CN204769843U - System for mechanochemistry combines high -efficient low -cost innoxious processing of flying dust of washing - Google Patents

System for mechanochemistry combines high -efficient low -cost innoxious processing of flying dust of washing Download PDF

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CN204769843U
CN204769843U CN201520464777.3U CN201520464777U CN204769843U CN 204769843 U CN204769843 U CN 204769843U CN 201520464777 U CN201520464777 U CN 201520464777U CN 204769843 U CN204769843 U CN 204769843U
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flying dust
ball mill
stirred tank
filter press
horizontal cylinder
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陆胜勇
严建华
李晓东
陈志良
蒋旭光
池涌
倪明江
岑可法
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Abstract

The utility model relates to an innoxious processing of flying dust aims at providing a system for mechanochemistry combines high -efficient low -cost innoxious processing of flying dust of washing. This system includes for feed bin, level drum -type ball mill, stirred tank and filter press, the bottom of giving the feed bin connects in the feed inlet of level drum -type ball mill, places the stainless steel ball in the airtight barrel of level drum -type ball mill, ejection of compact pipeline both ends are water receiving flat -roller formula ball mill bottom and stirred tank upper portion respectively, connect the inlet channel on the stirred tank, the bottom connects to filter press. This system is high -efficient heavy metal solidification, dioxin degradation and the chlorine desorption of realizing the flying dust simultaneously, deals with the back flying dust and thoroughly innoxious and possess the utilization condition, the heavy metal solidification rate of dealing with the back flying dust is more than 70%, do not have plus the additive, deal with low cost, process flow is simple, and reaction condition is gentle, and the process environmental protection does not have harmful accessory substance and produces, equipment drops into and moves low cost, deals with the effect and is showing, and process flow realizes simply.

