CN204775998U - A variable -pitch propeller oar and unmanned aerial vehicle for high altitude unmanned aerial vehicle - Google Patents
A variable -pitch propeller oar and unmanned aerial vehicle for high altitude unmanned aerial vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN204775998U CN204775998U CN201520440109.7U CN201520440109U CN204775998U CN 204775998 U CN204775998 U CN 204775998U CN 201520440109 U CN201520440109 U CN 201520440109U CN 204775998 U CN204775998 U CN 204775998U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a variable -pitch propeller oar and unmanned aerial vehicle for high altitude unmanned aerial vehicle. The utility model discloses a high altitude unmanned aerial vehicle's variable -pitch propeller oar includes the propeller hub, fixes pivot and suit just surperficial continuous paddle in the pivot on the propeller hub, the paddle includes movable oar piece, and movable oar piece can revolute the rotation of axes under the atmospheric pressure difference of the leading edge of this movable oar piece and trailing edge, be provided with reset structure between movable oar piece and the pivot, this reset structure is used for reseing rotatory movable oar piece. A high altitude unmanned aerial vehicle, includes fuselage and as above the variable -pitch propeller oar, the propeller hub of this variable -pitch propeller oar is fixed on the fuselage. The utility model discloses a with the suit and the fixed continuous paddle in the epaxial variable -pitch propeller oar of commentaries on classics surface of propeller hub set to and to have simplified screw displacement structure at about shaft rotation's under self leading edge and the trailing edge pressure differential movable oar piece and the mode that sets up movable oar piece reset structure between movable oar piece and pivot, adapted to the requirement of the long boat unmanned aerial vehicle in high altitude to the screw.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of nonuniform pitch propeller for High Altitude UAV and unmanned plane, belongs to technical field of aerospace.
Background technology
The cruising altitude of high-altitude long-endurance unmanned plane is 20 kms, cruise time was more than 24 hours, atmospheric density lower (being about 1/14 of ground air density) under this high altitude environment, therefore requires the screw propeller of unmanned plane to have the light feature of quality and high at its pneumatic efficiency of cruising phase.And, due to High Altitude UAV time-to-climb long (U.S.'s the Global Hawk unmanned air vehicle climb 19 kms need about 115 minutes), in process of climbing, required pulling force comparatively large (being generally 3-4 times when cruising), now needs the rotating speed improving screw propeller.But propeller speed raising makes the advance of screw propeller diminish than (advancing than the relative size for representing flying speed and rotative speed), also namely reduces the pneumatic efficiency of screw propeller.
In order to improve the pneumatic efficiency of little advance than screw propeller in large pulling force situation, High Altitude UAV screw propeller many employings feather form of the prior art, namely with the pitch-changing mechanism being positioned at propeller hub, the stagger angle of blade is adjusted to optimum position according to advance Billy, improves the pneumatic efficiency of screw propeller with this.
Nonuniform pitch propeller of the prior art has two classes, one class is the nonuniform pitch propeller used on large aircraft, this kind of nonuniform pitch propeller general displacement speed and frequency all lower, add that needed for large-size propeller displacement, moment is larger, so this kind of nonuniform pitch propeller often adopt be hydraulic efficiency pressure system drive pitch-changing mechanism, realize the displacement of screw propeller; Another kind of is nonuniform pitch propeller on middle-size and small-size aircraft, and this kind of nonuniform pitch propeller uses decelerator to drive worm-and-wheel gear motion, and then drives pitch-changing mechanism, realizes the displacement of screw propeller.Although above displacement method can produce larger displacement moment, but whole displacement system authority is complicated, not only cause the higher but also weight of cost comparatively large, be only applicable to the aircraft that some speed are higher, power is larger, and be not suitable for the requirement of Altitude Long Endurance Unmanned Air Vehicle to screw propeller.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of nonuniform pitch propeller for High Altitude UAV and unmanned plane, to solve the problem that variable-pitch propeller paddle mechanism of the prior art complexity is unwell to High Altitude UAV use.
For a nonuniform pitch propeller for High Altitude UAV, comprise propeller hub, be fixed on the rotating shaft on propeller hub and be sleeved in rotating shaft and surperficial continuous print blade; Blade includes movable blade, and movable blade can rotate around the shaft under the draught head of the leading edge of this movable blade and trailing edge; Be provided with resetting structure between movable blade and rotating shaft, this resetting structure is used for the movable blade rotated to reset.
The further improvement of above-mentioned nonuniform pitch propeller, resetting structure is set to torsion spring, and this torsion spring to be sleeved in rotating shaft and to connect movable blade.Preferably, torsion spring is arranged with an initial moment of torsion in initial state, and also namely the initial condition of this torsion spring is the twisting states with certain moment of torsion.
