CN205096565U - Tool and system for machining inner holes - Google Patents
Tool and system for machining inner holes Download PDFInfo
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- CN205096565U CN205096565U CN201520926143.5U CN201520926143U CN205096565U CN 205096565 U CN205096565 U CN 205096565U CN 201520926143 U CN201520926143 U CN 201520926143U CN 205096565 U CN205096565 U CN 205096565U
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- cutter
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- machined surface
- tapered sleeve
- roller
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title description 12
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a cutting process equipment field discloses a cutter and system for processing hole, the hole has coaxial machined surface (11) and treats machined surface (21), the cutter has cutter main part (30), installs tool bit (40) on this cutter main part (30) and sets up positioning mechanism (50) on this cutter main part (30), and this positioning mechanism (50) can support on machined surface (11), so that treat machined surface (21) after the processing with machined surface (11) have predetermined axiality. The utility model provides a cutter can use machined surface (11) as the location benchmark for wait to process surface (21) and machined surface (11) can have the predetermined axiality that accords with technical requirement after the processing.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to cutting machines, particularly, relates to a kind of cutter for processing endoporus.On this basis, the utility model also relates to a kind of system with described cutter.
Background technology
At present, blind hole processing mainly adopts the method such as electric machining, machining, perforating gun processing.Wherein, as machining field conventional art, machining is widely used in the processing technology for inner hole of all trades and professions with its advantage such as economy, adaptability.
Be illustrated in figure 1 the machining sketch chart of the common hydraulic jack of Hydraulic Field.Wherein, the cylinder body of this oil cylinder is formed by cylinder barrel 1 and cylinder bottom 2 seam.Because it is typically designed to full penetration weld, butt welded seam position (near cylinder bottom 2 place) is needed to process, to obtain suitable inner bore of step after welding.The difficult point of processing this type of endoporus is, because Working position distance aperture is comparatively far away, cutter 3 cantilevered length is longer, thus easily vibrates in process.This makes to process the stepped hole precision lower (as having the knife mark that shakes) obtained on the one hand, can not meet need of production with the axiality of the machined surface 11 in cylinder barrel 1; On the other hand, in order to improve processing effect, require that process equipment has higher integral rigidity, the accumulation gap between moving component is less.
But, utilize the machine tool of general precision to be difficult to reach corresponding technical requirement; Utilize the economy of high precision machine tool lower.In this case, the utility model provides the solution that effectively can solve above-mentioned at least part of problem of the prior art.
Utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is to provide a kind of cutter for processing endoporus, this cutter can effectively reduce or avoid the vibration of cutter when processing endoporus, at least to ensure that work surface has suitable axiality with machined surface after processing.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model provides a kind of cutter for processing endoporus, described endoporus has coaxial machined surface and work surface, the detent mechanism that described cutter has cutter body, is installed on the cutter head on this cutter body and is arranged on this cutter body, this detent mechanism can be supported on described machined surface, has predetermined axiality after processing to make described work surface with described machined surface.
Preferably, described detent mechanism comprises for contacting and being supported in ball and/or the roller of described machined surface.
Preferably, described cutter body comprises head and the extension for being connected with lathe cutter saddle extended from this head, described cutter head is installed on described head, described extension is arranged with ball bearing, described ball remains on described ball bearing by ball retainer, and/or described extension is arranged with tapered sleeve, described roller is remained on described tapered sleeve by roller retainer.
Preferably, described extension away from the external screw thread end side face of described head is formed for connecting tapered sleeve locking nut, described tapered sleeve has tapered outer circumferential surfaces and is locked between this tapered sleeve locking nut and described ball bearing or described head, described roller retainer adjustable ground is arranged on described tapered sleeve, so that by regulating described roller relative to the axial location of described tapered sleeve, the radial position of this roller can be changed.
Preferably, described tapered sleeve locking nut is also bolted with the locking piece for regulating and/or lock described roller retainer.
Preferably, dust scraping ring is provided with between described head and described ball bearing.
Preferably, described extension has cavity, is provided with wire and/or for carrying the carrier pipe of cooling fluid in this cavity.
Preferably, described wire is connected with the camera for observing processing operating mode, and this camera is arranged at described head.
Preferably, the transmission mechanism for making described cutter head radial feed move is provided with in described cutter body, this transmission mechanism comprise be in transmission connection worm screw, worm gear and leading screw, the crossing point of axes of this worm gear and screw mandrel is positioned on the centre of gyration line of described cutter, and the end that described cutter head is connected to this leading screw is with can the radially feeding when described worm screw is rotated.
