CN204703864U - A piston type lifting device on the surface of an oil well - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of oil well ground lifting methods, and specifically provides a piston type lifting device for oil well ground, which includes a piston cylinder (4) and a piston (5) capable of reciprocating movement in the piston cylinder (4), the piston ( 5) Sliding seal is adopted between the piston cylinder (4); the lower end of the piston cylinder (4) is connected with the oil suction pipe (2), and there is a The oil pumping check valve (3) that can only flow the crude oil to the piston cylinder (4); The connection port of (8) is provided with an oil outlet check valve (7) that can only flow crude oil to the oil outlet pipeline (8). The main equipment of the device is above the wellhead, without sucker rods, pumps and downhole accessories, etc., which avoids partial wear of rods and pipes, and is easy to maintain. It reduces the impact of oil well start-up time, reduces production costs and investment, and increases benefits. .

Description

A piston type lifting device on the surface of an oil well

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of lifting methods on the surface of oil wells, and is a lifting device for pumping oil through the mechanical reciprocating motion of ground pistons, in particular to a piston-type lifting device on the surface of oil wells, which is suitable for directional wells, inclined wells, etc. Oil wells prone to eccentric wear of rods and tubes.

Background technique

The pumping unit rod oil production system has the advantages of simple structure, strong and durable, etc., and has been the most widely used artificial lift device in oilfields in recent years. With continuous development and progress, the disadvantages of the rod oil production system are also constantly highlighted. The first is the problem of eccentric wear of rods and pipes. With the increasing number of directional wells and highly deviated wells, the number of wells with eccentric wear of rods and pipes and broken rods has increased year by year. For example, in Changqing in recent years, sucker rod failures have accounted for the total number of maintenance operations. About 30% of sucker rod failures are caused by eccentric wear. In recent years, through the optimization of the pole structure and the development of supporting anti-wear blocks, the problem of partial wear has been alleviated, but it has not been fundamentally resolved. It costs a huge amount of money to treat and maintain the eccentric wear well every year, and also seriously affects the production time of the oil well. The second is that as the depth of the oil well continues to increase, the length of the rod string also increases. However, the energy transfer efficiency of the rod string system is only about 50-85%, and it decreases with the increase of the depth of the rod string. The self-weight of the column is large, the load of the column occupies a large proportion of the suspension point load, and the energy consumption of the column itself is relatively large, resulting in low effective power and system efficiency of the mechanized recovery well, and large power consumption. Third, due to complex wellbore conditions, wax, scale or corrosion products are likely to cause deep well pump failures, and maintenance operations due to pump failures account for more than 60% of the total number of operations each year. Fourth, the rod pumping system of mechanical production wells requires sucker rods, pumps and other wellhead facilities, and the production cost is relatively high.

Therefore, it is necessary to design a piston-type lifting device on the surface of the oil well. The main equipment of the device can be above the wellhead, and there are no sucker rods, pumps and downhole accessories, so that it can avoid partial wear of the rod and tube, and is easy to maintain. Reduce the influence of oil well start-up time rate, reduce production cost investment and increase benefit.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, and to design a piston-type lifting device on the surface of an oil well. The rod and pipe are eccentrically worn and easy to maintain, which reduces the impact of oil well start-up time, reduces production cost investment, and increases benefits.

For this reason, the utility model provides a piston-type lifting device on the surface of an oil well, including a piston barrel and a piston capable of reciprocating movement in the piston barrel under the action of an external force, and a sliding seal is adopted between the piston and the piston barrel; The lower end of the piston cylinder is connected with an oil extraction pipe, and an oil extraction check valve that can only flow crude oil to the piston cylinder is provided in the connection port between the piston cylinder and the oil extraction pipe; the lower end of the piston cylinder is also connected with an oil outlet pipeline, and An oil outlet check valve which can only flow crude oil to the oil outlet pipeline is arranged in the connection port between the piston cylinder and the oil outlet pipeline.

The upper end of the piston is fixed with a piston rod.

The fixing method between the lower end of the piston rod and the piston adopts threaded connection.

The above-mentioned oil suction pipe is vertically downward and connected with the lower end surface of the piston barrel.

The above-mentioned oil outlet pipeline is along the horizontal direction and connected with the side of the lower end of the piston barrel.

Beneficial effects of the utility model: the oil well surface piston type lifting device provided by the utility model includes a piston barrel and a piston capable of reciprocating movement in the piston barrel under the action of an external force, and a sliding seal is adopted between the piston and the piston barrel; The lower end of the piston cylinder is connected with an oil extraction pipe, and an oil extraction check valve that can only flow crude oil to the piston cylinder is installed in the connection port between the piston cylinder and the oil extraction pipe; the lower end of the piston cylinder is also connected with an oil outlet pipeline, and the The connection port between the barrel and the oil outlet pipeline is provided with an oil outlet check valve that can only flow crude oil to the oil outlet pipeline. Compared with the rod oil production system of the conventional pumping unit, the structure provided by the utility model has the following advantages:

1. There is no need for downhole accessories such as sucker rods and pumps, which fundamentally eliminates the occurrence of eccentric wear of pipes and rods and failures of pumps, and the maintenance operations will be reduced by more than 80%. Significantly reduced, saving production investment costs and maintenance operating costs;

2. The supporting facilities of the device are all placed on the ground, with high working stability, convenient maintenance and operation, which reduces the difficulty and cost of maintenance and improves the economic benefits of oil well development;

3. The device does not need four-bar linkage mechanism and sucker rod to transfer energy, which reduces the energy loss of the equipment itself, improves the energy transfer efficiency of the ground drive equipment, reduces the energy consumption of oil extraction, and improves the system efficiency.

