity and non-metallic inclusion, metal or alloy liquid is had on suitable temperature, molten bath and keeps suitable vacuum tightness, to join or refining creates conditions for molten.Melting period be technique the most key be also time the longest process.Vacuum induction melting melting period need to be grasped following some:
1., melting period vacuum tightness.Melting period molten bath from-shallow-to-deep, be very beneficial for the eliminating of gas, objectionable impurities and non-metallic inclusion.Thus melting period will keep long period and higher vacuum tightness to avoid lyotrope to need to vacuumize and anti-filling with inert gas through iterative cycles, decomposes the residual atmosphere of dilution;
2., melting period powers.Rational confession electric energy ensures that furnace charge fully melts and unlikely local produces superheating phenomenon, and furnace charge can melt and degas and be unlikely to splash.So the process need staged of melting period rationally heats, reasonable employment power and soaking time, make slow intensification, and the gas in furnace charge is fully got rid of.
3., melting period splash prevention.Melt too fast, gassiness is many, add material or moltenly can cause splash with addition of material misoperation.Splash can cause furnace charge lose and stick on sidewall of crucible, and serious words can affect and work on, and both can avoid so use will carry out operating procedure in real earnest.If there is splash can take suitable cooling, weaken splash, also can anti-filling with inert gas compacting.
3.3, refining.Refining period is to purify furnace charge deoxidation, degassed, removal impurity adjusting component, adjustment temperature further.Keep higher temperature and higher vacuum tightness to be conducive to the carrying out of various reflection in molten bath, be conducive to the volatilization of detrimental impurity and the decomposition of inclusion.Vacuum induction melting refining time will be determined according to temperature and vacuum tightness, and the removal of impurity also needs iterative cycles to vacuumize to carry out with anti-filling with inert gas.Adjusting component or molten join needs when deoxidation and degassed good carry out.Determine according to the avidity size of alloying element and oxygen and volatilization degree the sequencing that adds and add condition.Often add a kind of element and all answer high-power stirring, to accelerate to melt and to make uniform composition.
3.4, casting process.Casting is the process grade metal alloy casting that refining obtains being become ingot, foundry goods etc., and after arriving suitable teeming temperature, take high-power power transmission to stir, in during casting, power continues power transmission, to make alloying constituent uniformity.
Be summarised as condition of high vacuum degree, high temperature refinery, long melting period, short refining period; Ladder heating, circulation vacuumize anti-filling with inert gas, low temperature adds AL, Ti, and power transmission stirs and charged casting.
By the utility model electromagnetic induction vacuum unit with the performance and application feature for titanium alloy, adopt contactless, the pollution-free and smelting temperature high of melt, have application prospect extremely widely in the titanium-based alloy material field of melting high purity, high-melting-point and high activity.Utilize titanium base alloy uniform composition prepared by the utility model device, segregation-free, the high-purity titanium based compound of multiple practical value again can be formed.
Compared with traditional melting method, titanium base alloy melts the electromagnetic induction vacuum unit Heating temperature of joining and does not limit by crucible material, can reach more than 2000 DEG C; Melt is separated completely with crucible, avoids the pollution that crucible material in fusion process is brought.By the convection action that magnetic agitation produces, at high temperature can also effectively remove the impurity such as the floating oxide compound of bath surface, be very suitable for melting and the synthesis of high purity titanium metallic substance and alloy; Do not need additional whipping device, under electromagnetic force, melt can be stirred fully, is conducive to the component uniformity improving melting material; Interstitial element in titanium alloy obtains the premium properties effectively controlling to keep titanium base alloy gold.
Electromagnetic induction vacuum unit of the present utility model melts according to melting joins and condition please can combine flexibly and made by the suction pouring of levitation melting techniques, rotational casting technology, suction pouring technology, evacuated die-casting process technology.Speed is fast, produces, can produce the titanium alloy casting that wall thickness is less than 1mm without phenomenons such as viscous flow and bubble are involved in.