On this basis, the utility model also provides a kind of system for processing endoporus, and this system comprises lathe and is installed on this lathe fixes a cutting tool, the described cutter that this cutter provides for the utility model.
By technique scheme of the present utility model, when cutter head processing work surface, detent mechanism is utilized to be supported on machined surface, to limit the vibration that cutter body and cutter head cause owing to having longer development length.Owing to taking machined surface as positioning datum, thus work surface can have the predetermined axiality meeting technical requirement after processing with machined surface.
Other features and advantages of the utility model are described in detail in detailed description of the invention part subsequently.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is used to provide further understanding of the present utility model, and forms a part for description, is used from explanation the utility model, but does not form restriction of the present utility model with detailed description of the invention one below.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the machining sketch chart of hydraulic jack in prior art;
Fig. 2 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of the cutter according to a kind of preferred embodiment of the utility model;
Fig. 3 is the sectional structure schematic diagram along A-A line in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the tool sharpening cylinder block utilized in Fig. 2.
Description of reference numerals
1 cylinder barrel 11 machined surface
2 cylinder bottom 21 work surfaces
3 cutter 30 cutter bodies
31 head 32 extensions
321 cavity 3211 wires
40 cutter head 50 detent mechanisms
51 ball 52 ball bearings
53 ball retainer 54 rollers
55 tapered sleeve 56 roller retainers
60 tapered sleeve locking nut 70 locking pieces
80 dust scraping ring 90 transmission mechanisms
91 worm screw 92 worm gears
93 leading screw 94 motors
95 pressing plate 100 connecting rods
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, detailed description of the invention of the present utility model is described in detail.Should be understood that, detailed description of the invention described herein, only for instruction and explanation of the utility model, is not limited to the utility model.
Shown in Fig. 2-Fig. 4, according to the cutter 3 for processing endoporus of a kind of preferred embodiment of the utility model, described endoporus has coaxial machined surface 11 and work surface 21.For ease of illustrating, detailed description of the invention of the present utility model is processed as example by main with the inwall in cylinder block manufacturing process, and wherein, as Fig. 4, cylinder body comprises cylinder barrel 1 and the cylinder bottom 2 of full penetration.Before welding, the inner peripheral surface fine finishining of cylinder barrel 1, as machined surface 11 of the present utility model.After welding, utilize cutter of the present utility model at the welding position processing step hole of cylinder barrel 1 with cylinder bottom 2, to obtain the oil cylinder with superperformance.Namely the inner peripheral surface near welding region is as work surface 21 of the present utility model.On this basis, be understandable that, before processing, the central axis of work surface 21 of the present utility model can not be on same straight line with the central axis of machined surface 11; But after utilizing tool sharpening of the present utility model, work surface 21 can be formed as having predetermined axiality with machined surface 11.
In addition, below in conjunction with cylinder block explanation and be not used in cutter 3 of the present utility model be defined as the processing that only can be used in stepped hole, but can also to be applied in the processing in other holes such as endoporus, through hole such as with constant inner diameter.Further, although this cutter 3 is illustrated as the madial wall of Finish Machining Bore, under suitable situation, can also be used for heart processing through hole or blind hole in the end wall, this by arranging the different main motions of cutter 3 and workpiece, feed motion and realizing, and will can illustrate subsequently.
The detent mechanism 50 that cutter 3 of the present utility model has cutter body 30, is installed on the cutter head 40 on this cutter body 30 and is set on this cutter body 30.This detent mechanism 50 can be supported on the machined surface 11 that is formed in cylinder barrel 1, has predetermined axiality after processing to make the work surface 21 near welding region with machined surface 11.
In process, this cutter 3 can limit the vibration of cutter body 30 and cutter head 40 by detent mechanism 50, avoids the problem of the machining accuracy low (as the knife mark that shakes) caused due to longer development length.The utility model utilizes machined surface 11 for positioning datum, and work surface 21 can be made with this machined surface 11 to have predetermined axiality after processing, and without the need to high precision machine tool.
