CN204650058U - A kind of collector lens - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of collector lens, collector lens is by the multistage center of circle on same straight line and the lens that radius increases successively connect into one-piece construction, and described one-piece construction is convex; Except being positioned at one section of middle lens, all the other all sections of inner lens surfaces are equipped with multiple interior tooth, and connect successively bottom all interior tooth of same section of lens, and the contact length between adjacent interior tooth is H _ic, the line of all interior crest point of same section of lens forms a circle parallel with this section of lens; Be interconnected bottom interior tooth in adjacent segment lens same position; All interior tooth height on all sections of lens is equal.The light be irradiated on photovoltaic cell can maximize and homogenising by the utility model.

Description

A kind of collector lens

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of collector lens.

Background technology

In recent years, along with fossil energy worsening shortages, develop sun power, particularly the generating of research and utilization sun power cheapness is the urgent task long-range again of international energy strategy.Sun power energy flux density is low, but wide in ground mulching scope due to it, there are huge energy development potentiality.In fact, the means by certain collected light collect sun power.In the middle of the means of various optically focused, Fresnel Lenses is a kind of comparatively maturation and the technology of Be very effective.

Existing Fresnel Lenses surface is main adopts multiple arranged in co-axial alignment or Prism Sequence arranged in parallel, compared to traditional sphere or non-spherical lens, instead of the continuous sphere of conventional lenses with surface of discontinuity.Because this step is improved, make the features simple structure of Fresnel Lenses, weight and volume significantly declines, be easy to large-scale manufacture.From spotlight effect, spherical lens by light focusing on a point.And limit due to current process technology, the section engrail of Fresnel Lenses, light can not be gathered in a bit after the Prism Sequence of Fresnel Lenses, but forms one piece of hot spot.

The efficiency of photovoltaic cell capable of generating power depends on the degree of uniformity of sunray.The degree of uniformity of sunray is higher, and the voltage that photovoltaic cell produces is larger.Therefore, sunray must project as far as possible equably on photovoltaic cell by concentrating to generate power technology after superrefraction.Spherical lens, owing to being gone up on one point by light-ray condensing, causes local temperature overheated, easily burns out device, the problem that light-ray condensing becomes hot spot then to solve light excessively to assemble by Fresnel Lenses.But existing Fresnel Lenses method for designing is mostly only considered how to be concentrated on by light a bit, and seldom consider light be uniformly distributed problem.

Utility model content

Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is, not enough for prior art, provides a kind of collector lens.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the utility model adopts is: a kind of collector lens, and by the multistage center of circle on same straight line and the lens that radius increases successively connect into one-piece construction, and described one-piece construction is convex; Except being positioned at one section of middle lens, all the other all sections of inner lens surfaces are equipped with multiple interior tooth, and connect successively bottom all interior tooth of same section of lens, and the contact length between adjacent interior tooth is H _ic, the line of all interior crest point of same section of lens forms a circle parallel with this section of lens; Be interconnected bottom interior tooth in adjacent segment lens same position; All interior tooth height on all sections of lens is equal;

Coordinate (the x of i-th interior tooth upper right edge point of i-th section of lens _i2, y _i2) be $\left\{\begin{array}{c}{x}_{i2}=x_{i4}-\frac{H_{\mathrm{ic}}\·\cos {\mathrm{\β}}_1}{H\·(x_{i4}-x_{i1})}\\ y_{i2}=y_{i4}-\frac{H_{\mathrm{ic}}\·\cos {\mathrm{\β}}_1}{H\·(y_{i4}-y_{i1})}\end{array}\right.,$ The coordinate of bottom right edge point (x ' _i2, y ' _i2) be $\left\{\begin{array}{c}{x_{i2}}^{\′}=x_{i4}-\frac{H_{\mathrm{ic}}\·\cos {\mathrm{\β}}_1}{H\·(x_{i4}-{x_{i1}}^{\′})}\\ {y_{i2}}^{\′}=y_{i4}-\frac{H_{\mathrm{ic}}\·\cos {\mathrm{\β}}_1}{H\·(y_{i4}-{y_{i1}}^{\′})}\end{array}\right.,$ Wherein, (x _i4, y _i4) be the intersecting point coordinate of the right along extended line and collector lens upper surface elongated surfaces of i-th section of lens, i-th interior tooth, H _icbe the contact length of the i-th+1 interior tooth of i-th section of lens, i-th interior tooth and i-th section of lens, wherein H _bfor collector lens plane height, α ₁be i-th section of lens and incident sunray angulation, H is interior tooth height; (x ' _i1, y ' _i1) be the coordinate of the interior cusp end points of i-th, i-th section of lens; (x ' ₁₁, y ' ₁₁)=(0, H _m); (x ' _k1, y ' _k1)=(x _{(k-1) 2}, y _{(k-1) 2}); H _mfor the ordinate of collector lens peak; I>=1; K>=2; β ₁for the refraction angle of i-th section of lens during first time refraction.

