CN204649999U - A kind of maritime meteorology key element Temperature Humidity Sensor - Google Patents
A kind of maritime meteorology key element Temperature Humidity Sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN204649999U CN204649999U CN201520290631.1U CN201520290631U CN204649999U CN 204649999 U CN204649999 U CN 204649999U CN 201520290631 U CN201520290631 U CN 201520290631U CN 204649999 U CN204649999 U CN 204649999U
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Abstract
A kind of measuring accuracy is high, environmental suitability is strong, interface flexible and be applicable to the maritime meteorology key element Temperature Humidity Sensor of marine environment, concrete technical scheme is as follows: it is characterized in that: by humiture Sensitive Apparatus, signal amplification circuit, voltage transitions current circuit, serial communication circuit, output signal selection circuit forms, wherein, described humiture Sensitive Apparatus is connected with signal amplification circuit and serial communication circuit respectively, signal amplification circuit is connected with output signal selection circuit by voltage transitions current circuit, serial communication circuit is connected with output signal selection circuit.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of maritime meteorology Temperature Humidity Sensor field, particularly strong, the interface flexible of high, the environmental suitability of a kind of measuring accuracy and be applicable to the maritime meteorology key element Temperature Humidity Sensor of marine environment.
Background technology
Air themperature is the physical quantity representing the cold and hot degree of air, with degree Celsius (DEG C) for unit; Relative air humidity is the percent value representing saturated steam density under the density of actual institute moisture vapor in air and equality of temperature, because under same air pressure, water vapor density is directly proportional to steam partial pressure, so relative humidity also equals actual steam partial pressure and the ratio of the saturation vapour pressure under temperature at that time, represent with percentage (%).
The instrument of measuring tempeature mainly contains dry bulb thermometer, thermometer and platinum resistance temperature sensor.Wherein, psychrometer is that the characteristic of expanding with heat and contract with cold according to mercury (alcohol) is made, and sight line and mercury (alcohol) capital end must be kept during observation to flush, and reading action is wanted rapidly, to avoid misreading, to affect the accuracy of temperature registration; Thermometer by sensing part (bimetallic strip), transmit amplifier section (lever), certainly remember part (recording clock, paper, pen) form, this thermometer is when severe cold, lubricating oil on the axle of recording clock can be caused to congeal, phenomenon of stopping, the accuracy that impact is measured; Platinum resistance temperature sensor measures temperature according to the temperature variant principle of the resistance value of platinum resistance, and resistive platinum wire is fired on tiny glass bar or magnetic sheet, and there is protection metal pipe outside, and this sensor needs often to keep clean, dry.
The instrument of Relative Humidity Measuring mainly contains hair hygrometer, aspirated psychrometer and humicap humidity sensor.Wherein, hair hygrometer is the characteristic that can change length according to degreasing human hair with air humidity size, the instrument of the mensuration relative air humidity made by human hair, this sensor is easily subject to the impact of the weather such as high temperature, high salt, make hair dirty, affect measuring accuracy, need periodic cleaning; The principle of aspirated psychrometer is that thermometer bulb is contained in the tubular sleeve pipe communicated with fan, utilize machinery or electrically ventilating device, make fan obtain certain rotating speed and make bulb be in the air-flow of constant speed, to obtain measurement data, but fan rotates easy fault for a long time, the accuracy that impact is measured; Humicap humidity sensor is a kind of peanut capacitor making medium with organic high molecular layer; the head of sensor has protection filter paper, prevents sensing element by dust pollution, monthly should take sensor head guard apart; if the seriously polluted filter paper that should more renew, the accuracy that impact is measured
By the sea in observation criteria, meteorological observation project mainly contains the meteorological elements such as wind, air pressure, air themperature, relative humidity, sea effective visibility, quantity of precipitation, mist.Boats and ships marine hydrometeorology observation project comprises the meteorological elements such as air pressure, temperature, relative humidity, wind, cloud, weather phenomenon, sea effective visibility.Therefore, temperature and relative humidity are the staples in meteorological observation key element.
At present, domestic temperature sensor and relative humidity sensor are separate, and temperature sensor is a platinum resistance, needs design temperature modulate circuit when user uses, and interface circuit is complicated, uses inconvenience; Relative humidity sensor or traditional humicap, this device is not suitable for marine climate environment, and reliability is not high, fragile.The output signal of external Temperature Humidity Sensor is single, cannot meet the demand of user to distinct interface.
