CN204741428U - Sectional type thermoelectric generator - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a sectional type thermoelectric generator, including first electrically conductive articulamentum, sectional type P type thermoelectric element, sectional type N type thermoelectric element, electrically conductive articulamentum of second and the electrically conductive articulamentum of third. Be provided with sectional type P type thermoelectric element and sectional type N type thermoelectric element on the lower surface of first electrically conductive articulamentum, sectional type P type thermoelectric element and sectional type N type thermoelectric element set up along vertical direction symmetry, set up the electrically conductive articulamentum of second on sectional type P type thermoelectric element's lower surface, set up the electrically conductive articulamentum of third on sectional type N type thermoelectric element's lower surface, electrically conductive articulamentum of second and the electrically conductive articulamentum of third are split type setting. The utility model discloses a structure of sectional type, the thermoelectric element that can set up different hop counts as required is in order to adapt to the requirement of multiple ability source follower to thermoelectric generator's thermal transition efficiency and output can be improved greatly, the make full use of of the energy has been guaranteed.

Description

Segmented thermoelectric generator

Technical field

The utility model belongs to thermo-electric generation field, more particularly, particularly relates to segmented thermoelectric generator.

Background technology

1821 Germany scientist Seebeck (T.J.Seebeck) found Seebeck effect, soon 200 years so far.After World War II end finds semi-conducting material, start the upsurge exploring thermoelectric material and device, facilitated the development of thermoelectric theory and technology.Later 1950s early sixties, space technology develop rapidly, is badly in need of the power supply of a kind of long-life, Flouride-resistani acid phesphatase.

Thermoelectric generator, it is a kind of solid state device of static state, there is no rotatable parts, volume is little, the life-span is long, noiseless during work, and need not safeguard, it is very long that thermoelectric generator possesses the life-span, applied environment and use thermal source unrestricted, particularly it can utilize so-called rudimentary heat generating-as the waste heat of industrial waste heat, incineration firing heat, automobile exhaust pipe and solar heat, underground heat, Ocean thermal energy etc., attracts the favor of people always.

But existing thermoelectric generator only has one group of thermoelement, as shown in Figure 1, a P type thermoelement and N-type thermoelement carry out with the use of, form one group of thermoelement, the power output of thermoelectric generator is less, be difficult to meet the needs that day by day improve of people to the energy, be therefore necessary that the power output improving thermoelectric generator is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, aims to provide a kind of segmented thermoelectric generator, improves the power output of thermoelectric generator, and has the advantage that structure is simple, easy care, expense are low.

Technical purpose of the present utility model is achieved by following technical proposals:

Segmented thermoelectric generator, comprises the first conductive tie layers, segmented P type thermoelement, segmented N-type thermoelement, the second conductive tie layers and the 3rd conductive tie layers:

The lower surface of the first conductive tie layers is provided with segmented P type thermoelement and segmented N-type thermoelement, and described segmented P type thermoelement and segmented N-type thermoelement are vertically symmetrical arranged; Described segmented P type thermoelement is consistent with segmented N-type thermoelement height vertically, and both shape of cross sections and size are all equal; Described segmented P type thermoelement is vertically made up of at least two sections of P type thermoelements, and described segmented N-type thermoelement is vertically made up of at least two sections of N-type thermoelements; The lower surface of segmented P type thermoelement arranges the second conductive tie layers, the lower surface of segmented N-type thermoelement arranges the 3rd conductive tie layers; Second conductive tie layers and the 3rd conductive tie layers are split type setting.

In technique scheme, the cross section of described segmented P type thermoelement and segmented N-type thermoelement is rectangle or circle.

In technique scheme, described segmented P type thermoelement is 2-8 section P type thermoelement.

In technique scheme, described segmented N-type thermoelement is 2-8 section N-type thermoelement.