The further improvement of above-mentioned nonuniform pitch propeller, blade is provided with position limiting structure, and this position limiting structure is for limiting the anglec of rotation of movable blade; This position limiting structure is the position-limited lever arranged below the lower aerofoil of movable blade, and position-limited lever is less than the distance of position-limited lever apart from movable blade trailing edge apart from the distance of movable blade leading edge.
The further improvement of above-mentioned nonuniform pitch propeller, blade and rotating shaft are provided with the position limiting structure cooperatively interacted, this position limiting structure is that groove and movable blade that rotating shaft is arranged are arranged with projection that is fit depressions, and this projection can be moved along the hand of rotation of movable blade in groove.
The further improvement of above-mentioned nonuniform pitch propeller, movable blade is more than one or two.Preferably, blade also comprises root blade and tip blade, and this root blade is fixedly connected with propeller hub, and tip blade is fixedly connected with rotating shaft, and movable blade is arranged between root blade and tip blade.
The further improvement of above-mentioned nonuniform pitch propeller, this nonuniform pitch propeller also comprises: flexible connecting member, this flexible connecting member is covered in the annular slot at adjacent two blade contact position places, and adjacent two blades link together to make adjacent two blades have the relative shift in preset range by flexible connecting member.Preferably, this flexible connecting member is elastic film.
A kind of High Altitude UAV, comprise fuselage and nonuniform pitch propeller as above, the propeller hub of this nonuniform pitch propeller is fixed on fuselage.
The utility model adopts the structure being arranged to the nonuniform pitch propeller surface continuous print blade be sleeved in the rotating shaft fixed with propeller hub to have movable blade for the nonuniform pitch propeller of High Altitude UAV and unmanned plane, when making aircraft in flight course, movable blade can be rotated around the shaft and be resetted by the movable blade rotated by the resetting structure arranged between movable blade and rotating shaft when unmanned plane rotation speed change or leading edge and the change of trailing edge draught head under the draught head of leading edge and trailing edge.Such structure makes the screw propeller of Altitude Long Endurance Unmanned Air Vehicle, in the medium and small advance of the process of climbing than under operating mode, not be used in increase under power transmission structure carries out to screw propeller the moment of torsion that displacement just can produce at the difference of pressure of self leading edge of movable blade and trailing edge and regulate the blade angle of attack voluntarily, thus reasonably optimizing load diatibution improves pneumatic efficiency, simplify Propeller variable pitch structure, improve the propulsion coefficient of screw propeller under this usage condition, adapt to the requirement of high-altitude long-endurance unmanned plane to screw propeller.The nonuniform pitch propeller with flexible connecting member then can ensure that blade has better aerodynamic configuration.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The mappings such as the nonuniform pitch propeller for High Altitude UAV of Fig. 1 given by the utility model embodiment;
The nonuniform pitch propeller birds-eye view for High Altitude UAV of Fig. 2 given by the utility model embodiment;
The resetting structure birds-eye view of Fig. 3 given by the utility model embodiment;
The local structure schematic diagram of the movable blade of Fig. 4 given by the utility model embodiment.
In figure:
10, propeller hub; 20, rotating shaft;
30, blade; 31, root blade;
32, movable blade; 321, leading edge;
322, trailing edge; 33, tip blade;
34, resetting structure; 341, torsion spring;
35, position limiting structure; 351, position-limited lever;
352, groove; 353, protruding;
36, annular slot; 37, elastic film.
Detailed description of the invention
Be described in detail to detailed description of the invention of the present utility model below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, should be understood that, detailed description of the invention described herein is only for instruction and explanation of the utility model, and the utility model is not limited to following detailed description of the invention.
In utility model, for ease of understanding and describing, when not doing contrary explanation, the noun of locality such as " upper and lower, left and right " of use typically refers to reference to upper and lower, left and right shown in the drawings; It is forward and backward that " forward and backward " refers to reference to paper shown in the drawings; " inside and outside " refers to profile inside and outside relative to each parts itself, but the above-mentioned noun of locality is not limited to the utility model.
First aspect of the present utility model provides a kind of nonuniform pitch propeller for High Altitude UAV, and as shown in Figure 1-2, nonuniform pitch propeller comprises propeller hub 10, rotating shaft 20 and surperficial continuous print blade 30.Blade 30 includes movable blade 32, and this movable blade 32 can 20 rotate around the shaft, carries out during this rotation under the leading edge 321 of movable blade 32 and the draught head of trailing edge 322.Also be provided with resetting structure 34 between movable blade 32 and rotating shaft 20, this resetting structure 34, for the movable blade 32 rotated under the draught head of leading edge 321 and trailing edge 322 is returned to initial position, namely reduces the direction of movable blade 32 blade angle.
