CN205115620U - Plain positive pole of quick electrically conductive gradient charcoal - Google Patents
Plain positive pole of quick electrically conductive gradient charcoal Download PDFInfo
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- CN205115620U CN205115620U CN201520760353.1U CN201520760353U CN205115620U CN 205115620 U CN205115620 U CN 205115620U CN 201520760353 U CN201520760353 U CN 201520760353U CN 205115620 U CN205115620 U CN 205115620U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a plain positive pole of quick electrically conductive gradient charcoal and preparation method, belong to aluminium cell positive pole preparation technical field. The utility model discloses a plain positive pole of charcoal includes 3, half graphite matter charcoal piece 4 of ordinary charcoal piece, full graphitization charcoal piece 5, half graphite matter charcoal piece 4 is located ordinary charcoal piece 3 and full graphitization charcoal piece between 5, the degree of graphitization of half graphite matter charcoal piece 4 is 40 -50%. The utility model discloses a when the plain positive pole of charcoal uses in the aluminium cell, can shorten because the on -conductive cycle of the interior long period of electrolysis trough that the positive pole pole change brought by a wide margin. The utility model discloses preparation technology is simple, industrialized application is convenient for in the practicality.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of Quick conductive gradient carbon anode; Belong to aluminium cell anode preparing technical field.
Background technology
In prebaked cell for aluminum-reduction, the life cycle of anode is 28 ~ 31d, when anode reaches life cycle, anode scrap thickness is about 15 ~ 17cm, if continue to use, anode steel jaw melting phenomenon will occur, therefore, need, according to prebaked anode structure design and assembling situation, under the certain anode scrap altitudes of maintenance, to change anode in time, thus ensure that the normal table of aluminium cell runs.Temperature field is had, material field and electromagnetic field in aluminium cell.The replacing of anode all has certain influence to " three ", but it has the greatest impact is temperature field.The aluminium cell that normal table runs is in thermal equilibrium state.Before change poles, the aluminium cell of normal operation remains relative energy balance, anode part temperature in immersion ionogen and electrolyte temperature are identical, the temperature of anode upper part also up to 600 ~ 700 DEG C when extracting during high temperature anode scrap is by electrolyzer, anode scrap can take away a part of heat from ionogen on the one hand; On the other hand, the position of extracting anode there will be certain space, and also can scatter and disappear a part of heat, because need the regular hour from extracting groove anode to new anode; In addition, when the new anode of room temperature to be installed on electrolyzer and to immerse in ionogen, due to the temperature difference huge therebetween, new anode also can absorb a large amount of heats from ionogen, till reaching new thermal equilibrium at the two interface.Therefore, in fact change poles process is exactly thermal equilibrium, and---destroying thermal equilibrium---sets up new thermally equilibrated process.
Usually, change poles about continues 24h to the impact of electrolyzer.In the meantime, the anode newly changed immerses ionogen part and is progressively heated by ionogen by room temperature, about 24h after change poles, and temperature of anode is basic suitable with electrolyte temperature.The new anode just having changed to electrolyzer is almost nonconducting, this is because at this moment there is the huge temperature difference between anode and ionogen, immerse in an instant electrolytical at anode, the ionogen contacted with anode bottom runs into Quench suddenly, one deck ionogen scull is formed on anode bottom surface, this one deck scull by liquid electrolyte and anode completely isolated, thus make to lose electric action with the anode carbon block of conductive carbon material manufacture.In addition, while anode bottom surface forms ionogen scull, due to heat conducting effect, the heat that the ionogen of contiguous anode bottom part loses wants fast many away from anode place relatively, thus electrolytical viscosity near anode is increased.And the increase of electrolyte viscosity, also make anodic gas not easily discharge, breeze is separated unclear, adds electrolytical resistivity, causes this partial electrolyte electroconductibility to decline.
