CN204855053U - Fiber grating pressure sensor of pipeline pressure monitoring - Google Patents
Fiber grating pressure sensor of pipeline pressure monitoring Download PDFInfo
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- CN204855053U CN204855053U CN201520512581.7U CN201520512581U CN204855053U CN 204855053 U CN204855053 U CN 204855053U CN 201520512581 U CN201520512581 U CN 201520512581U CN 204855053 U CN204855053 U CN 204855053U
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种管道压力监测的光纤光栅压力传感器，包括压力传导器件、压力测试器件、密封壳体、固定结构等，压力传导器件将外界压力转换为膜片中心挠度的压缩变化，并且通过灵活的改变压力传导器件的外形尺寸来改变测试量程，保证了产品在各个量程环境下使用的通用性。压力测试器件将挠度的变化施加在测力光栅上，导致光栅收缩，反射波长减小，达到测试目的，温度补偿光栅通过调节长短和材料热膨胀系数，使得降低测力光栅的温度系数和温度补偿，达到最优温度补偿。本实用新型适用于远距离传输，抗电磁干扰，绝缘本安，完全可以代替现在通用的压力变送器和波纹膜片压力表。
The utility model discloses an optical fiber grating pressure sensor for pipeline pressure monitoring, which comprises a pressure conduction device, a pressure test device, a sealed casing, a fixed structure, etc., and the pressure conduction device converts the external pressure into the compression change of the diaphragm center deflection, and By flexibly changing the external dimensions of the pressure conduction device to change the test range, it ensures the versatility of the product in various range environments. The pressure test device applies the change of deflection to the load-measuring grating, which causes the grating to shrink and the reflection wavelength to decrease to achieve the test purpose. The temperature compensation grating reduces the temperature coefficient and temperature compensation of the force-measuring grating by adjusting the length and the thermal expansion coefficient of the material. achieve optimum temperature compensation. The utility model is suitable for long-distance transmission, anti-electromagnetic interference, insulation intrinsically safe, and can completely replace the current general pressure transmitter and corrugated diaphragm pressure gauge.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本实用新型属于光纤传感技术领域，具体涉及一种管道压力监测的光纤光栅压力传感器。 The utility model belongs to the technical field of optical fiber sensing, in particular to an optical fiber grating pressure sensor for pipeline pressure monitoring.
背景技术 Background technique
压力管道表面应力应变状态是压力管道在风险状态下受力的综合表现，关系到压力管道的力学安全。压力管道表面应变检测可以有效预防压力管道爆管事故的发生，目前最常用的测试方法有人工千分尺检测方法、压力变送器法、电阻应变片检测方法和波纹膜片测压力法等。人工千分尺检测方法的缺点在于无法实现实时在线检测，并且工序复杂，测量效率低，测量误差大，严重影响测量精度，而压力变送器法、电阻应变片检测法测量精度不高，且易受电磁干扰，不适用于易燃易爆的场合检测。波纹膜片压力表尽管具有一定的耐腐蚀性，但是如果工程安装不当或监测过程受压过高，会大大降低波纹膜片的使用寿命。光纤光栅传感器检测压力管道表面应变是一种全光传感、高精度、抗电磁干扰、本质安全以及效率更高的技术手段，同时便于实现在线多点分布式检测。 The surface stress and strain state of the pressure pipeline is the comprehensive performance of the pressure pipeline under the risk state, which is related to the mechanical safety of the pressure pipeline. Pressure pipeline surface strain detection can effectively prevent the occurrence of pressure pipeline explosion accidents. At present, the most commonly used testing methods include manual micrometer detection method, pressure transmitter method, resistance strain gauge detection method and corrugated diaphragm pressure measurement method. The disadvantage of the artificial micrometer detection method is that it cannot realize real-time online detection, and the process is complicated, the measurement efficiency is low, and the measurement error is large, which seriously affects the measurement accuracy. Electromagnetic interference, not suitable for detection in flammable and explosive places. Although the corrugated diaphragm pressure gauge has certain corrosion resistance, if the engineering installation is improper or the monitoring process is over-pressurized, the service life of the corrugated diaphragm will be greatly reduced. Fiber Bragg grating sensor to detect the surface strain of the pressure pipe is a technical means of all-optical sensing, high precision, anti-electromagnetic interference, intrinsic safety and higher efficiency, and it is convenient to realize online multi-point distributed detection.