Wherein, one end of rotating shaft 20 is fixed on propeller hub 10, and blade 30 is sleeved in rotating shaft 20 by axle sleeve.Alternatively, in order to ensure that screw propeller has more excellent function, the lower end of rotating shaft 20 should not exceed the lower end of blade 30.
Concrete, the leading edge 321 of movable blade 32 and trailing edge 322 are that the initial condition installed by screw propeller is determined, this belongs to prior art.As shown in Figure 1, leading edge 321 is positioned at the left side of movable blade 32, and trailing edge 322 is positioned at the right side of movable blade 32.
In actual use, High Altitude UAV, when climbing, adjusts the rotating speed of screw propeller, different stream pressures can be subject between the leading edge 321 of movable blade 32 and trailing edge 322, also namely, leading edge 321 and trailing edge 322 produce difference of pressure, produce 20 moments of torsion rotated around the shaft.Movable blade 32 does rotation in various degree thus changes the blade angle of propeller blade 30 under this moment of torsion, improves the pneumatic efficiency of screw propeller.There is provided a reset force to movable blade 32 by resetting structure 34, all the time the torque magnitude making leading edge 321 and trailing edge 322 provide for movable blade 32 and the reset force size balance of resetting structure 34, thus the blade angle of High Altitude UAV screw propeller in the flight course such as to climb can be made to be in optimum position all the time, the pneumatic efficiency of screw propeller is the highest.
Be pointed out that, this resetting structure 34 does not represent and all movable blade 32 is returned to initial position completely all the time, and refer to that resetting structure 34 at least can make movable blade 32 move to the ability of initial position towards initial position direction, in some cases, movable blade 32 can be returned to initial position completely.Namely initial position represents position during the non-displacement of this nonuniform pitch propeller, position when also namely movable blade 32 just installs.
Adopt and the propeller blade 30 be sleeved in rotating shaft 20 is arranged to have movable blade 32 and the mode arranging resetting structure 34 between movable blade 32 and rotating shaft 20, not only meet the function of the adjustment blade angle of screw propeller in the process of climbing, but also simplified Power output and the transferring structure of nonuniform pitch propeller, make the structure of the nonuniform pitch propeller of High Altitude UAV simpler, weight is also more light, more meets the requirement of High Altitude UAV to screw propeller weight.
A kind of preferred implementation of above-mentioned nonuniform pitch propeller, resetting structure 34 can take to connect the spring of movable blade 32 and rotating shaft 20, highly elastic material (such as rubber) or torsion spring 341 as shown in Figure 4.Such as, be fixed on movable blade 32 one end of spring, the other end is fixed in rotating shaft 20.When movable blade 32 rotates, can stretch, or Compress Spring, then spring can produce a restoring force to movable blade 32.As a kind of optimal way, torsion spring 341 to be sleeved in rotating shaft 20 and to be connected with movable blade 32.Such torsion spring 341 can be in non-deformed state when mounted, but in order to blade 32 movable when High Altitude UAV cruises angular deflection does not occur, can the initial moment that movable blade 32 can rotate around the shaft under the usage condition that cruises be applied to when mounted according to actual needs torsion spring 341, also namely, torsion spring 341 is made to be in certain twisting states.This moment should meet the following conditions: when high cruise, the leading edge 321 of movable blade 32 and the difference of the stream pressure suffered by trailing edge 322 are not more than the restoring force that initial torque that torsion spring 341 is applied in when mounted produces, also be, this initial torque can make movable blade 32 not deflect under cruising condition, and deflects under other states.
Concrete, torsion spring 341 can have two kinds of concrete mounting meanss, and the first mounting means is sleeved on by torsion spring 341 in rotating shaft 20 and is fixed at the two ends of torsion spring 341 between adjacent two blades; The second mounting means is sleeved on by torsion spring 341 in rotating shaft 20 and is fixed in rotating shaft 20 by one end of torsion spring 341, and one end is fixed on movable blade 32.
Adopt torsion spring 341 as resetting structure 34, its structure is simple, easy for installation, and an initial moment can being applied to ensure that High Altitude UAV movable blade 32 when cruising angular deflection does not occur to resetting structure 34 when mounted, ensureing the stable operation of High Altitude UAV under cruising condition.
