CN205104903U - Non - contravariant type light stores up little electric wire netting of direct current system for modern architecture - Google Patents
Non - contravariant type light stores up little electric wire netting of direct current system for modern architecture Download PDFInfo
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- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种应用于现代建筑的非逆变型光储直流微电网系统,它包括直流母线、光伏发电单元、储能单元、市电供电单元、能量管理单元和负载,光伏发电单元通过单向DC/DC整流模块与直流母线相连,市电供电单元通过单向AC/DC整流模块与直流母线相连,储能单元通过双向DC/DC变换模块与直流母线相连,能量管理单元包括主控模块和运行监测模块,运行监测模块与主控模块通信连接并能将其采集、分析获得的数据上传至主控模块,主控模块根据该数据按照设定的供电逻辑运行并保持母线电压的稳定。它具有如下优点:保证了微电网内部电能的质量,避免了波动较大的电能回馈到上级市电配电网中,给上级市电配电网的电压调节、功率调节以及孤岛检测带来新的问题。
The utility model discloses a non-inverting optical storage DC micro-grid system applied to modern buildings, which includes a DC bus, a photovoltaic power generation unit, an energy storage unit, a mains power supply unit, an energy management unit and a load, and a photovoltaic power generation unit The mains power supply unit is connected to the DC bus through a one-way DC/DC rectifier module, the energy storage unit is connected to the DC bus through a two-way DC/DC conversion module, and the energy management unit includes the main The operation monitoring module communicates with the main control module and can upload the data collected and analyzed to the main control module. The main control module operates according to the set power supply logic according to the data and maintains the bus voltage. Stablize. It has the following advantages: it ensures the quality of the internal power of the microgrid, avoids the feedback of large-scale electric energy to the upper-level mains distribution network, and brings new technologies to the voltage regulation, power regulation and island detection of the upper-level mains distribution network. The problem.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本实用新型涉及微电网系统,尤其涉及一种应用于现代建筑的非逆变型光储直流微电网系统。 The utility model relates to a micro-grid system, in particular to a non-inverting light-storage DC micro-grid system applied to modern buildings.
背景技术 Background technique
随着国民经济的快速增长,电力需求增长迅速,很长一段时间以来电力部门都主要以建设大型的发电厂、超高压远距离输电线路作为解决方案,但是其投资大、建设周期长、环境污染等弊端也日益凸显。同时,近年来几次大规模停电的事故也让人们意识到集中式供电系统的脆弱性。分布式发电技术(distributedgeneration,DG)正是在这种情况下应运而生。 With the rapid growth of the national economy, the demand for electricity has grown rapidly. For a long time, the power sector has mainly used the construction of large-scale power plants and ultra-high voltage long-distance transmission lines as solutions, but the investment is large, the construction period is long, and environmental pollution And other disadvantages are also increasingly prominent. At the same time, several large-scale power outages in recent years have also made people aware of the vulnerability of centralized power supply systems. Distributed generation technology (distributedgeneration, DG) came into being under such circumstances.
分布式发电技术(DG)具有灵活、小型、分散、靠近用户侧等特点,可以有效地提高用户用电可靠性和减少输电损耗。但是分布式发电技术有电压不稳、功率波动大等弊端,会对上级电网的安全和调峰产生严重的影响。微电网技术很好地解决了分布式发电技术和大电网的矛盾。微电网是指将微型电源、负荷和储能装置结合在一起的电网形式,它作为一个独立的整体,可以并网运行,也可以孤岛模式运行。 Distributed generation technology (DG) has the characteristics of flexibility, small size, decentralization, and close to the user side, which can effectively improve the reliability of power consumption and reduce transmission loss. However, distributed power generation technology has disadvantages such as voltage instability and large power fluctuations, which will have a serious impact on the safety and peak regulation of the upper-level power grid. Micro-grid technology solves the contradiction between distributed power generation technology and large power grid. Microgrid refers to a grid form that combines micro power sources, loads and energy storage devices. As an independent whole, it can be connected to the grid or run in island mode.