Therefore, for the non-conduction period how shortening the long period in the electrolyzer that brings due to anode change poles, not only realize energy-saving and cost-reducing good development for electrolysis of aluminum industry significant, be also realize electrolyzer " three " to stablize simultaneously, the basis of groove condition operational excellence.About improving the impact of change poles temperature on groove condition, the way taked at present has enforcement anode preheating, as utilized electrolyzer fume afterheat, preheating is carried out to prebaked anode, but there is no the report of successful Application at home, and utilize the high temperature anode scrap antianode changed to carry out preheating, relevant to this technology only has a utility model patent, " preheating exchanging device of anode blocks " by name, Granted publication is CN201347457Y, in this technology implementation process, need to build a series of middle high-temperature flue gas pipeline, and rotproofing to be carried out to pipeline, and to build separately between anode preheating, not only investment is large, and running cost is high.Therefore, do not increase too much investment prerequisite under, anode Quick conductive after change poles, shortens non-conduction period and plays a key effect to the realization that aluminum electrolysis bath energy-saving lowers consumption.
Utility model content
The weak point that the utility model exists for existing aluminium cell anode, provides a kind of Quick conductive gradient carbon anode and preparation method thereof.
A kind of Quick conductive gradient of the utility model carbon anode, comprising: common charcoal block (3), semi-graphite charcoal block (4), full Graphitized carbon blocks (5); Described semi-graphite charcoal block (4) is positioned between common charcoal block (3) and full Graphitized carbon blocks (5), and the degree of graphitization of described semi-graphite charcoal block (4) is 40-50%.
A kind of Quick conductive gradient of the utility model carbon anode, comprising: aluminium guide bar (1), anode steel jaw (2), common charcoal block (3), semi-graphite charcoal block (4), full Graphitized carbon blocks (5); The top of described anode steel jaw (2) is connected with aluminium guide bar (1), the bottom of anode steel jaw (2) is connected with the top of the common charcoal block (3) of aluminium guide bar, and the bottom of common charcoal block (3) is connected with the top of semi-graphite charcoal block (4); The bottom of described semi-graphite charcoal block (4) is connected with full Graphitized carbon blocks (5).
A kind of Quick conductive gradient of the utility model carbon anode, the ratio of the thickness of described full Graphitized carbon blocks (5), semi-graphite charcoal block (4), common charcoal block (3) is, full Graphitized carbon blocks (5): semi-graphite charcoal block (4): common charcoal block (3)=1-2:1-2:2-6; Be preferably 1:1:2-1:1:3.Namely full Graphitized carbon blocks (5), semi-graphite charcoal block (4) are 1-2:1-2:2-6 with the mass ratio of common charcoal block (3), are preferably 1:1:2-1:1:3.
A kind of Quick conductive gradient of the utility model carbon anode, the thickness of described full Graphitized carbon blocks (5) adjusts according to the size of electrolyzer during practical application.
A kind of Quick conductive gradient carbon anode designed by the utility model; Its preparation method is: with full graphitized charcoal particle, semi-graphite charcoal particle, common charcoal particle for raw material, first full graphitized charcoal particle, semi-graphite charcoal particle, common charcoal particle are added in bobbing machine successively by the amount of design, after vibration, obtain described carbon anode; When adding full graphitized charcoal particle, semi-graphite charcoal particle, common charcoal particle successively, equal proportion adds caking agent, and the mass ratio of described caking agent and raw material is 3-4:16-17.。Described in the utility model, equal proportion adds caking agent and refers to, suppose that the mass ratio of described caking agent and raw material is selected from A:B, and when graphitized charcoal particle accounts for the C% of raw material total mass entirely, when adding full graphitized charcoal particle so again, add the quality of caking agent for (A × raw materials quality/B) × C%; The like, can calculate when adding semi-graphite charcoal particle, the consumption of the caking agent that equal proportion adds; In like manner also can calculate when adding common charcoal particle, the consumption of the caking agent that equal proportion adds.
A kind of Quick conductive gradient carbon anode designed by the utility model; In its preparation method, the mass ratio of full graphitized charcoal particle, semi-graphite charcoal particle, common charcoal particle is 1-2:1-2:2-6, is preferably 1:1:2-1:1:3.
A kind of Quick conductive gradient carbon anode designed by the utility model; In its preparation method, described caking agent is selected from the one in modified pitch, mid-temperature pitch, hard pitch, is preferably modified pitch.
Wherein full graphitized charcoal particle, semi-graphite charcoal particle, common charcoal particle are more in small, broken bits better, and particle diameter is less than 12mm.
