CN204779860U - A anodic structure for reducing anode effect occurring frequency in aluminium electroloysis - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a frequency anodic structure that anode effect takes place in the reduction aluminium electroloysis, including positive pole steel claw and positive pole charcoal piece, characterized by: the through -hole that along claw post the central axis lead to positive pole charcoal piece bottom is seted up at the top back that positive pole steel claw was put the beams in place. Its advantage is: can be with the mixed gas outgoing of carbon positive pole palm bottom position, increased oxygen and aluminium liquid direct contact's chance many times simultaneously, effectively reduced the frequency of anode effect emergence in the aluminium electroloysis, greatly reduced the manufacturing cost of electrolytic aluminum.

Description

A kind of anode construction for reducing electrolysis of aluminum Anodic effect occurrence frequency

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of anode construction for reducing electrolysis of aluminum Anodic effect occurrence frequency, belongs to carbon anode technical field in Aluminium Electrolysis.

Background technology

Anode effect is the distinctive phenomenon of fused salt electrolysis, and with Aluminum Electrolysis Production performance excellent be obvious.In production when anode effect occurs, bath voltage sharply raises, and reaches 20 ~ 50V, sometimes even higher.Its generation produces a very large impact whole electrolytic series, and current efficiency is reduced, and affects each technical indicator of electrolysis, and the seed output and quality of aluminium is reduced, and destroys the steady electricity supply of whole electrolytic series.In the method for process, generally there are two kinds: extinguish by effect rod (wooden stick), or reduce anode, increase the discharge quantity of aluminum oxide; To reach the object of anode effect terminating.Also find no better treatment process up till now.

Anode effect occur mechanism: up till now about anode effect occur mechanism opinions vary, but the genesis mechanism of well explain anode effect is that " anodic process change theory " this viewpoint is thought: anode effect be due to the carrying out along with electrolytic process, in ionogen, oxygen-carrying ion reduces gradually, after acquiring a certain degree, then there is fluorine harm and generate the fluorochemical of charcoal with anode carbon effect, the fluorochemical of charcoal separates out again trickle carbon granule when decomposing, these carbon granules are on the anode surface attached, prevent the contact of ionogen and anode, make ionogen can not moistening anode well, just as water can not the surface of moistening oiling, make to be formed between ionogen-anode one deck and conduct electricity bad air film, anodic overvoltage increases, cause anode effect.After adding new aluminum oxide, anode separates out oxygen again, oxygen and powdered carbon react, and make anode surface quiet gradually, resistance reduces, and electrolytic process is tending towards again normal.The reason that this viewpoint well explain anode effect occurs, by electrolysis, scientific worker is accepted.

Anode effect endangers: in the hazardness of Aluminium Electrolysis Anodic effect, not only shows in the harm of producing, and extremely serious to the harm of ecological ring environment.Be mainly reflected in the following aspects: (1) anode effect hazardness is to the harm of producing: in production when anode effect occurs, electrolytical temperature sharply raises, 940 DEG C ~ 955 DEG C by normal value are elevated to 980 DEG C ~ 990 DEG C rapidly, the fusing of stove side is thinning, adds the possibility that side wall carbon block is etched.The sharply rising of voltage, makes Series current fluctuation, affects the output of electrolyzer, and power consumption increases.The extinguishing method producing Anodic effect is: effect rod i.e. (branches of about 2 ~ 3 rice diameter 2 ~ 4cm) are inserted in aluminium liquid the gas membrane making wooden stick fire row except anode bottom, bottom clean anode, actual is at Burning Aluminium liquid, whole process approximately continues 3 ~ 5 minutes, and the electrochemical process of now electrolysis stops, this namely electrolysis worker often say that " Effect time does not produce aluminium, but also " the reason place of wanting leakage of electricity to consume.Therefore the heavy losses of aluminium liquid are caused.For 300KA pre-baked anode cell with center feeding: effect coefficient 0.3 time/groove day, Effect time 5min, current efficiency 93%, the time of a process effect is 60min, an anode effect produces primary aluminum less: 300 × 0.3355 × 5 ÷ 60=8.4kg, and ton aluminium power consumption increases 158kwh; This energy is converted into heat energy aborning mostly, and temperature between electrolyzer pole span is sharply raised, and then the conduction of anode surrounding, and the electrolyzer temperature made raises, and causes a large amount of volatilizations of aluminum fluoride in ionogen.