将光伏、储能以及负荷结合在一起,被称为光储微电网,而光伏材料的特殊性使得光储微电网可以很好地应用在现代建筑中。针对现代建筑中越来越多的直流负荷,如直流照明、直流空调、直流冰箱、直流充电桩等等,光储微电网采用直流母线传输形式比交流母线有更好的电能质量、更少的电能损耗等优点。随着直流家电等技术的推广和光伏发电技术的大规模应用,光储直流微电网有着广阔的发展空间。 Combining photovoltaics, energy storage, and loads is called a solar-storage microgrid, and the particularity of photovoltaic materials makes it possible for the solar-storage microgrid to be well applied in modern buildings. For more and more DC loads in modern buildings, such as DC lighting, DC air conditioners, DC refrigerators, DC charging piles, etc., the optical storage microgrid adopts the DC bus transmission form to have better power quality and less power than the AC bus. loss and other advantages. With the promotion of technologies such as DC home appliances and the large-scale application of photovoltaic power generation technology, there is a broad space for development of solar-storage DC microgrids.
直流微电网运行方式主要有并网运行和孤岛运行。传统的并网运行是指微网通过市电整流从大电网吸收功率又通过逆变环节向大电网输送功率,这种方式可以很好地保证微网中负载的用电可靠性以及微电网电能质量,但是在逆变运行形式下直流微电网会对上级配电网带来较大冲击,根本上改变了配电网络的单向潮流,会有电压调节、功率波动、非计划孤岛等新问题。而孤岛运行方式是指微电网依靠内部的微电源和储能系统独立给内部负荷供电,与上级电网没有公共连接点,这种运行方式对于供电可靠性要求很高,所以需要大规模储能系统,而且其长期充放电会减少储能系统寿命,在考虑储能系统经济性的情况下,孤岛运行的直流微电网还得不到广泛应用。 The operation modes of DC microgrid mainly include grid-connected operation and island operation. The traditional grid-connected operation means that the microgrid absorbs power from the large grid through the rectification of the mains and transmits power to the large grid through the inverter link. This method can well ensure the reliability of the load in the microgrid and the power of the microgrid. quality, but in the form of inverter operation, the DC microgrid will have a greater impact on the upper-level distribution network, fundamentally changing the one-way power flow of the distribution network, and there will be new problems such as voltage regulation, power fluctuations, and unplanned islands . The island operation mode means that the microgrid relies on the internal micro power supply and energy storage system to supply power to the internal load independently, and has no common connection point with the upper power grid. This operation mode has high requirements for power supply reliability, so a large-scale energy storage system is required , and its long-term charging and discharging will reduce the life of the energy storage system. Considering the economics of the energy storage system, the DC microgrid operating in an isolated island has not been widely used.
实用新型内容 Utility model content
本实用新型提供了一种应用于现代建筑的非逆变型光储直流微电网系统,其克服了背景技术中所述的现有技术的不足。 The utility model provides a non-inversion type light-storage DC micro-grid system applied to modern buildings, which overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art described in the background art.
本实用新型解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是: The technical scheme that the utility model solves its technical problem adopts is:
一种应用于现代建筑的非逆变型光储直流微电网系统,它包括直流母线、光伏发电单元、储能单元、市电供电单元、能量管理单元和负载,所述光伏发电单元通过单向DC/DC整流模块与直流母线相连,所述市电供电单元通过单向AC/DC整流模块与直流母线相连,所述储能单元通过双向DC/DC变换模块与直流母线相连,所述能量管理单元包括主控模块和设于该微电网系统的各单元中并对各单元的运行状态进行监测的运行监测模块,所述运行监测模块与主控模块通信连接并能将其采集、分析获得的数据上传至主控模块,所述主控模块根据该数据控制所述光伏发电单元、储能单元和市电供电单元按照设定的供电逻辑运行并保持母线电压的稳定。 A non-inverting solar-storage DC micro-grid system applied to modern buildings, which includes a DC bus, a photovoltaic power generation unit, an energy storage unit, a mains power supply unit, an energy management unit, and a load. The photovoltaic power generation unit passes through a one-way The DC/DC rectifier module is connected to the DC bus, the mains power supply unit is connected to the DC bus through a unidirectional AC/DC rectifier module, the energy storage unit is connected to the DC bus through a bidirectional DC/DC conversion module, and the energy management The unit includes a main control module and an operation monitoring module that is installed in each unit of the microgrid system and monitors the operating status of each unit. The operation monitoring module communicates with the main control module and can collect and analyze the obtained The data is uploaded to the main control module, and the main control module controls the photovoltaic power generation unit, the energy storage unit and the mains power supply unit to operate according to the set power supply logic and maintain the stability of the bus voltage according to the data.