A kind of Quick conductive gradient carbon anode designed by the utility model; In its preparation method, the frequency of vibration is 50-55Hz.
A kind of Quick conductive gradient carbon anode designed by the utility model; In its preparation method, described full graphitized charcoal particle is prepared by following step:
Step one
In mass ratio, after-smithing petroleum coke: modified pitch=7-8:2-3, joins and gets after after-smithing petroleum coke and modified pitch mix, carry out roasting 20-40 hour in 1100-1200 DEG C; Obtain product of roasting first;
Step 2
Impregnated in modified pitch by step with gained product of roasting, flood after 3-4 hour, take out and carry out second time roasting, the temperature of second time roasting is 700-800 DEG C, the time is 3-4 hour, atmosphere is protective atmosphere; During dipping, control pressure is 1.4-1.6MPa; Obtain second time product of roasting;
Step 3
Step 2 gained second time product of roasting is placed in graphitizing furnace, in 2600-3000 DEG C and carries out graphitization processing until after the complete greying of second time product of roasting, carry out fragmentation, obtain full graphitized charcoal particle.
A kind of Quick conductive gradient carbon anode designed by the utility model; In its preparation method, described semi-graphite charcoal particle is prepared by following step:
In mass ratio, solid carbon source: modified pitch=8-9:1-2, joins and gets after solid and modified pitch mix, carry out roasting 20-40 hour in 1000-1200 DEG C; Obtain semi-graphite charcoal particle; Described solid carbon source be selected from refinery coke, pitch coke, anode scrap, raw broken and roasting broken at least one; Be preferably after-smithing petroleum coke, semi-graphite refinery coke, at least one in broken artificial graphite; More preferably after-smithing petroleum coke.
A kind of Quick conductive gradient carbon anode designed by the utility model; In its preparation method, described common charcoal particle can adopt existing carbon annode preparation method to be prepared; Also following method can be adopted to prepare:
Anode body in mass ratio: binding agent=82-86:14-18, joins after getting anode body and binding agent and mixes, dry, broken, obtains described common charcoal particle; Described anode body be selected from after-smithing petroleum coke, pitch coke, anode scrap, raw broken and roasting broken at least one; Described anode body comprises by mass percentage:
Coarse particles material 14-20%,
Middle particulate material 8-10%,
Fine particle material 45-54%,
Powder 22-25%;
The particle diameter of described coarse particles material is 6-12mm, and the particle diameter of middle particulate material is 3-6mm, and the particle diameter of fine particle material is less than 3mm, and the particle diameter of powder is less than or equal to 0.074mm.
Functionally gradient carbon anode of the present utility model is consistent with normal carbon anode in the configuration of steel pawl, change poles operation etc.
Principle and advantage
A kind of Quick conductive gradient of the utility model carbon anode, this carbon anode adopts gradient-structure to arrange, charcoal block orlop to be made up of etc. Graphitized carbon blocks, semi-graphite charcoal block and common charcoal block successively to the superiors and to form, define anode carbon block from the bottom to top, electroconductibility, thermal conductivity are successively decreased successively, after guaranteeing anode change poles, the face that charcoal block contacts with ionogen can Quick conductive, shortens non-conduction period.
This gradient anode is compared with common carbon anode, due to the conduction of graphite, the increase of heat conductivility, therefore significantly non-conduction period can be shortened after anode change poles, thus loss and the energy expenditure of electrolytic cell currents efficiency is decreased as much as possible, and improve electrolyzer operation condition, thus realize energy-saving and cost-reducing.The utility model processing does not need to make larger change to current anodic process, is easy to realize.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Accompanying drawing 1 is carbon anode structural representation of the present utility model;
Accompanying drawing 2 is the artwork that embodiment 1 produces carbon anode production.
In Fig. 1,1 is aluminium guide bar, and 2 is anode steel jaw, and 3 is common charcoal block, and 4 is semi-graphite charcoal block, and 5 is full Graphitized carbon blocks.
