CN204698550U - Utilize the myofunctional checkout gear of mandibular surface checking with EMG method genioglossus - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses one and utilize the myofunctional checkout gear of mandibular surface checking with EMG method genioglossus, comprise at least three acquisition electrodes for collection surface electromyographic signal, wherein, at least one deck development non-woven fabrics fiber is had in described acquisition electrode surface coverage.This utility model adopts nano silver fibre to make dry electrode, reduce and use conductive paste, its polarization electromotive force is little, apply more convenient, and the effect of good myoelectricity guiding can be obtained, the electromyographic signal collected accurately, can not only be applied to human body mandibular surface checking with EMG method more comprehensively, and the surface myoelectric that also can be used for other positions of health detects.

Description

Utilize the myofunctional checkout gear of mandibular surface checking with EMG method genioglossus

Technical field

This utility model relates to biomedical engineering field, particularly relates to one and utilizes the myofunctional checkout gear of mandibular surface checking with EMG method genioglossus.

Background technology

Electromyogram (Electromyography, EMG) is static with electronics instrument record muscle or the curve of electrical activity when shrinking; Article one, myofibrillar action potential defines single muscle fiber action potential (Single Fiber Action Potential, SFAP) in communication process; In a motor unit, all SFAP superposition over time and space forms motor unit action potential (Motor Unit ActionPotential, MUAP) (Peter, 2005); Motor unit action potential sequence (Motor Unit Action Potential train, MUAPt) is produced in motor unit continuous discharge process; During musculation, in detecting electrode place superposition formation electromyographic signal after the filter action of the volume conductor that the MUAPt that the multiple motor units participating in musculation are formed form through muscle, subcutaneous tissue and skin etc.

It is directly inserted in muscular tissue by the tiny electrodes such as needle electrode, wire electrode, hook shape electrode to gather that traditional EMG detects, and obtains plug-in type electromyographic signal (intramuscular EMGSignal, iEMG).Needle electrode, wire electrode, hook shape electrode can contact with muscle fiber well, and it is lower that MUAP superposes mutually degree, therefore easily can detect the MUAP sequence of different types of movement unit.But what iEMG detected has wound, brings larger misery to experimenter.Surface electromyogram signal (Surface EMG, SEMG) being detecting electrode is placed on skin surface to gather EMG signal (Hermens et al, 1984), is a kind of noninvasive EMG detection method, but also there are following some shortcomings, specific as follows:

1) compared with iEMG, SEMG is that EMG signal obtains after the tissues such as muscle, fat, skin, for the people of different physiological status, age, sex, skeletal form, skin, the impact of above-mentioned tissue on EMG signal differs greatly, and is difficult to the examination criteria that formation one is unified.

2) EMG signal is in communication process, receives the filter action of the volume conductor be made up of various tissue, and certain distortion easily occurs waveform, and volume conductor also makes to superpose mutually generation crosstalk with multiple MUAP at a distance nearby, is difficult to distinguish.

3) Hz noise, electrocardio, electrode to move etc. and can produce interference to the measurement of SEMG, and the skin with larger impedance can reduce the signal to noise ratio of SEMG.

SEMG signal detection has noinvasive, easily advantage, also there is the problem of addition of waveforms and variation simultaneously.Therefore, the signal quality improving SEMG electrode needs to improve from electrode material, acquiring biological electric signals treatment circuit and signal processing algorithm aspect.

Duan Yanwen etc. (2007) have developed the powder sintered electrode of a kind of Ag/AgCl, compared with traditional Ag/AgCl coating electrode or silver electrode, have lower electrode-skin impedance, effectively improve the signal to noise ratio of electrode.Generally when using electrode, need to smear conductive paste, to reduce the impedance of electrode, Griss etc. (2002) have developed a kind of spike micro mechanical structure electrode with 100 μm of spacing, this electrode, when not using conductive paste, still can obtain the Low ESR similar to wet electrode.

