CN204720643U - A kind of electric power connected system - Google Patents

A kind of electric power connected system Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN204720643U
CN204720643U CN201520408792.6U CN201520408792U CN204720643U CN 204720643 U CN204720643 U CN 204720643U CN 201520408792 U CN201520408792 U CN 201520408792U CN 204720643 U CN204720643 U CN 204720643U
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
electric power
insulating base
guide rail
track groove
insulating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn - After Issue
Application number
CN201520408792.6U
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
朱文廷
耿恩华
张�杰
裔秀芸
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shanutec Shanghai Co Ltd
Shanghai Vision Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shanghai Vision Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shanghai Vision Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Shanghai Vision Technology Co Ltd
Priority to CN201520408792.6U priority Critical patent/CN204720643U/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN204720643U publication Critical patent/CN204720643U/en
Withdrawn - After Issue legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Landscapes

  • Connector Housings Or Holding Contact Members (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of electric power connected system, for the grafting of appliance plug, comprise electric power connection guide rail, this electric power connection guide rail comprises insulating base, conductive copper wire and some pieces of insulating lids, described insulating lid is closed actively and is covered insulating base, three parallel guide-track grooves are at least had along electric power connection guide rail bearing of trend from the end face of insulating base to bottom surface, insulated from each other between each bar guide-track groove, distance between each bar guide-track groove is corresponding with the distance between appliance plug pin, take off any one piece of insulating lid, and on described electric power connection guide rail during grafting appliance plug, described appliance plug is closed and is covered insulating base.The utility model adopts totally-enclosed movable cover structure and appliance plug directly to seal the structure be plugged on electric power connection guide rail, more safely and conveniently be applied in residential building or Business Building and bury wall-electric power connected system to replace tradition, be particularly suitable at exhibition on-the-spot layout fast power supply to provide electric power connection interface.