Description

Mechanochemistry combines the system of the flying dust high efficiency, low cost harmlessness disposing of washing
Technical field
The utility model relates to harmlessness disposing and the recycling of fly ash from burning city domestic garbage, and emphasis relates to that a kind of flying dust of high efficiency, low cost works in coordination with curing heavy metal, the bioxin and remove the disposal technology of chlorine of degrading.
Background technology
Along with growing continuously and fast of China's economy, China's domestic waste year generation rapid development, the total amount of clearing of 2012 reaches 17,081 ten thousand tons.Waste incineration and generating electricity be innoxious degree high, subtract and hold the high-efficient treatment method that decrement is large, can reclaim the energy to greatest extent.But the heavy metal in flue gas of consumer waste incineration generation and dioxin are through purified treatment, more than 90% is trapped within flying dust, and therefore incineration of refuse flyash is clearly regarded as hazardous waste by China's relevant laws and regulations, and clear stipulaties need carry out harmlessness disposing to it.There is a following difficult problem in the disposal of current flying dust: flying dust generation is huge, and be rich in heavy metal and dioxin Toxic in flying dust, flying dust harmlessness disposing technology is immature, and the cost of disposal of ton flying dust is high, and the environmental pollution consequence that the unreasonable disposal of flying dust causes is serious.Therefore, properly, the disposal carrying out fly ash from burning city domestic garbage of efficient, low cost, having become the demand that industry is general and urgent, is also one of major issue restricting waste incineration industry development.
At present, the method for disposal of fly ash from burning city domestic garbage is mainly: landfill, cement kiln synergic processing after cement solidification.But there is following problem in these two kinds of methods:
Although 1, cement solidification can suppress the heavy metal diafiltration in flying dust, after solidification, the volume of flying dust increases, and is unfavorable for transport and the landfill in later stage;
2, the flying dust caking after cement solidification disposal, does not possess the condition of recycling;
3, cement solidification is disposed and can not be degraded to the dioxin in flying dust, and the long-time stability of the key structure calcium silicates colloid of curing heavy metal are bad, and after this considerably increases solidification, flying dust is to the potential threat of environment;
4, cement kiln synergic processing is the major way of current flying dust recycling, but the incorporation of flying dust is only 1%, and this causes existing cement kiln can only realize limited flying dust recycling, is difficult to the disposal meeting the huge flying dust of output.
Therefore, based on above background, the utility model proposes a kind of low cost, efficient and comprehensively flying dust harmless resource utilization utilize disposal technology and system.
Utility model content
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is, overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of mechanochemistry to combine the system of the flying dust high efficiency, low cost harmlessness disposing of washing.This technology can not only realize the efficient solidification of heavy metal/bioxin/chlorine/degrade/remove simultaneously, and has the features such as simple to operate, with low cost, process environmental protection.
In order to technical solution problem, solution of the present utility model is:
Thering is provided a kind of mechanochemistry to combine the system of the flying dust high efficiency, low cost harmlessness disposing of washing, comprising for storing the feed hopper waiting to dispose flying dust; This system also comprises horizontal cylinder formula ball mill, stirred tank and plate and frame filter press; The bottom of described feed hopper is connected to the charging aperture on horizontal cylinder formula ball mill top, and horizontal cylinder formula ball mill has airtight cylindrical shell, is placed with multiple stainless steel abrading-ball in cylindrical shell; One end of discharge pipe is connected to bottom horizontal cylinder formula ball mill, and the other end is connected to stirred tank top; Stirred tank top is also connected to inlet channel, and bottom is then connected to effluent conduit; The effluent conduit other end is connected to plate and frame filter press, and the filtrate guide groove of plate and frame filter press inside is connected with waste water conveyance conduit.
As improvement, the drum rotation speed of described horizontal cylinder formula ball mill is 42 ~ 18rpm, and drum volume is 20L ~ 30m 3.
As improvement, the agitator speed in described stirred tank is 100 ~ 600rpm, and the volume scope of stirred tank is 1L ~ 20m 3.
As improvement, the press filtration area of described plate and frame filter press is 0.5 ~ 500m 2, the aperture <1 μm of filter cloth.
In the utility model, the filtration pressure of described plate and frame filter press is 0.5 ~ 2.5MPa, and time of filter pressing is 10 ~ 120 minutes.
Utilize system described in the utility model to realize the method for the flying dust high efficiency, low cost harmlessness disposing of mechanochemistry combination washing, comprise the following steps:
(1) by moisture content lower than 1%, particle diameter is that the dry flying dust of 0.01 ~ 400 μm is joined in the closed barrel of horizontal cylinder formula ball mill by feed hopper, makes the mass ratio of stainless steel abrading-ball and dry flying dust be 4 ~ 40: 1; Bring into operation after horizontal cylinder formula ball mill is airtight under ambient air atmosphere, make composition chemical reaction in mechanical milling process in flying dust, the control reaction time is less than 48 hours;
(2) by after in the fly ash carry after ball milling to stirred tank, in 60 minutes, add water in stirred tank, the mass ratio of flying dust and water is 1: 6 ~ 30; Starting stirred tank makes flying dust mix with water, stirs 20 ~ 120 minutes at room temperature condition;
(3) mixture stirring gained is sent into plate and frame filter press and carry out Separation of Solid and Liquid operation, the waste water after separation is delivered to sewage treatment plant and is disposed, and the solid after dehydration dries in atmosphere, obtains harmless and possesses the flying dust of recycling condition.
Compared with prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:
(1) can the simultaneously heavy metals immobilization, bioxin degraded of effective implemention flying dust and chlorine remove, after disposing, flying dust is thoroughly innoxious and possess the condition of recycling;
(2) flying dust after disposing, lead, zinc, copper, chromium, cadmium, nickel etc. are easily exuded to heavy metals immobilization rate in environment more than 70%, wherein the curing degree of lead, copper, chromium is up to the degradation rate of more than 90% , bioxin more than 80%, and the removal efficiency of chlorine is more than 90%;
(3) owing to make use of metallic compound intrinsic in flying dust, this disposal technology is without outer doping, so cost of disposal is cheap;
(4) this technique entirety is carried out under normal temperature and pressure air atmosphere condition, and technological process is simple, and reaction condition is gentle, and process environmental protection, produces without harmful side product;
(5) this process system can realize the extensive harmlessness disposing of flying dust 1 ~ 500t/d, and equipment investment and operating cost cheap, dispose Be very effective, technological process realizes simple.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is process chart of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is structural representation of the present utility model.
Reference numeral: 1 feed hopper; 2 dry flying dusts; 3 horizontal cylinder formula ball mills; 4 stainless steel abrading-balls; 5 discharge pipes; 6 stirred tanks; 7 inlet channels; 8 agitators; 9 fluid-mixings; 10 effluent conduit; 11 plate and frame filter press; 12 flying dust filter cakes; 13 filtrate guide grooves; 14 waste water conveyance conduits.
Detailed description of the invention
The utility model realizes principles illustrated:
