CN204788760U - Linear farming measure of resistance device - Google Patents
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- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
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Abstract
本实用新型属于农业机械技术领域，特别涉及一种线性耕作阻力测定装置，包括悬挂架(1)、机架(2)、第一工作部件安装架(15)、第二工作部件安装架(14)、第三工作部件安装架(3)、平行四杆装置(4)和拉力传感器(5)。采用本实用新型的测定装置可实现对土壤工作部件线性耕作阻力的实时准确的测定，解决土壤工作部件单一耕作阻力精确测定的问题，可适用于铧式犁、各类型开沟器、深松部件、中耕铲等线性耕作阻力的测定。
The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a linear tillage resistance measuring device, comprising a suspension frame (1), a frame (2), a first working part mounting frame (15), a second working part mounting frame (14 ), the third working part mounting frame (3), parallel four-bar device (4) and tension sensor (5). The measuring device of the utility model can realize the real-time and accurate measurement of the linear tillage resistance of the soil working parts, solve the problem of accurate measurement of the single tillage resistance of the soil working parts, and can be applied to conventional plows, various types of openers, and subsoiling parts , cultivating shovel and other linear tillage resistance measurement.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型属于农业机械技术领域，特别涉及一种线性耕作阻力测定装置。The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a linear tillage resistance measuring device.
背景技术Background technique
在土壤耕作过程中，耕作部件对土壤施加作用力，使土壤产生切削、破碎、翻转或土壤位移等效应。土壤对耕作部件表现出的土壤阻力即是土壤耕作阻力。在工作过程中，耕作阻力是波动、随机的，工作部件的结构形状、土壤条件、工作参数是影响土壤耕作阻力的主要因素。研究表明，工作部件结构形状对土壤耕作阻力影响极大，测定土壤耕作阻力可对部件设计提供有效的帮助。During the soil tillage process, the tillage parts exert force on the soil, causing the soil to produce effects such as cutting, crushing, turning over or soil displacement. The soil resistance exhibited by the soil to the tillage parts is the soil tillage resistance. During the working process, the tillage resistance is fluctuating and random, and the structural shape of the working parts, soil conditions, and working parameters are the main factors affecting the soil tillage resistance. Studies have shown that the structural shape of working parts has a great influence on soil tillage resistance, and the measurement of soil tillage resistance can provide effective help for part design.
传统测量耕作阻力多采用双拖拉机法，即是让后拖拉机挂接着被测农具，后拖拉机不开动而由前拖拉机牵引前进，两拖拉机之间通过钢丝绳挂接拉力计。试验时作两次行程测定：第一次行程是空行程测定，后拖拉机的农具处于运输状态，第二次行程是在后拖拉机的农具正常工作时进行测定，两次行程测定的拉力差值为农具的牵引阻力。这种测量方法误差很大，因其是假定在工作行程时，后拖拉机的行走阻力和空行程时的阻力相等，而实际上两者是不相等的，这是因为土壤的情况在两次行程中不同，并且后拖拉机在工作时受到了农具的反作用力，使其前轮的垂直负荷发生了改变，以及牵引钢丝绳的作用方向并不一定通过后拖拉机的重心，使之产生一定力矩，因而改变了前后轮的垂直负荷，这样就带来了较大的测量误差。Traditionally, the double tractor method is used to measure tillage resistance, that is, the rear tractor is attached to the farm tool to be tested, and the rear tractor is not driven but is pulled forward by the front tractor, and the tension gauge is connected between the two tractors through a wire rope. During the test, two stroke measurements were made: the first stroke was an empty stroke measurement, and the agricultural implements of the rear tractor were in the transport state, and the second stroke was measured when the agricultural implements of the rear tractor were in normal operation. The tension difference between the two stroke measurements was Implement traction resistance. This measurement method has a large error, because it assumes that during the working stroke, the walking resistance of the rear tractor is equal to the resistance during the empty stroke, but in fact the two are not equal, because the soil condition is different between the two strokes. In addition, the rear tractor is subjected to the reaction force of the farm implements during work, which changes the vertical load of the front wheel, and the direction of action of the traction wire rope does not necessarily pass through the center of gravity of the rear tractor, causing it to generate a certain moment, thus changing The vertical load of the front and rear wheels is reduced, which brings a large measurement error.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种线性耕作阻力测定装置，能够直接、准确、有效地测定出土壤耕作部件的线性耕作阻力。The purpose of the utility model is to provide a linear tillage resistance measuring device, which can directly, accurately and effectively measure the linear tillage resistance of soil tillage components.