Refer to Fig. 3, a kind of preferred implementation of above-mentioned nonuniform pitch propeller, blade 30 and rotating shaft 20 are provided with the position limiting structure 35 cooperatively interacted, this position limiting structure 35 is for limiting the anglec of rotation of movable blade 32.This position limiting structure 35 can be the slide construction that movable blade 32 axle sleeve and rotating shaft 20 are arranged.As shown in Figure 3, the groove 352 that the projection 353 that movable blade 32 axle sleeve is arranged and rotating shaft 20 are arranged, this projection 353 can be moved along the hand of rotation of movable blade 32 in groove 352.Or the projection 353 that the groove 352 that movable blade 32 axle sleeve is arranged and rotating shaft 20 are arranged, these protruding 353 confinement groove 352 are along the displacement of movable blade 32 hand of rotation.Or rotating shaft 20 is provided with chute, movable blade 32 axle sleeve is provided with the pulley matched with chute, movable blade 32 anglec of rotation limits by the chute distance length arranged.
Refer to Fig. 4, a kind of preferred implementation of above-mentioned nonuniform pitch propeller, blade 30 is provided with position limiting structure 35, and this position limiting structure 35 is for limiting the anglec of rotation of movable blade 32.This position limiting structure 35 can be the position-limited lever 351 of the connection propeller hub 10 arranged below the lower aerofoil of movable blade 32, this position-limited lever 351 should be arranged on the side near leading edge 321, also be, position-limited lever 351 is less than the distance of position-limited lever 351 apart from movable blade 32 trailing edge 322 apart from the distance of movable blade 32 leading edge 321, preferably immediately below leading edge 321, the diameter of simultaneously such position-limited lever 351 should meet the function of the utility model realization, reduces the impact on aerofoil profile flow-disturbing as far as possible.
Adopt position limiting structure 35 can limit the deflection angle of movable blade 32 under the reset force of resetting structure 34, avoid deflection angle excessive thus occur the situation of the too small or negative angle of attack of blade 30 effective angle of attack, ensureing High Altitude UAV stable working state.
A kind of preferred implementation of above-mentioned nonuniform pitch propeller, movable blade 32 can be set to 1, and namely whole blade 30 is movable blade 32.Also can movable blade 32 be set to multiple, such as 2-5, now, blade 30 can be formed by these movable blades 32 successively package packing rotating shaft 20.Movable blade 32 also can form blade 30 with a root blade 31 together with a tip blade 33.Now, root blade 31 is fixedly connected with propeller hub 10, and tip blade 33 is fixedly connected with rotating shaft 20,1 or multiple movable blade 32 is set in turn between root blade 31 and tip blade 33.When having root blade 31, because root blade 31 is fixed on propeller hub 10, then rotating shaft 20 can be fixed with through root blade 31 and propeller hub 10, also can directly and root blade 31 fixing, its essence is also that rotating shaft 20 is fixed on propeller hub 10.
Adopt the mode of multiple movable blade 32, the moment of torsion difference to some extent that difference of pressure between the leading edge 321 of the movable blade 32 of diverse location and trailing edge 322 produces, the anglec of rotation of the movable blade 32 of diverse location is made also to be different, like this, better can adapt to stream pressure change and reach better blade angle.Adopt fixed root blade 31 can eliminate gap between blade 30 and propeller hub 10, reduce when air-flow flows through gap and on the impact of screw propeller flight efficiency, propeller works efficiency can be improved.Adopt fixed tip blade 33 that the plane of rotation of propeller blade 30 tip can be made vertical with S. A. 20 all the time, improve flight efficiency.
A kind of preferred implementation of above-mentioned nonuniform pitch propeller, when there being multiple blade, annular slot 36 place produced at adjacent two contact position places is coated with flexible connecting member, and when movable blade 32 rotates, adjacent two blades can link together by flexible connecting member.When not having the root blade 31 be connected with propeller hub 10, such as, what be connected with propeller hub 10 is movable blade 32, then annular slot 36 place between propeller hub 10 and the blade adjacent with propeller hub 10 also can cover such flexible connecting member.This flexible connecting member is the attaching parts having certain elasticity and can have certain displacement amount, such as, elastic film 37, paster, rubberizing or polypropylene film (PP film) etc., this flexible connecting member should have the ability of the anti-oxidant and Anti-temperature difference consistent with its function.
The annular slot 36 adopting flexible connecting member to cover between adjacent two blades, between propeller hub 10 and blade adjacent with propeller hub 10 can make the surface of whole blade 30 continuous, can ensure that blade 30 has better aerodynamic configuration, avoid the surperficial discontinuous work efficiency affecting screw propeller of blade 30.
Above nonuniform pitch propeller can comprise 2-6 blade 30.