The method for designing of the utility model collector lens, comprises the following steps:

1) be the 0th section of lens with most interlude lens, described collector lens be divided into left and right two halves, for the right half part of described collector lens, be 0 ° with first term, tolerance is 0 ~ 1 °, at [0 °, 90 °) interior raw arithmetic progression at an angle, composition angle set Ω;

2) for i-th section of lens, from above-mentioned angle set Ω, select first angle, calculate the refraction angle β of i-th section of lens when there is first time refraction ₁, wherein, i>=1;

3) following formula is utilized to calculate the transverse and longitudinal coordinate (x of the interior tooth upper right edge point of i-th, i-th section of lens _i2, y _i2) and bottom right edge point transverse and longitudinal coordinate (x ' _i2, y ' _i2):

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{x}_{i2}=x_{i4}-\frac{H_{\mathrm{ic}}\·\cos {\mathrm{\β}}_1}{H\·(x_{i4}-x_{i1})}\\ y_{i2}=y_{i4}-\frac{H_{\mathrm{ic}}\·\cos {\mathrm{\β}}_1}{H\·(y_{i4}-y_{i1})}\end{array}\right.,$

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{x_{i2}}^{\′}=x_{i4}-\frac{H_{\mathrm{ic}}\·\cos {\mathrm{\β}}_1}{H\·(x_{i4}-{x_{i1}}^{\′})}\\ {y_{i2}}^{\′}=y_{i4}-\frac{H_{\mathrm{ic}}\·\cos {\mathrm{\β}}_1}{H\·(y_{i4}-{y_{i1}}^{\′})}\end{array}\right.;$

Wherein, (x _i4, y _i4) be the intersecting point coordinate of the right along extended line and collector lens upper surface elongated surfaces of i-th section of lens, i-th interior tooth, H _1cbe the contact length of the i-th+1 interior tooth of i-th section of lens, i-th interior tooth and i-th section of lens, wherein H _bfor collector lens plane height, α ₁be i-th section of lens and incident sunray angulation; H is interior tooth height; (x ' _i1, y ' _i1) be the coordinate of the interior cusp end points of i-th, i-th section of lens; (x ' ₁₁, y ' ₁₁)=(0, H _m); (x ' _k1, y ' _k1)=(x _{(k-1) 2}, y _{(k-1) 2}); H _mfor the ordinate of collector lens peak; K>=2;

4) following formula is utilized to calculate the focusing ratio E of the 0th section of lens ensemble that lens are connected successively to i-th section of lens under first angle:

$E=\frac{X^2}{d^2};$

Wherein, X is the horizontal ordinate of i-th section of rightmost point of lens, and d is spot radius;

5) repeat step 2) ~ 4), all angles in traversal angle set Ω, tooth in the collector lens under design different angles, the above-mentioned steps 4 that under determining angle set Ω, all angles are corresponding) in the focusing ratio of lens ensemble;

6) angle when selecting focusing ratio maximum is as angle formed by i-th section of lens and surface level;