According to different demand, cutter 3 of the present utility model can be formed as various ways.Such as, in an embodiment shown in fig. 4, cutter 3 can be connected to lathe cutter saddle in the open side of cylinder body (i.e. the side away from cylinder bottom 2 of cylinder barrel 1), and realizes axial feed motion by the manipulation of this lathe cutter saddle.And in preferred embodiment subsequently, the radial feed motion of cutter head 40 can be realized by suitable mechanism.And cylinder body rotates around cutter 3 under machine tool chief axis drives, form the main motion of machining.Thus, process work surface 21 by turning mode.
In alternate embodiments, cutter 3 opposing cylinder can be driven to rotate, thus process in boring mode, main motion is now boring cutter as described cutter head 40 around the rotation of cylinder body axis.In another embodiment, cutter head 40 can be made to move back and forth (main motion) along the direction being parallel to cylinder body axis, and process in the mode of planing, feeding now can comprise the rotary motion of cutter 3 opposing cylinder and the radial motion of cutter head 40.Similarly, the relative motion of cutter 3 and workpiece can also be set according to actual needs, thus process endoporus by different way, not repeat them here.
Can find out, in multiple processing mode, all can there is the motion of opposite piece in cutter 3.In process, detent mechanism 50 is supported on machined surface 11 and this accurately machined surface may be caused to produce damage.For this reason, in preferred embodiment of the present utility model, detent mechanism 50 is contacted with machined surface 11 by the mode of rolling support, to reduce even to avoid damaging machined surface 11.Particularly, composition graphs 2 and Fig. 4, detent mechanism 50 comprises ball 51 and roller 54, is respectively used to contact and is supported in described machined surface 11.Thus, at least when cylinder body (especially cylinder barrel 1) rotates relative to cutter 3, rolled along the machined surface 11 of cylinder barrel 1 by ball 51 and roller 54 and avoid producing damage.Although have two row's balls 51 and row's rollers 54 in illustrated embodiment, be understandable that, can as required or structure restriction and select other that form is set.Such as, ball 51 can be only provided with, thus when cutter 3 and cylinder barrel 1 relative motion vertically, also protective effect can be produced to machined surface 11.For another example, can only be provided with roller 51, or be provided with many row's rollers 51, thus only there is linear contact lay and protect this machined surface 11 better in this detent mechanism 50 with machined surface 11.
Above-mentioned ball 51 and roller 54 separately and the circle diameter at the contact point place of machined surface 11 slightly larger than the internal diameter of machined surface 11, thus micro-roll extrusion effect can be formed, realize stable support and location when not damaging machined surface 11.In addition, along the axis direction away from work surface 21, described circle diameter can increase step by step, and this is conducive to improving machining accuracy.
Detent mechanism 50 and ball 51 thereof and/or roller 54 can be arranged on cutter body 30 in several ways.Such as, with regard to roller 54, the groove holding this roller 54 can be formed on cutter body 30, and the rotating shaft being used for roller 54 is set in groove, the outer peripheral face of cutter body 30 slightly can be protruded from, to be supported on machined surface 11 when roller 54 is arranged in this rotating shaft.
In illustrated preferred embodiment, cutter body 30 comprises head 31 and the extension 32 for being connected (as by connecting rod 100) with lathe cutter saddle extended from this head 31, the radial dimension of this extension 32 can be less than the radial dimension of head 31, so that arrange detent mechanism 50.Cutter head 40 can be arranged on head 31.
Extension 32 is arranged with ball bearing 52, ball 51 is positioned at the cannelure formed by this ball bearing 52, and is kept by ball retainer 53; Extension 32 can also be arranged with tapered sleeve 55, and the outer peripheral face that roller 54 is positioned at tapered sleeve 55 is kept by roller retainer 56.This structure is convenient to detent mechanism 50 is removably set on cutter body 31, thus can have the detent mechanism 50 of different radial dimension by selection and with the machined surface 11 of different size for positioning datum, have better adaptability.
Wherein, the cannelure at ball 51 place can be arranged side by side by multiple ball bearing 52 with chamfering and form, and by changing the interval between ball bearing 52, can realize the radial displacement of ball 51, to regulate it to the pressure of machined surface 11.