实用新型内容 Utility model content
本实用新型所要解决的技术问题是克服了现有管道压力光纤光栅传感器量程范围适应性差、长期监测漂移等问题，提供了一种量程范围可灵活调整、‘零漂移’的管道压力监测的光纤光栅压力传感器。 The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the problems of poor range adaptability and long-term monitoring drift of the existing pipeline pressure optical fiber grating sensor, and provide a flexible adjustment range and 'zero drift' pipeline pressure monitoring optical fiber grating Pressure Sensor.
为解决上述技术问题，本实用新型是采用如下技术方案实现的： In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model is realized by adopting the following technical solutions:
一种管道压力监测的光纤光栅压力传感器，包括压力传导器件、位于压力传导器件后端的感知压力口、压力测试器件、密封壳体、固定结构和一根光纤(16)，光纤(16)上从左至右依次刻有一个压力测试光栅(11)和一个温度补偿光栅(12)，其特征在于，一个压力测试光栅通过玻璃焊料焊接在第一光栅固定键和第二光栅固定键之间，一个温度补偿光栅通过玻璃焊料焊接在第二光栅固定键和第三光栅固定键之间，第一光栅固定键的一端通过螺纹旋钮固定在压力传导器件上，第一光栅固定键的另一端通过1号螺钉顶丝固定在压力测试器件上，压力测试器件与第二光栅固定键通过2号螺钉顶丝固定，压力测试器件与第三光栅固定键通过3号螺钉顶丝固定，压力传导器件前端有与压力传导器件一体加工成形的金属材质的T型膜片，压力传导器件前端的T型膜片穿过压力测试器件后端的空腔与固定在压力测试器件上的压力测试光栅相接触，压力传导器件的前端与压力测试器件的后端通过胶粘固定在一起，密封壳体后端的内螺纹与压力传导器件中段的外螺纹对接从而将压力测试器件密封在密封壳体中，密封壳体前端的外螺纹与固定装置后端的内螺纹对接，固定装置前端的出纤处通过M3固定堵头封闭并用防水胶密封。 A fiber grating pressure sensor for pipeline pressure monitoring, comprising a pressure conduction device, a sensing pressure port located at the rear end of the pressure conduction device, a pressure test device, a sealed housing, a fixed structure and an optical fiber (16), on which the A pressure test grating (11) and a temperature compensation grating (12) are engraved in sequence from left to right, and it is characterized in that one pressure test grating is welded between the first grating fixing key and the second grating fixing key through glass solder, and one The temperature compensation grating is welded between the second grating fixing key and the third grating fixing key through glass solder, one end of the first grating fixing key is fixed on the pressure transmission device through a threaded knob, and the other end of the first grating fixing key is passed through the No. 1 The screw top screw is fixed on the pressure test device. The pressure test device and the second grating fixing key are fixed by the No. 2 screw top screw. The pressure test device and the third grating fixing key are fixed by the No. 3 screw top screw. The T-shaped diaphragm of metal material formed by the pressure transmission device is integrally processed. The T-shaped diaphragm at the front end of the pressure transmission device passes through the cavity at the rear end of the pressure test device and contacts the pressure test grating fixed on the pressure test device. The pressure transmission device The front end of the pressure test device and the rear end of the pressure test device are fixed together by gluing, and the internal thread at the rear end of the sealed housing is connected with the external thread in the middle section of the pressure transmission device to seal the pressure test device in the sealed housing, and the outer thread at the front end of the sealed housing The thread is docked with the internal thread at the rear end of the fixture, and the fiber outlet at the front end of the fixture is closed with an M3 fixed plug and sealed with waterproof glue.
与现有技术相比本实用新型的有益效果是： Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
1.光纤光栅制作管道压力传感器，虽然克服了传统压力传感器无法在线监测、精度低、易受电磁干扰、易腐蚀等缺点。但是一般的光纤光栅压力传感器结构比较复杂，对于不同管道压力量程的应用并不合适，往往要根据管道压力范围更换大批传感器，增加了制作成本、延长了施工工期。本实用新型在保证测量精度的前提下，仅仅通过改变压力传导器件1的膜片厚度就能实现所有压力量程下管道的压力测量。压力传导器件1前端为M20×1.5外螺纹，尺寸为大部分测压环境下的标准螺纹尺寸，方便于安装，通过螺纹对接将压力传递至直径12mm的压力膜片上，最终将压力膜片的中心挠度变化转变为压缩光纤光栅，达到测试效果。利用压力越大和中心挠度变化越大的关系，仅仅通过改变压力膜片的厚度来保证压力和中心挠度固定关系，从而保证压缩光栅的一致性，从而保证产品在各个压力量程下的通用性。 1. Fiber Bragg Grating is used to make pipeline pressure sensors, although it overcomes the shortcomings of traditional pressure sensors that cannot be monitored online, has low precision, is susceptible to electromagnetic interference, and is easy to corrode. However, the structure of the general fiber grating pressure sensor is relatively complex, and it is not suitable for the application of different pipeline pressure ranges. It is often necessary to replace a large number of sensors according to the pipeline pressure range, which increases the production cost and prolongs the construction period. Under the premise of ensuring the measurement accuracy, the utility model can realize the pressure measurement of pipelines under all pressure ranges only by changing the diaphragm thickness of the pressure transmission device 1 . The front end of the pressure transmission device 1 is an M20×1.5 external thread, the size of which is the standard thread size in most pressure measurement environments, which is convenient for installation. The pressure is transmitted to the pressure diaphragm with a diameter of 12mm through threaded connection, and finally the pressure diaphragm The central deflection change is transformed into a compressed fiber grating to achieve the test effect. Using the relationship between the greater the pressure and the greater the change of the central deflection, only by changing the thickness of the pressure diaphragm to ensure the fixed relationship between the pressure and the central deflection, so as to ensure the consistency of the compressed grating, thereby ensuring the versatility of the product under various pressure ranges.