Although domestic and international existing Temperature Humidity Sensor can substantially meet the demands in performance, there is following defect: mechanical part is fragile, reading accuracy is low, interface circuit is complicated, environmental suitability is poor, maintaining process is loaded down with trivial details; In addition, the output signal of domestic and international existing Temperature Humidity Sensor is single, cannot meet the demand of user to distinct interface.Therefore, for solving existing Temperature Humidity Sensor Problems existing and defect, the utility model proposes a kind of maritime meteorology key element Temperature Humidity Sensor, to adapt to complicated severe marine environment and user to the demand of distinct interface.
Utility model content
The utility model is difficult to adapt to ocean high temperature, high humidity, high salt fog, the high marine environment of corrosion and the problem of user interface dirigibility demand for land Temperature Humidity Sensor, there is provided that a kind of measuring accuracy is high, environmental suitability be strong, interface flexible and be applicable to the maritime meteorology key element Temperature Humidity Sensor of marine environment, concrete technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of maritime meteorology key element Temperature Humidity Sensor, it is characterized in that: be made up of humiture Sensitive Apparatus, signal amplification circuit, voltage transitions current circuit, serial communication circuit, output signal selection circuit, wherein, described humiture Sensitive Apparatus is connected with signal amplification circuit and serial communication circuit respectively, signal amplification circuit is connected with output signal selection circuit by voltage transitions current circuit, and serial communication circuit is connected with output signal selection circuit; Described humiture Sensitive Apparatus is according to the voltage signal of the change exporting change of temperature and relative humidity, voltage signal is amplified output by signal amplification circuit by one road signal, then by voltage transitions current circuit, the voltage signal of change is converted to current signal; Another road signal is converted to digital signal by serial communication circuit again; Output signal type is selected on request finally by output signal selection circuit.
Described signal amplification circuit is made up of TLC2652 operational amplifier and peripheral circuit thereof, the output signal of humiture Sensitive Apparatus is divided into temperature signal and relative humidity signal, temperature signal directly enters the in-phase input end of the operational amplifier of temperature loop, and relative humidity signal directly enters the in-phase input end of the operational amplifier in relative humidity loop; By the output terminal of feedback resistance concatenation operation amplifier; The output signal of humiture Sensitive Apparatus enters the voltage transitions current circuit in temperature and relative humidity loop respectively after the amplification of operational amplification circuit.
Described voltage transitions current circuit is made up of XTR111 conversion chip, metal-oxide-semiconductor and PNP triode, the input end of described XTR111 conversion chip connects the output terminal of PNP triode operational amplification circuit, set pedestal voltage value by biasing resistor, and then enter the input end of conversion chip by reference resistance; The output signal of conversion chip is connected output signal selection circuit by metal-oxide-semiconductor with PNP triode.
Described serial communication circuit is made up of MAX485 conversion chip and MAX232 conversion chip two-way change-over circuit, the output signal of described humiture Sensitive Apparatus is converted to RS485 level by MAX485 conversion chip on the one hand, be converted to RS232 level by MAX232 conversion chip on the other hand, described MAX485 conversion chip is connected output signal selection circuit with the output signal of MAX232 conversion chip.
Described output signal selection circuit is made up of wire jumper selector switch, and the output signal of voltage transitions current circuit connects output signal selection circuit on the one hand, and the output signal of serial communication circuit connects output signal selection circuit on the other hand; Output signal type can be selected as required by the wire jumper selector switch of output signal selection circuit, comprise 4-20mA current signal, RS485 signal and MAX232 signal.
Described humiture Sensitive Apparatus, signal amplification circuit, voltage transitions current circuit, serial communication circuit, output signal selection circuit are positioned at sensor cartridge; described sensor cartridge adopts injection mold to manufacture one-shot forming; Sensitive Apparatus is positioned at the top of box body, the Defend salt fog protective cover that the housing outside Sensitive Apparatus is made up of PVC material.
The power supply voltage range of sensor is wide, can meet the needs of different DC voltage value.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present utility model and good effect as follows: the utility model meets the requirement of ocean to Temperature Humidity Sensor environmental suitability, and meet user to the multifarious demand of Temperature Humidity Sensor interface shape, the utility model is a kind of Temperature Humidity Sensor being applicable to marine environment, and measuring accuracy is high, environmental suitability is strong, interface flexible.
