CN2046764U - Pretreatment apparatus for purification of water quality - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pretreatment apparatus for purification of water quality and belongs to a filtering layer, wherein, the filtering layer is arranged in a vertical vessel, and at least two filtering layers made of different hard material solid thick particles are arranged at the top and bottom of the vertical vessel, wherein, the specific gravity of the upper layer materials can be less than the lower layer material, but the contacting surface area can be larger than the lower layer material. The uppermost part and lowermost part of the total filtering layer are respectively provided with a sieve plate or a meshed isolating layer. When the utility model is used normally, raw water passes the filtering layer of the apparatus from bottom to top, and the suspended impurity is removed, so the water is purified. The pretreatment apparatus for purification of water quality is not only capable of ensuring the quality of water purification but also is capable of being favorable for inverse-flushing of the filtering layer.

Description

Pretreatment apparatus for purification of water quality

The utility model is the purification of water quality pretreatment unit of suspended impurity in a kind of filtering water, especially suits to use when needs provide the pretreated water of purification continuously in a large number.

In civilian, industrial, scientific research, national defence and other fields, the need usefulness of water is not only measured greatly, and the cleanliness factor of water quality is also had different requirements.As the source of waters such as running water, Industrial Boiler, take from rivers and lakes more, especially all the more so because of wherein generally all containing impurity such as a large amount of different types of suspensions in flood period in rainy season, can't not use as purified treatment.As the water control techniques of removing these suspended contaminations, especially for providing continuously when purifying waste water a large amount of or relatively largely, main what adopt is serial sedimentation basin cleaning system or mechanical filter equipment.The former floor space is big, the cleaning trouble of cleaning system itself; Latter's equipment complexity, investment is high.In addition, when output is little, also often adopt the mode filtering suspended impurity of simple filtration, used filtering material is many with uses that cooperatively interacts such as fine sand, breeze, brown bed course, polymeric foamed materials, purification style all is the natural gravity that utilizes water usually, and from top to down is cleaned by filtering layer.Because used filtering material all has fine and close structure, filter effect is fair during first the use, but because compact structure, current filter from top to bottom in addition, therefore to using the back dirt impurity that in filtering layer, accumulates to clean very difficult even can't carrying out fully, can only partly or entirely be changed, be used inconvenience, more can not realize providing in large quantities continuously and purify waste water.

The purpose of this utility model a kind of can providing in a large number continuously is provided removes purifying waste water of suspended impurity, and is convenient to again clean purification of water quality pretreatment unit simple in structure.

The structure of the utility model purification of water quality pretreatment unit is such: in the vertical vessel made from metal or other material, be placed with the two-layer filter course of being made up of different hard material solids crude particles at least up and down.Requirement to this two-layer filtering material is, the proportion of upper layer of material should be less than lower floor, but specific area should be greater than subsurface material.Belong to metal or nonmetal then influence is little as for the two material.But use consideration from reality, the more extensive convenience in nonmetallic materials source, price is also more cheap, and is all the more so when especially adopting inartificial natural material.Here the size of said specific area had both comprised and having caused because of granule size is different, had also comprised not waiting of the identical but surperficial contact area that cause because of particle surface features of shape etc. of granularity.For example the upper strata filtering material can be selected the slag of coal, coke, coral reef, smelting iron and steel etc. for use, and they generally all have the scraggly surface that can increase contact area.The proportion of lower floor's filtering material should for example can be used natural stones such as quartz, calcite, granite greater than upper layer of material, and materials such as broken pottery, porcelain, rubble or metallic particles.What should propose is, no matter be normal filtration or wash, filtering layer often will be subjected to the continuous impact of current, between the filtering material unavoidably frictional impact will often take place, therefore selected filtering layer material is except that above-mentioned proportion and surface area condition, should also be noted that the performance on its mechanical strength, too strong fragility and fragility should not be arranged, with the fine powder polluted water behind the minimizing material fragmentation.For reduce and relax this frictional impact motion between filtering material and the filtering layer that may cause thus between disorderly layer phenomenon, the highest and lowest side of total filter course should be respectively equipped with a separation layer, its form can be netted, sieve plate shape or other similar version, and material selection metal or nylon, plastics etc. are nonmetal all can.Its objective is that neither block water stream passes through, again the filtering layer material is carried out suitable blocking every fixing and carrying, so separation layer also should have enough mechanical strengths.For this reason, advise better with the separation layer of sieve-plate structure form, the size of water flowing hole and what can be according to determining into and out of the granule size of the water yield and filtering material on the separation layer.