2.管道压力测试，往往是将传感器埋入地下，参数漂移是影响管道压力长期监测的重要因素。由于普通光纤光栅传感器常用有氧胶封装，这一固定的方法由于胶体蠕变的原因，对这一拉伸受力状态保持稳定性的影响非常大，只能采用校准和补偿的方法消除，但是由于使用环境的差异导致蠕变的速度并不相同，所以校准和补偿的难度大，精度低。本实用新型采用无氧胶焊接的方式固定光纤光栅，大幅度提高产品的长期稳定性。为了保证稳定的波长反射系数，制作过程中需要先对压力测试光栅11(即‘0’状态是压力测试光栅11拉伸的状态)，光栅始终处于拉伸受力的状态。通过无氧胶焊接的方式(玻璃焊料焊接)代替有氧胶封装的方式，通过长期实验证明对蠕变有较大的改进。 2. For pipeline pressure testing, sensors are often buried underground, and parameter drift is an important factor affecting long-term monitoring of pipeline pressure. Because ordinary fiber grating sensors are often packaged with aerobic glue, this fixing method has a great impact on the stability of this tensile stress state due to the creep of the glue, which can only be eliminated by calibration and compensation methods, but Due to the difference in the use environment, the creep speed is not the same, so the calibration and compensation are difficult and the accuracy is low. The utility model adopts an oxygen-free glue welding method to fix the optical fiber grating, which greatly improves the long-term stability of the product. In order to ensure a stable wavelength reflection coefficient, the pressure test grating 11 needs to be tested first during the production process (that is, the '0' state is the state in which the pressure test grating 11 is stretched), and the grating is always in a state of tension and stress. The way of oxygen-free glue welding (glass solder welding) is used to replace the way of oxygen-free glue packaging, and long-term experiments have proved that the creep is greatly improved.
附图说明 Description of drawings
下面结合附图对本实用新型作进一步的说明： Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described:
图1为本实用新型所述的一种管道压力监测的光纤光栅压力传感器的结构示意图。 FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a fiber grating pressure sensor for pipeline pressure monitoring according to the present invention.
图2为本实用新型所述的一种管道压力监测的光纤光栅压力传感器的连接关系示意图。 Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of a fiber grating pressure sensor for pipeline pressure monitoring according to the present invention.
图3为本实用新型所述的一种管道压力监测的光纤光栅压力传感器采用无氧胶焊接的方式一年的蠕变测试曲线与现有技术中采用有氧胶封装方式的传感器一年的蠕变测试曲线对比图。 Fig. 3 is the one-year creep test curve of a kind of fiber grating pressure sensor for pipeline pressure monitoring described in the utility model adopting the mode of anaerobic glue welding and the one-year creep of the sensor adopting aerobic glue packaging mode in the prior art Variation test curve comparison chart.