In order to determine the ratio between each section of segmented thermoelement, based on the hypothesis of " the contact-making surface temperature that between different thermoelement material, existence one is best ", that is: for two kinds of different thermoelement materials, wherein the performance of thermoelement material is being better than another material higher than during certain temperature value, and another kind of material is on the contrary.In this case, when carrying out segmented thermoelectric generator structural design, front a kind of thermoelement material is worked in high-temperature region, rear a kind of material works in low-temperature space, and the contact-making surface temperature value of two kinds of thermoelement materials equals this temperature value, this structural design can promote the performance of segmented thermoelectric generator to greatest extent, and obtain contact-making surface temperature by the parameter of evaluation thermoelement material combination property, parameter expression is as follows:

${\left(ZJ\right)}_p=\frac{{\mathrm{\α}}^2\mathrm{\σ}}{{(1+m\mathrm{\λ})}^2}$

$\begin{array}{cc}{\left(ZJ\right)}_e=\frac{Z}{1+m\mathrm{\λ}}& (Z={\mathrm{\α}}^2\mathrm{\σ}/\mathrm{\λ})\end{array}$

$m=\frac{A_{2p}+A_{2n}}{A_{1}l}(\frac{1}{h_1}+\frac{1}{h_2})$

Wherein (ZJ) _p, (ZJ) _ebe respectively power factor, efficiency factor, α, σ, λ represent Seebeck coefficient, conductivity, the conductive coefficient of thermoelement respectively, h ₁, h ₂represent the constant heat transfer coefficient between thermoelectric generator top and thermal source, the constant heat transfer coefficient between thermoelectric generator bottom and low-temperature receiver respectively, l, A _2p, A _2n, A _srepresent that the cross-sectional area of the length of thermoelement, P type thermoelement, the cross-sectional area of N-type thermoelement, the top of thermoelectric generator and heat source-contacting surface are long-pending respectively.

Be not difficult to find from these two new argument expression formulas, evaluate two important parameters of thermoelectric material combination property at present: quality factor (Z=α ²σ/λ) and power factor (α ²σ) be efficiency factor (ZJ) _e, power factor (ZJ) _pthe special case of (now m=0) under permanent wall temperature boundary condition, the correction that this illustrates two new argument power factors, efficiency factor is former power factor and quality factor in fact respectively.As can be seen from accompanying drawing 3, the TEG be made up of the thermoelement material with same quality factor (solid figure) maximum heat photoelectric transformation efficiency under permanent wall temperature boundary condition is substantially identical, under permanent convection boundary condition, its value then differs greatly, and this illustrates that quality factor are only applicable to permanent wall temperature boundary condition; As can be seen from accompanying drawing 4, under permanent convection boundary condition, the TEG be made up of the thermoelement material with the equal-wattage factor (or efficiency factor), its peak power output (or maximum heat photoelectric transformation efficiency) is then substantially identical.Considering actual conditions, adopt two new argument power factors and efficiency factor determination contact-making surface temperature value, namely then adopting power factor (ZJ) to obtain peak power output _p, then adopt efficiency factor (ZJ) to obtain maximum heat photoelectric transformation efficiency _e.

Then the working temperature at solution by iterative method P type thermoelement or N-type thermoelement two ends is used: first set up thermoelectric generator each several part thermal resistance, each several part resistance, match Bake electromotive force, heat conducting density of heat flow rate equation, Thomson heat, the equations such as Joule heat, thus the heat flow field of whole thermoelectric generator passes through establishing equation, the iterative initial value of the one group of two ends working temperature then supposed, one group of new operating temperature value is solved by above equation, and be newly worth the original analog value of replacement by this group, form iterative cycles thus, the analog value obtained until circulate the value obtained and last time differs when being less than certain value (this value can be determined according to concrete condition) and stops circulating, finally obtain the exact value of thermoelement two ends working temperature.So far, the temperature field of whole thermoelectric generator is determined, equal according to the density of heat flow rate flowing through each section of thermoelement in P type thermoelement side or N-type thermoelement side, obtains the ratio between each section of thermoelement.

Compared with prior art, the utility model adopts the structure of segmented in thermoelectric original paper, avoid a P type thermoelement and a N-type thermoelement with the use of the problem brought, the thermoelement of different hop count can be set as required, and different P type thermoelectric materials composition segmented P type thermoelement (N-type is applicable equally) can be selected, requirement is exported to adapt to various energy resources, adopt segmentation structure greatly can improve the thermal transition efficiency of thermoelectric generator, thus improve the power output of thermoelectric generator, heat energy can be utilized more efficiently, change into more electric energy, and then ensure that the significantly saving of the energy and make full use of.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing thermoelectric generator, and wherein 1 is top conductive articulamentum, and 2 is P type thermoelement, and 3 is N-type thermoelement, and 4 is bottom first conductive tie layers, and 5 is bottom second conductive tie layers.

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the utility model segmented thermoelectric generator, and wherein 1 is the first conductive tie layers, and 2 is segmented P type thermoelement, and 3 is segmented N-type thermoelement, and 4 is the second conductive tie layers, and 5 is the 3rd conductive tie layers.