本实用新型的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的：The purpose of this utility model is achieved by the following technical solutions:
线性耕作阻力测定装置，其包括悬挂架1、机架2、第一工作部件安装架15、第二工作部件安装架14、第三工作部件安装架3、平行四杆装置4和拉力传感器5，悬挂架1安装在机架2上；其中，Linear tillage resistance measuring device, which includes a suspension frame 1, a frame 2, a first working part mounting frame 15, a second working part mounting frame 14, a third working part mounting frame 3, a parallelogram device 4 and a tension sensor 5, Suspension frame 1 is installed on the frame 2; Wherein,
机架2为框型结构，包括左侧纵梁16、右侧纵梁17以及与其固接的三根横梁；The frame 2 is a frame structure, including a left longitudinal beam 16, a right longitudinal beam 17 and three beams fixedly connected thereto;
机架2前端的横梁下部安装有销座7，上部纵梁6与固接在机架2上的两根立梁相连；The lower part of the beam at the front end of the frame 2 is equipped with a pin seat 7, and the upper longitudinal beam 6 is connected with two vertical beams fixed on the frame 2;
上部纵梁6上安装有平行四杆装置4，平行四杆装置4包括转轴8、轴承9、摆杆10和工作纵梁11，其中，A parallel four-bar device 4 is installed on the upper longitudinal beam 6, and the parallel four-bar device 4 includes a rotating shaft 8, a bearing 9, a swing rod 10 and a working longitudinal beam 11, wherein,
位于上部的两个转轴8分别与上部纵梁6固定连接，转轴8通过轴承9与摆杆10的上端可转动地连接；The two rotating shafts 8 on the upper part are respectively fixedly connected with the upper longitudinal beam 6, and the rotating shafts 8 are rotatably connected with the upper end of the swing rod 10 through the bearing 9;
位于下部的两个转轴8与工作纵梁11固定连接，转轴8通过轴承9与摆杆10的下端可转动地连接；The two rotating shafts 8 at the lower part are fixedly connected to the working longitudinal beam 11, and the rotating shafts 8 are rotatably connected to the lower end of the swing rod 10 through the bearing 9;
拉力传感器5的一侧与工作纵梁11的一端相连，另一侧通过连接杆13与销座7相连；One side of the tension sensor 5 is connected to one end of the working longitudinal beam 11, and the other side is connected to the pin seat 7 through the connecting rod 13;
第二工作部件安装架14固定安装在平行四杆装置4上的工作纵梁11上，第一工作部件安装架15、第三工作部件安装架3相对于第二工作部件安装架14对称布置。The second working part mounting frame 14 is fixedly installed on the working longitudinal beam 11 on the parallel quadruped device 4 , and the first working part mounting frame 15 and the third working part mounting frame 3 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the second working part mounting frame 14 .
第一工作部件安装架15固定安装在机架2的右侧纵梁17前部，第三工作部件安装架3固定安装在机架2左侧纵梁16的后部。The first working part mounting frame 15 is fixedly installed on the front part of the right longitudinal beam 17 of the frame 2, and the third working part mounting frame 3 is fixedly installed on the rear part of the left side longitudinal beam 16 of the frame 2.
本实用新型的有益效果在于：The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
本实用新型采用平行四杆装置加拉力传感器的方法测定线性耕作阻力，土壤工作部件安装在平行四杆装置上，拉力传感器安装在机架与平行四杆装置之间，当工作部件受到耕作阻力时，耕作阻力与机具前进方向相反，平行四杆装置能够保证工作部件仅作平行移动，耕作部件受到的耕作阻力通过拉力传感器测定出来。同时，等间隔布置三组工作部件，中间一组工作部件安装在平行四杆装置上，用于测定工作部件的耕作阻力，两侧的工作部件保证中间的工作部件始终处于稳定的工作状态。The utility model adopts the method of adding a tension sensor to a parallel four-bar device to measure linear tillage resistance. The soil working parts are installed on the parallel four-bar device, and the tension sensor is installed between the frame and the parallel four-bar device. , the tillage resistance is opposite to the advance direction of the implement, and the parallel four-bar device can ensure that the working parts only move in parallel, and the tillage resistance received by the tillage parts is measured by the tension sensor. At the same time, three sets of working parts are arranged at equal intervals. The middle set of working parts is installed on a parallel four-bar device to measure the tillage resistance of the working parts. The working parts on both sides ensure that the working parts in the middle are always in a stable working state.