7) step 2 is repeated) ~ 6), design residue section lens, if in the computation process of certain section of lens, do not occur light refraction to enter tooth in target location, or the distance at the most outer of certain section of lens and collector lens center reaches collector lens design radial R, then terminate to calculate; The result of calculation of collector lens left-half and the result of calculation symmetry of right half part.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that the utility model has is: the light be irradiated on photovoltaic cell can maximize and homogenising by the utility model, and energy-conserving and environment-protective, cost is low.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is refraction angle β ₁computation process schematic diagram;

Fig. 2 is a certain section of collector lens first interior tooth left edge point computation process schematic diagram;

Fig. 3 is that the slope on edge on the right of tooth in lens calculates process schematic;

Fig. 4 is the interior tooth upper right edge point of first, i-th section of lens and bottom right edge point coordinate computation process schematic diagram;

Fig. 5 is sectional type collector lens refractive light paths schematic diagram, has indicated lens and be divided into two parts in figure, is parallel to the ground respectively and becomes two kinds of collector lens types of angle with ground.Wherein, this two type is be made up of multistage lens respectively in actual applications, especially, presents decline trend for becoming every block length of lens of angle with ground;

Fig. 6 is the following initialization condition of setting: Fresnel Refractive Index of Material is 1.493, is highly 0.7m (i.e. H _m=0.7m), spot radius is 50mm, basal plane thickness be in 3mm, lens tooth height be 3.5mm, the section physical size design diagram of lens radius collector lens general frame that the utility model calculates when being 906.48mm, the similar prism of shape of each interior tooth in its every block collector lens, and from inside to outside, interior tooth arranging density increases, and each interior tooth width reduces gradually simultaneously;

Fig. 7 is the following initialization condition of setting: Fresnel Refractive Index of Material is 1.493, be highly 0.7m, spot radius is 50mm, basal plane thickness be in 3mm, lens tooth height be 3.5mm, tooth cross-sectional detail schematic diagram in the 1st section ~ the 5th section collector lens of lens radius collector lens general frame that the utility model calculates when being 906.48mm, this section is part parallel to the ground, and from inside to outside, interior tooth arranging density increases, and each interior tooth width reduces gradually simultaneously;

Fig. 8 is the following initialization condition of setting: Fresnel Refractive Index of Material is 1.493, be highly 0.7m, spot radius is 50mm, basal plane thickness be in 3mm, lens tooth height be 3.5mm, tooth cross-sectional detail schematic diagram in the 6th section ~ the 9th section collector lens of lens radius collector lens general frame that the utility model calculates when being 906.48mm, this section is become angle part with ground, and from inside to outside, segmentation collector lens and ground angle depart from 180 ° gradually, simultaneously, tooth arranging density increases, and each interior tooth width reduces gradually.

Embodiment

The utility model collector lens design process is as follows:

(1) most interlude collector lens does not design interior tooth, and this section of collector lens is the 0th section of collector lens, and following steps first calculate the right half part of lens;

(2) be 0 ° with first term, tolerance is 0.1 °, [0 °, 90 °) field angle in, raw arithmetic progression at an angle, composition angle set Ω;

(3) for i-th (i>=1) section collector lens, from this angle set Ω, select an angle, the slope of this section of lens is k, lens and incident sunray angulation α ₁.When light enters lens, refraction angle β when there is first time refraction can be calculated according to refraction law ₁; As shown in Figure 1.

(4) for tooth in the first lens of this section of lens, the coordinate of left edge point is (x ₁₁, y ₁₁), according to tooth height H in lens and angle of incidence of light α ₁and refraction angle β ₁, determine cusp end points in these lens transverse and longitudinal coordinate (x ' ₁₁, y ' ₁₁).For tooth in the first lens of first paragraph lens, the coordinate of its left edge point is (0, H _m), H _mfor the ordinate of collector lens peak.For first interior tooth of kth (k >=2) section lens, the coordinate of its left edge point is the upper right edge point of the rightmost tooth of the preceding paragraph lens position; As shown in Figure 2.Coordinate system of the present utility model refers to hot spot mid point for the center of circle, and with the line of the center of circle and whole collector lens for Y-axis, the line segment perpendicular to Y-axis is the coordinate system of X-axis.