图中：1、压力传导器件，2、压力测试器件，3、2号螺钉顶丝，4、密封壳体，5、固定结构，6、1号螺钉顶丝，7、第一光栅固定键，8、第二光栅固定键，9、第三光栅固定键，10、感知压力口，11、压力测试光栅，12、温度补偿光栅，13、3号螺钉顶丝，14、M3固定堵头，15、T型膜片，16、光纤。 In the figure: 1. Pressure conduction device, 2. Pressure test device, 3. No. 2 screw top wire, 4. Sealed shell, 5. Fixed structure, 6. No. 1 screw top wire, 7. The first grating fixing key, 8. Second grating fixed key, 9. Third grating fixed key, 10. Sensing pressure port, 11. Pressure test grating, 12. Temperature compensation grating, 13. No. 3 screw top screw, 14. M3 fixed plug, 15 , T-shaped diaphragm, 16, optical fiber.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本实用新型作详细的描述： Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in detail:
参阅图1及图2，一种管道压力监测的光纤光栅压力传感器，包括压力传导器件1、位于压力传导器件1后端的感知压力口10、压力测试器件2、密封壳体4、固定结构5和一根光纤(16)，光纤(16)上从左至右依次刻有一个压力测试光栅(11)和一个温度补偿光栅(12)，其特征在于，一个压力测试光栅11通过玻璃焊料焊接在第一光栅固定键7和第二光栅固定键8之间，一个温度补偿光栅12通过玻璃焊料焊接在第二光栅固定键8和第三光栅固定键9之间，第一光栅固定键7的一端通过螺纹旋钮固定在压力传导器件1上，第一光栅固定键7的另一端通过1号螺钉顶丝6固定在压力测试器件2上，压力测试器件2与第二光栅固定键8通过2号螺钉顶丝3固定，压力测试器件2与第三光栅固定键9通过3号螺钉顶丝13固定，压力传导器件1前端有与压力传导器件1一体加工成形的金属材质的T型膜片15，压力传导器件1前端的T型膜片15穿过压力测试器件2后端的空腔与固定在压力测试器件2上的压力测试光栅11相接触。压力传导器件1的前端与压力测试器件2的后端通过胶粘固定在一起，密封壳体4后端的内螺纹与压力传导器件1中段的外螺纹对接从而将压力测试器件2密封在密封壳体4中，密封壳体4前端的外螺纹与固定装置5后端的内螺纹对接，固定装置5前端的出纤处通过M3固定堵头14封闭并用防水胶密封。 Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a fiber grating pressure sensor for pipeline pressure monitoring includes a pressure conduction device 1, a sensing pressure port 10 located at the rear end of the pressure conduction device 1, a pressure test device 2, a sealed housing 4, a fixed structure 5 and An optical fiber (16), engraved with a pressure test grating (11) and a temperature compensation grating (12) from left to right on the optical fiber (16), it is characterized in that a pressure test grating 11 is welded by glass solder Between the first grating fixing key 7 and the second grating fixing key 8, a temperature compensation grating 12 is welded between the second grating fixing key 8 and the third grating fixing key 9 through glass solder, and one end of the first grating fixing key 7 passes through The threaded knob is fixed on the pressure transmission device 1, the other end of the first grating fixing key 7 is fixed on the pressure testing device 2 through the No. The wire 3 is fixed, the pressure test device 2 and the third grating fixing key 9 are fixed by the No. 3 screw top wire 13, the front end of the pressure transmission device 1 has a T-shaped diaphragm 15 of metal material that is integrally processed with the pressure transmission device 1, and the pressure transmission The T-shaped diaphragm 15 at the front end of the device 1 passes through the cavity at the rear end of the pressure testing device 2 and contacts the pressure testing grating 11 fixed on the pressure testing device 2 . The front end of the pressure conduction device 1 and the rear end of the pressure test device 2 are fixed together by gluing, and the internal thread at the rear end of the sealed housing 4 is docked with the external thread at the middle section of the pressure conduction device 1 to seal the pressure test device 2 in the sealed housing In 4, the external thread at the front end of the sealing housing 4 is docked with the internal thread at the rear end of the fixing device 5, and the fiber outlet at the front end of the fixing device 5 is closed by an M3 fixed plug 14 and sealed with waterproof glue.
压力传感器件1中，T型膜片15与压力传导器件1为一体加工，T型膜片15的厚度通过高精密车床加工而成，根据测量量程不同，可随意更换不同压力传导器件1，主要目的是更换压力传导器件1中T型膜片15的厚度，使传感器的适应性提高。 In the pressure sensor device 1, the T-shaped diaphragm 15 and the pressure transmission device 1 are integrally processed, and the thickness of the T-shaped diaphragm 15 is processed by a high-precision lathe. Depending on the measurement range, different pressure transmission devices 1 can be replaced at will, mainly The purpose is to change the thickness of the T-shaped diaphragm 15 in the pressure conduction device 1 to improve the adaptability of the sensor.