采用本实用新型的测定装置可实现对土壤工作部件线性耕作阻力的实时准确的测定，解决土壤工作部件单一耕作阻力精确测定的问题，可适用于铧式犁、各类型开沟器、深松部件、中耕铲等线性耕作阻力的测定。The measuring device of the utility model can realize the real-time and accurate measurement of the linear tillage resistance of the soil working parts, solve the problem of accurate measurement of the single tillage resistance of the soil working parts, and can be applied to conventional plows, various types of openers, and subsoiling parts , cultivating shovel and other linear tillage resistance measurement.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型的线性耕作阻力测定装置的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of linear tillage resistance measuring device of the present utility model;
图2为本实用新型的线性耕作阻力测定装置的机架的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the frame of the linear tillage resistance measuring device of the present utility model;
图3为本实用新型的线性耕作阻力测定装置的平行四杆装置的结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the parallel four-bar device of the linear tillage resistance measuring device of the present invention.
附图标记：Reference signs:
1悬挂架2机架3第三工作部件安装架1 Suspension frame 2 Rack 3 Third working part mounting frame
4平行四杆装置5拉力传感器6上部纵梁4 parallel four-bar device 5 tension sensor 6 upper longitudinal beam
7销座8转轴9轴承7 pin seat 8 rotating shaft 9 bearing
10摆杆11工作纵梁12螺杆10 swing rod 11 working longitudinal beam 12 screw rod
13连接杆14第二工作部件安装架15第一工作部件安装架13 connecting rod 14 second working part mounting frame 15 first working part mounting frame
16左侧纵梁17右侧纵梁16 Left side beam 17 Right side beam
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合实施例及附图对本实用新型作进一步说明与描述。Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the utility model is further illustrated and described.
如图1所示，线性耕作阻力测定装置，包括悬挂架1、机架2、第一工作部件安装架15、第二工作部件安装架14、第三工作部件安装架3、平行四杆装置4和拉力传感器5。悬挂架1安装在机架2上。As shown in Figure 1, the linear tillage resistance measuring device includes a suspension frame 1, a frame 2, a first working part mounting frame 15, a second working part mounting frame 14, a third working part mounting frame 3, and a parallel four-bar device 4 and tension sensor 5. The suspension frame 1 is installed on the frame 2.
如图2所示，机架2为框型结构，包括左侧纵梁16、右侧纵梁17以及与其固接的三根横梁。机架2前端的横梁下部安装有销座7，上部纵梁6与固接在机架2上的两根立梁相连。As shown in FIG. 2 , the frame 2 is a frame structure, including a left longitudinal beam 16 , a right longitudinal beam 17 and three cross beams fixedly connected thereto. The crossbeam bottom of frame 2 front ends is equipped with pin seat 7, and upper longitudinal beam 6 links to each other with two vertical beams affixed on the frame 2.
如图3所示，上部纵梁6上安装有平行四杆装置4。平行四杆装置4包括转轴8、轴承9、摆杆10和工作纵梁11。其中，位于上部的两个转轴8分别与上部纵梁6固定连接，转轴8通过轴承9与摆杆10的上端可转动地连接；位于下部的两个转轴8与工作纵梁11固定连接，转轴8通过轴承9与摆杆10的下端可转动地连接。As shown in FIG. 3 , a parallel four-bar device 4 is installed on the upper longitudinal beam 6 . The parallel four-bar device 4 includes a rotating shaft 8 , a bearing 9 , a swing rod 10 and a working longitudinal beam 11 . Wherein, the two rotating shafts 8 at the top are fixedly connected with the upper longitudinal beam 6 respectively, and the rotating shafts 8 are rotatably connected with the upper end of the swing rod 10 through the bearing 9; the two rotating shafts 8 at the lower part are fixedly connected with the working longitudinal beam 11, and the rotating shafts 8 is rotatably connected with the lower end of the swing rod 10 through the bearing 9.