Compare two kinds of flying dust methods of disposal in background technology, mechanochemical reaction (Mechanochemisty) is the flying dust method of disposal that a kind of technological process is simple, condition of work is gentle, energy consumption is little, and its significant advantage is the degraded that simultaneously can realize the dioxin of the solidification of the heavy metal in flying dust.Calcium intrinsic in flying dust, aluminium, magnesium crystal compound can as heavy metals immobilization in flying dust with the additives of bioxin degraded, and the effective, harmlessization realizing low cost is disposed.The volume that flying dust after disposal is different from cement solidification method in physical characteristic increases, lumps, but granularity diminishes, specific area becomes large; In chemical characteristic, in particle, lattice produces defect or distortion, the increase of solid dispersal degree, produces fresh surface and a large amount of free radical, and seed activity strengthens greatly.Villaumite in flying dust can destroy the stable of heavy metal, greatly limits the recycling of flying dust simultaneously, and the flying dust after mechanochemistry disposal fully can remove the solubility villaumite of the overwhelming majority in flying dust in conjunction with washing process.In addition the fly ash granule be activated mixes the chemical diffusion that occurs further in flying dust between each component and reaction with water, realizes the deep solidification of heavy metal with the deep degraded of bioxin.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and detailed description of the invention, the utility model is described in further detail:
Mechanochemistry described in the utility model combines the system of the flying dust high efficiency, low cost harmlessness disposing of washing, comprises for storing the feed hopper 1 waiting to dispose flying dust, horizontal cylinder formula ball mill 3, stirred tank 6 and plate and frame filter press 11; The bottom of feed hopper 1 is connected to the charging aperture on horizontal cylinder formula ball mill 3 top, and horizontal cylinder formula ball mill 3 has airtight cylindrical shell, is placed with multiple stainless steel abrading-ball 4 in cylindrical shell; One end of discharge pipe 5 is connected to the bottom of horizontal cylinder formula ball mill 3, and the other end is connected to the top of stirred tank 6; The top of stirred tank 6 is also connected to inlet channel 7, and bottom is then connected to effluent conduit 10; The other end of effluent conduit 10 is connected to plate and frame filter press 11, and the filtrate guide groove 13 of plate and frame filter press 11 inside is connected with waste water conveyance conduit 14.
The range of choices of the said equipment size or performance comprises: the drum rotation speed of horizontal cylinder formula ball mill 3 is 42 ~ 18rpm, and drum volume is 20L ~ 30m 3; Agitator speed in stirred tank 6 is 100 ~ 600rpm, and the volume scope of stirred tank 6 is 1L ~ 20m 3; The press filtration area of plate and frame filter press 11 is 0.5 ~ 500m 2, the aperture <1 μm of filter cloth.
Based on the said equipment collocation and type selecting, the method that the mechanochemistry utilizing this system to realize combines the flying dust high efficiency, low cost harmlessness disposing of washing comprises the following steps:
(1) by moisture content lower than 1%, particle diameter is that the dry flying dust of 0.01 ~ 400 μm is joined in the closed barrel of horizontal cylinder formula ball mill 3 by feed hopper 1, makes stainless steel abrading-ball 4 be 4 ~ 40: 1 with the mass ratio of dry flying dust; Bring into operation after horizontal cylinder formula ball mill 3 is airtight under ambient air atmosphere, make composition chemical reaction in mechanical milling process in flying dust, the control reaction time is less than 48 hours;
(2) by after in the fly ash carry after ball milling to stirred tank 6, in stirred tank 6, add water, the mass ratio of flying dust and water is 1: 6 ~ 30; Starting stirred tank 6 makes flying dust mix with water, stirs 20 ~ 120 minutes at room temperature condition;
Add water to complete in 60 minutes, its reason is that the activity of the flying dust that abrading-ball completes can reduce in time, in order to ensure the fly ash granule further reaction in aqueous activated, needing that ball milling is completed flying dust and mixing with water at short notice.
(3) mixture stirring gained is sent into plate and frame filter press 11 and carry out Separation of Solid and Liquid operation, the filtration pressure of plate and frame filter press 11 is 0.5 ~ 2.5MPa, and time of filter pressing is 10 ~ 120 minutes; Waste water after separation is delivered to sewage treatment plant and is disposed, and the solid after dehydration dries in atmosphere, obtains harmless and possesses the flying dust of recycling condition.
As the example that is specifically implemented, it is as follows that it realizes process prescription:
(1) the dry flying dust above sack cleaner in municipal solid waste incinerator is taken out, get 20kg moisture content lower than 1%, particle diameter is the dry flying dust of 0.1 ~ 200 μm, sending into volume by feed hopper 1 is in the horizontal cylinder formula ball mill 3 of 80L.100kg stainless steel abrading-ball 4 is placed with in advance, at the air atmosphere lower seal cylinder of normal temperature and pressure in cylinder.(single treatment amount is 20kg here, if need to increase treating capacity, the horizontal cylinder formula ball mill that volume can be selected larger.)
(2) start horizontal cylinder formula ball mill 3, make drum rotation speed at 40rpm.The drum volume of ball mill is larger, and corresponding drum rotation speed is less.The ball-milling reaction time, flying dust was sent by discharge pipe 5 in order to be less than 12 hours, after having reacted.
(3) stirred tank being transported to 300L volume from discharge pipe 5 flying dust out adds 200L clear water in stirred tank 6 by inlet channel 7 in 6,30 minutes.Start agitator, water and flying dust are fully uniformly mixed in still, and in still, agitator 8 rotating speed is 150rpm, and mixing time is 30 minutes.
(4) after having stirred, fluid-mixing 9 is flowed out from stirred tank by effluent conduit 10, be sent in plate and frame filter press 11, under the pressure of 0.6MPa, press filtration is after 30 minutes, filtrate collected by filtrate guide groove 13 after by waste water conveyance conduit 14 discharged to sewage treatment plant, flying dust filter cake 12 takes off rear placement and dries.
Get the dry flying dust after 2g process respectively and original flying dust is tested for the Leaching Heavy Metals of acetate buffer method HJ/T300-2007,95% respectively according to the curing degree that the heavy metal relatives such as test result calculations gained lead, zinc, copper, chromium, cadmium, nickel are answered, 82%, 91%, 98%, 70%, 71%.Get the dry flying dust after 1g process and original flying dust respectively to have carried out bioxin and detect pretreatment, using high-resolution chromatography combined with high-resolution mass spectrometry instrument (GC-MS) to detect toxicity of dioxin equivalent concentration afterwards, is 81% according to the degradation rate of test result calculations bioxin.Get the dry flying dust after 1g process respectively and original flying dust carries out X-ray fluorescence spectra analysis (XRF), with the content of chlorine element in flying dust after analyzing and processing and original flying dust, the removal efficiency calculating chlorine element according to acquired results is 91%.
Therefore; a kind of flying dust high efficiency, low cost harmless disposal method of mechanochemistry combination washing and system of utilizing that the utility model provides has harmlessness disposing effect very efficiently to domestic garbage incineration flyash; and the scale reparation of flying dust can be carried out, be a kind of there is the cheap and effective waste incineration industry flying dust disposal technology of commercial application prospect, investment and operating cost very much.
Finally, it should be noted that above what enumerate is only specific embodiment of the utility model.Obviously, the utility model is not limited to above embodiment, can also have a lot of distortion.All distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art can directly derive or associate from content disclosed in the utility model, all should think protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims (4)