本实用新型所述的一种管道压力监测的光纤光栅压力传感器，包括压力传导器件1，压力测试光栅11，温度补偿光栅12，其中压力传导器件1的作用：用来将外界压力转换为T型膜片15中心挠度的压缩变化，并且通过灵活的改变压力传导器件1的外形尺寸(直径和厚度)来改变测试量程，保证了产品在各个量程环境下使用的通用性。压力测试器件2的作用：用来将挠度的变化施加在压力测试光栅11上，导致压力测试光栅11收缩，反射波长减小，达到测试目的。温度补偿光栅12的作用是，通过调节温度补偿光栅12的长短和材料热膨胀系数，使得降低压力测试光栅11的温度系数和温度补偿，达到最优温度补偿。由以上本实用新型提供的技术方案可以看出，本实用新型提供的适用于各种管道压力监测，仅仅通过改变压力传导器件1这一个零件即可改变整个量程达到产品的通用性，并且原理采用光纤光栅测试原理适用于远距离传输，抗电磁干扰，绝缘本安等特性。并且内部采用特殊机理的粘接固定使得长期使用基本‘零漂移’，达到产品的稳定性。 A fiber grating pressure sensor for pipeline pressure monitoring described in the utility model includes a pressure conduction device 1, a pressure test grating 11, and a temperature compensation grating 12, wherein the function of the pressure conduction device 1 is to convert the external pressure into a T-type The compressive change of the central deflection of the diaphragm 15 and the change of the test range by flexibly changing the external dimensions (diameter and thickness) of the pressure transmission device 1 ensure the versatility of the product in various range environments. The function of the pressure testing device 2: it is used to apply the change of the deflection to the pressure testing grating 11, causing the pressure testing grating 11 to shrink and the reflection wavelength to decrease, so as to achieve the purpose of testing. The function of the temperature compensation grating 12 is to reduce the temperature coefficient and temperature compensation of the pressure test grating 11 by adjusting the length of the temperature compensation grating 12 and the thermal expansion coefficient of the material to achieve optimal temperature compensation. It can be seen from the above technical solutions provided by the utility model that the utility model is suitable for various pipeline pressure monitoring, and the entire range can be changed only by changing the pressure transmission device 1 to achieve the versatility of the product, and the principle adopts The fiber grating test principle is suitable for long-distance transmission, anti-electromagnetic interference, insulation intrinsic safety and other characteristics. And the special mechanism of bonding and fixing inside makes the long-term use basically "zero drift" and achieves the stability of the product.
表1 Table 1
稳定性的保证：本品设计的光纤光栅压力传感器，当压力增大的时候，中心挠度变化，展现出的是压力测试光栅11的压缩，为了保证稳定的波长反射系数，制作过程中需要先对压力测试光栅11拉伸(即‘0’状态是压力测试光栅11拉伸的状态)。那么压力测试光栅11始终处于拉伸受力的状态，现市面上大部分同类型产品采用的是紫外胶和环氧树脂胶，胶的蠕变对稳定性的影响非常大，只能采用校准和补偿的方法消除，但是由于使用环境的差异导致蠕变的速度并不相同，所以校准和补偿的难度大，精度低，本品通过无氧胶焊接的方式代替有氧胶封装的方式，通过长期实验证明对蠕变有较大的改进。 Guarantee of stability: The fiber grating pressure sensor designed by this product, when the pressure increases, the central deflection changes, showing the compression of the pressure test grating 11, in order to ensure a stable wavelength reflection coefficient, it is necessary to adjust the The stress test grating 11 is stretched (ie the '0' state is the state where the stress test grating 11 is stretched). Then the pressure test grating 11 is always in a state of tension and stress. Most of the same type of products on the market now use ultraviolet glue and epoxy resin glue. The creep of the glue has a great impact on the stability, so only calibration and The compensation method is eliminated, but the creep speed is not the same due to the difference in the use environment, so the calibration and compensation are difficult and the accuracy is low. Experiments have shown that the creep is greatly improved.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104949780A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-09-30 | 吉林大学 | Fiber bragg grating pressure sensor for pipeline pressure monitoring |
| CN108020259A (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2018-05-11 | 北京暖流科技有限公司 | A kind of device of while measurement temperature and pressure |
| CN108398203A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-08-14 | 苏州名列膜材料有限公司 | A kind of blocking solution test device and blocking solution test system |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104949780A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-09-30 | 吉林大学 | Fiber bragg grating pressure sensor for pipeline pressure monitoring |
| CN108020259A (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2018-05-11 | 北京暖流科技有限公司 | A kind of device of while measurement temperature and pressure |
| CN108398203A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-08-14 | 苏州名列膜材料有限公司 | A kind of blocking solution test device and blocking solution test system |
| CN108398203B (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2024-06-04 | 苏州名列膜材料有限公司 | Liquid resistance testing device and liquid resistance testing system |
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