CN205160049U - Battery charge and discharge protection circuit - Google Patents
Battery charge and discharge protection circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN205160049U CN205160049U CN201520936000.2U CN201520936000U CN205160049U CN 205160049 U CN205160049 U CN 205160049U CN 201520936000 U CN201520936000 U CN 201520936000U CN 205160049 U CN205160049 U CN 205160049U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a battery charge and discharge protection circuit, including battery, charging circuit, load circuit, overvoltage crowbar and undervoltage protection circuit, overvoltage crowbar includes excessive pressure reference voltage circuit, a comparison circuit, NAND gate and first switch tube, the undervoltage protection circuit includes under -voltage reference voltage circuit, the 2nd comparison circuit, AND gate and second switch pipe, during battery overcharging, the positive pole tension of battery is higher than battery rated voltage for comparison circuit output is high and flat, and then the NAND gate output low level makes the switch tube of winning end, stop charging circuit to the battery continue charge, play the effect of overcharging of preventing, when load circuit consumed battery power excessively, the positive pole tension of battery was less than minimum under -voltage voltage for the 2nd comparison circuit output low level, and then the AND gate output low level makes second switch pipe end, stops load circuit and consumes lasting of battery, plays the under -voltage effect that prevented.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to technical field of circuit design, specifically, relates to a kind of battery charge/discharge protection circuit.
Background technology
In the use of battery, battery is excessively used to make battery undervoltage to the overcharge of battery or load circuit, all can working the mischief to battery, shorten the useful life of battery.
In prior art, use the charge and discharge process of charge-discharge protection circuit to battery of charge and discharge protective chip or simulation to protect, but charge and discharge protective chip price is higher, can increase the manufacturing cost of product; And the reaction speed of the charge-discharge protection circuit of simulation slow, be subject to electromagnetic interference, lower to the protective value of battery.
Summary of the invention
This application provides a kind of battery charge/discharge protection circuit, use the battery charge/discharge protection circuit of digital circuit device composition Digital Logic, realize the low and technique effect of stable performance of cost.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the application is achieved by the following technical solutions:
Propose a kind of battery charge/discharge protection circuit, comprise battery, charging circuit and load circuit, also comprise overvoltage crowbar and under-voltage protecting circuit; Described overvoltage crowbar comprises overvoltage reference voltage circuit, the first comparison circuit, NAND gate and the first switching tube; The voltage output end of described overvoltage reference voltage circuit connects the second input of described first comparison circuit, and the first input end of described first comparison circuit connects the positive pole of described battery; The output of described first comparison circuit connects the first input end of described NAND gate, and the second input of described NAND gate connects the positive pole of described battery, and the output of described NAND gate connects the control end of described first switching tube; The first input end of described first switching tube connects described anode, and the second input of described first switching tube connects the charging end of described charging circuit; Described under-voltage protecting circuit comprise under-voltage reference voltage circuit, the second comparison circuit, with door and second switch pipe; The voltage output end of described under-voltage reference voltage circuit connects the second input of described second comparison circuit, and the first input end of described second comparison circuit connects the positive pole of described battery; The output of described second comparison circuit connects the second input that is described and door, the described positive pole being connected described battery with the first input end of door, the described control end being connected described second switch pipe with the output of door; The first input end of described second switch pipe connects described load circuit, and the second input of described second switch pipe connects described anode.
Further, described overvoltage reference voltage circuit is the bleeder circuit be made up of the first resistance and the second resistance; One end of described first resistance connects power supply, and the other end is connected with described second resistance, the other end ground connection of described second resistance; The link of described first resistance and the second resistance is the output of overvoltage reference voltage circuit; Described under-voltage reference voltage circuit is the bleeder circuit be made up of the 3rd resistance and the 4th resistance; One end of described 3rd resistance connects power supply, and the other end is connected with described 4th resistance, the other end ground connection of described 4th resistance; The link of described 3rd resistance and the 4th resistance is the output of under-voltage reference voltage circuit.
Further, described first comparison circuit and/or described second comparison circuit are digital comparator; The first input end of described first comparison circuit is the in-phase input end of digital comparator, and the second input of described first comparison circuit is the inverting input of digital comparator; The first input end of described second comparison circuit is the in-phase input end of digital comparator, and the second input of described second comparison circuit is the inverting input of digital comparator.
Further, the output of described NAND gate connects the control end of described first switching tube by the first current-limiting resistance; And/or the described output with door is connected the control end of described second switch pipe by the second current-limiting resistance.
Further, described overvoltage crowbar also comprises filter circuit; Described filter circuit comprises filter capacitor and the first pull down resistor; Described filter capacitor and described first pull down resistor all with described cell parallel.