Active electrode is electrode electrode and amplifying circuit integrated, and adopts the interference that active electrode can avoid electrode connecting line to introduce.Voltage follower and electrode integrate by Nishimura etc. (1992), reduce the impedance of electrode connecting line, effectively inhibit noise jamming; He Qinghua etc. (2003) have developed a kind of active electrode with two-stage amplifying circuit, are successfully applied to SEMG signal detection.

The research main method of current electrode design aspect utilizes space electrode array detection SEMG signal, and improve signal quality by space filtering.Block etc. (2002) and Kleine etc. (2000,2007) utilize the array electrode of 125 passages to gather SEMG signal, obtain the waveform of all kinds of MUAP.Lapatki etc. (2003) have developed a kind of flexible high-density electrode array of polyimide material, and the SEMG that may be used for the crooked position such as cervical region and face detects.

SEMG signal is a kind of bio electricity process of complexity.The action potential of muscular movement, by muscular tissue, subcutaneous tissue, skin isometric(al) conductor, is detected indirectly at skin surface, can introduce a large amount of noise jamming in its formation and transmitting procedure.Main interference comprises: 1, muscular tissue inside, subcutaneous tissue, dermoepidermal etc. have different distributed resistances and distribution capacity, and each action potential superposes and filtering in these tissues; 2, the horny layer of skin surface relatively dry densification, makes the contact impedance of SEMG electrode up to hundreds of k Ω-tens M Ω; 3, can use conductive paste etc. between electrode and skin, form a metal-electrolyte solution interface, the chemical reaction at this interface can produce an electrode potential, this current potential with electrode and skin exposure level and change.

Due to SEMG signal itself fainter (uV-mV level), easily by noise jamming, and electromyographic signal decays to some extent again after subcutaneous tissue and skin, the acquisition and processing of surface electromyogram signal is made to have higher difficulty, therefore be necessary to improve from source, namely the material of electrode and arrangement mode studied.

Surface electrode structure comprises the area of electrode and contact skin, shape and interelectrode distance.Standard two-electrode law regulation electrode is the circle of diameter 1cm, and electrode spacing is 2cm (O ' Connor et al.2007), and the placement location of two electrodes is the position, belly of muscle center of target flesh.In practical operation, the location of this position is many is determined distinguishing of anatomy body surface marking by naked eyes.

General electrode adopts silver-silver chloride (Ag/AgCl), when electric current is by electrode electrolyte interface, can not produce electric double layer.The characteristic of this kind of electrode is close to complete nonpolarizable electrode, and as shown in Figure 1, in Fig. 1,1 represents lead terminal to typical Ag/AgCl electrode, and 2 represent insulation board, and 3 represent Ag/AgCl electrode, and 4 represent conductive paste, and 5 represent skin.Ag/AgCl, by containing conductive paste and the contact skin of Cl-ion, when signal passes through, maintains flow of charge by the chemical equilibrium reaction shown in formula (1).

AgCl+e-Ag+Cl ^-(1)

In order to make electrode and skin have good electrical contact to derive current potential, need to smear conductive paste on skin.But when using for a long time, conductive paste is easily dry, it has the stimulation of chemistry to skin in addition.Also have, the DC potential of polarizing voltage and so on is produced between metal electrode and tissue fluid (as perspiration etc.) or conductive paste, and this DC potential is easily along with respiration wave, baseline fluctuation will be caused to produce wave distortion, sometimes also easily amplifier saturation is caused, and the performance of conducting medium can along with time variations, electric conductivity can decline or disappear, thus the quality that impact gathers.

Utility model content

Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is, there is provided one to utilize the myofunctional checkout gear of mandibular surface checking with EMG method genioglossus, itself be subject to the problems such as the quality that noise jamming, electromyographic signal easily decay in communication process, the use that is comparatively large, conductive paste of the acquisition and processing difficulty of surface electromyogram signal causes the change of conducting medium performance and then impact to gather to solve original electrode adopted in checking with EMG method process.