After reading embodiment of the present utility model by reference to the accompanying drawings, other features of the present utility model and a little becoming clearly.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the utility model embodiment or technical scheme of the prior art, simply introduce to the accompanying drawing used required in utility model embodiment or description of the prior art below, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the utility model sensor operating principles block diagram;
Fig. 2 is signal amplification circuit schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is voltage transitions current circuit schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is RS485 serial communication circuit schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is RS232 serial communication circuit schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is output signal selection circuit theory diagrams.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the utility model is described in further detail.
The utility model sensor tip is difficult to adapt to ocean high temperature, high salt fog, the high marine environment of corrosion and the problem of user interface dirigibility demand to land Temperature Humidity Sensor, have developed a kind of maritime meteorology key element Temperature Humidity Sensor, this Temperature Humidity Sensor can export 4-20mA current signal, RS485 digital signal and RS232 digital signal.
The utility model sensor comprises the hardware circuit of box body and inside thereof.Sensitive Apparatus is equipped with in the upper end of box body; the shell of Sensitive Apparatus is the Defend salt fog protective cover be made up of special PVC material; protective cover surface coverage teflon diaphragm; this protective cover can effectively stop dust, salt fog and other corrosive substances to enter in protective cover; play salt fog resistance, the effect such as anticorrosive; can available protecting Sensitive Apparatus, and this protective cover is containing mechanical part, high temperature resistance, non-maintaining.
As shown in Figure 1, hardware circuit, all through temperature compensation process, comprises Sensitive Apparatus, signal amplification circuit, voltage transitions current circuit, serial communication circuit, output signal selection circuit to the utility model sensor operating principles block diagram.Sensitive Apparatus is according to the voltage signal of the change output transform of temperature and relative humidity, and voltage signal to be amplified by signal amplification circuit and exports by a road signal, then by voltage transitions current circuit, the voltage signal of change is converted to current signal; Another road signal is converted to digital signal by serial communication circuit again; The signal form exported is selected on request finally by output signal selection circuit.
The accuracy of the utility model Temperature Humidity Sensor output signal and measurement data in the complicated marine environment such as high temperature, low temperature can be ensured through the hardware circuit of temperature compensation.
With reference to figure 2, signal amplification circuit comprises TLC2652 operational amplifier and relevant configuration electric capacity and resistance, and the output signal of Sensitive Apparatus enters the three-prong in-phase input end of operational amplifier; By the output terminal of feedback resistance R14, R18 and trimmer potentiometer WR1 concatenation operation amplifier; According to the bias current of TLC2652, R14 and R18 is defined as 10K, according to in-phase proportion enlargement factor computing formula:
Calculating enlargement factor is 5, in order to ensure the accuracy of enlargement factor, adds trimmer potentiometer WR1 in circuit; The output signal of Sensitive Apparatus realizes amplifying through operational amplification circuit, then enters the voltage transitions current circuit in temperature and relative humidity loop respectively.
It should be noted that signal amplification circuit of the present utility model also can be built by other operational amplifiers, but the reliability of its temperature drift, the linearity, hot environment is inferior to foregoing circuit structure.
With reference to figure 3, voltage transitions current circuit comprises XTR111 conversion chip, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and PNP triode Q2.The output terminal of the input end concatenation operation amplifying circuit of XTR111 conversion chip, the input voltage of XTR111 chip needs 1 ~ 5V, carry out ratio change by reference to the resistance R10 in Fig. 4 and resistance R15, convert 0 ~ 5V voltage signal to 1 ~ 5V voltage signal linearly; The output signal of conversion chip is connected output signal selection circuit by metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 with PNP triode Q2.
According to formula
Wherein
=4 ~ 20mA,
=1 ~ 5V, calculates
namely with reference to the resistance R17=2.5K in figure 4.
By building of voltage transitions current circuit, the output signal achieving Sensitive Apparatus converts the function of 4-20mA current signal to, solves the demand of user to Temperature Humidity Sensor output current signal.
Comprise MAX485 conversion chip with reference to figure 4, RS485 serial communication circuit, the output level of Sensitive Apparatus is converted to RS485 level.Sensitive Apparatus signal enters the first pin and second pin of conversion chip respectively, and carries out level pull-up by resistance R5 and resistance R7; Signal after conversion is respectively by the 6th pin and the output of the 7th pin of conversion chip; To take a policy resistance F1, F2 and voltage stabilizing diode D5 at the output terminal of conversion chip, in can working out of doors, prevent thunderbolt, improve reliability.