Further, described first switching tube and/or described second switch pipe are NMOS field effect transistor; The control end of described first switching tube is the grid of NMOS field effect transistor, and the first input end of the first switching tube is the source electrode of NMOS field effect transistor, and the second input of described first switching tube is the drain electrode of NMOS field effect transistor; The control end of described second switch pipe is the grid of NMOS field effect transistor, and the first input end of described second switch pipe is the source electrode of NMOS field effect transistor, and the second input of described second switch pipe is the drain electrode of NMOS field effect transistor.
Compared with prior art, advantage and the good effect of the application are: in the embodiment of the present application, adopt the charging process of overvoltage crowbar to battery to protect, avoid overcharging, adopt the consumption process of under-voltage protecting circuit to battery to protect, avoid overload consuming cells; During work, make the output voltage of overvoltage reference voltage circuit identical with battery rated voltage, during battery charging, charging voltage lower than rated voltage, then the first comparison circuit output low level, thus NAND gate export high level, make the first switching tube conducting, realize the charging of charging circuit to battery; If battery overcharges; then the input voltage of the first input end of the first comparison circuit can higher than the output voltage of overvoltage reference circuit; the output of the first comparison circuit is made to export high level; thus NAND gate output low level; make the first switching tube cut-off; disconnect the charging path of charging circuit and battery, stop the charging to battery, thus play and protect battery to avoid the effect overcharged.
For under-voltage protecting circuit, the output voltage of under-voltage reference voltage circuit is made to be minimum under-voltage voltage, battery is that load circuit is when powering, supply power voltage is higher than minimum under-voltage circuit, then the second comparison circuit exports high level, thus export high level with door, make the conducting of second switch pipe, realize the power supply of battery to load circuit; If load circuit consumes the electricity of battery excessively; then the first input end voltage of the second comparison circuit can lower than the minimum under-voltage voltage of the second input; then the second comparison circuit output output low level; thus with door output low level; second switch pipe is ended, disconnects the supply access of battery and load circuit, stop the power supply to load circuit; avoid load circuit consuming excessively battery, thus play protection battery avoid outspent effect.
Here in overvoltage crowbar and under-voltage protecting circuit; what adopt is digital logic device; therefore the battery charge/discharge protection circuit of the embodiment of the present application also possesses the low and stable performance of cost that digital logic device possesses, reaction speed is fast, the advantages such as good in anti-interference performance.
After reading the detailed description of the application's execution mode by reference to the accompanying drawings, other features of the application and advantage will become clearly.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the circuit frame figure of the battery charge/discharge protection circuit that the embodiment of the present application proposes;
Fig. 2 is the specific embodiment circuit diagram of the battery charge/discharge protection circuit that the embodiment of the present application proposes.
Embodiment
Be described in more detail below in conjunction with the embodiment of accompanying drawing to the application.
As shown in Figure 1, be the circuit frame figure of the battery charge/discharge protection circuit that the embodiment of the present application proposes, comprise battery 11, charging circuit 12, load circuit 13, overvoltage crowbar and under-voltage protecting circuit.
Wherein, overvoltage crowbar comprises overvoltage reference voltage circuit 141, first comparison circuit 142, NAND gate U1 and the first switching tube Q1; The voltage output end of overvoltage reference voltage circuit 141 connects the second input of the first comparison circuit 142, and the first input end of the first comparison circuit 142 connects the positive pole of battery 11; The output of the first comparison circuit 142 connects the first input end of NAND gate U1, and second input of NAND gate U1 connects the positive pole of battery 11, and the output of NAND gate U1 connects the control end of the first switching tube Q1; The first input end of the first switching tube Q1 connects battery 11 positive pole, and second input of the first switching tube Q1 connects the charging end of charging circuit 12.
In work, the output voltage V1 of setting overvoltage reference voltage circuit is identical with the rated voltage V of battery, when then battery being charged, be carried in the charging voltage V2 be input as battery of the first comparison circuit first input end, be carried in the rated voltage V being input as battery of the first comparison circuit second input, charging voltage is lower than rated voltage, make the first comparison circuit output low level, thus NAND gate exports high level, high level makes the first switching tube conducting, thus be communicated with charging circuit and battery, make charging circuit be continuously battery charging; After full to battery charged electrical; to battery charging, battery is overcharged if continue; then the input voltage of the first comparison circuit first input end is higher than the rated voltage of battery; then the input voltage of the first comparison circuit first input end is higher than the input voltage of the second input; make the first comparison circuit output low level; thus NAND gate output low level; low level makes the first switching tube cut-off; thus disconnect charging circuit to the charging path of battery; stop charging to the continuation of battery; thus play protection battery, avoid the effect overcharged.