Description

A kind of electric power connected system
Technical field
The utility model relates to electric power interconnection technique field, especially relates to a kind of electric power connected system being applicable to exhibition, family.
Background technology
Conventional socket is provided with jack and has larger space in socket box, if there is water to flow into socket from jack, the space meeting storage of liquids in socket box also makes liquid flow wherein, and initiation electric power accident is caused personal injury and property loss.The socket aperture of rare numbers makes plug-in position relatively fixing, but relatively-stationary plug-in position makes the putting position of electrical equipment be restricted.If the putting position of electrical equipment and socket aperture distant, then have to use insert row, if a large amount of insert rows is used in same place simultaneously, easily makes people trip and cause personal injury, especially, the exhibition scene large at flow of the people is not suitable for applying a large amount of insert row.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model be exactly in order to overcome above-mentioned prior art exist defect and a kind of convenience, electric power connected system safe, applied widely are provided.
The purpose of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of electric power connected system, for the grafting of appliance plug, comprise electric power connection guide rail, this electric power connection guide rail comprises insulating base, conductive copper wire and some pieces of insulating lids, described insulating lid is closed actively and is covered insulating base, three parallel guide-track grooves are at least had along electric power connection guide rail bearing of trend from the end face of insulating base to bottom surface, insulated from each other between each bar guide-track groove, distance between each bar guide-track groove is corresponding with the distance between appliance plug pin, described conductive copper wire is placed in guide-track groove, the degree of depth of installing each bar guide-track groove after conductive copper wire equals the height of appliance plug pin, described conductive copper wire respectively with the live wire of power supply, ground wire, zero line connects, take off any one piece of insulating lid, and on described electric power connection guide rail during grafting appliance plug, described appliance plug is closed and is covered insulating base.
Preferably, described insulating lid covers on insulating base, and described insulating base is provided with location hole, described insulating lid is provided with the reference column matched with location hole.
Preferably, covering in face of described insulating lid is provided with seal ridge, and described seal ridge is fastened in guide-track groove, and the quantity of described seal ridge is identical with the quantity of guide-track groove.
Preferably, described insulating base offers insulation cover slot along at least one sidewall of electric power connection guide rail bearing of trend, described insulation cover slot forms insulation cover slot plane by described guide-track groove in insulating base, and described insulating lid inserts in insulation cover slot plane to close actively and covers insulating base.
Preferably, described insulating base is provided with reference column, described insulating lid is provided with the location hole matched with reference column.
Preferably, described insulating base is provided with several locking holes, and described insulating lid is provided with through hole, and when insulating lid covers insulating base, described locking hole aligns with described through hole, described insulating lid is locked on insulating base by a locking pin, and described locking pin is successively through locking hole and through hole.
Preferably, adopt one side to cut shoulder tenon structure between adjacent insulating lid to close.
Preferably, wireless charger is provided with in described insulating base.
Preferably, on the metope that described electric power connection guide rail is arranged on indoor skirting position or ground, and all rooms are extended to.
Preferably, be provided with power supply connecting device in described electric power connection guide rail, described conductive copper wire is connected with power supply by power supply connecting device.
Compared with prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:
1, adopt electric power connection guide rail transferring electric power, the plug-in position of One's name is legion can be provided, when all insulating lids depart from electric power connection guide rail, the utility model provide the quantity of plug-in position maximum.
2, when all insulating lids seal whole electric power connection guide rail, lose interface channel between electric power connection guide rail and appliance plug and this electric power connected system and Environmental security are insulated.
3, three guide-track grooves are inwardly at least had from the sealing surface that covers of insulating base, distance between each bar guide-track groove is corresponding with the distance between plug base pin, insulated from each other between each bar guide-track groove, conductive copper wire is placed in the bottom land of guide-track groove, the degree of depth of installing each bar guide-track groove after conductive copper wire equals the height of plug base pin, and electric power connection guide rail adopts the structure can closed by plug with the splicing position of appliance plug, can, after taking off one piece of insulating lid, appliance plug be directly plugged on the insulating base of this electric power connected system.
4, the some pieces of insulating lids be movably connected on insulating base are adopted, the exposure position of electric power connection guide rail can be changed, the change of exposure position causes the change of Insulated positions, make plug-in position produce change relatively, thus change the connection distance between jack and electrical equipment be fixedly installed on the electric power connected system on metope or ground.After taking off one piece of insulating lid, electric power interface channel comes out, pin on appliance plug can be inserted into from the direction perpendicular to guide-track groove this electric power connection guide rail, appliance plug and electric power connected system are connected, and this plug can close this electric power interface channel, enable electric power connected system safely for electrical equipment provides power supply.
5, the structure adopting seal ridge and guide-track groove to cooperatively interact, or insulating lid can cover on insulating base by structure that locking hole, through hole and locking pin cooperatively interact easily.
6, employing seal ridge is fastened on the structure on guide-track groove, adds the connection contact area between insulating lid and insulating base, and the frictional force between insulating lid and insulating base is strengthened more firm time to be covered on insulating base by insulating lid.