(5), for first interior tooth of i-th section, when tooth is following in light arrives, there is second time refraction, according to refraction law, following equation can be listed:

After second time refraction, the pitch angle of light is r ₁, can obtain through converting following equation can be listed according to geometric relationship:

Wherein, d is spot radius, β ₁₂for the emergence angle of incident ray when second time refraction occurs first lens Nei Yanei, for drift angle on the right of tooth in first lens, n is the refractive index of lens material, and above-mentioned two equations of simultaneous, can calculate and β ₁₂.Then on the right of first interior tooth of i-th section, the slope on edge is as shown in Figure 3.

(6) as shown in Figure 4, the right of first interior tooth of i-th section is (x along the intersection point of extended line and lens upper surface extended line ₁₄, y ₁₄), collector lens basal plane thickness is H _b, for ensureing the thickness of first interior tooth of i-th section, determine that the contact length of tooth in the lens that first interior tooth of i-th section is adjacent with the next one is H _1c, the transverse and longitudinal coordinate (x of the upper right edge point of first interior tooth of i-th section ₁₂, y ₁₂) be:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{x}_{12}=x_{14}-\frac{H_{1c}\·\cos {\mathrm{\β}}_1}{H\·(x_{14}-x_{11})}\\ y_{12}=y_{14}-\frac{H_{1c}\·\cos {\mathrm{\β}}_1}{H\·(y_{14}-y_{11})}\end{array}\right.$

The transverse and longitudinal coordinate of the bottom right edge point of first interior tooth of i-th section (x ' ₁₂, y ' ₁₂) be:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{x_{12}}^{\′}=x_{14}-\frac{H_{1c}\·\cos {\mathrm{\β}}_1}{H\·(x_{14}-{x_{11}}^{\′})}\\ {y_{12}}^{\′}=y_{14}-\frac{H_{1c}\·\cos {\mathrm{\β}}_1}{H\·(y_{14}-{y_{11}}^{\′})}\end{array}\right.$

(7) with tooth upper right edge point (x in the lens of complete design ₁₂, y ₁₂) be the left edge point of tooth in the next lens connected, now the last item of current interior tooth drops on the light coordinate on hot spot is (d ₁, 0);

(8) for tooth in jth (j>=2) individual lens, its left edge point (x _j1, y _j1) be set to the upper right edge point (x of tooth in lens _{(j-1) 2}, y _{(j-1) 2}), i.e. x _j1=x _{(j-1) 2}, y _j1=y _{(j-1) 2}, determine cusp end points in these lens transverse and longitudinal coordinate (x ' _j1, y ' _j1);

(9) pitch angle of the light after second time refraction is r _j, can obtain through converting following equation can be listed according to geometric relationship:

Wherein, the centre coordinate of photovoltaic cell is (0,0), d _jfor each interior tooth the last item falls the horizontal ordinate of light on photovoltaic cells, β _j2for there is incident angle during second time refraction, n is the refractive index of lens material, and above-mentioned two equations of simultaneous, can calculate and β _j2.Then in a jth lens, on the right of tooth, the slope on edge is

(10) in a jth lens, the right of tooth is (x along the intersection point of extended line and lens upper surface extended line _j4, y _j4), then the transverse and longitudinal coordinate (x of the upper right edge point of tooth in these lens _j2, y _j2) be

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{x}_{j2}=x_{j4}-\frac{H_{\mathrm{jc}}\·\cos {\mathrm{\β}}_1}{H\·(x_{j4}-x_{j1})}\\ y_{j2}=y_{j4}-\frac{H_{\mathrm{jc}}\·\cos {\mathrm{\β}}_1}{H\·(y_{j4}-y_{j1})}\end{array}\right.$

In a jth lens bottom right edge point of tooth transverse and longitudinal coordinate (x ' _j2, y ' _j2) be:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{x_{j2}}^{\′}=x_{j4}-\frac{H_{\mathrm{jc}}\·\cos {\mathrm{\β}}_1}{H\·(x_{j4}-{x_{j1}}^{\′})}\\ {y_{j2}}^{\′}=y_{j4}-\frac{H_{\mathrm{jc}}\·\cos {\mathrm{\β}}_1}{H\·(y_{j4}-{y_{j1}}^{\′})}\end{array}\right.$