Under-voltage protecting circuit comprise under-voltage reference voltage circuit 151, second comparison circuit 152, with door U3 and second switch pipe Q2; The voltage output end of under-voltage reference voltage circuit 151 connects the second input of the second comparison circuit 152, and the first input end of the second comparison circuit 152 connects the positive pole of battery 11; The output of the second comparison circuit 152 connects the second input with door U3, is connected the positive pole of battery 11, is connected the control end of second switch pipe Q2 with the output of door U3 with the first input end of door U3; The first input end of second switch pipe Q2 connects load circuit 13, and second input of second switch pipe Q2 connects battery 11 positive pole.
In work, the output voltage setting under-voltage reference circuit is minimum under-voltage voltage V3, battery is that load circuit is when powering, supply power voltage is higher than minimum under-voltage voltage, then the first input end voltage of the second comparison circuit is higher than the second input terminal voltage, makes the second comparison circuit export high level, then exports high level with door, make the conducting of second switch pipe, realize the power supply of battery to load circuit, in power supply process, load circuit continues the electric energy of consuming cells, when be depleted to battery power voltage lower than minimum under-voltage voltage V3 after, load circuit consumes the electricity of battery excessively, make the minimum under-voltage voltage that the second comparison circuit first input end input voltage inputs lower than the second input, the then output input low level of the second comparison circuit, then with door output low level, second switch pipe is ended, disconnect battery to the supply access of load circuit, stop the power supply to load circuit, avoid load circuit consuming excessively battery, thus play protection battery avoid outspent effect.
In the battery charge/discharge protection circuit that above-mentioned the embodiment of the present application proposes; all digital logic device is adopted in overvoltage crowbar and under-voltage protecting circuit; then the battery charge/discharge protection circuit of the embodiment of the present application just possesses the low and stable performance of cost that digital logic device possesses, answers speed fast, the advantages such as good in anti-interference performance.
In above-mentioned application embodiment, overvoltage reference voltage circuit and under-voltage reference voltage circuit are used for providing overvoltage reference voltage and under-voltage reference voltage, existing any one the circuit of stable reference voltage can be provided all can to realize, the embodiment of the present application will not limit.
First comparison circuit and the second comparison circuit, export high level or low level for the comparison according to two-way input voltage, any one comparison circuit existing all can realize, and the embodiment of the present application will not limit.
Preferably, overvoltage reference voltage circuit and/or under-voltage reference voltage circuit adopt bleeder circuit; First comparison circuit and/or the second comparison circuit digit preference comparator.
First switching tube and/or second switch pipe, the control signal according to control end controls conducting or cut-off, preferred NMOS field effect transistor.
As shown in Figure 2, the circuit embodiments that of battery charge/discharge protection circuit proposed for the embodiment of the present application is concrete: overvoltage reference voltage circuit 141 is the bleeder circuit be made up of the first resistance R1 and the second resistance R2; One end of first resistance R1 connects power supply VCC, and the other end is connected with the second resistance R2, the other end ground connection of the second resistance R2; The link of the first resistance R1 and the second resistance R2 is the output of overvoltage reference voltage circuit, and output end voltage is V1; Under-voltage reference voltage circuit 151 is the bleeder circuit be made up of the 3rd resistance R3 and the 4th resistance R4; One end of 3rd resistance R3 connects power supply VCC, and the other end is connected with the 4th resistance R4, the other end ground connection of the 4th resistance R4; The link of the 3rd resistance R3 and the 4th resistance R4 is the output of under-voltage reference voltage circuit, and output end voltage is V3.
First comparison circuit 142 and the second comparison circuit 152 are digital comparator U2 and U4; The first input end of the first comparison circuit U2 is the in-phase input end of digital comparator, and second input of the first comparison circuit U2 is the inverting input of digital comparator; The first input end of the second comparison circuit U4 is the in-phase input end of digital comparator, and second input of the second comparison circuit U4 is the inverting input of digital comparator.
The in-phase input end of U2 connects the link of the first resistance R1 and the second resistance R2, sets the resistance of the first resistance and the second resistance, and the voltage that dividing potential drop is exported is identical with the rated voltage V of battery VBAT11, also namely makes V1=V; The inverting input of U2 connects the positive pole of battery VBAT.The in-phase input end of U4 connects the positive pole of battery VBAT, the inverting input of U4 connects the link of the 3rd resistance R3 and the 4th resistance R4, set the resistance of the 3rd resistance and the 4th resistance, the voltage that dividing potential drop is exported is identical with the minimum under-voltage voltage of battery VBAT, also namely makes V3 equal the minimum under-voltage voltage of battery VBAT.