As can be seen from Figure 2 embodiment prepares the technical process of carbon anode;
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
By the structure designed by Fig. 1, operate by the flow process designed by Fig. 2:
Its concrete operations comprise the independent processing of full Graphitized carbon blocks material 5 bottom anode, the independent processing of middle layer semi-graphite charcoal block material 4, the most common charcoal block material 3 of full Graphitized carbon blocks material, semi-graphite charcoal block material and the superiors joins successively and vibrates in unit, be processed into complete anode (vibrational frequency is 50Hz) through high-frequency vibration, then combine assemble with anode steel jaw 2, anode rod 1.Wherein the preparation method of full graphitized charcoal particle, comprises step: the step such as raw material crushing, batching, kneading, cool material, vibratory compaction, roasting, dipping, re-baking, greying, fragmentation.The preparation method of semi-graphite charcoal particle comprises pulverizing, screening, batching, kneading, vibratory compaction, roasting, fragmentation.
In the present embodiment, preparing full graphitized charcoal particle raw materials used is after-smithing petroleum coke, and caking agent is modified pitch; With after-smithing petroleum coke and modified pitch sum for absolutely, then the quality that the quality of after-smithing petroleum coke accounts for 75% modified pitch of after-smithing petroleum coke and modified pitch quality sum accounts for 25% of after-smithing petroleum coke and modified pitch quality sum;
Its preparation method is:
1) get refinery coke, then through disintegrating apparatus, fragmentation is carried out to after-smithing petroleum coke;
2) after-smithing petroleum coke after fragmentation carries out sieving " by size composition screening ";
3) prepare burden: by its proportioning raw materials, binding agent, after-smithing petroleum coke are fully stirred evenly and puts into kneading pot;
4) kneading: utilize kneading pot kneading;
5) cool material: the binding agent after kneading, after-smithing petroleum coke mixture use cooler to carry out cool material, wherein go out to stick with paste temperature and are about 150-160 DEG C;
6) vibratory compaction: described binding agent, after-smithing petroleum coke mixing paste are put into and vacuumized vibrating forming machine vibratory compaction, time of vibration 50-70 second, its vibrational frequency are 50Hz;
7) roasting: at holding stage, temperature reaches 1150 DEG C, and soaking time is 30 hours;
8) flood: in high-pressure impregnation tank, adding additives: pressure is 1.5MPa, keeps 3.5 hours, fill nitrogen;
9) re-baking: at holding stage, temperature reaches 750 DEG C, and soaking time is 15 hours;
10) greying: complete in graphitizing furnace, thermal treatment temp 2800 DEG C, electric power feeding time 32 hours.
11) graphitized carbon block is broken into again the suitable charcoal block in small, broken bits of particle diameter, obtains the particle that granularity is 10-12mm, be required full graphitized carbon particle.
In the present embodiment, prepare semi-graphite charcoal particle solid carbon source used and be chosen as after-smithing petroleum coke, semi-graphite refinery coke, broken artificial graphite; Caking agent is modified pitch; With solid carbon source and modified pitch sum for absolutely, then the quality of solid carbon source accounts for solid carbon source and 85% of modified pitch quality sum, the quality of modified pitch accounts for solid carbon source and modified pitch quality sum 15%;
Join and get after solid and modified pitch mix, carry out kneading in 150-180 DEG C; Then, after shaping at 130-150 DEG C, roasting 20-40 hour is carried out at 1200 DEG C; After cooling, crushing and screening obtains semi-graphite charcoal particle, and the granularity of semi-graphite charcoal particle is less than 12mm.
The production technique of common anode charcoal particle comprises the preparation, calcining, crushing and screening, batching, kneading and compacting, roasting etc. of raw material.Wherein anode material comprises anode body component (also known as aggregate) and binding agent two parts.Host component comprises after-smithing petroleum coke, anode scrap, raw broken, and binding agent is modified pitch.The total mass of main part and caking agent is counted absolutely, then after-smithing petroleum coke 50%, anode scrap 30%, raw broken 6%, binder pitch 14%.
Anode body comprises by mass percentage:
Coarse particles material 20%,
Middle particulate material 10%,
Fine particle material 45%,
Powder 25%;
The particle diameter of described coarse particles material is 6-12mm, and the particle diameter of middle particulate material is 3-6mm, and the particle diameter of fine particle material is less than 3mm, and the particle diameter of powder is less than or equal to 0.074mm.