一实施例之中:所述储能单元包括铅酸蓄电池。 In one embodiment: the energy storage unit includes a lead-acid battery.
一实施例之中:所述负载包括直流负载,所述直流母线能够直接与直流负载相连或者通过单向DC/DC变换模块与直流负载相连。 In an embodiment: the load includes a DC load, and the DC bus can be directly connected to the DC load or connected to the DC load through a unidirectional DC/DC conversion module.
一实施例之中:所述负载包括交流负载,所述直流母线通过单向DC/AC变换模块与交流负载相连。 In an embodiment: the load includes an AC load, and the DC bus is connected to the AC load through a unidirectional DC/AC conversion module.
一实施例之中:所述能量管理单元还包括用于对直流母线及各单元的对地状态进行监测的绝缘监测模块,该绝缘监测模块与所述主控模块通信连接。 In an embodiment, the energy management unit further includes an insulation monitoring module for monitoring the grounding status of the DC bus and each unit, and the insulation monitoring module is connected to the main control module by communication.
一实施例之中:所述直流母线的额度电压为380V。 In one embodiment: the rated voltage of the DC bus is 380V.
一实施例之中:所述直流负载包括直流充电桩、直流变频空调、直流照明、直流配电接口、直流冰箱。 In an embodiment: the DC load includes a DC charging pile, a DC inverter air conditioner, a DC lighting, a DC power distribution interface, and a DC refrigerator.
一实施例之中:所述交流负载包括交流充电桩、交流配电箱。 In an embodiment: the AC load includes an AC charging pile and an AC distribution box.
本技术方案与背景技术相比,它具有如下优点: Compared with the background technology, this technical solution has the following advantages:
1、所述非逆变型光储直流微电网系统采用非逆变形式与上级市电单元连接,即市电仅通过单向AC/DC转换模块(整流变换器)与直流母线相连,该AC/DC变换器不具有逆变功能,不能将多余电回馈给市电。整个系统中,市电作为一个能量的″输送者″,而不是作为能量的″接收者″。这种设计一方面保证了相对独立的微电网内部能量供应和较高的电能质量,另一方面避免了波动较大的电能回馈到上级市电配电网中,给上级市电配电网的电压调节、功率调节以及孤岛检测带来新的问题。 1. The non-inverting solar-storage DC microgrid system is connected to the upper-level mains unit in a non-inverting form, that is, the mains is only connected to the DC bus through a unidirectional AC/DC conversion module (rectifier converter), and the AC The /DC converter does not have an inverter function and cannot feed back excess electricity to the mains. In the whole system, the utility power acts as an energy "transmitter" rather than a "receiver" of energy. On the one hand, this design ensures a relatively independent internal energy supply and high power quality of the microgrid, and on the other hand, it avoids the feedback of large-scale electric energy to the upper-level mains power distribution network, and contributes to the upper-level mains power distribution network. Voltage regulation, power regulation, and islanding detection introduce new problems.
2、所述非逆变型光储直流微电网系统内部采用直流母线供电形式,将光伏发电单元、市电供电单元和负载连接起来,不同于传统微电网内部采用交流母线连接,需要逆变环节给直流负载供电,简化微电网供电线路,避免逆变转换带来的能量损耗。 2. The non-inverting solar-storage DC microgrid system adopts the DC bus power supply form inside, and connects the photovoltaic power generation unit, the mains power supply unit and the load, which is different from the AC bus connection used in the traditional microgrid, which requires an inverter link Supply power to DC loads, simplify microgrid power supply lines, and avoid energy loss caused by inverter conversion.
附图说明 Description of drawings
下面结合附图和实施例对本实用新型作进一步说明。 Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described.
图1绘示了本实用新型所述的一种应用于现代建筑的非逆变型光储直流微电网系统的系统示意图。 Fig. 1 shows a system schematic diagram of a non-inverting solar-storage DC microgrid system applied to modern buildings described in the present invention.
具体实施方式 detailed description
请查阅图1,一种应用于现代建筑的非逆变型光储直流微电网系统,它包括直流母线10、光伏发电单元20、储能单元30、市电供电单元40、能量管理单元50和负载。 Please refer to Figure 1, a non-inverting solar-storage DC microgrid system applied to modern buildings, which includes a DC bus 10, a photovoltaic power generation unit 20, an energy storage unit 30, a mains power supply unit 40, an energy management unit 50 and load.