Claims (9)
1. the electromagnetic induction vacuum unit of joining is melted in a titanium base alloy melting, it is characterized in that, comprise body of heater (11), be provided with water jacketed copper crucible (8) in described body of heater (11), described water jacketed copper crucible (8) below is disposed with sprue cup (9) and casting mold (10);
Described water jacketed copper crucible (8) comprises the arc copper billet (1) that several mutually insulateds are arranged, and is provided with the copper billet gap (2) of not revealing melt between adjacent arc copper billet (1); Described each arc copper billet (1) adopts internal recycle water cooling; Described water jacketed copper crucible (8) arranged outside has electromagnetic induction coil (4), and described electromagnetic induction coil (4) is connected with intermediate frequency power supply input terminus.
2. the electromagnetic induction vacuum unit of joining is melted in a kind of titanium base alloy melting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, cooling trough (21) is had in described each arc copper billet (1), and bottom is provided with water-in and water outlet, the bottom of described each arc copper billet (1) is connected with pedestal, have circulating water channel in described pedestal, and be provided with suction culvert (6) and outlet pipeline (7); The water-in of described each arc copper billet (1) is communicated with suction culvert (6), and water outlet is communicated with outlet pipeline (7); Described suction culvert (6) is connected with cooling water source.
3. the electromagnetic induction vacuum unit of joining is melted in a kind of titanium base alloy melting according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described pedestal comprises the tank plate (12) having circulating water channel; Described tank plate (12) is fixed with tank cover plate (13); Circulating water channel in described tank plate (12) is connected with the cooling trough in each arc copper billet (1) respectively.
4. the electromagnetic induction vacuum unit of joining is melted in a kind of titanium base alloy melting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the copper billet gap (2) between described adjacent arc copper billet (1) is 2-4mm.
5. the electromagnetic induction vacuum unit of joining is melted in a kind of titanium base alloy melting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the quantity of described arc copper billet (1) is 4-20.
6. the electromagnetic induction vacuum unit of joining is melted in a kind of titanium base alloy melting according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that, described electromagnetic induction coil (4) adopts hollow specially shaped copper tube.
7. the electromagnetic induction vacuum unit of joining is melted in a kind of titanium base alloy melting according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, the size of described electromagnetic induction coil (4) meets:
Inductor block internal diameter d1=d2+2 Δ c;
Inductor block height h1=bd1 (b=h1/d1);
Wherein: d1 is inductor block internal diameter, d2 is crucible external diameter, and Δ c is lining thickness, and hl is inductor block height, and b value is 1.0 to 1.2.
8. the electromagnetic induction vacuum unit of joining is melted in a kind of titanium base alloy melting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described arc copper billet (1) adopts semicircle copper billet, or adopts D type abnormity copper billet.
9. the electromagnetic induction vacuum unit of joining is melted in a kind of titanium base alloy melting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described body of heater (11) is also provided with melt and joins charging mechanism (14), switching mechanism (15), power source system interface (16), vacuum system interface (17), anti-filling with inert gas system (18), viewing window (19) and temperature measuring window (20).
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| CN201520819840.0U CN205170955U (en) | 2015-10-21 | 2015-10-21 | Titanium -based alloy smelts electromagnetic induction vacuum apparatus who joins in marriage |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105296774A (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2016-02-03 | 西安奥邦科技有限责任公司 | Electromagnetic induction vacuum device for titanium-based alloy smelting and mix-melting |
| CN109530669A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-03-29 | 钢铁研究总院 | A method of regulation cold-crucible casting TiAl alloy melts the degree of superheat |
-
2015
- 2015-10-21 CN CN201520819840.0U patent/CN205170955U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105296774A (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2016-02-03 | 西安奥邦科技有限责任公司 | Electromagnetic induction vacuum device for titanium-based alloy smelting and mix-melting |
| CN109530669A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-03-29 | 钢铁研究总院 | A method of regulation cold-crucible casting TiAl alloy melts the degree of superheat |
| CN109530669B (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2020-01-07 | 钢铁研究总院 | Method for regulating and controlling melting superheat degree of TiAl alloy poured in water-cooled crucible |
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