This utility model solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme, one is provided to utilize the myofunctional checkout gear of mandibular surface checking with EMG method genioglossus, comprise at least three acquisition electrodes for collection surface electromyographic signal, wherein, at least one deck development non-woven fabrics fiber is had in described acquisition electrode surface coverage.When employing three acquisition electrodes, using one as reference fixing point, two other is triangularly arranged with it.

Preferably, the silver content of described development non-woven fabrics fiber is 45% ~ 60%, and filament diameter is 6-45.5um, and fracture elongation is 40% ~ 43%, and resistance is 10 ~ 50 Ω, and polarization potential is 38uv ~ 42uv.

Preferably, described acquisition electrode is cylindric, is fixed in an annular groove, and the notch size of described groove is suitable for mutually with acquisition electrode size.The shape of described groove can be set to the suitable shape such as similar coin shape, flying disk type, top-type or column type, and groove can accommodating described acquisition electrode, and also as supporting fixture, groove can be made and be fixed on soft cloth.

Preferably, the diameter of described acquisition electrode is 11.5mm ~ 12.5mm, thickness size is 3.3mm ~ 4.3mm, the shape of electrode differs and is decided to be the cylinder of standard, it can be Elliptic Cylinder, in principle, the shape of electrode and the shape of notch can be set to arbitrary suitable shape matched.

Further, described checkout gear also comprises filtering and amplifying circuit, A/D change-over circuit, wireless transmission unit and power supply unit, described filtering and amplifying circuit amplifies for the faint surface electromyogram signal collected acquisition electrode, filtering clutter, described A/D change-over circuit is used for being converted to digital signal to the analogue signal through filtering and amplifying circuit, radio transmission of digital signals to host computer after conversion carries out storing by described wireless transmission unit, treatment and analysis, and described power supply unit is used for providing stable voltage to described checkout gear.

More preferably, the silver content of described development non-woven fabrics fiber is 52%.

Further, described acquisition electrode adopts shielding line to be connected with the circuit transmission between described filtering and amplifying circuit and A/D change-over circuit.

Further, described acquisition electrode and human epidermal phase-contact surface maintain an equal level higher than described groove top or with described groove top.

Further, described wireless transmission unit is used for the digital circuit after by conversion and is wirelessly transmitted to that host computer carries out storing, treatment and analysis.

Further, whole mandibular surface checking with EMG method device adopts group floating place technology, and namely whole system adopts battery powered, is not connected, to reduce Hz noise with the earth.

Compared with prior art, provided by the utility modelly utilize the myofunctional checkout gear of mandibular surface checking with EMG method genioglossus, adopt nano silver fibre to make dry electrode, reduce and use conductive paste, its polarization electromotive force is little, apply more convenient, because the space structure of partes corporis humani position is different, therefore, electrode is fixed on soft and on resilient groove base, most positions of health can be applicable to, and comfortable wearing.According to clinical experience, propose suitable electrode size structure, the time and space resolution being more conducive to lower jaw body surface detection improves, and system adopts battery powered, and group floating place technology, can reduce interference to greatest extent, improves signal to noise ratio.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram adopting Ag/AgCl electrode in prior art;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation utilizing the myofunctional checkout gear of mandibular surface checking with EMG method genioglossus described in the utility model;

Fig. 3 (a) is the front view of the electrode described in Fig. 2;

Fig. 3 (b) is the front view that the nano silver fibre described in Fig. 2 is combined with electrode and groove;

Fig. 4 is the circuit connection diagram utilizing the myofunctional checkout gear of mandibular surface checking with EMG method genioglossus described in the utility model.

Detailed description of the invention

Following examples only for clearly the technical solution of the utility model being described, and can not limit protection domain of the present utility model with this.As employed some vocabulary to censure particular elements in the middle of description and claim.Those skilled in the art should understand, and hardware manufacturer may call same parts with different noun.This specification and claims are not used as with the difference of title the mode distinguishing parts, but are used as the criterion of differentiation with parts difference functionally.Description subsequent descriptions is for implementing better embodiment of the present utility model, and right described description is to illustrate for the purpose of this novel rule, and is not used to limit scope of the present utility model.Protection domain of the present utility model is when being as the criterion depending on the claims person of defining.