The utility model will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the utility model.

Explanation of reference signs: 1, oil pipe; 2, oil extraction pipe; 3, oil extraction check valve; 4, piston cylinder; 5, piston; 6, piston pull rod; 7, oil discharge check valve;

Detailed ways

Example 1:

As shown in Figure 1, the utility model provides a piston-type lifting device on the surface of an oil well, which includes a piston cylinder 4 and a piston 5 that can reciprocate in the piston cylinder 4 under the action of an external force. The way of sliding sealing is adopted; the lower end of the piston cylinder 4 is connected with the oil suction pipe 2, and the oil suction check valve 3 which can only flow crude oil to the piston cylinder 4 is provided in the connection port between the piston cylinder 4 and the oil suction pipe 2; The lower end of the piston cylinder 4 is also connected with an oil outlet pipeline 8 , and an oil outlet single flow valve 7 that can only flow crude oil to the oil outlet pipeline 8 is provided in the connection port between the piston cylinder 4 and the oil outlet pipeline 8 .

Example 2:

On the basis of Embodiment 1, the piston rod 6 is fixed on the upper end of the piston 4, and the specific fixing method can be threaded connection. The oil extraction pipe 2 is vertically downward and connected with the lower end surface of the piston barrel 4 . The oil outlet pipeline 8 is along the horizontal direction and connected with the side of the lower end of the piston cylinder 4 .

The piston rod 6 pulls the piston 5 to perform mechanical reciprocating motion in the piston barrel 4, and the sealing method between the piston 5 and the piston barrel is a sliding seal. The ground driving equipment transmits the power to the piston rod, and the piston rod pushes the piston to reciprocate in the piston cylinder. During the upward stroke of the mechanical reciprocating movement of the piston, the piston rod 6 pulls the piston upward, and the oil outlet single-flow valve is closed, and the oil pumping is single-flow. When the valve is opened, the crude oil in the wellbore enters the piston cylinder through the pumping check valve; the bottom of the piston cylinder is connected to the wellhead tubing. When the piston moves down, the piston rod pushes the piston downward, the oil discharge check valve opens, the pumping check valve closes, the crude oil in the piston barrel passes through the oil discharge check valve, and the oil production process is completed through the oil discharge pipeline. The device continuously reciprocates in this way, and can continuously extract crude oil from the wellbore. Wherein the oil suction check valve and the oil discharge check valve have the same structure, but the installation direction is opposite.

The working principle of the device is to push the piston to reciprocate in the compression chamber through the ground power equipment to change the space volume in the piston barrel, thereby changing the pressure in the piston barrel, and using the pressure difference between the piston barrel and the wellbore of the oil well to lift the crude oil to ground. When the piston moves from bottom to top, the volume inside the piston barrel increases, the pressure decreases, the oil outlet check valve closes, the oil extraction check valve opens, and the liquid in the wellbore enters the piston barrel from the oil extraction check valve. When the piston moves from top to bottom, the volume inside the piston barrel becomes smaller and the pressure increases, so that the oil pumping check valve is closed, the oil delivery check valve is opened, and the liquid in the piston barrel enters the oil delivery pipeline through the oil delivery check valve to complete the process. Drain. Such continuous reciprocating work can extract crude oil from the wellbore.

Therefore, the structure provided by the utility model has the following advantages compared with the rod oil production system of the conventional pumping unit:

1. There is no need for downhole accessories such as sucker rods and pumps, which fundamentally eliminates the occurrence of eccentric wear of pipes and rods and failures of pumps, and the maintenance operations will be reduced by more than 80%. Significantly reduced, saving production investment costs and maintenance operating costs;

2. The supporting facilities of the device are all placed on the ground, with high working stability, convenient maintenance and operation, which reduces the difficulty and cost of maintenance and improves the economic benefits of oil well development;

3. The device does not need four-bar linkage mechanism and sucker rod to transfer energy, which reduces the energy loss of the equipment itself, improves the energy transfer efficiency of the ground drive equipment, reduces the energy consumption of oil extraction, and improves the system efficiency.

The parts that are not described in detail in this embodiment are commonly known and commonly used means in this industry, and will not be described here one by one. The above examples are only illustrations of the utility model, and do not constitute a limitation to the protection scope of the utility model. All designs identical or similar to the utility model all belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (5)

1. A piston-type lifting device on the surface of an oil well, characterized in that it includes a piston barrel (4) and a piston (5) that can reciprocate in the piston barrel (4) under the action of an external force, and the piston (5) and the piston barrel (4) adopts a sliding seal; the lower end of the piston cylinder (4) is connected with the oil suction pipe (2), and there is a valve in the connection port between the piston cylinder (4) and the oil suction pipe (2) that can only flow the crude oil to The oil pumping check valve (3) of the piston cylinder (4); the lower end of the piston cylinder (4) is also connected with the oil outlet pipeline (8), and the connection between the piston cylinder (4) and the oil outlet pipeline (8) An oil outlet check valve (7) that can only flow crude oil to the oil outlet pipeline (8) is provided in the mouth. 2. The oil well surface piston type lifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper end of the piston (4) is fixed with a piston rod (6). 3. The oil well surface piston type lifting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the fixing method between the lower end of the piston rod (6) and the piston (5) is threaded connection. 4. The oil well surface piston type lifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the oil suction pipe (2) is vertically downward and connected with the lower end surface of the piston cylinder (4). 5. A piston-type lifting device on the surface of an oil well according to claim 1, characterized in that: the oil outlet pipeline (8) is along the horizontal direction and connected to the side of the lower end of the piston cylinder (4).