The utility model also provides a kind of High Altitude UAV, and comprise fuselage and nonuniform pitch propeller as above, the propeller hub of this nonuniform pitch propeller is fixed on fuselage.
Adopt the High Altitude UAV of above-mentioned variable-pitch propeller paddle structure, not only meet screw propeller in the process of climbing, adjust the function of blade angle but also eliminate Power output and the transferring structure of nonuniform pitch propeller, make the structure of the nonuniform pitch propeller of High Altitude UAV simpler, weight is also more light, more meets the requirement of High Altitude UAV to screw propeller weight.
Last it is noted that above embodiment is only in order to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, be not intended to limit; Although be described in detail the utility model with reference to previous embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in previous embodiment, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein some or all of technical characteristic; And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the scope of the utility model embodiment technical scheme.
Claims (10)
1. for a nonuniform pitch propeller for High Altitude UAV, it is characterized in that, comprise propeller hub, be fixed on the rotating shaft on propeller hub and be sleeved in described rotating shaft and surperficial continuous print blade; Described blade includes movable blade, and described movable blade can rotate around described rotating shaft under the draught head of the leading edge of this movable blade and trailing edge; Be provided with resetting structure between described movable blade and rotating shaft, described resetting structure is used for the movable blade rotated to reset.
2. nonuniform pitch propeller according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described resetting structure is torsion spring, and described torsion spring to be sleeved in described rotating shaft and to connect described movable blade.
3. nonuniform pitch propeller according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described blade is provided with position limiting structure, and described position limiting structure is for limiting the anglec of rotation of described movable blade; Described position limiting structure is the position-limited lever arranged below the lower aerofoil of described movable blade, and described position-limited lever connects described propeller hub, and described position-limited lever is less than the distance of described position-limited lever apart from movable blade trailing edge apart from the distance of movable blade leading edge.
4. nonuniform pitch propeller according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described blade and rotating shaft are provided with the position limiting structure cooperatively interacted, and described position limiting structure is for limiting the anglec of rotation of described movable blade.
5. nonuniform pitch propeller according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described position limiting structure is that groove and described movable blade that described rotating shaft is arranged are arranged with projection that is described fit depressions, and described projection can be moved along the hand of rotation of described movable blade in described groove.
6. nonuniform pitch propeller according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described movable blade is more than one or two.
7. nonuniform pitch propeller according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described blade also comprises root blade and tip blade, described root blade is fixedly connected with described propeller hub, described tip blade is fixedly connected with described rotating shaft, and described movable blade is arranged between described root blade and described tip blade.
8. the nonuniform pitch propeller according to any one of claim 1-7, is characterized in that, also comprises:
Flexible connecting member, described flexible connecting member is covered in the annular slot at adjacent two blade contact position places, and adjacent two blades link together to make adjacent two blades have the relative shift in preset range by described flexible connecting member.
9. nonuniform pitch propeller according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described flexible connecting member is elastic film.
10. a High Altitude UAV, is characterized in that, comprise fuselage and the nonuniform pitch propeller as described in any one of claim 1-9, the propeller hub of described nonuniform pitch propeller is fixed on fuselage.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520440109.7U CN204775998U (en) | 2015-06-24 | 2015-06-24 | A variable -pitch propeller oar and unmanned aerial vehicle for high altitude unmanned aerial vehicle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201520440109.7U CN204775998U (en) | 2015-06-24 | 2015-06-24 | A variable -pitch propeller oar and unmanned aerial vehicle for high altitude unmanned aerial vehicle |
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| CN204775998U true CN204775998U (en) | 2015-11-18 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104973236A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-10-14 | 北京昶远科技有限公司 | Variable-pitch propeller used for high-altitude unmanned plane and unmanned plane |
| CN109278985A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-01-29 | 西安君晖航空科技有限公司 | A kind of variable propeller pitch device and its installation method |
| RU2802452C1 (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2023-08-29 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Балтийский федеральный университет имени Иммануила Канта" (БФУ им. И. Канта) | Unmanned aerial vehicle propeller pitch control device |
-
2015
- 2015-06-24 CN CN201520440109.7U patent/CN204775998U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104973236A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-10-14 | 北京昶远科技有限公司 | Variable-pitch propeller used for high-altitude unmanned plane and unmanned plane |
| CN109278985A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-01-29 | 西安君晖航空科技有限公司 | A kind of variable propeller pitch device and its installation method |
| CN109278985B (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2023-09-29 | 西安君晖航空科技有限公司 | Pitch variable device and installation method thereof |
| RU2802452C1 (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2023-08-29 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Балтийский федеральный университет имени Иммануила Канта" (БФУ им. И. Канта) | Unmanned aerial vehicle propeller pitch control device |
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