First switching tube Q1 and second switch pipe Q2 is NMOS field effect transistor; The control end of the first switching tube is the grid of NMOS field effect transistor, and the first input end of the first switching tube is the source electrode of NMOS field effect transistor, and the second input of the first switching tube is the drain electrode of NMOS field effect transistor; The control end of second switch pipe is the grid of NMOS field effect transistor, and the first input end of second switch pipe is the source electrode of NMOS field effect transistor, and the second input of second switch pipe is the drain electrode of NMOS field effect transistor.
Overvoltage crowbar also comprises filter circuit; Filter circuit comprises filter capacitor C1 and the first pull down resistor R7; Filter capacitor C1 and the first pull down resistor R7 is in parallel with battery VBAT.
The output of NAND gate U1 connects the control end of the first switching tube Q1 by the first current-limiting resistance R5; The control end of second switch pipe Q2 is connected by the second current-limiting resistance R6 with the output of door U3; The source electrode of second switch pipe be also connected the second pull down resistor R8 between load circuit.
Suppose to start as load circuit is powered after battery VBAT is full of electric energy, the voltage being carried in the in-phase input end of digital comparator U4 is the supply power voltage of battery, the voltage of inverting input is the minimum under-voltage voltage V3 of reference that bleeder circuit exports, supply power voltage, higher than minimum under-voltage voltage, makes digital comparator U4 export high level; The supply power voltage of the high level that digital comparator U4 exports and battery inputs as with two of door U2, make to export high level with door, this high level makes NMOS field effect transistor Q2 conducting, thus connects anode and load circuit, and battery is started as load circuit is powered.
Load circuit continues the electric energy of consuming cells, when be depleted to make the supply power voltage of battery reach minimum under-voltage voltage time, if battery continues as load circuit and powers, then can produce the phenomenon that load circuit consumes battery excessively, battery power voltage can lower than minimum under-voltage voltage, this makes the anti-phase input terminal voltage of digital comparator U4 higher than in-phase input end voltage, output low level; The low level that digital comparator U4 exports and battery power voltage are as after inputting with two of door; make and door output low level; this low level is that NMOS field effect transistor Q2 ends; thus disconnect the path of anode and load circuit; make battery no longer continue as load circuit to power; thus avoid load circuit consuming excessively battery, play protection battery, prevent the effect of battery overvoltage/undervoltage.
Battery stop for load circuit power after start for battery charge, the cathode voltage of the in-phase input end load cell of digital comparator U3, inverting input loads the reference battery rated voltage that bleeder circuit exports, before being full of electric energy, the voltage of anode is lower than the rated voltage of battery, then the anti-phase input terminal voltage of digital comparator U3 is higher than in-phase input end voltage, makes digital comparator U3 output low level; The low level that digital comparator U3 exports and anode voltage are as the input of NAND gate U1, NAND gate is made to export high level, this high level makes NMOS field effect transistor Q1 conducting, thus connects the path of charging circuit and battery, and charging circuit starts as battery charging.Continue to charge to battery electricity full time, the cathode voltage of battery reaches its rated voltage, if continue as battery charging, battery charging voltage can be made higher than its rated voltage, make the in-phase input end voltage of digital comparator U3 higher than anti-phase input terminal voltage, then digital comparator U3 exports high level, and then NAND gate output low level, NMOS field effect transistor Q1 is ended, thus disconnect the path of charging circuit and anode, charging circuit is no longer battery charging, and then avoids the overcharge to battery.
The battery charge/discharge protection circuit that above-mentioned the embodiment of the present application proposes; digital logic device is adopted to build overvoltage crowbar and under-voltage protecting circuit; prevent the overcharge to battery, and consuming excessively battery, play the technique effect of protection battery overcharge and overvoltage/undervoltage.And the low and stable performance of digital logic device cost, reaction speed are fast, good in anti-interference performance; this makes the battery charge/discharge protection circuit of the embodiment of the present application possess, and the low and stable performance of the cost of digital logic device, reaction speed are fast, the advantage of good in anti-interference performance
It should be noted that; above-mentioned explanation is not to restriction of the present utility model; the utility model is also not limited in above-mentioned citing; the change that those skilled in the art make in essential scope of the present utility model, remodeling, interpolation or replacement, also should belong to protection range of the present utility model.