7, between each insulating lid, adopt one side to cut shoulder tenon structure make that there is between insulating lid better sealing effect to change the fit shapes in gap between insulating lid.
8, in the insulating base of electric power connection guide rail, being provided with wireless charger can make electric power connected system provide wireless charging function.
9, on the metope or ground of skirting position, electric power connection guide rail is installed, the shape of the electric power connected system that change can be made various is embodied by the ground shape in any room, and the maximum quantity of plug-in position can limit out by the area in room.
10, power supply connecting device is installed in electric power connection guide rail can easily the live wire of power supply, ground wire, zero line be connected on conductive copper wire.
11, this electric power connected system is applicable to residential building and Business Building, applied widely.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic top plan view of the utility model electric power connection guide rail;
Fig. 2 is the side elevational cross-section schematic diagram that insulating base and insulating lid cover;
Fig. 3 is the side elevational cross-section schematic diagram of insulating base and insulating lid grafting;
Fig. 4 is the schematic top plan view of the insulating lid of band location hole;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the insulating lid of band seal ridge;
Fig. 6 is the band insulating base of pin clamping device and the structural representation of insulating lid;
Fig. 7 is the side elevational cross-section schematic diagram of insulating lid along electric power connection guide rail bearing of trend.
Description of reference numerals: 1, electric power connection guide rail, 11, insulating base, 111, guide-track groove, 112, location hole, 12, conductive copper wire, 13, insulating lid, 132, reference column, 133, tenon, 134, locking pin, 135, locking hole, 136, through hole, 137, seal ridge.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the utility model is described in detail.The present embodiment is implemented premised on technical solutions of the utility model, give detailed execution mode and concrete operating process, but protection range of the present utility model is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
As Figure 1-Figure 2, a kind of electric power connected system, comprises electric power connection guide rail 1, and electric power connection guide rail 1 is made up of insulating base 11, conductive copper wire 12 and some pieces of insulating lids 13, and insulating lid 13 is closed and covered insulating base 11; Insulating base 11 is cuboid, has end face, bottom surface, the first side wall, the second sidewall, the first end face and the second end face; Three parallel guide-track grooves 111 are at least had along electric power connection guide rail bearing of trend from end face to bottom surface, guide-track groove 111 forms guide-track groove bottom surface, guide-track groove first side and guide-track groove second side in insulating base 11, guide-track groove first side is parallel with guide-track groove second side, and guide-track groove first side is vertical with end face; Distance between each bar guide-track groove 111 is corresponding with the distance between plug base pin; Insulated from each other between each bar guide-track groove 111; Conductive copper wire 12 is placed on guide-track groove bottom surface; The degree of depth of installing each bar guide-track groove 111 after conductive copper wire 12 equals the height of Socket pin; Conductive copper wire 12 is connected with the live wire of power supply, ground wire, zero line respectively; Take off any one piece of insulating lid on electric power connection guide rail during grafting appliance plug, appliance plug can be closed and cover electric power connection guide rail.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is the improvement carried out embodiment 1.As Figure 1-Figure 2, a kind of electric power connected system, comprises electric power connection guide rail 1, and electric power connection guide rail 1 is made up of insulating base 11, conductive copper wire 12 and some pieces of insulating lids 13, and insulating lid 13 is closed and covered insulating base 11; Insulating base 11 has end face, bottom surface, the first side wall, the second sidewall, the first end face and the second end face for cuboid; Three parallel guide-track grooves 111 are at least had along electric power connection guide rail bearing of trend from end face to bottom surface, guide-track groove 111 forms guide-track groove bottom surface, guide-track groove first side and guide-track groove second side in insulating base 11, guide-track groove first side is parallel with guide-track groove second side, and guide-track groove first side is vertical with end face; Distance between each bar guide-track groove 111 is corresponding with the distance between plug base pin; Insulated from each other between each bar guide-track groove 111; Conductive copper wire 12 is placed on guide-track groove bottom surface; The degree of depth of installing each bar guide-track groove 111 after conductive copper wire 12 equals the height of Socket pin; Conductive copper wire 12 is connected with the live wire of power supply, ground wire, zero line respectively; Take off any one piece of insulating lid on electric power connection guide rail during grafting appliance plug, appliance plug can be closed and cover electric power connection guide rail; Insulating base 11 is provided with location hole 112, insulating lid 13 is provided with reference column 132, reference column 132 can insert location hole 112.Adopt this location fit structure in the electric power connected system for exhibition be to make the process that covers become simple.In the process covering insulating lid 13, move in parallel insulating lid 13 along electrical guide rail bearing of trend, make reference column 132 fall into location hole 112, such insulating lid 13 can be covered on the tram of insulating base 11 easily.