本实施例中,直流母线10的额度电压为380V。光伏发电单元20通过单向DC/DC整流模块1与直流母线10相连,将其产生的不稳定的高压直流电(在300-700V的波动范围之间)转换成稳定的380V左右的稳定直流电。该单向DC/DC整流模块1带有MPPT控制器。市电供电单元40通过单向AC/DC整流模块2与直流母线10相连,将220V的交流市电经过整流变换成380V左右的稳定直流电,储能单元30通过双向DC/DC变换模块3与直流母线10相连,实现储能单元30与直流母线10之间的功率双向流动。本实施例中,所述储能单元30可以采用铅酸蓄电池。 In this embodiment, the rated voltage of the DC bus 10 is 380V. The photovoltaic power generation unit 20 is connected to the DC bus 10 through the unidirectional DC/DC rectifier module 1, and converts the unstable high-voltage direct current (in the fluctuation range of 300-700V) generated by it into a stable stable direct current of about 380V. The unidirectional DC/DC rectifier module 1 has an MPPT controller. The mains power supply unit 40 is connected to the DC bus 10 through the unidirectional AC/DC rectification module 2, and rectifies and converts the 220V AC mains power into a stable DC power of about 380V. The bus bars 10 are connected to realize bidirectional power flow between the energy storage unit 30 and the DC bus bar 10 . In this embodiment, the energy storage unit 30 may be a lead-acid battery.
所述负载包括直流负载,本实施例中的直流母线10波动范围为±5%,及电压值范围为360V-400V之间,直流母线10能够直接与直流负载相连,可以给额定电压为380V的直流空调61、直流充电桩62等直接供电,或者通过单向DC/DC变换模块4与直流负载相连,可以给额定电压为24V(根据需要设定)的直流冰箱63、直流LED照明64、直流配电接口以及其他众多电子设备等供电。 The load includes a DC load. The fluctuation range of the DC bus 10 in this embodiment is ±5%, and the voltage value range is between 360V-400V. The DC bus 10 can be directly connected to the DC load, and can be used for a rated voltage of 380V. DC air conditioners 61, DC charging piles 62, etc. are directly powered, or connected to DC loads through the unidirectional DC/DC conversion module 4, which can provide DC refrigerators 63, DC LED lighting 64, DC Power distribution interface and many other electronic devices.
所述负载还包括交流负载,直流母线通过单向DC/AC变换模块5与交流负载相连,供220V交流负载使用,交流负载包括交流充电桩65和交流配电箱,可以供市场上所有带交流供电接口的电动车实用。 The load also includes an AC load, the DC bus is connected to the AC load through the unidirectional DC/AC conversion module 5, and is used for a 220V AC load. The electric vehicle with power supply interface is practical.
所述能量管理单元50包括主控模块和设于该微电网系统的各单元中并对各单元的运行状态进行监测的运行监测模块,运行监测模块与主控模块通信连接并能将其采集、分析获得的数据上传至主控模块,主控模块根据该数据控制所述光伏发电单元、储能单元和市电供电单元按照设定的供电逻辑运行并保持母线电压的稳定。具体地是,主控模块根据获得的系统各单元运行状态数据,按照设定的供电逻辑分别控制连接光伏发电单元20的单向DC/DC整流器1、连接储能单元30的双向DC/DC变换器3以及连接市电供电单元40的单向AC/DC整流器2的导通或断开来决定当下的供电电源。 The energy management unit 50 includes a main control module and an operation monitoring module that is arranged in each unit of the microgrid system and monitors the operating status of each unit. The operation monitoring module is connected to the main control module by communication and can collect, The data obtained by analysis is uploaded to the main control module, and the main control module controls the photovoltaic power generation unit, the energy storage unit and the mains power supply unit to operate according to the set power supply logic and maintain the stability of the bus voltage according to the data. Specifically, the main control module respectively controls the unidirectional DC/DC rectifier 1 connected to the photovoltaic power generation unit 20 and the bidirectional DC/DC conversion connected to the energy storage unit 30 according to the obtained operating status data of each unit of the system according to the set power supply logic. The current power supply is determined by turning on or off the unidirectional AC/DC rectifier 2 connected to the mains power supply unit 40 and the mains power supply unit 40 .