Above-mentioned obtained full graphitized charcoal particle, semi-graphite charcoal particle, common charcoal particle are added in bobbing machine successively by the amount of design, after vibration (its frequency is 50Hz), obtains described carbon anode; When adding full graphitized charcoal particle, semi-graphite charcoal particle, common charcoal particle successively, equal proportion adds caking agent, and the mass ratio of described caking agent and raw material is 4:16.Described in the utility model, equal proportion adds caking agent and refers to, suppose that the mass ratio of described caking agent and raw material is selected from A:B, and when graphitized charcoal particle accounts for the C% of raw material total mass entirely, when adding full graphitized charcoal particle so again, add the quality of caking agent for (A × raw materials quality/B) × C%; The like, can calculate when adding semi-graphite charcoal particle, the consumption of the caking agent that equal proportion adds; In like manner also can calculate when adding common charcoal particle, the consumption of the caking agent that equal proportion adds.
In the present embodiment, full graphitized charcoal particle, semi-graphite charcoal particle, volume ratio shared by common charcoal particle are 1:1:2.
Specifically being of a size of of the prepared carbon anode of this enforcement: the thickness of common charcoal block be 310mm, long for 1600mm, wide be 700mm, the thickness of semi-graphite charcoal block be 155mm, long for 1600mm, wide for 700mm, full Graphitized carbon blocks thickness to be thickness be 155mm, long for 1600mm, wide be 700mm; Use it for 500KA (model of electrolyzer) when preparing electrolytic aluminum, change poles about continues 10-15 hour to the impact of electrolyzer.Compared with existing 24 hours, it substantially reduces the time length of impact.
The anode carbon block performance comparison processed is in table 2, and electroconductibility, the thermal conductivity of visible semi-graphite anode carbon block and Graphitized carbon blocks are significantly improved compared with common anode charcoal block.
The up-to-date quality of prebaked anode standard (YST285-2007) of table 1 China
Table 2 anode carbon block performance comparison
Claims (3)
1. a Quick conductive gradient carbon anode, is characterized in that: comprise common charcoal block (3), semi-graphite charcoal block (4), full Graphitized carbon blocks (5); Described semi-graphite charcoal block (4) is positioned between common charcoal block (3) and full Graphitized carbon blocks (5), and the degree of graphitization of described semi-graphite charcoal block (4) is 40-50%.
2. a kind of Quick conductive gradient carbon anode according to claim 1, also comprise aluminium guide bar (1), anode steel jaw (2), it is characterized in that: the top of described anode steel jaw (2) is connected with aluminium guide bar (1), the bottom of anode steel jaw (2) is connected with the top of the common charcoal block (3) of aluminium guide bar, and the bottom of common charcoal block (3) is connected with the top of semi-graphite charcoal block (4); The bottom of described semi-graphite charcoal block (4) is connected with full Graphitized carbon blocks (5).
3. a kind of Quick conductive gradient carbon anode according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the ratio of the thickness of described full Graphitized carbon blocks (5), semi-graphite charcoal block (4), common charcoal block (3) is, full Graphitized carbon blocks (5): semi-graphite charcoal block (4): common charcoal block (3)=1:1:2-1:1:3.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201520760353.1U CN205115620U (en) | 2015-09-29 | 2015-09-29 | Plain positive pole of quick electrically conductive gradient charcoal |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201520760353.1U CN205115620U (en) | 2015-09-29 | 2015-09-29 | Plain positive pole of quick electrically conductive gradient charcoal |
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| CN205115620U true CN205115620U (en) | 2016-03-30 |
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| CN201520760353.1U Withdrawn - After Issue CN205115620U (en) | 2015-09-29 | 2015-09-29 | Plain positive pole of quick electrically conductive gradient charcoal |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105112941A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2015-12-02 | 中南大学 | Quick conductive gradient carbon anode and method for manufacturing same |
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- 2015-09-29 CN CN201520760353.1U patent/CN205115620U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105112941A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2015-12-02 | 中南大学 | Quick conductive gradient carbon anode and method for manufacturing same |
| CN105112941B (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2017-07-04 | 中南大学 | A kind of Quick conductive gradient carbon anode and preparation method thereof |
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| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20160330 Effective date of abandoning: 20170704 |
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| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |