CN205103103U - Measure youngs elastic modulus's laboratory glassware - Google Patents
Measure youngs elastic modulus's laboratory glassware Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN205103103U CN205103103U CN201520856579.1U CN201520856579U CN205103103U CN 205103103 U CN205103103 U CN 205103103U CN 201520856579 U CN201520856579 U CN 201520856579U CN 205103103 U CN205103103 U CN 205103103U
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- base
- chuck
- measured
- wire
- cannelure
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn - After Issue
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005483 Hooke's law Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013341 scale-up Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a measure youngs elastic modulus's laboratory glassware, including support, optical lever, telescope, scale, the wire that awaits measuring, base subassembly and clamp cover subassembly, clamp cover subassembly can press from both sides the cover subassembly and comprise two clamp covers, but press from both sides the clip that the cover has the fifty percent discount for a set of, two sets of or three groups, has the recess that holds the wire that awaits measuring on the clip, two clamp covers are installed respectively at the both ends of awaiting measuring the wire, and the both ends of the wire that awaits measuring have convex portion, and the convex portion of the wire that awaits measuring exposes outside pressing from both sides the cover, the base subassembly comprises two bases, and the base has three cannelure and a cross slot, and the cross slot is in the cannelure vertical direction and run through the bottom of base, and the both ends of cross slot have the slot, press from both sides the cover and arrange the base in and support and lean on on the cross slot through the cannelure, and the wire that awaits measuring passes the slot, two base mirror symmetry place, the reflection mirror surface of optical lever is installed on the base. The utility model discloses simple structure not only, moreover can be fast precision measurement effectively.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of Experiments of Machanics instrument, refers in particular to a kind of experimental apparatus measuring Young's modulus of elasticity.
Background technology
Young modulus is the characteristic parameter being described in material repels elastic deformation ability in elastic limit, relevant with the structure of material, chemical composition and manufacture method, is mechanics parameter conventional in engineering.The method measuring elasticity modulus of materials has a variety of, and conventional is static stretch method, and its feature is use the most basic instrument and equipment, and experimental principle is simple, directly perceived, easy to understand, but measuring accuracy is lower, and experimental apparatus is difficult to regulate.
As shown in Figure 7, for YMC Young modulus instrument, comprise support 91, base 92, optical lever 93, telescope 94, scale 95, upper grip 96, lower chuck 97 and counterweight 98, base 92 and upper grip 96 are arranged on support 91, and optical lever 93 is arranged on base 92, base 92 has a through hole, steel wire is through through hole, counterweight 98 is suspended on steel wire, and scale 95 is arranged on looks in the distance on 94, and telescope 94 is towards the mirror surface of optical lever 93.Steel wire clamps upper and lower two ends by i.e. upper grip 96 and lower chuck 97, and the two ends of steel wire are due to by " folder " firmly, and steel wire is extruded, create deformation, becoming the thinnest part, likely can produce the phenomenon of " constriction ", is therefore the place of " fragility " comparatively speaking.In the experimentation measuring Young's modulus of elasticity, usually due to various carelessness or misoperation, steel wire is most in upper end fracture, and in addition, when steel wire is connected on instrument, because scale cannot be close to steel wire, length cannot be measured accurately.
Therefore, the present inventor makes further research this, and develop a kind of experimental apparatus and the method for measuring Young's modulus of elasticity, this case produces thus.
Utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is to provide a kind of experimental apparatus measuring Young's modulus of elasticity, and not only structure is simple, and can fast and effeciently accurately measure.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical solution of the present utility model is:
Comprise support, optical lever, telescope, scale, tinsel to be measured, base assembly and chuck assembly; Optical lever, tinsel to be measured, base assembly and chuck assembly are installed on support, and scale is arranged on telescope; Optical lever has mirror surface, and telescope is towards the mirror surface of optical lever;
The number of chuck assembly is one group, two groups or three groups, and chuck assembly is made up of two chucks, and chuck has can the clip of doubling, clip has and holds groove wiry to be measured; Two chucks are arranged on two ends wiry to be measured respectively, and two ends wiry to be measured have male portion, and male portion wiry to be measured exposes to outside chuck;
Base assembly is made up of two bases, base has three cannelures and a translot, and translot is in cannelure vertical direction and run through the bottom of base, and the two ends of translot have groove, chuck is placed in base by cannelure and is resisted against on the translot of base, and tinsel to be measured is through groove; Two base specular are placed; The mirror surface of optical lever is arranged on the face at base translot place.
Further, chuck is square, and the cannelure on base is square, and the width of cannelure is greater than the width of chuck.
Further, tinsel to be measured is the one in steel wire, copper wire or iron wire.
Further, clip is provided with snap close.
After adopting such scheme, the utility model has the following advantages:
1. stressed place, two ends wiry to be measured is designed to male portion, even if tinsel to be measured like this produces deformation because of stressed, also can not be most taper end, can not produce " constriction " phenomenon;
2. chuck and tinsel to be measured both can combine, and also can separately use, and had larger dirigibility, when wire breakage to be measured or chuck damage, easily changed, and easy to maintenance, it is all very convenient for meanwhile, as external member, managing, moving and receive;
3. on base, be provided with three cannelures and a translot, chuck can be allowed to put into base, base can bear again enough power effects simultaneously;
4. on base, be provided with three cannelures, can many multiple measurement be carried out, by traditional experimental apparatus upgrading become comprehensive, the experimental apparatus of design studies.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of chuck of the present utility model when closing;
Schematic diagram when Fig. 2 is chuck of the present utility model fastening;
Fig. 3 is tinsel of the present utility model and chuck schematic diagram when using;
Fig. 4 is the utility model schematic diagram wiry;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram one of the utility model base;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram two of the utility model base;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of prior art.
Chuck 1 clip 11 snap close 111 groove 12
Tinsel 2 male portion 21
Base 3 cannelure 31 translot 32 groove 321
Support 91 base 92 optical lever 93 telescope 94
Scale 95 upper grip 96 lower chuck 97 counterweight 98.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the utility model is described in further detail.What the utility model disclosed is that one comprises support, optical lever, telescope, scale, tinsel to be measured 2, base assembly and chuck assembly; Optical lever, tinsel to be measured, base assembly and chuck assembly are installed on support, and scale is arranged on telescope, and optical lever has mirror surface, and telescope is towards on the mirror surface of optical lever.Namely telescope and mirror surface are located on the same line, and like this, when mirror surface is larger to the distance of scale, light reflection angle is also larger, and angle has changed greatly, just very easily observe.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, the number of chuck assembly can be one group, also can two groups or three groups; The quantity of chuck assembly can be equipped with according to actual conditions.Chuck assembly is made up of two chucks 1, is the first chuck and the second chuck respectively, and chuck 1 has can the clip 11 of doubling, clip 11 has the groove 12 holding tinsel 2 to be measured; First chuck and the second chuck are arranged on the two ends of tinsel 2 to be measured respectively.
As shown in Figure 4, the two ends of tinsel 2 to be measured have male portion 21, and the male portion 21 of tinsel 2 to be measured exposes to outside chuck 1.The stressed place, two ends of tinsel 2 to be measured is designed to male portion 21, like this when tinsel to be measured 2 produces deformation by External Force Acting, also can not be most taper end, can not produce " constriction " phenomenon.Emphasis of the present utility model carries out structural improvement to overcome all shortcomings of prior art to chuck and tinsel, and not only structure is simple, and can fast and effeciently accurately measure.Chuck and tinsel to be measured separate, both can combine, also can separately use, there is larger dirigibility, when wire breakage to be measured or chuck damage, change one of them, safeguard also very convenient, meanwhile, as external member, be all very convenient in management, movement and storage.As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, base assembly is made up of two bases 3, is upper bed-plate and lower bottom base respectively; Base 3 has three cannelures 31 and a translot 32, translot 32 is in cannelure 31 vertical direction and run through the bottom of base 3, the two ends of translot 32 have groove 321, and chuck 1 is placed in base 3 by cannelure 31 and is resisted against on the translot 32 of base 3, and tinsel 2 to be measured is through groove 321; First chuck inserts upper bed-plate, and the second chuck inserts lower bottom base, and upper bed-plate and lower bottom base specular are placed; Optical lever has mirror surface, and in the present embodiment, mirror surface is arranged on the face at lower bottom base translot place, ensureing that telescope and mirror surface are located on the same line (i.e. telescope and mirror surface contour), is conducive to observational record data.Further, chuck 1 is square, and the cannelure 31 on base 3 is square, and the width of cannelure 31 is greater than the width of chuck 1.
Further, tinsel 2 to be measured is the one in steel wire, copper wire or iron wire.
Further, the clip 11 of chuck 1 is provided with the snap close 111 can locking clip after doubling, and in the present embodiment, snap close 111 is ring buckle.After clip doubling fastens, again locked by fastening sealing place of snap close 111 at clip, improve the steadiness that chuck 1 clamps tinsel 2 further.
Be provided with three cannelures 31 on the base 3, many multiple measurement can be carried out, such as measure the Young modulus of two same metal silks, measure the Young modulus of two different metal silks, the even Young modulus of three same metal silks and the Young modulus of three different metal silks, by traditional experimental apparatus upgrading become comprehensive, the experimental apparatus of design studies.During experiment test, chuck assembly can be positioned over any one in three cannelures 31, but for the purpose of balancing, during general connection one group of chuck assembly, the cannelure 31 in the middle of symmetrical connection.If when connecting two groups of chuck assemblies, the symmetrical cannelure 31 connecting the left and right sides, if when connecting three groups of chuck assemblies, then the cannelure 31 first having connected the left and right sides connects middle cannelure 31 again.
Point out according to Hooke's law, in elastic limit, elastomeric stress and strain is directly proportional.Be provided with one long for l cross-sectional area be the steel wire of S, under external force F effect, extended δ, then
Scale-up factor E in formula is called Young modulus, and unit is N.m
-2.If steel wire diameter is d, then
this is substituted into above formula and draws after arrangement:
Above formula shows, when identical with added external force F for length l, diameter d, the elongation δ wiry that Young modulus is large is less, and the little elongation of Young modulus is larger.Thus, Young modulus have expressed the ability that material repels external force produces (or compression) deformation that stretches.
When surveying Young modulus according to formula (2), elongation δ is smaller not easily surveys standard, therefore, measuring the device of Young modulus, all around how surveying accurate elongation designing.This experiment utilizes optical lever arrangement to go to measure elongation δ.
Before and after optical lever, the vertical range of toe is h, and optical lever level crossing is R to the distance of scale, if wire elongation is δ after adding counterweight m, the difference of reading adding scale in telescope before and after counterweight m is △ d, then tg θ=δ/h, reflected ray has deflected 2 θ, tg2 θ=Δ d/R, as θ < 5 °, tg2 θ ≈ 2 θ, tg θ ≈ θ, therefore have 2 δ/h=Δ d/R, i.e. Δ L=Δ dh/2R, or
δ＝(d
2－d
1)h/2R(3)
F=mg is substituted into formula, show that the formula with elongation method surveys Young modulus E wiry is:
Learnt by above-mentioned theory, when using the utility model, as long as carry out getting final product fast and convenient acquisition Young modulus E according to following steps.Not only can fast and effeciently accurately measure, and experimental apparatus is easy to regulate.
Step one, be L by length, diameter is the groove 12 that the two ends of the tinsel to be measured 2 of d are placed in chuck 1, fastens chuck 1, the male portion 21 at tinsel 2 two ends to be measured is exposed to outside chuck 1 respectively.