Comprise MAX232 conversion chip with reference to figure 5, RS232 serial communication circuit, the output level of Sensitive Apparatus is converted to RS232 level.Sensitive Apparatus signal enters the 11 pin and the tenth three-prong of conversion chip respectively; The electric capacity C22 that conversion chip connects and electric capacity C26 is the storage capacitor of level conversion; Signal after conversion is respectively by the 12 pin and the output of the 14 pin of conversion chip.
Building by serial communication circuit, the output signal achieving Sensitive Apparatus converts the function of digital signal to, solves the demand of user to Temperature Humidity Sensor output digit signals.
With reference to figure 6, output signal selection circuit comprises wire jumper selector switch.The output signal of voltage transitions current circuit enters the three-prong of wire jumper selector switch J5-TH and the three-prong of J6-RH respectively; The output signal of RS485 serial communication circuit enters second pin of wire jumper selector switch J5-TH and second pin of J6-RH respectively; The output signal of RS485 serial communication circuit enters first pin of wire jumper selector switch J5-TH and first pin of J6-RH respectively; Output signal type can be selected as required by the wire jumper selector switch of output signal selection circuit, comprise 4-20mA current signal, RS485 signal and MAX232 signal.
By building of output signal selection circuit, the fast and flexible achieving Temperature Humidity Sensor output signal switches, and solves the demand of user to the different output signal selection of Temperature Humidity Sensor.
Ocean Temperature Humidity Sensor measuring accuracy and reliability requirement higher, need to test Temperature Humidity Sensor, what the test environment of temperature was selected is the laboratory with detection qu alification, carries out in water bath with thermostatic control; What the test environment of relative humidity was selected is the laboratory with detection qu alification, carries out in constant temperature humidity chamber; Two Temperature Humidity Sensors (being numbered 1#, 2# respectively) developed are selected to test, 1# temperature and humidity sensing actuator temperature accuracy test result is in table 1,1# Temperature Humidity Sensor relative humidity accuracy test result is in table 2,2# temperature and humidity sensing actuator temperature accuracy test result is in table 3, and 2# Temperature Humidity Sensor relative humidity accuracy test result is in table 4.
Table 1 1# temperature and humidity sensing actuator temperature accuracy test result
| Sequence number | Actual value (DEG C) | Sensor displayed value (DEG C) | Difference (DEG C) |
| 1 | -29.8 | -29.7 | 0.1 |
| 2 | -19.8 | -19.8 | 0.0 |
| 3 | -9.9 | -9.9 | 0.0 |
| 4 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 |
| 5 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 0.0 |
| 6 | 19.9 | 19.9 | 0.0 |
| 7 | 29.8 | 29.8 | 0.0 |
| 8 | 39.7 | 39.8 | 0.1 |
| 9 | 49.6 | 49.7 | 0.1 |
Table 2 1# Temperature Humidity Sensor relative humidity accuracy test result
| Sequence number | Actual value (%RH) | Sensor displayed value (%RH) | Difference (%RH) |
| 1 | 29.9 | 30.7 | 0.7 |
| 2 | 39.9 | 40.6 | 0.7 |
| 3 | 49.7 | 51.2 | 1.5 |
| 4 | 60.7 | 62.2 | 1.5 |
| 5 | 69.6 | 70.7 | 1.1 |
| 6 | 79.6 | 80.7 | 1.1 |
| 7 | 94.3 | 95.4 | 1.1 |
Table 3 2# temperature and humidity sensing actuator temperature accuracy test result
| Sequence number | Actual value (DEG C) | Sensor displayed value (DEG C) | Difference (DEG C) |
| 1 | -29.8 | -29.7 | 0.1 |
| 2 | -19.8 | -19.7 | 0.1 |
| 3 | -9.9 | -9.9 | 0.0 |
| 4 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 |
| 5 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 0.0 |
| 6 | 19.9 | 19.9 | 0.0 |
| 7 | 29.8 | 29.8 | 0.0 |
| 8 | 39.7 | 39.7 | 0.0 |
| 9 | 49.6 | 49.7 | 0.1 |
Table 4 2# Temperature Humidity Sensor relative humidity accuracy test result
| Sequence number | Actual value (%RH) | Sensor displayed value (%RH) | Difference (%RH) |
| 1 | 29.9 | 30.6 | 0.6 |
| 2 | 39.9 | 40.4 | 0.5 |
| 3 | 49.7 | 51.0 | 1.3 |
| 4 | 60.7 | 62.0 | 1.3 |
| 5 | 69.6 | 70.6 | 1.0 |
| 6 | 79.6 | 80.8 | 1.2 |
| 7 | 94.3 | 95.3 | 1.0 |
Test result shows, the temperature survey maximum error of the utility model Temperature Humidity Sensor is 0.1 DEG C, and relative humidity measurement maximum error is 1.3%RH, is much better than the requirement of meteorological specification, and temperature and the relative humidity measurement linearity good.The utility model Temperature Humidity Sensor is equipped with special thermometer screen, and has carried out land and sea examination, can meet the meteorological observation requirement of the marine environment such as harbour, bank station, naval vessel completely.