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is the improvement carried out embodiment 2.As shown in Fig. 1,2,5, a kind of electric power connected system, comprises electric power connection guide rail 1, and electric power connection guide rail 1 is made up of insulating base 11, conductive copper wire 12 and some pieces of insulating lids 13, and insulating lid 13 is closed and covered insulating base 11; Insulating base 11 has end face, bottom surface, the first side wall, the second sidewall, the first end face and the second end face for cuboid; Three parallel guide-track grooves 111 are at least had along electric power connection guide rail bearing of trend from end face to bottom surface, guide-track groove 111 forms guide-track groove bottom surface, guide-track groove first side and guide-track groove second side in insulating base 11, guide-track groove first side is parallel with guide-track groove second side, and guide-track groove first side is vertical with end face; Distance between each bar guide-track groove 111 is corresponding with the distance between plug base pin; Insulated from each other between each bar guide-track groove 111; Conductive copper wire 12 is placed on guide-track groove bottom surface; The degree of depth of installing each bar guide-track groove 111 after conductive copper wire 12 equals the height of Socket pin; Conductive copper wire 12 is connected with the live wire of power supply, ground wire, zero line respectively; Take off any one piece of insulating lid on electric power connection guide rail during grafting appliance plug, appliance plug can be closed and cover electric power connection guide rail; Insulating base 11 is provided with location hole 112, and insulating lid 13 is provided with the reference column 132 matched with location hole 112, reference column 132 can insert location hole 112.Covering in face of insulating lid 13 is provided with seal ridge 137, and seal ridge 137 can be fastened on guide-track groove 111, and the quantity of seal ridge 137 is corresponding to the quantity of guide-track groove 111.Employing seal ridge is fastened on the structure on guide-track groove 111, adds the connection contact area between insulating lid 13 and insulating base, makes the frictional force between insulating lid 13 and insulating base strengthen more firm time to be covered on insulating base by insulating lid.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment is the improvement carried out embodiment 1.As shown in figs. 1 and 3, a kind of electric power connected system, comprises electric power connection guide rail 1, and electric power connection guide rail 1 is made up of insulating base 11, conductive copper wire 12 and some pieces of insulating lids 13, and insulating lid 13 is closed and covered insulating base 11; Insulating base 11 has end face, bottom surface, the first side wall, the second sidewall, the first end face and the second end face for cuboid; Three parallel guide-track grooves 111 are at least had along electric power connection guide rail bearing of trend from end face to bottom surface, guide-track groove 111 forms guide-track groove bottom surface, guide-track groove first side and guide-track groove second side in insulating base 11, guide-track groove first side is parallel with guide-track groove second side, and guide-track groove first side is vertical with end face; Distance between each bar guide-track groove 111 is corresponding with the distance between plug base pin; Insulated from each other between each bar guide-track groove 111; Conductive copper wire 12 is placed on guide-track groove bottom surface; The degree of depth of installing each bar guide-track groove 111 after conductive copper wire 12 equals the height of Socket pin; Conductive copper wire 12 is connected with the live wire of power supply, ground wire, zero line respectively; Take off any one piece of insulating lid on electric power connection guide rail during grafting appliance plug, appliance plug can be closed and cover electric power connection guide rail, the first side wall of insulating base 11 and/or the second sidewall offer insulation cover slot 16 along electric power connection guide rail bearing of trend, insulation cover slot 16 forms insulation cover slot 16 plane by guide-track groove 111 in insulating base 11, insulation cover slot 16 plane and guide-track groove 111 plane orthogonal, insulating lid 13 plugs together to close and covers insulating base 11.The first side wall and/or the second sidewall of the insulating base of electric power connection guide rail are offered insulation cover slot plugged together by the insulating lid of flat shape and close the structure that covers and can realize covering insulating base.Insulation cover slot 16 is bottom land hollow out or closed form.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment is the improvement carried out embodiment 4.As shown in Figure 4, insulating base 11 is provided with reference column 132, insulating lid 13 is provided with the location hole 112 matched with reference column 132, and location hole 112 can slip into reference column 132.This location fit structure is adopted to be to make the process that plugs together become simple.In the process plugging together insulating lid 13, move in parallel insulating lid 13 along guide rail direction, make location hole 112 slip into reference column 132, such insulating lid 13 can be covered on the tram of insulating base 11 easily.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment is the improvement carried out embodiment 5.As shown in Figure 6, insulating base 11 is provided with several locking holes 135, insulating lid 13 is provided with through hole 136, when insulating lid 13 covers insulating base 11, locking hole 135 aligns with through hole 136, and insulating lid 13 can be locked on insulating base 11 by locking hole 135 and through hole 136 with a locking pin 134.Locking device is set between insulating base 11 and insulating lid 13, insulating lid 13 can be connected on insulating base 11 more securely.
Embodiment 7
The present embodiment is the improvement carried out embodiment 1 to 6 any one embodiment.As shown in Figure 7, adopt one side to cut shoulder tenon 133 structure between insulating lid 13 to close.Between insulating lid, adopt this enclosed construction can change the fit shapes in gap between insulating lid make that there is between insulating lid better sealing effect.
Embodiment 8
The present embodiment is the improvement carried out embodiment every in embodiment 7.Wireless charger is set in the insulating base 11 of electric power connection guide rail 1, wireless charging power supply can be provided, making wireless charging mobile phone, shaver etc. have the small household appliances of wireless charging function when being positioned near this electric power connected system, can be charged.
Embodiment 9
The present embodiment is the improvement carried out embodiment every in embodiment 8.In electric power connection guide rail, install power supply connecting device, conductive copper wire is connected with power supply by power supply connecting device.
On the metope that the electric power connection guide rail of this electric power connected system is installed on architecture indoor skirting position or ground, and extend to all rooms, the power interface of One's name is legion can be provided.Especially, this system is applicable to use in the Business Building of electric equipment in a large number, and this electric power connected system can provide a large amount of power interfaces.This electric power connected system can meet this demand, and operating room can be made to become more clean and tidy, makes job site become safer.This electric power connected system is easy Fast Installation also, is suitable for the needs that exhibition is arranged exhibits.This electric power connected system is applicable to life staying idle at home, can provide power interface for increasing household electrical appliance.
On the metope that above-mentioned electric power connected system can be arranged on skirting position or ground, and extend to indoor all rooms.

Claims (10)

1. an electric power connected system, for the grafting of appliance plug, it is characterized in that, comprise electric power connection guide rail (1), this electric power connection guide rail (1) comprises insulating base (11), conductive copper wire (12) and some pieces of insulating lids (13), described insulating lid (13) is closed actively and is covered insulating base (11)
At least have three parallel guide-track grooves (111) from the end face of insulating base (11) to bottom surface along electric power connection guide rail bearing of trend, insulated from each other between each bar guide-track groove (111),
Distance between each bar guide-track groove (111) is corresponding with the distance between appliance plug pin,
Described conductive copper wire (12) is placed in guide-track groove (111), and the degree of depth of installing each bar guide-track groove (111) after conductive copper wire (12) equals the height of appliance plug pin,
Described conductive copper wire (12) is connected with the live wire of power supply, ground wire, zero line respectively;
Take off any one piece of insulating lid, and on described electric power connection guide rail during grafting appliance plug, described appliance plug is closed and is covered insulating base (11).
2. electric power connected system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described insulating lid (13) covers on insulating base (11), described insulating base (11) is provided with location hole (112), described insulating lid (13) is provided with the reference column (132) matched with location hole.
3. electric power connected system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, covering in face of described insulating lid (13) is provided with seal ridge (137), described seal ridge (137) is fastened in guide-track groove (111), and the quantity of described seal ridge (137) is identical with the quantity of guide-track groove (111).
4. electric power connected system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described insulating base (11) at least offers insulation cover slot (16) at a sidewall along electric power connection guide rail bearing of trend, described insulation cover slot (16) forms insulation cover slot plane by described guide-track groove (111) in insulating base (11), and described insulating lid (13) inserts in insulation cover slot plane to close actively and covers insulating base (11).
5. electric power connected system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described insulating base (11) is provided with reference column (132), described insulating lid (13) is provided with the location hole (112) matched with reference column (132).
6. electric power connected system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described insulating base (11) is provided with several locking holes (135), described insulating lid (13) is provided with through hole (136), when insulating lid (13) covers insulating base (11), described locking hole (135) aligns with described through hole (136), described insulating lid (13) is locked on insulating base (11) by a locking pin (134), and described locking pin (134) is successively through locking hole (135) and through hole (136).
7. the electric power connected system according to claim 1 to 6 any one, is characterized in that, adopts one side to cut shoulder tenon structure and close between adjacent insulating lid (13).
8. electric power connected system according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described insulating base is provided with wireless charger in (11).
9. electric power connected system according to claim 7, is characterized in that, on the metope that described electric power connection guide rail is arranged on indoor skirting position or ground, and extends to all rooms.
10. electric power connected system according to claim 7, is characterized in that, be provided with power supply connecting device in described electric power connection guide rail, described conductive copper wire is connected with power supply by power supply connecting device.
CN201520408792.6U 2015-06-12 2015-06-12 A kind of electric power connected system Withdrawn - After Issue CN204720643U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201520408792.6U CN204720643U (en) 2015-06-12 2015-06-12 A kind of electric power connected system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201520408792.6U CN204720643U (en) 2015-06-12 2015-06-12 A kind of electric power connected system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN204720643U true CN204720643U (en) 2015-10-21