Fig. 3 is the conversion efficiency of thermoelectric schematic diagram of thermoelectric generator under different thermal boundary condition with same quality factor, the wherein permanent wall temperature border of solid representative, the permanent convective boundary of hollow representative; Circle represents material property: α _p/n=± 0.000113VK ^-1, σ _p/n=50000S m ^-1, λ=0.9W m ^-1k ^-1, inverted triangle represents material property and is: α _p/n=± 0.000338V K ^-1, σ _p/n=58825S m ^-1, λ=9.47W m ^-1k ^-1, positive triangle represents material property and is: α _p/n=± 0.00025V K ^-1, σ _p/n=51084S m ^-1, λ=4.5W m ^-1k ^-1.

Fig. 4 is the power output of thermoelectric generator under permanent advection heat boundary condition and the schematic diagram of conversion efficiency of thermoelectric of the thermoelement material composition with the equal-wattage factor or efficiency factor, wherein closed square respective material 1, solid positive triangle respective material 2, filled inverted triangles respective material 3, material 1,2,3 has the equal-wattage factor; Hollow square respective material 1, hollow positive triangle respective material 4, hollow inverted triangle respective material 5, material 1,4,5 has the same efficiency factor.

Embodiment

The technical solution of the utility model is further illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiment.

As shown in Figure 1, the structural representation of existing thermoelectric generator, wherein 1 is top conductive articulamentum, and 2 is P type thermoelement, and 3 is N-type thermoelement, and 4 is bottom first conductive tie layers, and 5 is bottom second conductive tie layers.A P type thermoelement and N-type thermoelement carry out with the use of, form one group of thermoelement.

As shown in Figure 2, the structural representation of the utility model segmented thermoelectric generator, wherein 1 is the first conductive tie layers, and 2 is segmented P type thermoelement, and 3 is segmented N-type thermoelement, and 4 is the second conductive tie layers, and 5 is the 3rd conductive tie layers.

Segmented thermoelectric generator, comprises the first conductive tie layers, segmented P type thermoelement, segmented N-type thermoelement, the second conductive tie layers and the 3rd conductive tie layers:

The lower surface of the first conductive tie layers is provided with segmented P type thermoelement and segmented N-type thermoelement, and described segmented P type thermoelement and segmented N-type thermoelement are vertically symmetrical arranged; Described segmented P type thermoelement is consistent with segmented N-type thermoelement height vertically, and both shape of cross sections and size are all equal; Described segmented P type thermoelement is vertically made up of at least two sections of P type thermoelements, and described segmented N-type thermoelement is vertically made up of at least two sections of N-type thermoelements; The lower surface of segmented P type thermoelement arranges the second conductive tie layers, the lower surface of segmented N-type thermoelement arranges the 3rd conductive tie layers; Second conductive tie layers and the 3rd conductive tie layers are split type setting.

In technique scheme, the cross section of described segmented P type thermoelement and segmented N-type thermoelement is rectangle or circle.

In technique scheme, described segmented P type thermoelement is 2-8 section P type thermoelement.

In technique scheme, described segmented N-type thermoelement is 2-8 section N-type thermoelement.

In actual fabrication process, the method of utility model content part statement is adopted to calculate, based on the hypothesis of " the contact-making surface temperature that between different thermoelement material, existence one is best ", that is: for two kinds of different thermoelement materials, wherein the performance of thermoelement material is being better than another material higher than during certain temperature value, and another kind of material is on the contrary.In this case, when carrying out segmented thermoelectric generator structural design, front a kind of thermoelement material is worked in high-temperature region, rear a kind of material works in low-temperature space, and the contact-making surface temperature value of two kinds of thermoelement materials equals this temperature value, this structural design can promote the performance of segmented thermoelectric generator to greatest extent, and obtain contact-making surface temperature by the parameter of evaluation thermoelement material combination property, parameter expression is as follows:

${\left(ZJ\right)}_p=\frac{{\mathrm{\α}}^2\mathrm{\σ}}{{(1+m\mathrm{\λ})}^2}$

$\begin{array}{cc}{\left(ZJ\right)}_e=\frac{Z}{1+m\mathrm{\λ}}& (Z={\mathrm{\α}}^2\mathrm{\σ}/\mathrm{\λ})\end{array}$