The above, it is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, not that other forms of development is done to the utility model, the Equivalent embodiments that any those skilled in the art may utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned explanation to be changed or be modified as equivalent variations is applied to the liquid that other field has similar requirement, the control of gas, but everyly do not depart from technical solutions of the utility model content, according to technical spirit of the present utility model to any simple modification made for any of the above embodiments, equivalent variations and remodeling, still belong to the protection domain of technical solutions of the utility model.
Claims (6)
1. a maritime meteorology key element Temperature Humidity Sensor, it is characterized in that: be made up of humiture Sensitive Apparatus, signal amplification circuit, voltage transitions current circuit, serial communication circuit, output signal selection circuit, wherein, described humiture Sensitive Apparatus is connected with signal amplification circuit and serial communication circuit respectively, signal amplification circuit is connected with output signal selection circuit by voltage transitions current circuit, and serial communication circuit is connected with output signal selection circuit; Described humiture Sensitive Apparatus is according to the voltage signal of the change exporting change of temperature and relative humidity, voltage signal is amplified output by signal amplification circuit by one road signal, then by voltage transitions current circuit, the voltage signal of change is converted to current signal; Another road signal is converted to digital signal by serial communication circuit again; Output signal type is selected on request finally by output signal selection circuit.
2. maritime meteorology key element Temperature Humidity Sensor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described signal amplification circuit is made up of TLC2652 operational amplifier and peripheral circuit thereof, the output signal of humiture Sensitive Apparatus is divided into temperature signal and relative humidity signal, temperature signal directly enters the in-phase input end of the operational amplifier of temperature loop, and relative humidity signal directly enters the in-phase input end of the operational amplifier in relative humidity loop; By the output terminal of feedback resistance concatenation operation amplifier; The output signal of humiture Sensitive Apparatus enters the voltage transitions current circuit in temperature and relative humidity loop respectively after the amplification of operational amplification circuit.
3. maritime meteorology key element Temperature Humidity Sensor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described voltage transitions current circuit is made up of XTR111 conversion chip, metal-oxide-semiconductor and PNP triode, the input end of described XTR111 conversion chip connects the output terminal of PNP triode operational amplification circuit, set pedestal voltage value by biasing resistor, and then enter the input end of conversion chip by reference resistance; The output signal of conversion chip is connected output signal selection circuit by metal-oxide-semiconductor with PNP triode.
4. maritime meteorology key element Temperature Humidity Sensor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described serial communication circuit is made up of MAX485 conversion chip and MAX232 conversion chip two-way change-over circuit, the output signal of described humiture Sensitive Apparatus is converted to RS485 level by MAX485 conversion chip on the one hand, be converted to RS232 level by MAX232 conversion chip on the other hand, described MAX485 conversion chip is connected output signal selection circuit with the output signal of MAX232 conversion chip.
5. maritime meteorology key element Temperature Humidity Sensor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described output signal selection circuit is made up of wire jumper selector switch, the output signal of voltage transitions current circuit connects output signal selection circuit on the one hand, and the output signal of serial communication circuit connects output signal selection circuit on the other hand; Output signal type can be selected as required by the wire jumper selector switch of output signal selection circuit, comprise 4-20mA current signal, RS485 signal and MAX232 signal.
6. maritime meteorology key element Temperature Humidity Sensor according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: described humiture Sensitive Apparatus, signal amplification circuit, voltage transitions current circuit, serial communication circuit, output signal selection circuit are positioned at sensor cartridge; described sensor cartridge adopts injection mold to manufacture one-shot forming; Sensitive Apparatus is positioned at the top of box body, the Defend salt fog protective cover that the housing outside Sensitive Apparatus is made up of PVC material.
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| CN201520290631.1U CN204649999U (en) | 2015-05-07 | 2015-05-07 | A kind of maritime meteorology key element Temperature Humidity Sensor |
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| CN201520290631.1U CN204649999U (en) | 2015-05-07 | 2015-05-07 | A kind of maritime meteorology key element Temperature Humidity Sensor |
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