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, this utility model is described in further details.

Myoelectricity is human muscle, neural excitation produces bioelectric result.Utilize electromyographic signal can reach a lot of target, such as, utilize myoelectric-controlled prosthesis, the amyotrophy of myoelectricity stimulation therapy, in sports, diagnose muscle strength and muscle fatigue etc.Surface myoelectric is then the nervimuscular bioelectrical signals recorded by electrode from human skin, has non-invasive, and advantage simple to operate, has a wide range of applications.Genioglossus (genioglossus, GG) is between lower jaw and tongue, and forming the forearm of pars oralis pharyngis, is important epithelium healing dilator.GG is a pair strong muscle, plays mental spine after lower jaw member, and muscle fiber is fan-shapedly to disperse rearwardly and upwardly, terminates in tongue center line both sides.GG maintains the open important muscle of epithelium healing, causes tongue body forward downward to move, make glossopharyngeal part cross-sectional area increase and consolidate epithelium healing during contraction.Under most of the time even sleep state, GG is in contraction state, makes partial upper airway remain open; If GG and geniohyoid (geniohyoideus) are in diastole state, then can cause airway obstruction, cause snoring and obstructive sleep apnea (obstructive sleep apnea, OSA).Analyze the movable functions and effects in OSA morbidity of GG, intervene significant for understanding pathogeny, guiding treatment and prevention.Hu Baoming etc. (2008) are verified, and lower jaw SEMG can represent the myofunctional change of GG substantially, and has good stability, now for the research of the sleep such as Sleep stages, sleep-respiratory corelation behaviour.

As shown in Figure 2, one disclosed in the utility model utilizes the myofunctional checkout gear of mandibular surface checking with EMG method genioglossus, simple to operation, be easy to allow people accept, small utility, low-power consumption, it comprises at least three acquisition electrodes 10 for collection surface electromyographic signal, acquisition electrode 10 can arrange multiple, when employing three acquisition electrodes, be located at human lower jawbone mid point for one, as common, under two other is symmetrically set in bicker, the relative mental foramen place of 10mm is (with 10mm under median mandibular point for mid point, bilateral splits 20mm place), acquisition electrode can adopt space electrode configuration mode, namely utilize multiple electrode by collection object, the form of mutual combination gathers, wherein, at least one deck development non-woven fabrics fiber 20 is had in described acquisition electrode 10 surface coverage.

Acquisition electrode 10 employing of the present utility model is coated with development fiber 20 and is made into dry electrode, does not use conductive paste or other electrolytes as the coupling path between skin and electrode, but realizes by the principle of capacitively coupled signal.Nanofiber 20 adopts the arrangement mode of non-woven fabrics, this formation, has protection against the tide, ventilative, pliable and tough, light weight, not combustion-supporting, the advantage such as mithridatism and corrosion resistance, the nano silver fibre electrode quality be made is soft, comfortable wearing, can fit tightly with skin, and compatible degree is good.The effect of nano silver fibre 20 converts the ion current that myoelectricity produces to polarization potential, and the perspiration of skin itself is by after the absorption of other fibers, be combined with filamentary silver and react, can reduce the contact impedance of electrode, contact impedance is little, improves charge conversion efficiency, play the effect of similar conductive paste, but really need not smear conductive paste, and hurtless measure, no pain, easy to use, also can play the object of good conduction.

Detecting of human biological electricity, the guiding of sensor-electrode must be relied on, but be not any shape, size, materials and process make electrode can obtain myoelectricity guide good result, this is because electrode material will contact with tissue (comprising cell tissue and body fluid), not only there is the contact of electrochemistry aspect, also the effect of physics and chemistry aspect can be there is, due in human biological electricity, myoelectricity is fainter, therefore guides the Material selec-tion relation of the acquisition electrode of myoelectricity very large.