Device of the present utility model adopts is to make the current filtering suspended impurity by the filter course in the device from bottom to up, so not only can utilize the filtering effect of filtering material, and suspension is slowed down with the relative velocity of water movement because of gravity direction is opposite with water (flow) direction, stopping of filtering layer arranged in addition, all strengthened the precipitation clarification of suspension under the self gravitation effect, also easier quilt has the filtering material absorption of bigger surface area contacted upper strata and removes.The impurity dirt that deposits in to filtering layer then adopts top-down recoil current to carry out when cleaning, its process characteristics are opposite during just with filtration, purification, under current and the effect of impurity self gravitation, can easily dirt be rinsed well rapidly.By the above-mentioned course of work and guarantee enough water application efficiencies and convenient requirement of cleaning as can be seen, the granularity of filtering material there is no need, should densification too in small, broken bits yet, diameter with in 6-20 millimeter scope for well.The thickness of filter course also should consider that the back determines according to the overall balances such as content, degree of purification requirement, intake pressure, output requirement of suspension in the water inlet.Also can set up the filter course of some other materials in case of necessity again.But what should point out emphatically is, the undue increase of the gross thickness of filter course does not generally have too big benefit, though because of it can make the purification of water quality degree raising is arranged slightly, has greatly increased the resistance that current pass through, both be unfavorable for improving the amount of providing of purifying waste water in the unit interval, also be unfavorable for cleaning operation.Because what filtering layer often was subjected to is from bottom to top water impact, so filter course adopts the bigger material of proportion down, mechanical strengths such as wear-resisting impact resistance also should be higher relatively, helps slowing down the intergranular frictional impact motion of filtering layer under water impact like this, reduces the disorderly generation of layer phenomenon.The proportion of upper strata filtering material is slightly little, thereby the buoyancy in water increases, current by the time local slight motion can be arranged, can avoid in filtering layer, forming changeless water stream channel, help giving full play to the filtration suction-operated of whole filtering materials.The mutual synergy of two-layer filtering material, the clean-up effect of can increasing water quality effectively.The relative thickness ratio of two filter courses also should be decided according to situations such as water inlet water quality at water source and intake pressures.For example the intake pressure height then the relative thickness of lower floor's filtering layer can suitably increase.

If on filtering layer, remain with the cushion space of suitable size above and/or under the separation layer in the container under the separation layer, be full of by water during work, then can make the current in the access to plant directly not impact separation layer or filtering layer, but after the cushion space buffering, slowly evenly pass through filtering layer again, just more help improving result of use, increase the service life.

From to the source of filtering material and the result of the test of result of use, last filter course material to be to select for use anthracite for well, because of it has layer structure, becomes that to have enough contact surfaces behind the particle long-pending, the effect of filtering the absorption suspended impurity is satisfied, and wide material sources, inexpensive.Following filter course is a convenience to select various nonmetallic natural stones for use, wherein especially with the particle that adopts quartz for well, not only have suitable proportion, hardness and mechanical strength, and wide material sources are easy to get.

With the exception of this, for ease of operations such as use, maintenances, device can be taked the container that has movable loam cake form used always equally, or sets up some operation hand holes, structure facilities such as peep hole.

Further specify structure of the present utility model below by embodiment shown in the drawings.

The structure of Fig. 1 the utility model purification and pretreatment device

In vertical vessel (1), be placed with division board (3), anthracite particle filtering layer (4), quartz particle filtering layer (5) and following division board (6) from top to bottom.All in 6-20 millimeter scope, last lower clapboard is the metal sieve plate that has some through holes to the filtering layer particle diameter.Container (1) is being provided with the cushion space (2,7) that is tapered outside the division board up and down, and the side has hand hole (8), and inlet channel communicates with following space (7), and outlet conduit is connected with last space (2).By filtering layer, the water after the purification flows out from delivery port water from bottom to top during purification; During cleaning then water wash from top to bottom.For economical with materials, can by assemblies such as some general three-way connections and valve cooperate and shared one pack into, delivery port, these conventional measures needn't remake too much record at this.

Pretreatment apparatus for purification of water quality of the present utility model is simple in structure, and cost is very low, uses and keeps in repair very conveniently, and effects of purification quality is good. Random test, to a certain suspension content up to the water of the muddy watering of 4024 mg/litre height after this purifier purifies once, suspension content reduces to about 272 mg/litre, filtering efficient is near 95%. Because the filtering layer resistance is little, not only be conducive to improve cleaning efficiency and cleaning performance to being deposited on dirt wherein, and be conducive to improve water application efficiency, can satisfy the needs that the pretreated water of purification is provided continuously in a large number fully. For example be particularly suited for when Industrial Boiler is done to purify preliminary treatment to supplying water during with ion exchange softening water quality, using.

Claims (8)

1, a kind of purification of water quality pretreatment unit, it is characterized in that in vertical vessel (1), being placed with at least up and down the two-layer filter course of forming by different hard material solids crude particles, proportion of (4) material therefor should be less than the material of lower floor (5) at the middle and upper levels for it, but its specific area should be greater than subsurface material, in the top of total filter course be respectively arranged with the separation layer (3,6) that water is passed through bottom, the water inlet that the below of container (1) remains to be purified waste water, top have the delivery port that purifies back water.

2, device as claimed in claim 1, the particle diameter that it is characterized in that said filtering material is in 6-20 millimeter scope.

3, device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that on the separation layer (3) cushion space (2) being arranged on container (1) inherence.

4, device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that under the separation layer (6) cushion space (7) being arranged down in the container (1).

5, device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said separation layer (3,6) is sieve plate shape structure.

6, device as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that the said filter course (4) of going up is made of anthracitic particle.

7, device as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that said filter course (5) down constitutes for the particle of nonmetallic materials.

8, device as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that said filter course (5) down constitutes for the quartz particle.