所述能量管理单元还包括用于对直流母线及各单元的对地状态进行监测的绝缘监测模块,该绝缘监测模块与所述主控模块通信连接。 The energy management unit also includes an insulation monitoring module for monitoring the grounding status of the DC bus and each unit, and the insulation monitoring module is communicatively connected with the main control module.
本实施例中,该运行监测模块、绝缘监测模块都采用RS485总线与主控模块通信连接。 In this embodiment, the operation monitoring module and the insulation monitoring module are connected to the main control module by RS485 bus.
本实用新型所述的非逆变型光储直流微电网系统为三电源供电系统。考虑到节能经济因素,这里三电源的供电逻辑为光伏发电单元20>市电供电单元40>储能单元30。具体可分为以下四种情况:1、当光伏发电单元20的发电功率大于负载功率时,储能单元30充满电,光伏发电单元20运行于恒压模式,即光伏发电单元20的发电功率只需满足负载功率即可,MPPT控制器不必工作在最大功率点,此时直流母线电压大于375V,交流市电供电单元40处于待机状态;2、当光伏发电单元20的发电功率大于负载功率,储能单元30未充满电,光伏发电单元20首先工作在MPPT控制器的最大功率模式下给储能单元30充电,慢慢平滑至储能单元浮充,又进入第一种情况;3、当光伏发电单元20的发电功率小于负载功率,此时母线电压跌倒375V以下,市电供电单元40开始输出电流,以平衡直流母线电压,使直流母线电压上升到正常工作值;4、当市电供电单元40出现断电时,储能单元30充当后备电源,给负载供电。所述储能单元30在该系统中的具体作用是,当光伏发电单元20的发电功率大于负载功率,储能单元30配合光伏发电单元20,维持直流母线电压的稳定;当光伏发电单元20的发电功率小于负载功率,光伏发电单元20工作在MPPT控制器的最大功率模式,且当直流母线电压跌落至360V(根据需要设定)以下时,储能单元30开始供电,以保证系统的持续供电。 The non-inverting optical-storage DC micro-grid system described in the utility model is a three-power supply system. Considering energy saving and economical factors, the power supply logic of the three power sources here is photovoltaic power generation unit 20 > mains power supply unit 40 > energy storage unit 30 . Specifically, it can be divided into the following four situations: 1. When the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation unit 20 is greater than the load power, the energy storage unit 30 is fully charged, and the photovoltaic power generation unit 20 operates in a constant voltage mode, that is, the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation unit 20 is only The load power needs to be satisfied, and the MPPT controller does not have to work at the maximum power point. At this time, the DC bus voltage is greater than 375V, and the AC mains power supply unit 40 is in a standby state; 2. When the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation unit 20 is greater than the load power, the storage The energy unit 30 is not fully charged, the photovoltaic power generation unit 20 first works in the maximum power mode of the MPPT controller to charge the energy storage unit 30, and gradually smoothes to the floating charge of the energy storage unit, and then enters the first situation; 3. The generating power of the power generation unit 20 is less than the load power. At this time, the bus voltage drops below 375V, and the mains power supply unit 40 starts to output current to balance the DC bus voltage, so that the DC bus voltage rises to the normal operating value; 4. When the mains power supply unit When a power failure occurs at 40, the energy storage unit 30 acts as a backup power supply to supply power to the load. The specific function of the energy storage unit 30 in this system is that when the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation unit 20 is greater than the load power, the energy storage unit 30 cooperates with the photovoltaic power generation unit 20 to maintain the stability of the DC bus voltage; The generated power is less than the load power, the photovoltaic power generation unit 20 works in the maximum power mode of the MPPT controller, and when the DC bus voltage drops below 360V (set as required), the energy storage unit 30 starts to supply power to ensure the continuous power supply of the system .
以上所述,仅为本实用新型较佳实施例而已,故不能依此限定本实用新型实施的范围,即依本实用新型专利范围及说明书内容所作的等效变化与修饰,皆应仍属本实用新型涵盖的范围内。 The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, so the scope of implementation of the utility model cannot be limited accordingly, that is, the equivalent changes and modifications made according to the patent scope of the utility model and the contents of the specification should still belong to this utility model. within the scope of utility models.
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