1. mechanochemistry combines a system for the flying dust high efficiency, low cost harmlessness disposing of washing, and comprise for storing the feed hopper waiting to dispose flying dust, it is characterized in that, this system also comprises horizontal cylinder formula ball mill, stirred tank and plate and frame filter press; The bottom of described feed hopper is connected to the charging aperture on horizontal cylinder formula ball mill top, and horizontal cylinder formula ball mill has airtight cylindrical shell, is placed with multiple stainless steel abrading-ball in cylindrical shell; One end of discharge pipe is connected to bottom horizontal cylinder formula ball mill, and the other end is connected to stirred tank top; Stirred tank top is also connected to inlet channel, and bottom is then connected to effluent conduit; The effluent conduit other end is connected to plate and frame filter press, and the filtrate guide groove of plate and frame filter press inside is connected with waste water conveyance conduit.
2. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the drum rotation speed of described horizontal cylinder formula ball mill is 42 ~ 18rpm, and drum volume is 20L ~ 30m 3.
3. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the agitator speed in described stirred tank is 100 ~ 600rpm, and the volume scope of stirred tank is 1L ~ 20m 3.
4. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the press filtration area of described plate and frame filter press is 0.5 ~ 500m 2, the aperture <1 μm of filter cloth.
CN201520464777.3U 2015-07-01 2015-07-01 System for mechanochemistry combines high -efficient low -cost innoxious processing of flying dust of washing Active CN204769843U (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105013798A (en) * 2015-07-01 2015-11-04 浙江大学 Method and system for treating fly ash in manner combining mechanochemistry and washing, with characteristics of high efficiency, low cost and zero harm
CN110238157A (en) * 2019-05-21 2019-09-17 浙江大学 A kind of method and system of the dechlorination of flying dust depth and recycling modification

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105013798A (en) * 2015-07-01 2015-11-04 浙江大学 Method and system for treating fly ash in manner combining mechanochemistry and washing, with characteristics of high efficiency, low cost and zero harm
CN105013798B (en) * 2015-07-01 2017-06-23 浙江大学 Mechanochemistry combines the harmless method of disposal of flying dust high efficiency, low cost and system of washing
CN110238157A (en) * 2019-05-21 2019-09-17 浙江大学 A kind of method and system of the dechlorination of flying dust depth and recycling modification

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