Specifically, the silver content of the development non-woven fabrics fiber 20 on acquisition electrode 10 of the present utility model is 45% ~ 60%, the silver content of preferred employing is 52%, such effect that can obtain good electric charge and guide, the signal intensity that acquisition testing goes out is maximum, filament diameter is 6-45.5um, fracture elongation is 40% ~ 43%, resistance is 10 ~ 50 Ω, polarization potential is 38uv ~ 42uv, this utility model is by the optimal choice to silver-colored fibrous material, electrode contact impedance can be made to keep stable, the action potential waveform rule that gathers out is clear easily distinguishes, and it is little to the interference of signal source, and avoid the generation of harmful material.

The size of electrode directly can affect the performance of myoelectricity collection, and electrode is too little, and contact impedance is comparatively large, is unfavorable for signals collecting; Electrode is too large, although contact impedance reduces, can reach the requirement of signals collecting, be subject to the restriction of lower jaw special construction and surface area, and electrode again can not be too large, is unfavorable for too greatly wearing, comfortable not.Through a large amount of clinical trial repeatedly, what be made into by described acquisition electrode 10 as shown in Fig. 3 (a) is cylindric, its diameter D size is between 11.5mm ~ 12.5mm, thickness H size is 3.3mm ~ 4.3mm, its one of them face contacted with surface skin columned can slightly on heave, have the radian that a section is less, the electrode size obtained like this is the most suitable, certain described acquisition electrode can be made into other any suitable shapes, such as cuboid etc.

The micro-displacement occurred due to electrode and skin surface can cause noise, interference electromyographic signal, therefore be also provided with the annular groove 30 that is fixed on described acquisition electrode, the notch size of described groove 30 is suitable for mutually with acquisition electrode 10 size, the thickness of described acquisition electrode 10 can equal or a little more than the degree of depth of groove 30, groove can fix electrode, described development non-woven fabrics fiber 20 is covered in the outer surface of described groove 30 further, the one side of acquisition electrode 10 and the outer surface of groove are all wrapped, further, this annular groove 30 can make (not shown) on a whippy Lower jaw support, Lower jaw support can adopt canvas, cotton, the soft resilient material such as rubber is made, by fixing electrode, unnecessary noise can be avoided like this, make muscle accurate positioning, on the other hand, softness and resilient cloth is used to do base, the most position of human body can be applicable to, move and also facilitate, wherein, it is smaller that groove and electrode all design, similar button size, groove can be designed as arbitrary suitable shape, the material of groove can adopt conductive material to make, wire can be connected directly between bottom portion of groove or be passed by the aperture offered at bottom portion of groove and be connected with acquisition electrode and reference electrode.

With reference to shown in Fig. 4, because surface electromyogram signal is very faint, be distributed in uV ~ mV order of magnitude, so need to amplify the requirement that just can reach A/D collecting unit to small-signal, because human body is an electric conductor, Hz noise and external electric field, magnetic field induction all can form measurement noises in human body, the detection of interference electromyographic signal, therefore be also provided with filtering and amplifying circuit in this checkout gear, A/D change-over circuit, wireless transmission unit and power supply unit, described filtering and amplifying circuit is by the surface contact of wire and acquisition electrode, faint surface electromyogram signal for collecting acquisition electrode amplifies and filtering clutter, described A/D change-over circuit is used for being converted to displayable digital signal to the analogue signal through filtering and amplifying circuit, described wireless transmission unit is used for radio transmission of digital signals to host computer, described power supply unit is used for providing stable voltage to described checkout gear.Wherein, described filtering and amplifying circuit can by preamplifier, high pass filter, two-stage amplifier, low pass filter and notch filter connect to form successively, they are integrated in encapsulation in one piece of circuit board and are formed, described wireless transmission unit adopts bluetooth or ZigBee, they are integrated in encapsulation in one piece of circuit board and are formed, adopt integrated mode also can reduce the impedance of electrode connecting line, effective restraint speckle interference, described power supply unit can adopt small lithium battery or accumulator, so also signal to noise ratio can be improved, reduce interference, and battery durable ability is also stronger, be convenient for carrying, be in or go out conveniently to be worn on human body lower jaw position.Wherein, the completely floating ground of whole testing circuit, is not connected with the earth, and the digital signal employing wireless transmission method after described A/D conversion, to host computer, carries out storing, treatment and analysis.Employing wireless transmission avoids the line between electrode and emitter, SEMG is gathered more portable, adopt floating ground technology, this circuit can be made not by the impact of the earth electrical property, the electromagnetic interference that impedance circuit coupling altogether produces can be stoped, effective suppression Hz noise, improves the portability of checkout gear.