(11) (8) ~ (10) are repeated, the interior tooth that continuous calculating this section of lens are new, until when occurring can not arrive target location after light is penetrated by odontagma in current lens, then stop calculating, in all lens of now this section of collector lens, tooth has designed, and with following formulae discovery focusing ratio E:

$E=\frac{S_L}{S_D}=\frac{\mathrm{\π}{X}^2}{\mathrm{\π}{d}^2}=\frac{X^2}{d^2},$

Wherein, S _lfor the sunlight receiving area that current collector lens designs, S _dfor focal beam spot area, X is the horizontal ordinate of present segment lens rightest point;

(12) repeat by step (3) ~ (10), all angles in traversal angle set Ω, using this angle as this section of lens and horizontal angulation γ, tooth in all lens designing this section of lens, determines the focusing ratio of angle set Ω lower angled lens;

(13) final angle of the maximum focusing ratio angle of generation as these i-th section of lens is selected;

Repeat step (3) ~ (12), the collector lens that continuous calculating is new, if in the computation process of certain section of collector lens, when not occurring light refraction to enter tooth in target location, or the distance of the most outer of collector lens and lens center reaches collector lens design radial R, then stop the calculating to this certain section collector lens.The result of calculation of left-half and the result of calculation symmetry of right half part, now complete the design of whole collector lens.

Claims (2)

1. a collector lens, is characterized in that, by the multistage center of circle on same straight line and the lens that radius increases successively connect into one-piece construction, and described one-piece construction is convex; Except being positioned at one section of middle lens, all the other all sections of inner lens surfaces are equipped with multiple interior tooth, and connect successively bottom all interior tooth of same section of lens, and the contact length between adjacent interior tooth is H _ic, the line of all interior crest point of same section of lens forms a circle parallel with this section of lens; Be interconnected bottom interior tooth in adjacent segment lens same position; All interior tooth height on all sections of lens is equal.

2. collector lens according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the coordinate (x of i-th interior tooth upper right edge point of i-th section of lens _i2, y _i2) be $\left\{\begin{array}{c}{x}_{i2}=x_{i4}-\frac{H_{\mathrm{ic}}\·\cos {\mathrm{\β}}_1}{H\·(x_{i4}-x_{i1})}\\ y_{i2}=y_{i4}-\frac{H_{\mathrm{ic}}\·\cos {\mathrm{\β}}_1}{H\·(y_{i4}-y_{i1})}\end{array}\right.,$ The coordinate of bottom right edge point (x ' _i2, y ' _i2) be $\left\{\begin{array}{c}{x_{i2}}^{\′}=x_{i4}-\frac{H_{\mathrm{ic}}\·\cos {\mathrm{\β}}_1}{H\·(x_{i4}-{x_{i1}}^{\′})}\\ {y_{i2}}^{\′}=y_{i4}-\frac{H_{\mathrm{ic}}\·\cos {\mathrm{\β}}_1}{H\·(y_{i4}-{y_{i1}}^{\′})}\end{array}\right.,$ Wherein, (x _i4, y _i4) be the intersecting point coordinate of the right along extended line and collector lens upper surface elongated surfaces of i-th section of lens, i-th interior tooth, H _icbe the contact length of the i-th+1 interior tooth of i-th section of lens, i-th interior tooth and i-th section of lens, wherein H _bfor collector lens plane height, α ₁be i-th section of lens and incident sunray angulation, H is interior tooth height; (x ' _i1, y ' _i1) be the coordinate of the interior cusp end points of i-th, i-th section of lens; (x ' ₁₁, y ' ₁₁)=(0, H _m); (x ' _k1, y ' _k1)=(x _{(k-1) 2}, y _{(k-1) 2}); H _mfor the ordinate of collector lens peak; I>=1; K>=2; β ₁for the refraction angle of i-th section of lens during first time refraction.