Family

ID=54319614

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201520408792.6U Withdrawn - After Issue CN204720643U (en) 2015-06-12 2015-06-12 A kind of electric power connected system

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN204720643U (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104868280A (en) * 2015-06-12 2015-08-26 相舆科技(上海)有限公司 Electric power connecting system
WO2016197927A1 (en) * 2015-06-12 2016-12-15 Shanutec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. An electrical power outlet strip

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104868280A (en) * 2015-06-12 2015-08-26 相舆科技(上海)有限公司 Electric power connecting system
WO2016197927A1 (en) * 2015-06-12 2016-12-15 Shanutec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. An electrical power outlet strip
US10468806B2 (en) 2015-06-12 2019-11-05 Shanutec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. Electrical power outlet strip

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN104868280A (en) Electric power connecting system
US11063411B2 (en) Floor power distribution system
US9716357B2 (en) Electric power connecting
CN203859355U (en) Intelligent home power connecting system
CN204720643U (en) A kind of electric power connected system
CN204858106U (en) Power communication track
CN206259535U (en) A kind of five spring hole scokets with safety door
CN105048156A (en) Insertion-piece type mobile socket
CN204720718U (en) A kind of household electric connected system
CN105006715A (en) Electric power communication track equipped with power supplies
CN104993340A (en) Indoor electric power connection system
CN204760453U (en) Electric automobile lithium ion battery case that commonality is good
CN205789271U (en) A kind of convenient cable dismantling cushion collar
CN204858195U (en) Indoor electricity connection system that uses
CN202352912U (en) Safety source socket panel for preventing electricity leakage and water seepage
CN106532313B (en) Rectangular inverted socket
CN204927630U (en) Drawer type inserted sheet socket
CN104901099A (en) Household electric connection system
CN204927613U (en) Inserted sheet formula portable socket -outlet
CN203690581U (en) Wall in type socket
CN203367616U (en) A female plug connector with a waterproof and dustproof function
CN208753638U (en) A kind of anti-loose line connector
CN104993296A (en) Power communication track
CN205752736U (en) A kind of electric power plug socket
CN215869958U (en) E50H socket

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
AV01 Patent right actively abandoned
AV01 Patent right actively abandoned

Granted publication date: 20151021

Effective date of abandoning: 20171114