In the preferred embodiment shown in Fig. 2, the adjustment of roller 54 radial position is realized by the conical by its shape be formed on tapered sleeve 55 outer peripheral face.Particularly, the extension 32 of cutter body 30 be formed with external screw thread away from the end side face of head 31, and the tapered sleeve locking nut 60 that has been threaded.Tapered sleeve 55 is formed with conical external circle side face, and is locked between tapered sleeve locking nut 60 and ball bearing 52.Roller 54 remains on described conical external circle side face by roller retainer 56 1 aspect, (namely roller retainer 56 is formed with internal thread to be also threadedly connected to tapered sleeve locking nut 60 on the other hand, tapered sleeve locking nut 60 is formed with external screw thread), when change roller retainer 56 on tapered sleeve locking nut 60 be spirally connected position time, roller 54 can slide along tapered outer circumferential surfaces relative to tapered sleeve 55, thus changes the radial position of roller 54.In like manner, in the embodiment not being provided with ball 51 and ball bearing 52, tapered sleeve 55 can be locked between the head 31 of tapered sleeve locking nut 60 and cutter body 30, can implement the adjustment of above-mentioned radial position equally.
In alternate embodiments, roller retainer 56 can kink on tapered sleeve 55, and realized the adjustment of its axial location by the locking piece 70 be bolted on tapered sleeve locking nut 60, and locked by this locking piece 70.Or, be directly bolted on the basis of the embodiment of tapered sleeve locking nut 60 at above-mentioned roller retainer 56, utilize locking piece 70 implement locking, avoid in process occur loosen and cannot good location.
If the chip produced in endoporus process is removed not in time, ball 51 may be compressed in, between roller 54 and machined surface 11, not only easily embed detent mechanism 50, cause and cannot well run, also can damage machined surface 11.But one end of cylinder body is closed by cylinder bottom 2, and the other end is provided with detent mechanism 50, be difficult to discharge chip.For this reason, preferred embodiment of the present utility model is provided with dust scraping ring 80 between the head 31 and ball bearing 52 of cutter body 30, this dust scraping ring 80 can be formed by flexible material and its external diameter slightly larger than the internal diameter of machined surface 11, thus the position at chip and ball 51 place is isolated, avoid damaging machined surface 11.
In endoporus (especially blind hole) processing, be usually difficult to the cutting situation directly knowing Working position, and cooling fluid conveying is also comparatively difficult, difficulty of processing is larger.For this reason, preferred embodiment of the present utility model is provided with cavity 321 at the extension 32 of cutter body 30, this cavity 321 can extend from the one end away from head 31 to head 31, and inside can be provided with wire 3211 and/or for carrying the carrier pipe of cooling fluid.Thus, camera (not shown) can be set in head 31 position, and be connected to wire 3211.In addition, the wire 3211 in cavity 3211 can also be used for powering to motor 94, thus realizes supply motion, and this will further illustrate in following preferred embodiment.
In above-mentioned numerous embodiments, need the feed motion implementing cutter head 40 in radial direction.Be positioned after on machined surface 11 by detent mechanism 50 at cutter 3, cutter head 40 cannot by the mass motion of cutter 3 radial feed.For this reason, according to the utility model one comparatively preferred embodiment in, be provided with the transmission mechanism 90 for making cutter head 40 radial feed in cutter body 30.
Particularly, composition graphs 2-Fig. 4, wire 3211 one end is connected with motor 94, the output shaft of this motor 94 (as micro-step motor) is connected with worm screw 91, this worm screw 91 is arranged in the head 31 of cutter body 30 by bearing, one end is closed, so that dismounting transmission mechanism 90 by bearing (ball) cover.The helical tooth of worm screw 91 engages with worm gear 92.Further, worm gear 92 can be connected by ball guide screw nat with the conductor assembly being provided with cutter head 40.Further, worm gear 92 is positioned on the centre of gyration line C of cutter with the crossing point of axes of leading screw 93, thus the rotation of cutter 3 opposite piece evenly can cut the internal perisporium of this workpiece.Cutter head 40 can be connected to the end of leading screw 93 by pressing plate 95.Thus, when motor 94 drives scroll bar 91 to rotate, cutter head 40 radially feeding can be driven by worm gear 92, leading screw 93 and pressing plate 95.
Be described in detail the cutter 3 of the utility model detailed description of the invention above, on this basis, the utility model also provides a kind of system for processing endoporus with described cutter 3, and wherein, cutter 3 is installed on lathe.Thus the cutter 3 provided by the utility model, can realize higher machining accuracy without the need to high precision machine tool, work surface 21 is especially made to have the predetermined axiality meeting technical requirement after processing with machined surface 11.