Step 2, chuck 1 is placed in base 3 by cannelure 31 and is resisted against on the translot 32 of base 3, tinsel 2 to be measured is through the groove 321 of translot 32.
Step 3, record initial data: the front and back toe vertical range h of optical lever, optical lever mirror surface is R to the distance of scale, and the weight of counterweight is m.
Step 4, counterweight hung on the base of below, tinsel 2 to be measured is extended, in the present embodiment, suffered by tinsel 2 to be measured, external force is from counterweight, certainly, other modes also can be adopted to make tinsel 2 applied elongation to be measured, only need record the stressed size of tinsel 2 to be measured.Tinsel 2 to be measured extends rear drive base 3 and there occurs displacement, and therefore reflective mirror there occurs deflection, and recording the difference of reading adding scale in telescope before and after counterweight m is △ d; In the present embodiment, telescope and mirror surface at a distance of about one meter, and ensure that the mirror surface of optical lever keeps plumbness, and positive counter regulation telescope, finds the picture of scale in mirror surface from telescope.
Step 5, above-mentioned numerical value is substituted into formula:
the Young modulus E of the tinsel to be measured 2 measured by elongation method can be drawn.
The above, it is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, not technical scope of the present utility model to be imposed any restrictions, therefore the change in every case done according to claim of the present utility model and instructions or modification, all should belong within scope that the utility model patent contains.
Claims (4)
1. measure an experimental apparatus for Young's modulus of elasticity, it is characterized in that: comprise support, optical lever, telescope, scale, tinsel to be measured, base assembly and chuck assembly; Optical lever, tinsel to be measured, base assembly and chuck assembly are installed on support, and scale is arranged on telescope; Optical lever has mirror surface, and telescope is towards the mirror surface of optical lever; The number of chuck assembly is one group, two groups or three groups, and chuck assembly is made up of two chucks, and chuck has can the clip of doubling, clip has and holds groove wiry to be measured; Two chucks are arranged on two ends wiry to be measured respectively, and two ends wiry to be measured have male portion, and male portion wiry to be measured exposes to outside chuck; Base assembly is made up of two bases, base has three cannelures and a translot, and translot is in cannelure vertical direction and run through the bottom of base, and the two ends of translot have groove, chuck is placed in base by cannelure and is resisted against on the translot of base, and tinsel to be measured is through groove; Two base specular are placed; The mirror surface of optical lever is arranged on the face at base translot place.
2. a kind of experimental apparatus measuring Young's modulus of elasticity according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: chuck is square, the cannelure on base is square, and the width of cannelure is greater than the width of chuck.
3. a kind of experimental apparatus measuring Young's modulus of elasticity according to claim 1, is characterized in that: tinsel to be measured is the one in steel wire, copper wire or iron wire.
4. a kind of experimental apparatus measuring Young's modulus of elasticity according to claim 1, is characterized in that: clip is provided with snap close.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520856579.1U CN205103103U (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2015-10-30 | Measure youngs elastic modulus's laboratory glassware |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520856579.1U CN205103103U (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2015-10-30 | Measure youngs elastic modulus's laboratory glassware |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN205103103U true CN205103103U (en) | 2016-03-23 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520856579.1U Withdrawn - After Issue CN205103103U (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2015-10-30 | Measure youngs elastic modulus's laboratory glassware |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN205103103U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105403464A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-03-16 | 厦门理工学院 | Experimental instrument for measuring Young's elastic modulus and method |
-
2015
- 2015-10-30 CN CN201520856579.1U patent/CN205103103U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105403464A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-03-16 | 厦门理工学院 | Experimental instrument for measuring Young's elastic modulus and method |
| CN105403464B (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2023-12-19 | 厦门理工学院 | Experimental instrument and method for measuring Young's elastic modulus |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20160323 Effective date of abandoning: 20231219 |
|
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20160323 Effective date of abandoning: 20231219 |