Claims (6)
1. battery charge/discharge protection circuit, comprises battery, charging circuit and load circuit, it is characterized in that, also comprises overvoltage crowbar and under-voltage protecting circuit;
Described overvoltage crowbar comprises overvoltage reference voltage circuit, the first comparison circuit, NAND gate and the first switching tube; The voltage output end of described overvoltage reference voltage circuit connects the second input of described first comparison circuit, and the first input end of described first comparison circuit connects the positive pole of described battery; The output of described first comparison circuit connects the first input end of described NAND gate, and the second input of described NAND gate connects the positive pole of described battery, and the output of described NAND gate connects the control end of described first switching tube; The first input end of described first switching tube connects described anode, and the second input of described first switching tube connects the charging end of described charging circuit;
Described under-voltage protecting circuit comprise under-voltage reference voltage circuit, the second comparison circuit, with door and second switch pipe; The voltage output end of described under-voltage reference voltage circuit connects the second input of described second comparison circuit, and the first input end of described second comparison circuit connects the positive pole of described battery; The output of described second comparison circuit connects the second input that is described and door, the described positive pole being connected described battery with the first input end of door, the described control end being connected described second switch pipe with the output of door; The first input end of described second switch pipe connects described load circuit, and the second input of described second switch pipe connects described anode.
2. battery charge/discharge protection circuit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described overvoltage reference voltage circuit is the bleeder circuit be made up of the first resistance and the second resistance; One end of described first resistance connects power supply, and the other end is connected with described second resistance, the other end ground connection of described second resistance; The link of described first resistance and the second resistance is the output of overvoltage reference voltage circuit;
Described under-voltage reference voltage circuit is the bleeder circuit be made up of the 3rd resistance and the 4th resistance; One end of described 3rd resistance connects power supply, and the other end is connected with described 4th resistance, the other end ground connection of described 4th resistance; The link of described 3rd resistance and the 4th resistance is the output of under-voltage reference voltage circuit.
3. battery charge/discharge protection circuit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described first comparison circuit and/or described second comparison circuit are digital comparator; The first input end of described first comparison circuit is the in-phase input end of digital comparator, and the second input of described first comparison circuit is the inverting input of digital comparator; The first input end of described second comparison circuit is the in-phase input end of digital comparator, and the second input of described second comparison circuit is the inverting input of digital comparator.
4. battery charge/discharge protection circuit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the output of described NAND gate connects the control end of described first switching tube by the first current-limiting resistance; And/or the described output with door is connected the control end of described second switch pipe by the second current-limiting resistance.
5. battery charge/discharge protection circuit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described overvoltage crowbar also comprises filter circuit; Described filter circuit comprises filter capacitor and the first pull down resistor; Described filter capacitor and described first pull down resistor all with described cell parallel.
6. battery charge/discharge protection circuit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described first switching tube and/or described second switch pipe are NMOS field effect transistor; The control end of described first switching tube is the grid of NMOS field effect transistor, and the first input end of the first switching tube is the source electrode of NMOS field effect transistor, and the second input of described first switching tube is the drain electrode of NMOS field effect transistor;
The control end of described second switch pipe is the grid of NMOS field effect transistor, and the first input end of described second switch pipe is the source electrode of NMOS field effect transistor, and the second input of described second switch pipe is the drain electrode of NMOS field effect transistor.
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CN201520936000.2U CN205160049U (en) | 2015-11-23 | 2015-11-23 | Battery charge and discharge protection circuit |
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CN201520936000.2U CN205160049U (en) | 2015-11-23 | 2015-11-23 | Battery charge and discharge protection circuit |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN105305382A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-02-03 | 青岛歌尔声学科技有限公司 | Charge and discharge protective circuit for battery |
CN106712196A (en) * | 2017-01-21 | 2017-05-24 | 合肥惠科金扬科技有限公司 | Charging protection circuit and charger |
CN108123524A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-05 | 成都三朵云科技有限公司 | A kind of power supply circuit and electric power monitoring system |
CN113098112A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-07-09 | 瀚云科技有限公司 | Charge-discharge controller and device |
-
2015
- 2015-11-23 CN CN201520936000.2U patent/CN205160049U/en active Active
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105305382A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-02-03 | 青岛歌尔声学科技有限公司 | Charge and discharge protective circuit for battery |
CN106712196A (en) * | 2017-01-21 | 2017-05-24 | 合肥惠科金扬科技有限公司 | Charging protection circuit and charger |
CN106712196B (en) * | 2017-01-21 | 2023-05-16 | 合肥惠科金扬科技有限公司 | Charging protection circuit and charger |
CN108123524A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-05 | 成都三朵云科技有限公司 | A kind of power supply circuit and electric power monitoring system |
CN113098112A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-07-09 | 瀚云科技有限公司 | Charge-discharge controller and device |
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