Below preferred embodiment of the present utility model is described by reference to the accompanying drawings in detail; but; the utility model is not limited to the detail in above-mentioned embodiment; within the scope of technical conceive of the present utility model; can carry out multiple simple variant to the technical solution of the utility model, these simple variant all belong to protection domain of the present utility model.
It should be noted that in addition, each the concrete technical characteristic described in above-mentioned detailed description of the invention, in reconcilable situation, can be combined by any suitable mode.In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the utility model illustrates no longer separately to various possible combination.
In addition, also can be combined between various different embodiment of the present utility model, as long as it is without prejudice to thought of the present utility model, it should be considered as content disclosed in the utility model equally.
Claims (10)
1. one kind for processing the cutter of endoporus, described endoporus has coaxial machined surface (11) and work surface (21), it is characterized in that, the detent mechanism (50) that described cutter has cutter body (30), is installed on the cutter head (40) on this cutter body (30) and is arranged on this cutter body (30), this detent mechanism (50) can be supported on described machined surface (11), has predetermined axiality after processing to make described work surface (21) with described machined surface (11).
2. cutter according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described detent mechanism (50) comprises for contacting and being supported in ball (51) and/or the roller (54) of described machined surface (11).
3. cutter according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described cutter body (30) comprises head (31) and the extension (32) for being connected with lathe cutter saddle extended from this head (31), described cutter head (40) is installed on described head (31), described extension (32) is arranged with ball bearing (52), described ball (51) remains on described ball bearing (52) by ball retainer (53), and/or, described extension (32) is arranged with tapered sleeve (55), described roller (54) is remained on described tapered sleeve (55) by roller retainer (56).
4. cutter according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, the end side face away from described head (31) of described extension (32) is formed with the external screw thread for connecting tapered sleeve locking nut (60), described tapered sleeve (55) has tapered outer circumferential surfaces and is locked between this tapered sleeve locking nut (60) and described ball bearing (52) or described head (31), described roller retainer (56) adjustable ground is arranged on described tapered sleeve (55), so that the axial location regulating described roller (54) relative to described tapered sleeve (55) can be passed through, change the radial position of this roller (54).
5. cutter according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described tapered sleeve locking nut (60) is also bolted with the locking piece (70) for regulating and/or lock described roller retainer (56).
6. cutter according to claim 3, is characterized in that, is provided with dust scraping ring (80) between described head (31) and described ball bearing (52).
7. cutter according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described extension (32) has cavity (321), is provided with wire (3211) and/or for carrying the carrier pipe of cooling fluid in this cavity (321).
8. cutter according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described wire (3211) is connected with the camera for observing processing operating mode, and this camera is arranged at described head (31).
9. cutter as claimed in any of claims 1 to 8, it is characterized in that, the transmission mechanism (90) for making described cutter head (40) radial feed move is provided with in described cutter body (30), this transmission mechanism (90) comprises the worm screw (91) be in transmission connection, worm gear (92) and leading screw (93), this worm gear (92) is positioned on the centre of gyration line (C) of described cutter with the crossing point of axes of screw mandrel (93), the end that described cutter head (40) is connected to this leading screw (93) is with can the radially feeding when described worm screw (91) is rotated.
10. for processing a system for endoporus, it is characterized in that, this system comprises lathe and is installed on the cutter as claimed in any of claims 1 to 9 on this lathe.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN201520926143.5U CN205096565U (en) | 2015-11-19 | 2015-11-19 | Tool and system for machining inner holes |
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN201520926143.5U CN205096565U (en) | 2015-11-19 | 2015-11-19 | Tool and system for machining inner holes |
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CN205096565U true CN205096565U (en) | 2016-03-23 |
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CN201520926143.5U Active CN205096565U (en) | 2015-11-19 | 2015-11-19 | Tool and system for machining inner holes |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105234442A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-01-13 | 湖南特力液压有限公司 | Tool and system for machining inner holes |
CN110744081A (en) * | 2019-11-16 | 2020-02-04 | 贵州黎阳国际制造有限公司 | Annular blind groove cutting tool and annular blind groove cutting machining method |
-
2015
- 2015-11-19 CN CN201520926143.5U patent/CN205096565U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105234442A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-01-13 | 湖南特力液压有限公司 | Tool and system for machining inner holes |
CN110744081A (en) * | 2019-11-16 | 2020-02-04 | 贵州黎阳国际制造有限公司 | Annular blind groove cutting tool and annular blind groove cutting machining method |
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