With reference to Fig. 3 (b), as this utility model one preferred embodiment, described acquisition electrode 10 adopts shielding line 40 to be connected with the circuit transmission between described filtering and amplifying circuit and A/D change-over circuit, the effect of shielding, to the interference caused in signals transmission, is played in the magnetic field can reducing external electromagnetic field or inner generation so to greatest extent.

This utility model, by adopting nano silver fibre as electrode material, being made into the disposable electrode without the need to smearing conductive paste, greatly improving the signal to noise ratio of SEMG signal, temporal resolution and spatial resolution.

It should be noted that, this utility model is not limited only to mandibular surface checking with EMG method, and the surface myoelectric that also can be used for other positions of health detects.

It should be noted that; the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model; not thereby limit scope of patent protection of the present utility model, this utility model can also carry out the improvement of materials and structures to the structure of above-mentioned various parts, or adopts technically equivalent ones to replace.Therefore the equivalent structure change that all utilizations description of the present utility model and diagramatic content are done, or directly or indirectly apply to other correlative technology fields and be all in like manner all contained in the scope that this utility model contains.

Claims (8)

1. utilize the myofunctional checkout gear of mandibular surface checking with EMG method genioglossus, comprise at least three and it is characterized in that for gathering the acquisition electrode of mandibular surface electromyographic signal, have at least one deck development non-woven fabrics fiber in described acquisition electrode surface coverage.

2. utilize the myofunctional checkout gear of mandibular surface checking with EMG method genioglossus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the filament diameter of described development non-woven fabrics fiber is 6-45.5um, and fracture elongation is 40% ~ 43%, resistance is 10 ~ 50 Ω, and polarization potential is 38uv ~ 42uv.

3. utilize the myofunctional checkout gear of mandibular surface checking with EMG method genioglossus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described acquisition electrode is cylindric, is accommodatingly fixed in an annular groove, and the notch size of described groove is suitable for mutually with acquisition electrode size.

4. utilize the myofunctional checkout gear of mandibular surface checking with EMG method genioglossus as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the diameter of described acquisition electrode is 11.5mm ~ 12.5mm, and thickness size is 3.3mm ~ 4.3mm.

5. utilize the myofunctional checkout gear of mandibular surface checking with EMG method genioglossus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise filtering and amplifying circuit, A/D change-over circuit, wireless transmission unit and power supply unit, described filtering and amplifying circuit connects described acquisition electrode, faint surface electromyogram signal for collecting acquisition electrode amplifies, filtering clutter, described A/D change-over circuit connects described filtering and amplifying circuit, for being converted to digital signal to the analogue signal through filtering and amplifying circuit, described wireless transmission unit, for by conversion after radio transmission of digital signals to host computer, store, treatment and analysis, described power supply unit is used for providing stable supply voltage to described checkout gear.

6. utilize the myofunctional checkout gear of mandibular surface checking with EMG method genioglossus as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described acquisition electrode adopts shielding line to be connected with the circuit transmission between described filtering and amplifying circuit and A/D change-over circuit.

7. utilize the myofunctional checkout gear of mandibular surface checking with EMG method genioglossus as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, whole testing circuit is battery-powered, completely floatingly, is not connected with the earth.

8. utilize the myofunctional checkout gear of mandibular surface checking with EMG method genioglossus as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described acquisition electrode and human epidermal phase-contact surface maintain an equal level higher than described groove top or with described groove top.