拉力传感器5的一端通过螺杆12与工作纵梁11的一端相连，另一端通过连接杆13与销座7相连。拉力传感器5测定的数据可以与测量仪表配合使用，将测定的数据实时显示输出。One end of the tension sensor 5 is connected to one end of the working longitudinal beam 11 through a screw rod 12 , and the other end is connected to the pin seat 7 through a connecting rod 13 . The data measured by the tension sensor 5 can be used in conjunction with a measuring instrument to display and output the measured data in real time.
第一工作部件安装架15、第三工作部件安装架3相对于第二工作部件安装架14对称布置。在本实施里中，第一工作部件安装架15通过U型螺栓固定安装在机架2的右侧纵梁17前部，第二工作部件安装架14通过U型螺栓固定安装在平行四杆装置4上的工作纵梁11上，第三工作部件安装架3通过U型螺栓固定安装在机架2左侧纵梁16的后部。The first working part mounting frame 15 and the third working part mounting frame 3 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the second working part mounting frame 14 . In this implementation, the first working part mounting frame 15 is fixedly installed on the front part of the right longitudinal beam 17 of the frame 2 through U-shaped bolts, and the second working part mounting frame 14 is fixedly mounted on the parallel four-bar device through U-shaped bolts. 4 on the working longitudinal beam 11, the third working part installation frame 3 is fixedly installed on the rear part of the left longitudinal beam 16 of the frame 2 through U-shaped bolts.
第二工作部件安装架14上安装的部件为主要的测力工作部件，用于测定线性耕作阻力，第一工作部件安装架15、第三工作部件安装架3安装的部件作为配合使用，用于保证第二工作部件安装架14上的测力工作部件平稳工作。The parts installed on the second working part mounting frame 14 are main force-measuring working parts, which are used to measure linear tillage resistance, and the parts installed by the first working part mounting frame 15 and the third working part mounting frame 3 are used as cooperation for Ensure that the force-measuring working parts on the second working part mounting frame 14 work smoothly.
使用线性耕作阻力测定装置测定线性耕作阻力的方法如下：The method of measuring the linear tillage resistance by using the linear tillage resistance measuring device is as follows:
被测工作部件安装在平行四杆装置4上的工作纵梁11上，拉力传感器5安装在机架2与平行四杆装置4中间，平行四杆装置4保证工作部件仅作平行移动，当工作部件受到耕作阻力时，耕作阻力与机具前进方向相反，耕作部件受到的耕作阻力通过拉力传感器5实时测定。The working part to be tested is installed on the working longitudinal beam 11 on the parallel four-bar device 4, and the tension sensor 5 is installed between the frame 2 and the parallel four-bar device 4. The parallel four-bar device 4 ensures that the working parts only move in parallel. When the parts are subjected to tillage resistance, the tillage resistance is opposite to the advancing direction of the implement, and the tillage resistance received by the tillage parts is measured in real time by the tension sensor 5 .
最后所应说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本实用新型的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本实用新型进行了详细说明，本领域的普遍技术人员应当理解，可以对本实用新型实施的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本实用新型的设计精神和范围，其均应涵盖在本实用新型的权利要求范围当中。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the utility model without limitation. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the utility model can be Modifications or equivalent replacements of the technical solutions implemented in the new model without departing from the spirit and scope of the design of the utility model shall be covered by the scope of the claims of the utility model.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105911985A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-08-31 | 扬州大学 | Agricultural machinery automatic driving control device based on Beidou navigation |
| CN108196032A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-06-22 | 天津大学 | A kind of plough soil device for being suitable for indoor geotechnical model experimental tank |
| CN111795766A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2020-10-20 | 山东省农业机械科学研究院 | Test device and test method for traction resistance of potato harvester |
| CN116368993A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2023-07-04 | 精密种植有限责任公司 | Seeding ditch closed ditch sensor |
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2015
- 2015-07-27 CN CN201520549071.7U patent/CN204788760U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105911985A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-08-31 | 扬州大学 | Agricultural machinery automatic driving control device based on Beidou navigation |
| CN105911985B (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2019-03-01 | 扬州大学 | Automatic driving of agricultural machinery control method based on Beidou navigation |
| CN116368993A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2023-07-04 | 精密种植有限责任公司 | Seeding ditch closed ditch sensor |
| CN108196032A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-06-22 | 天津大学 | A kind of plough soil device for being suitable for indoor geotechnical model experimental tank |
| CN111795766A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2020-10-20 | 山东省农业机械科学研究院 | Test device and test method for traction resistance of potato harvester |
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