Traditional viewpoint is thought: utilize anode effect to be separated breeze, and clean ionogen, supplements the deficiency of electrolyzer heat, changes precipitation.But along with the raising of quality of anode and Intelligent Fuzzy Control department of computer science unify the application of point feeding technology, anode effect advantage more and more becomes negligible, and therefore traditional this viewpoint can not adapt to current modern electrolyzer and produce.(2) anode effect is to the harm of environment: in Aluminium Electrolysis, and anode effect is also along with the generation to the damaging PFCs of atmospheric ozone layer (CF4.C2F6) gas.Current western developed country is very strict to the environmental requirement of electrolysis of aluminum.Our country is the signature country of international " Kyodo Protocol book ", and reduce Greenhouse effect, environment protection is obligation one can't decline.Therefore on control noxious gas emission, the reinforcement that will be bound to from now on.In Aluminium Electrolysis, strict control anode effect is the requirement in epoch.(3) anode effect is to the harm of forest: the extinguishing method of Aluminium Electrolysis Anodic effect has three kinds: (1), use leakage shovel anode effect terminating.(2) drag anode effect terminating, is used.(3), with effect rod (wooden stick) anode effect terminating.These three kinds of methods are Aluminium Electrolysis particularly methods of commonly using of self-roasting tank.At present, self-roasting tank is domestic is nearly all transformed into pre-baked anode cell with center feeding.And anode production is organized in prebaked cell employing more, the method for drag, leakage shovel anode effect terminating loses effect, effect rod, that is: the branch of about 2 ~ 3 rice diameter 2 ~ 4cm, becomes the unique method extinguishing effect.The develop rapidly of Present Domestic Aluminium Electrolysis, within 2003, broken through 520 tons, become the first in the world Chan Lv state, the use of effect rod sharply increases.As mustn't go to control, havoc will inevitably be brought to forest.

Society, particularly western countries, very strict to the control of Aluminium Electrolysis Anodic effect.The idea in management of " aiming at null effect " that famous international aluminium expert Haupin proposes, be worth our thinking, Haupin thinks, according to the present situation of aluminum i ndustry development, " null effect " manages ideal.In today that environmental protection becomes more and more important, in Aluminium Electrolysis, particularly strictly anode effect should be controlled in large-scale pre-baked cell is produced, as long as electrolytic bath condition is normal, just effect need not be carried out." null effect " management is the direction of Aluminium Electrolysis Future Development.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of anode construction that effectively can reduce electrolysis of aluminum Anodic effect occurrence frequency.

The technical solution of the utility model is as follows:

The utility model comprises anode steel jaw and anode carbon block, it is characterized in that: offer at the back, top of anode steel jaw upper beam and lead to through hole bottom anode carbon block along pawl post central axis.

The diameter of described through hole is between 30 ~ 60 ㎜.

The utility model has the advantages that: the mixed gas of position, carbon anode palm bottom can be discharged, increased the chance that oxygen repeatedly directly contacts with aluminium liquid simultaneously, effectively reduce the frequency that electrolysis of aluminum Anodic effect occurs, greatly reduce the production cost of electrolytic aluminum.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of carbon anode;

Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the stereographic map of anode steel jaw;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of anode carbon block;

Fig. 5 is Aluminum Electrolysis Production schematic diagram.

In figure: 1. anode rod, 2. anode steel jaw, 3. anode carbon block, 4. through hole, 5. gas collection layer, 6. dielectric substrate, 7. aluminium cell, 8. aluminium liquid layer, 9. charcoal negative electrode, 10. metal wave layer.

Embodiment

With reference to accompanying drawing 1 ~ 4, anode construction of the present utility model, comprises anode steel jaw 2 and anode carbon block 3, offers lead to through hole 4 bottom anode carbon block along pawl post central axis at the back, top of anode steel jaw upper beam.

The diameter of described through hole is between 30 ~ 60 ㎜.

Embodiment:

With reference to accompanying drawing 5, for 300KA pre-baked anode cell with center feeding: the six pawl anodes adopting prior art, effect coefficient 0.3 time/groove day, Effect time 5min, current efficiency 93%, the time of a process effect is 60min, and an anode effect produces primary aluminum less: 300 × 0.3355 × 5 ÷ 60=8.4kg, and ton aluminium power consumption increases 158kwh.

Adopt technology of the present utility model, a through hole led to bottom anode carbon block is offered along each pawl post central axis in the back, top of anode steel jaw upper beam, and the diameter of each through hole is 40 ㎜.Effect coefficient reduces to 0.1 time/groove day, and primary aluminum output is increased, and ton aluminium power consumption obviously reduces.

Claims (2)

1. for reducing an anode construction for electrolysis of aluminum Anodic effect occurrence frequency, comprise anode steel jaw and anode carbon block, it is characterized in that: offer at the back, top of anode steel jaw upper beam and lead to through hole bottom anode carbon block along pawl post central axis.

2. the anode construction for reducing electrolysis of aluminum Anodic effect occurrence frequency according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the diameter of described through hole is between 30 ~ 60 ㎜.