$m=\frac{A_{2p}+A_{2n}}{A_{1}l}(\frac{1}{h_1}+\frac{1}{h_2})$

Wherein (ZJ) _p, (ZJ) _ebe respectively power factor, efficiency factor, α, σ, λ represent Seebeck coefficient, conductivity, the conductive coefficient of thermoelement respectively, h ₁, h ₂represent the constant heat transfer coefficient between thermoelectric generator top and thermal source, the constant heat transfer coefficient between thermoelectric generator bottom and low-temperature receiver respectively, l, A _2p, A _2n, A _srepresent that the cross-sectional area of the length of thermoelement, P type thermoelement, the cross-sectional area of N-type thermoelement, the top of thermoelectric generator and heat source-contacting surface are long-pending respectively.

Be not difficult to find from these two new argument expression formulas, evaluate two important parameters of thermoelectric material combination property at present: quality factor (Z=α ²σ/λ) and power factor (α ²σ) be efficiency factor (ZJ) _e, power factor (ZJ) _pthe special case of (now m=0) under permanent wall temperature boundary condition, the correction that this illustrates two new argument power factors, efficiency factor is former power factor and quality factor in fact respectively.Considering actual conditions, adopt two new argument power factors and efficiency factor determination contact-making surface temperature value, namely then adopting power factor (ZJ) to obtain peak power output _p, then adopt efficiency factor (ZJ) to obtain maximum heat photoelectric transformation efficiency _e.

Then the working temperature at solution by iterative method P type thermoelement or N-type thermoelement two ends is used: first set up thermoelectric generator each several part thermal resistance, each several part resistance, match Bake electromotive force, heat conducting density of heat flow rate equation, Thomson heat, the equations such as Joule heat, thus the heat flow field of whole thermoelectric generator passes through establishing equation, the iterative initial value of the one group of two ends working temperature then supposed, one group of new operating temperature value is solved by above equation, and be newly worth the original analog value of replacement by this group, form iterative cycles thus, the analog value obtained until circulate the value obtained and last time differs when being less than certain value (this value can be determined according to concrete condition) and stops circulating, finally obtain the exact value of thermoelement two ends working temperature.So far, the temperature field of whole thermoelectric generator is determined, equal according to the density of heat flow rate flowing through each section of thermoelement in P type thermoelement side or N-type thermoelement side, obtains the ratio between each section of thermoelement.

Compared with prior art, the utility model adopts the structure of segmented in thermoelectric original paper, avoid a P type thermoelement and a N-type thermoelement with the use of the problem brought, the thermoelement of different hop count can be set as required, and different P type thermoelectric materials composition segmented P type thermoelement (N-type is applicable equally) can be selected, requirement is exported to adapt to various energy resources, adopt segmentation structure greatly can improve the thermal transition efficiency of thermoelectric generator, thus improve the power output of thermoelectric generator, heat energy can be utilized more efficiently, change into more electric energy, and then ensure that the significantly saving of the energy and make full use of.

Above exemplary description is done to the utility model; should be noted that; when not departing from core of the present utility model, any simple distortion, amendment or other those skilled in the art can not spend the equivalent replacement of creative work all to fall into protection range of the present utility model.

Claims (4)

1. segmented thermoelectric generator, is characterized in that, comprises the first conductive tie layers, segmented P type thermoelement, segmented N-type thermoelement, the second conductive tie layers and the 3rd conductive tie layers:

The lower surface of the first conductive tie layers is provided with segmented P type thermoelement and segmented N-type thermoelement, and described segmented P type thermoelement and segmented N-type thermoelement are vertically symmetrical arranged; Described segmented P type thermoelement is consistent with segmented N-type thermoelement height vertically, and both shape of cross sections and size are all equal; Described segmented P type thermoelement is vertically made up of at least two sections of P type thermoelements, and described segmented N-type thermoelement is vertically made up of at least two sections of N-type thermoelements; The lower surface of segmented P type thermoelement arranges the second conductive tie layers, the lower surface of segmented N-type thermoelement arranges the 3rd conductive tie layers; Second conductive tie layers and the 3rd conductive tie layers are split type setting.

2. segmented thermoelectric generator according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the cross section of described segmented P type thermoelement and segmented N-type thermoelement is rectangle or circle.

3. segmented thermoelectric generator according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described segmented P type thermoelement is 2-8 section P type thermoelement.

4. segmented thermoelectric generator according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described segmented N-type thermoelement is 2-8 section N-type thermoelement.